Harvesting machine, threshing device and control system of threshing device
By introducing a speed control unit and a gear shifting system into the threshing device, the problem of overload of the threshing drum under high feeding volume is solved, and efficient threshing in high feeding volume and dual longitudinal axial flow scenarios is achieved to avoid damage to the drum motor.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422591354.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-22
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-25
AI Technical Summary
Prior Art In high feeding volume or double longitudinal axial flow threshing devices, the threshing roller is prone to overload, resulting in damage to the drum motor or failure to provide sufficient torque.
The transmission control unit is adopted, including the gearbox and the gear shifting gear train, which changes the transmission ratio between the power unit and the threshing drum, provides a higher torque reserve, and adapts to different operating conditions.
The adaptability of the threshing device in high feeding volume and dual longitudinal axial flow scenarios is improved, so as to avoid overloading the drum motor, ensure sufficient torque output, and adapt to different operating needs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223247107U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a harvesting machine, in particular to a control system for a threshing device. On this basis, the utility model also relates to a threshing device comprising the control system and a harvesting machine comprising the threshing device. Background Art
[0002] Depending on the layout of the threshing drum, various harvesting machines, such as corn combine harvesters and wheat harvesters, are generally divided into two categories: transverse-axis flow and longitudinal-axis flow. Longitudinal-axis flow harvesters are widely used due to their gentle threshing, longer crop residence time in the drum, more complete threshing and separation, and good threshing, separation, and crushing rates. Furthermore, single-axis flow threshing units are more suitable for small-scale operations or specific crops, while dual-axis flow threshing units offer more efficient grain separation and are suitable for high-efficiency operations with large feed rates.
[0003] In traditional harvesters, a belt is typically used to transmit power from the engine to the threshing drum. With increasing environmental protection requirements and the development of new energy technologies, hybrid harvesters have been proposed. In this case, a power battery supplies power to the drum motor, which in turn drives the threshing drum. This not only simplifies the transmission structure in the threshing system, improving transmission and operating efficiency, but also achieves energy conservation and environmental protection.
[0004] However, in dual-axial threshing devices used for large feed rates, for example, these transmission methods all have drawbacks in various aspects. For example, belt drives have low transmission efficiency and limit torque, high energy consumption, and do not meet the technical development requirements of hybrid technology in the agricultural machinery field. While using a drum motor to directly drive the threshing drum has achieved improvements in transmission efficiency and new energy technology application compared to belt drives, it is limited by the performance of the drum motor and is only suitable for harvesting machinery with small to medium feed rates. When the feed rate is high or when used in dual-axial threshing devices, the drum motor is easily damaged due to overload or cannot provide sufficient torque. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the problem in the prior art that when the feed rate is high or when used in a double longitudinal axial flow threshing device, the threshing drum is easily overloaded, resulting in damage to power units such as the drum motor or inability to provide sufficient torque. A control system for a threshing device is provided, which can be set to have a higher torque reserve, so that power units such as the drum motor can better adapt to the application scenarios of higher feed rates and double longitudinal axial flow threshing devices.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a control system for a threshing device, comprising:
[0007] Power unit;
[0008] A speed change control unit includes a speed change mechanism that is transmission-connected between the power unit and the threshing drum, and the speed change mechanism can be manipulated to change the transmission ratio between the power unit and the threshing drum.
[0009] Preferably, the speed control unit includes a first gearbox and a second gearbox, and the threshing drum includes a first threshing drum and a second threshing drum, wherein,
[0010] The first gearbox has a first roller drive shaft for outputting rotational power to the first threshing drum; the second gearbox has a second roller drive shaft for outputting rotational power to the second threshing drum and extending in a direction parallel to the first roller drive shaft, and the first gearbox and the second gearbox are configured to allow the power unit to drive the first threshing drum and the second threshing drum to rotate synchronously.
