Winch brake system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a winch brake system, which comprises a winding drum, a plurality of sets of brake mechanisms for controlling the winding drum to brake, and an automatic control oil way for controlling the brake mechanisms to be gradually opened or closed according to a set logic sequence, the brake mechanism comprises a hydraulic disc brake and a ratchet wheel stop brake; the hydraulic disc brake comprises hydraulic calipers and a brake disc, the brake disc is arranged at one end of the winding cylinder, and the hydraulic calipers clamp the brake disc to form friction braking force; the ratchet wheel stopping brake comprises a brake ratchet wheel and a ratchet wheel stopper, the brake ratchet wheel is arranged at one end of the winding drum, and the ratchet wheel stopper can rotatably control the brake ratchet wheel to be clamped into or separated from the brake ratchet wheel to position the winding drum. According to the scheme, the three brakes are opened or closed according to a set sequence and work independently, and the reliability is improved. When any one of the brakes is overhauled, the other two brakes can still brake completely, and safety is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a winch brake system. Background Art

[0002] Marine winches are essential machinery for offshore operations, playing a variety of roles in ship operations, from cargo loading and unloading, towing, mooring, to launching and retrieving lifeboats. Their design and performance must adapt to the harsh environmental conditions at sea, ensuring reliable operation in saltwater, storms, and other extreme weather conditions.

[0003] The winch brake system is a crucial component of a crane, controlling its motion and preventing loss of control during operation, thereby avoiding dangerous situations such as crane slippage and rollover. The brake system directly impacts work efficiency and economic costs, and can even cause major safety incidents such as property damage and casualties.

[0004] If a winch has only one braking system, when the brake system needs to be repaired or disassembled due to a malfunction, the load on the drum must be released in advance, increasing workload and safety risks. Furthermore, the brake built into the reducer is usually a parking brake, which requires the brake to be engaged only when the speed approaches zero. When rapid braking is required for special circumstances, abnormal wear and impact will occur, seriously shortening the life of the brake pads.

[0005] In view of the above, it is necessary to propose a winch brake system to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a winch brake system.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a winch brake system includes a drum, multiple brake mechanisms for controlling drum brakes, and an automatic control oil circuit for controlling the opening or closing of each brake mechanism in sequence according to a predetermined logical sequence; the brake mechanisms include a hydraulic disc brake and a ratchet stop brake;

[0008] The reel includes a cylindrical winding drum on which the steel cable is wound, and the winding drum rotates to control the winding or releasing of the cable; a first disc and a second disc are respectively provided at both ends of the winding drum, and the discs at both ends limit the wound steel cable and form a space for winding the steel cable; in this embodiment, a brake disc is provided on the first disc and a brake ratchet is provided on the second disc.

[0009] The hydraulic disc brake includes a hydraulic caliper and a brake disc. The brake disc is arranged at one end of the winding drum. The hydraulic caliper clamps the brake disc to generate friction braking force.

[0010] The ratchet stop brake comprises a brake ratchet and a ratchet stopper. The brake ratchet is arranged at one end of the winding drum. The ratchet stopper can be rotated to control the engagement or separation of the brake ratchet to form a positioning for the winding drum.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a reducer brake. A reduction drive mechanism for driving the reel is provided in the winding drum, and the reducer brake is provided in the reduction drive mechanism. The reducer brake decelerates the reduction drive mechanism through the reduction brake cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the automatic control oil circuit includes an oil tank, a motor pump group, and a brake valve group. The brake valve group is integrated with the same number of electromagnetic reversing valves as the brake mechanism. The motor pump group pumps the hydraulic oil in the oil tank to supply oil to each electromagnetic reversing valve. The outlet end of each electromagnetic reversing valve is correspondingly connected to and controls a set of brake mechanisms.

[0013] Furthermore, the electromagnetic reversing valve includes a Y1 valve group, a Y2 valve group, and a Y3 valve group. The Y1 valve group is connected to the hydraulic caliper and supplies oil to it, the Y2 valve group is connected to the ratchet control cylinder and supplies oil to it, and the Y3 valve group is connected to the deceleration brake cylinder and supplies oil to it.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a travel switch, which detects that the hydraulic caliper moves to the end of the travel at both ends and sends a control signal. One end of the travel switch sends a signal to trigger the Y2 valve group, and the other end sends a signal to trigger the Y3 valve group.

[0015] Furthermore, a pressure switch is provided on the pipeline from the Y3 valve group to the deceleration brake cylinder, and the pressure switch detects when the pressure in the deceleration brake cylinder 10 is lower than a certain threshold and sends a signal to trigger the Y1 valve group; it also includes an encoder, which is arranged at one end of the reel and sends a signal to trigger the Y3 valve group when the rotation speed of the reel is lower than a certain threshold.