[0011] Preferably, at least one of the first and second gearboxes has a shifting gear system as the speed changing mechanism, which can be manipulated to change the transmission ratio between the power unit and the first roller drive shaft and the second roller drive shaft between at least two different gears, so that the power unit can drive the first threshing drum and the second threshing drum to rotate synchronously.
[0012] Preferably, the shifting gear train is only provided in the first gearbox, and the first gearbox has an input shaft for receiving the power output by the power unit and an output shaft for transmitting the power shifted by the shifting gear train to the second gearbox.
[0013] Preferably, the power unit is a motor mounted on the housing of the first gearbox via a flange, and a power output shaft of the power unit is connected to the input shaft via a spline.
[0014] Preferably, the first gearbox further comprises an electronic shift execution unit for receiving a manipulation signal and controlling the shifting gear train to change the transmission ratio between the input shaft and the output shaft.
[0015] Preferably, the extension direction of the first roller drive shaft and the second roller drive shaft is perpendicular to the extension direction of the output shaft, and the first gearbox and the second gearbox respectively have a pair of mutually meshing bevel gears for transmitting power to the first roller drive shaft and the second roller drive shaft.
[0016] Preferably, the transmission ratios of the bevel gears meshing with each other in the first gearbox and the second gearbox are equal to each other.
[0017] Preferably, the first drum drive shaft and the second drum drive shaft are respectively connected with couplings for correspondingly connecting to the first threshing drum and the second threshing drum.
[0018] The second aspect of the present invention provides a threshing device, comprising a threshing concave assembly, a drum cover arranged on the upper side of the threshing concave assembly, a threshing drum rotatably installed in the space between the drum cover and the threshing concave assembly, and the above-mentioned control system.
[0019] A third aspect of the present invention provides a harvesting machine comprising the threshing device.
[0020] Through the above-described technical solution, the control system of the threshing device of the present invention can manipulate the speed control unit to change the transmission ratio between the power unit and the threshing drum it drives, thereby enabling a relatively high torque reserve to be set as needed, without relying entirely on the performance of the power unit itself. When the feed rate is high, the crop moisture is high, or a higher torque is required, such as in a dual longitudinal axial flow threshing device, the user can increase the torque output to the threshing drum by shifting gears, thereby better adapting to different operating conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 It is a side view of a dual longitudinal axial flow threshing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A diagram showing the connection structure between the control system and the threshing drum of the middle double longitudinal axial flow threshing device;
[0023] Figure 3 It is a principle diagram of a control system of a threshing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present utility model.
[0024] Description of Reference Numerals
[0025] 1-power unit; 2-first gearbox; 21-input shaft; 22-output shaft; 23-first roller drive shaft; 24-shift gear train; 25-spline; 26-electronic shift execution unit; 3-second gearbox; 31-connecting shaft; 32-second roller drive shaft; 27, 33-bevel gears; 4-control system; 5-threshing drum; 6-drum cover; 7-threshing concave assembly; 71-grid concave; 72-comb tooth concave; 8-acceleration feed roller; R1-first threshing drum; R2-second threshing drum; C-coupling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The following is a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0027] Figure 1 The device is shown as a threshing device with a longitudinally mounted axial flow drum, comprising a threshing concave assembly 7, a drum cover 6 positioned above the threshing concave assembly 7, and a threshing drum 5 rotatably mounted in the space between the drum cover 6 and the threshing concave assembly 7. The threshing drum 5 is connected to a control system 4 so that it can be driven to rotate by the control system 4. An acceleration feed roller 8 may also be provided at the end away from the control system. This roller can be assembled with a bridge and fixed to the machine body on both sides for accelerated feeding and pre-threshing. Thus, when crops are fed backward via the acceleration feed roller 8, the crop stalks move through the annular gap between the threshing drum 5 and the threshing concave assembly 7 as the threshing drum 5 rotates, subjecting them to impact, shearing, combing, and other effects, thereby separating the grains from the stalks.
[0028] Combine Figure 2 As shown, the threshing device can be set as a double longitudinal axial flow threshing device, thereby including a first threshing drum R1 and a second threshing drum R2 as the threshing drum 5, so as to have a more efficient grain separation capability, and is suitable for efficient operation in a large feed volume scenario. Among them, as one of the core components of the harvesting machinery, the threshing drum 5 should be able to be controlled to rotate at an appropriate speed and torque to meet the threshing needs of the crop, which depends on the control system 4 to which it is connected. It should be noted that although the control system of the threshing device provided by the utility model will be described in detail below mainly based on the double longitudinal axial flow threshing device, in the absence of special emphasis, the relevant innovative settings can also be used for a single longitudinal axial flow threshing device or even a transverse axial flow threshing device, and the same or similar effects can be achieved accordingly.
[0029] Reference Figures 1 to 3As shown, one aspect of the present invention provides a control system 4 for a threshing device. The control system 4 includes a power unit 1 and a speed control unit. The speed control unit includes a speed change mechanism connected between the power unit 1 and a threshing drum 5. The speed change mechanism can be manipulated to change the transmission ratio between the power unit 1 and the threshing drum 5. Thus, the control system 4 can be configured to have a relatively high torque reserve, independent of the performance of the power unit 1 itself, depending on actual needs. When the feed rate is high, the crop moisture is high, or higher torque is required, such as in a dual-longitudinal-axial-flow threshing device, the user can increase the torque output to the threshing drum 5 by shifting gears, thereby better adapting to different operating conditions. For example, if the power unit 1 is configured as a drum motor, when the threshing load is high, the speed change mechanism can be used to shift to a low gear to increase the output torque, thereby avoiding problems such as damage to the drum motor or insufficient torque due to overload. Thus, a threshing device and harvester equipped with this control system can adapt to different operating conditions, particularly in dual-longitudinal-axial-flow threshing applications with high feed rates.
[0030] Figure 2 and Figure 3 The connection structure and schematic diagram of a dual longitudinal axial flow threshing device and its control system are shown. The threshing drum 5 includes a first threshing drum R1 and a second threshing drum R2. Accordingly, the speed control unit includes a first gearbox 2 and a second gearbox 3. The first gearbox 2 has a first drive shaft 23 for outputting rotational power to the first threshing drum R1. The second gearbox 3 has a second drive shaft 32 for outputting rotational power to the second threshing drum R2. The second drive shaft 32 extends parallel to the first drive shaft 23, transmitting rotational power to the first and second threshing drums R1 and R2, which are arranged side by side. Thus, the first and second gearboxes 2 and 3 can be equipped with a speed change mechanism. The power output from the power unit 1 is transmitted through the first and second gearboxes 2 and 3, and then output through the first and second drive shafts 23 and 32, resulting in synchronous rotation of the first and second threshing drums R1 and R2, thus achieving dual longitudinal axial flow threshing. In this way, the first and second threshing drums R1 and R2 can be driven by the same power unit 1.
[0031] In this preferred embodiment, the speed change mechanism can be configured as a shift gear train 24 located in the first gearbox 2 and / or the second gearbox 3. The shift gear train 24 can be manipulated to change the transmission ratio between the power unit 1 and the first roller drive shaft 23 and the second roller drive shaft 32 between at least two different gears, so that the power unit 1 can drive the first threshing drum R1 and the second threshing drum R2 to rotate synchronously. Thus, the power output by the power unit 1 is shifted via the shift gear train 24 and output through the first roller drive shaft 23 and the second roller drive shaft 32, causing the first threshing drum R1 and the second threshing drum R2 to rotate synchronously, thereby achieving a dual longitudinal axial flow threshing operation. In this way, the first threshing drum R1 and the second threshing drum R2 can be driven by the same power unit 1, and it is only necessary to set an appropriate transmission path and shift gear train 24 to enable the first threshing drum R1 and the second threshing drum R2 to rotate synchronously.