[0016] Furthermore, a proportional pressure reducing valve is provided at the front end of the oil supply pipeline of the Y1 valve group, so that the Y1 valve group provides hydraulic oil with variable and controllable pressure to the hydraulic caliper to control the braking force of the hydraulic caliper on the brake disc.

[0017] A control method for a winch brake system includes the aforementioned multiple brake mechanisms and an automatic control oil circuit, wherein the control steps for opening the brake system include:

[0018] S1, the ratchet stop brake is unlocked, the Y2 valve group is actuated, the motor pump group is connected to the control cylinder of the ratchet stop, and the hydraulic oil controls the locking teeth to disengage the brake ratchet;

[0019] S2, the hydraulic disc brake is unlocked, and the maximum control voltage is input to the proportional pressure reducing valve, so that the proportional pressure reducing valve outputs the hydraulic oil with the highest pressure within its adjustment range to the front end of the Y1 valve group, and controls the action of the Y1 valve group to inject the hydraulic oil into the hydraulic caliper and drive it to release the brake disc;

[0020] S3, the deceleration drive mechanism is unlocked, the hydraulic caliper is unlocked and moves to the unlocking end and triggers the travel switch. The travel switch sends a signal and controls the Y3 valve group according to the signal, so that the hydraulic oil passes through the Y3 valve group and enters the deceleration brake cylinder, unlocking the deceleration drive mechanism;

[0021] S4, after the three sets of brake mechanisms are fully unlocked, the reel can rotate freely in any direction.

[0022] Furthermore, the locking control step is also included:

[0023] S1, the deceleration drive mechanism is locked. When the encoder detects that the drum speed is lower than the allowable value, the encoder sends a feedback signal and controls the Y3 valve group to operate, disconnecting the oil line from the motor pump group to the reducer brake and unloading the hydraulic oil in the deceleration brake cylinder, so that the deceleration drive mechanism is locked. In addition, the pressure switch detects the low pressure signal of the deceleration brake cylinder and sends a feedback signal.

[0024] S2, the hydraulic disc brake is locked. The feedback signal from the pressure switch triggers the Y1 valve group to cut off the hydraulic oil to the hydraulic caliper and release the pressure, causing the hydraulic caliper to move and clamp the brake disc. The travel switch detects that the hydraulic caliper is locked in place and sends a feedback signal.

[0025] S3, the ratchet stops the brake and is locked. The feedback signal of the travel switch controls the Y2 valve group to move, and the ratchet control cylinder to move, thereby causing the teeth to engage in the brake ratchet.

[0026] Furthermore, the emergency brake control steps are also included:

[0027] S1, press the emergency stop button, input the control voltage from high to low to the proportional pressure reducing valve, and gradually increase the braking torque of the hydraulic caliper on the brake disc until the brake disc is completely clamped;

[0028] S2: When the encoder detects that the drum speed is close to zero, the PLC program automatically controls the Y1 valve group and the Y3 valve group to operate, disconnecting the oil supply from the hydraulic caliper and the deceleration brake cylinder, and locking the hydraulic disc brake and the deceleration drive mechanism.

[0029] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The three sets of brakes in this solution are opened or closed in a set order and work independently, thereby improving reliability. When any one set of brakes is being repaired, the other two sets of brakes can still be fully braked, ensuring safety.

[0030] 2. When braking quickly in an emergency, the PLC controls the drum through the electric proportional pressure reducing valve to first slow down and then completely stop, reducing impact and extending the service life of the brake pads.

[0031] 3. Hydraulic pump station, brake valve group, hydraulic disc brake and other components are highly integrated and simple in structure; they are highly interchangeable, practical and economical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a winch brake system of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 It is the principle diagram of the hydraulic system in the utility model;

[0034] Figure 3 This is an axonometric view of the brake valve assembly in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is an axonometric view of the hydraulic disc brake in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is an axonometric view of the ratchet stopper in the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: 1. Reel; 2. Automatic control oil circuit; 3. Hydraulic caliper; 4. Brake disc; 5. Winding drum; 6. First disc; 7. Second disc; 8. Brake ratchet; 9. Ratchet stopper; 10. Deceleration drive mechanism; 11. Deceleration brake cylinder; 12. Fuel tank; 13. Motor pump group; 14. Brake valve group; 15. Y1 valve group; 16. Y2 valve group; 17. Y3 valve group; 18. Travel switch; 19. Pressure switch; 20. Encoder; 21. Proportional pressure reducing valve; 22. Ratchet control cylinder; 23. Gear; 24. Frequency conversion motor; 25. Base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following embodiments are used to further describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] A winch brake system, such as Figure 1-5 As shown, it mainly includes an oil tank 12, a motor pump group 13, a brake valve group 14, a hydraulic disc brake, a ratchet control cylinder 22, a reducer brake, a ratchet stopper 9, an encoder 20, a brake ratchet 8, a reel 1, a brake disc 4, a deceleration drive mechanism 10, and a frequency conversion motor 24.