[0032] To this end, for example, the same shifting gear train 24 can be provided in the first gearbox 2 and the second gearbox 3, and the power output by the power unit 1 is respectively output to the corresponding first roller drive shaft 23 and the second roller drive shaft 32 after being shifted by the shifting gear train 24, so as to drive the first threshing drum R1 and the second threshing drum R2 to rotate synchronously. For example, the power unit 1 can be arranged between the first gearbox 2 and the second gearbox 3, so that the shifting gear trains 24 in the first gearbox 2 and the second gearbox 3 form a parallel transmission mechanism.
[0033] To simplify the control system structure, the shifting gear train 24 can be installed in only one of the first and second gearboxes 2, 3. Specifically, the power output from the power unit 1 passes through the first or second gearbox 3 equipped with the shifting gear train 24 before being transferred to either the second or first gearbox 2, forming a series transmission mechanism. In this manner, the power unit 1 can be connected to whichever of the first and second gearboxes 2 and 3 is equipped with the shifting gear train 24. In the illustrated preferred embodiment, the shifting gear train 24 is installed only in the first gearbox 2. The first gearbox 2 has an input shaft 21 for receiving the power output from the power unit 1 and an output shaft 22 for transmitting the power, which has been shifted by the shifting gear train 24, to the second gearbox 3. The power output from the power unit 1 is shifted in speed by the shifting gear train 24 within the first gearbox 2 and then transferred to the first roller drive shaft 23 of the first gearbox 2 and the second roller drive shaft 32 of the second gearbox 3, respectively. The power can be transmitted through the bevel gear train (described later) without changing its speed, meaning the gear ratios of the meshing bevel gears 27 and 33 are both 1, or they can have the same gear ratio.
[0034] The power unit 1 can be configured in various forms, such as an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, etc. In a preferred embodiment, the power unit 1 is a motor mounted on the housing of the first gearbox 2 via a flange, and the power output shaft of the power unit 1 is connected to the input shaft 21 of the first gearbox 2 via a spline 25. By directly mounting the power unit 1 on the housing of the first gearbox 2, assembly errors can be effectively reduced, thereby ensuring the mating accuracy of the spline 25.
[0035] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first roller drive shaft 23 and the second roller drive shaft 32 are usually arranged to be coaxial with the first threshing roller R1 and the second threshing roller R2 respectively. Thus, the first roller drive shaft 23 and the first threshing roller R1, and the second roller drive shaft 32 and the second threshing roller R2 can be connected to each other through the coupling C respectively, which is also conducive to fine-tuning during the assembly process.
[0036] Taking into account installation space limitations, the first and second roller drive shafts 23, 32 extend perpendicularly to the output shaft 22 of the first gearbox 2. A pair of intermeshing bevel gears 27 and 33 are respectively provided within the first and second gearboxes 2, 3 to transfer transversely transmitted power to the longitudinally extending first and second roller drive shafts 23, 32. The second gearbox 3 can include a connecting shaft 31 connected to the output shaft 22 of the first gearbox 2 via a coupling C. This facilitates connection of the power transmission mechanisms after the first and second gearboxes 2, 3, are separately mounted on the base. Furthermore, the roller motor, serving as the power unit 1, can be offset relative to the output shaft 22 and connecting shaft 31 to accommodate spatial limitations within the harvester.
[0037] As shown, the second gearbox 3 can have a simpler internal structure than the first gearbox 2, with the bevel gear train serving only to change the direction of rotation and increase torque. The shift gear train 24 within the first gearbox 2 can be configured with only two gears: high and low, to avoid layout difficulties and complicate the control mechanism. In a preferred embodiment, the first gearbox 2 can also include an electronic shift execution unit 26 for receiving control signals and controlling the shift gear train 24 to change the transmission ratio between the input shaft 21 and the output shaft 22. This allows the user to shift gears in the cab by simply pressing buttons, providing enhanced user convenience.
[0038] On this basis, the present invention also provides a threshing device including the above-mentioned control system, in particular a dual longitudinal axial flow threshing device. In a preferred embodiment, the dual longitudinal axial flow threshing device may include a threshing section and a separation section, and its threshing concave plate assembly 7 may include a grid concave plate 71 located in the threshing section and a comb tooth concave plate 72 located in the separation section, such as Figure 1With this arrangement, when crops pass through the threshing and separation stages in sequence, the grid concave plates 71 can be used to fully remove the crop grains, ensuring a high separation rate. The crops are then conveyed to the comb-tooth concave plates 72, which have a weaker threshing capacity. The comb-tooth concave plates 72 are primarily used to separate the grains from the straw without causing any further breakage of the grains and straw, thereby effectively maintaining the straw length for use in livestock feeding, etc.
[0039] Another aspect of the present invention further provides a harvesting machine including the above-mentioned threshing device, such as a corn grain combine harvester, a grain harvester, etc.
[0040] While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various simple variations of the technical solution of the present invention may be made, including combining the specific technical features in any suitable manner. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations. However, these simple variations and combinations should also be considered as disclosed in the present invention and fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A control system for a threshing device, characterized in that: include: Power unit (1); A speed change control unit comprises a speed change mechanism connected to between the power unit (1) and the threshing drum (5), and the speed change mechanism can be manipulated to change the transmission ratio between the power unit (1) and the threshing drum (5).
2. The control system of the threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed control unit comprises a first gearbox (2) and a second gearbox (3), and the threshing drum (5) comprises a first threshing drum (R1) and a second threshing drum (R2), wherein: The first gearbox (2) has a first roller drive shaft (23) for outputting rotational power to the first threshing drum (R1); the second gearbox (3) has a second roller drive shaft (32) for outputting rotational power to the second threshing drum (R2) and extending in a direction parallel to the first roller drive shaft (23), and the first gearbox (2) and the second gearbox (3) are configured to allow the power unit (1) to drive the first threshing drum (R1) and the second threshing drum (R2) to rotate synchronously.
3. The control system of the threshing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one of the first gearbox (2) and the second gearbox (3) has a shift gear train (24) as the speed change mechanism, and the shift gear train (24) can be operated to change the transmission ratio between the power unit (1) and the first roller drive shaft (23) and the second roller drive shaft (32) between at least two different gears, so that the power unit (1) can drive the first threshing drum (R1) and the second threshing drum (R2) to rotate synchronously.
4. The control system of the threshing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shifting gear train (24) is only provided in the first gearbox (2), and the first gearbox (2) has an input shaft (21) for receiving the power output by the power unit (1) and an output shaft (22) for transmitting the power after the speed change by the shifting gear train (24) to the second gearbox (3).
5. The control system of the threshing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power unit (1) is a motor mounted on the housing of the first gearbox (2) via a flange, and the power output shaft of the power unit (1) is connected to the input shaft (21) via a spline (25).
6. The control system of the threshing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first gearbox (2) also has an electronic shift execution unit (26) for receiving a control signal and controlling the shift gear train (24) to change the transmission ratio between the input shaft (21) and the output shaft (22).
7. The control system of the threshing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The extension direction of the first roller drive shaft (23) and the second roller drive shaft (32) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the output shaft (22), and the first gearbox (2) and the second gearbox (3) respectively have a pair of mutually meshing bevel gears (27, 33) for transmitting power to the first roller drive shaft (23) and the second roller drive shaft (32).
8. The control system of the threshing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission ratios of the bevel gears (27, 33) meshing with each other in the first gearbox (2) and the second gearbox (3) are equal to each other.
9. The control system of the threshing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first roller drive shaft (23) and the second roller drive shaft (32) are respectively connected to couplings (C) for correspondingly connecting to the first threshing roller (R1) and the second threshing roller (R2).
10. A threshing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a threshing concave assembly (7), a roller cover (6) arranged on the upper side of the threshing concave assembly (7), a threshing drum (5) rotatably installed in the space between the roller cover (6) and the threshing concave assembly (7), and a control system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. A harvesting machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a threshing device according to claim 10.