[0040] The reel 1, variable frequency motor 24, ratchet control cylinder 22, ratchet stop 9, and hydraulic disc brake are mounted on a common base 25. An encoder 20, brake ratchet 8, and brake disc 4 are positioned on either side of the reel 1. A reduction drive mechanism 10 is mounted within the reel 1 and includes a reducer brake. Each oil circuit is connected by a detachable hose or steel pipe. The reel 1 includes a cylindrical winding drum 5, around which a steel cable is wound. The winding drum 5 rotates to control the reeling or unwinding of the cable. A first disc 6 and a second disc 7 are positioned at each end of the reel 5, respectively. These discs limit the position of the wound steel cable and create a space for the cable to wind. In this embodiment, the first disc 6 is provided with a brake disc 4, and the second disc 7 is provided with a brake ratchet 8.

[0041] The core of this solution is the electric proportional pressure reducing valve 21 installed in the brake valve group 14, such as Figure 2 As shown, its working principle is to utilize the characteristic that the outlet pressure of the proportional pressure reducing valve 21 is proportional to the input voltage; by controlling the voltage of the proportional pressure reducing valve 21, the pressure of the hydraulic caliper 3 inside the hydraulic disc brake is changed; thereby changing the stroke of the compression disc spring and controlling the clamping force of the hydraulic disc brake. A travel switch 18 for detecting its moving stroke is provided on the side of the hydraulic caliper 3. When the disc spring in the hydraulic caliper 3 moves to the two ends of the stroke, different control signals are respectively issued, and the other brakes are linked to act in sequence.

[0042] The working principle of the above scheme is:

[0043] Before starting work, unlock the ratchet stop brake. Figure 2 As shown, the Y2 plug of the corresponding electromagnetic reversing valve Y2 valve group 16 is energized, causing the valve core to move left, and the P port of the Y2 valve group 16 is connected to the A port. The hydraulic oil enters the rodless chamber of the ratchet control cylinder 22 from the A port of the Y2 valve group 16, and the cylinder piston rod extends, driving the ratchet stopper 9 to rotate around its own axis and disengage from the brake ratchet 8, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 shown.

[0044] When starting work, the PY plug of the electric proportional pressure reducing valve 21 inputs 24V voltage and outputs the highest pressure to the P port of the corresponding electromagnetic reversing valve Y1 valve group 15. The Y1 plug of the electromagnetic reversing valve Y1 valve group 15 is energized, causing the valve core to move left, and the P port of the Y1 valve group 15 is connected to the A port. The hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic caliper 3 of the hydraulic disc brake from the A port of the electromagnetic reversing valve Y1 valve group 15. The hydraulic oil pushes the piston of the hydraulic caliper 3 to further compress the disc spring, and the braking torque decreases until it is eliminated. When it moves to the end of the stroke, one end of the travel switch 18 is triggered and a feedback signal is sent; it can be understood that the electric proportional pressure reducing valve 21 can also be used to control the speed of the reel 1 during normal winding and unwinding, that is, when different voltages of 0~24V are input, the braking force of the hydraulic caliper 3 also changes accordingly, thereby controlling the force of clamping the brake disc 4, and then controlling the speed of the reel 1.

[0045] After the hydraulic disc brake is fully opened, the built-in travel switch 18 sends a signal, and the PLC program automatically controls the Y3 plug of the Y3 valve group 17 corresponding to the deceleration brake cylinder 11 in the deceleration drive mechanism 10 to be energized, so that the valve core of the electromagnetic reversing valve Y3 valve group 17 moves to the left, and the P port of the Y3 valve group 17 is connected to the A port. The hydraulic oil enters the deceleration brake cylinder 11 of the reducer brake from the A port of the Y3 valve group 17, and the reducer brake is opened; at this time, the reel 1 can rotate freely in any direction.

[0046] At the end of the work, first: the drive motor slowly decelerates. When the encoder 20 recognizes that the speed is lower than the allowable value, the Y3 plug of the electromagnetic reversing valve Y3 valve group 17 loses power, causing the valve core of the Y3 valve group 17 to return to its position, and the T port of the Y3 valve group 17 is connected to the A port. The hydraulic oil returns to the oil tank 12 from the T port of the electromagnetic reversing valve Y3 valve group 17, and the piston rod of the deceleration brake cylinder 11 is reset, and the reducer brake is closed; at the same time, the pressure switch 19 detects that the pressure in the deceleration brake cylinder 11 is lower than a certain threshold and sends a signal to trigger the Y1 valve group 15.

[0047] Specifically, pressure switch 19 detects a signal indicating a loss of pressure in deceleration brake cylinder 11, confirming that the reducer brake is fully closed. The PLC program automatically de-energizes the Y1 plug of the Y1 valve block 15 of the solenoid reversing valve, causing the hydraulic disc brake to begin closing. Once fully closed, the built-in travel switch 18 sends a signal, and the feedback signal from travel switch 18 controls the operation of the Y2 valve block 16. Finally, the PLC program de-energizes the Y2 plug of the Y2 valve block 16 of the solenoid reversing valve, locking the ratchet stop 9 and the brake ratchet 8, preventing the winch from rotating.

[0048] In an emergency, when the reel 1 needs to be quickly braked during operation, press the emergency stop button, and the PLC program controls the PY plug of the electric proportional pressure reducing valve 21 to input a decreasing voltage of 24V to 0V, and the disc spring in the hydraulic disc brake gradually returns to its position, and the braking torque gradually increases; until the brake disc 4 is completely clamped; when the encoder 20 detects that the speed of the reel 1 is close to zero, the PLC program automatically controls the Y1 plug of the electromagnetic reversing valve Y1 valve group 15 and the Y3 plug of the electromagnetic reversing valve Y3 valve group 17 to lose power at the same time, and then the reducer brake is closed.

[0049] The hydraulic disc brake is released hydraulically. When pressurized oil in the hydraulic pump station enters the brake cylinder through the control of the electromagnetic reversing valve in the brake valve group 14, the hydraulic oil pushes the piston to further compress the disc spring, eliminating the braking torque. When the electromagnetic reversing valve resets, the hydraulic oil returns to the oil tank 12 under the action of the spring force. At the same time, the spring force is applied to the brake disc 4 through the piston rod and the brake shoe, establishing the specified clamping force and preventing the reel 1 from rotating. This utility model has a simple structure, is economical and practical, is easy to install and maintain, and has high reliability.

[0050] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A winch brake system, comprising a drum, characterized in that: It also includes multiple sets of brake mechanisms for controlling the brakes of the reel (1), and an automatic control oil circuit (2) for controlling the opening or closing of each brake mechanism in sequence according to a predetermined logical sequence; the brake mechanisms include a hydraulic disc brake and a ratchet stop brake; The hydraulic disc brake comprises a hydraulic caliper (3) and a brake disc (4), wherein the brake disc (4) is arranged at one end of a winding drum (5), and the hydraulic caliper (3) clamps the brake disc (4) to form a friction braking force; The ratchet stop brake comprises a brake ratchet (8) and a ratchet stopper (9). The brake ratchet (8) is arranged at one end of the winding drum (5). The ratchet stopper (9) can be rotated to control the engagement or separation of the brake ratchet (8) to form a positioning for the winding drum (1).

2. A winch brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a speed reducer brake. A speed reduction drive mechanism (10) for driving the reel (1) is provided in the winding drum (5), and the speed reducer brake is provided in the speed reduction drive mechanism (10).

3. A winch brake system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The automatic control oil circuit (2) includes an oil tank (12), a motor pump group (13), and a brake valve group (14). The brake valve group (14) is integrated with electromagnetic reversing valves having the same number as the brake mechanisms. The motor pump group (13) pumps hydraulic oil from the oil tank (12) to supply oil to each electromagnetic reversing valve. The outlet end of each electromagnetic reversing valve is correspondingly connected to and controls a set of brake mechanisms.

4. A winch brake system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electromagnetic reversing valve comprises a Y1 valve group (15), a Y2 valve group (16), and a Y3 valve group (17). The Y1 valve group (15) is connected to the hydraulic caliper (3) and supplies oil thereto. The Y2 valve group (16) is connected to the ratchet control cylinder (22) and supplies oil thereto. The Y3 valve group (17) is connected to the deceleration brake cylinder (11) and supplies oil thereto.

5. A winch brake system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The travel switch (18) is further comprised. The travel switch (18) detects that the hydraulic caliper (3) moves to the end of the travel at both ends and sends a control signal. One end of the travel switch (18) sends a signal to trigger the Y2 valve group (16), and the other end sends a signal to trigger the Y3 valve group (17).

6. A winch brake system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A pressure switch (19) is provided on the pipeline from the Y3 valve group (17) to the deceleration brake cylinder (11). The pressure switch (19) detects when the pressure in the deceleration brake cylinder (11) is lower than a certain threshold and sends a signal to trigger the Y1 valve group (15); and an encoder (20) is also included. The encoder (20) is arranged at one end of the reel (1) and sends a signal to trigger the Y3 valve group (17) when the rotation speed of the reel (1) is lower than a certain threshold.

7. A winch brake system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: A proportional pressure reducing valve (21) is provided at the front end of the oil supply pipeline of the Y1 valve group (15), so that the Y1 valve group (15) provides the hydraulic caliper (3) with hydraulic oil of variable and controllable pressure to control the braking force of the hydraulic caliper (3) on the brake disc (4).

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