Vibration energy collecting and monitoring device based on friction nanometer generator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vibration energy collecting and monitoring device based on a friction nanometer generator, which comprises two friction nanometer power generation devices, an electromagnetic power generation device and a vibration energy collecting device, wherein each friction nanometer power generation device consists of a spring, a mounting plate, a negative electrode plate, a friction plate and a positive electrode plate; the electromagnetic power generation device consists of a plurality of magnets and a plurality of groups of coils; multi-angle vibration energy collection is achieved by combining the friction nanometer power generation device with the electromagnetic power generation device, the electromagnetic power generation device is used for collecting high-frequency large-amplitude vibration energy, and the friction nanometer power generation device is used for collecting low-frequency small-amplitude vibration energy. And the two are combined with a vibration energy collection device to realize the functions of broadband vibration energy collection, conversion and storage and vibration monitoring, and meanwhile, the self-power supply of the sensing system is realized, and the practicability of the device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of vibration energy harvesting, and specifically relates to a vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on a friction nanogenerator. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background art related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] By collecting vibration information, real-time monitoring of machine operation can be achieved, which is of great significance for the development of green energy and the diagnosis of machine faults. Common vibration information collection devices are mainly vibration sensors. However, traditional vibration sensors require external power, which leads to certain limitations due to factors such as wiring and battery replacement. Furthermore, traditional power supply methods, such as limited battery life and environmental pollution, also restrict their application in wireless sensor networks.

[0004] The inventors also discovered that in industrial production, the vibration energy generated by mechanical equipment during operation is often not effectively harvested, resulting in significant energy waste. Furthermore, existing electromagnetic and piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters are primarily suitable for high-frequency, large-amplitude vibrations, but are inadequate for harvesting energy from low-frequency, small-amplitude vibrations. Furthermore, these devices have limitations in terms of multi-directional energy harvesting and broadband applicability. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art and to provide a vibration energy collection and monitoring device based on a friction nanogenerator, which realizes multi-angle collection of vibration energy by combining a friction nanogenerator with an electromagnetic power generation device, wherein the electromagnetic power generation device is used to collect high-frequency and large-amplitude vibration energy, and the friction nanogenerator is used to collect low-frequency and small-amplitude vibration energy. The two are combined with the vibration energy collection device to realize the functions of broadband vibration energy collection, conversion and storage as well as vibration monitoring, while realizing self-powering of the sensing system and improving the practicality of the device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The technical solution of the present utility model provides a vibration energy collection and monitoring device based on a friction nanogenerator, comprising a shell, wherein the top wall and the bottom wall of the shell are respectively fixedly connected to a vibration spring, the other end of the vibration spring is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, and a negative electrode sheet is provided on the side of the mounting plate away from the vibration spring; a vibration energy collection device is provided between the two mounting plates; a positive electrode sheet is respectively provided on the top and the bottom of the vibration energy collection device; a friction plate is fixedly connected to the side of the positive electrode sheet away from the vibration energy collection device; a slider is fixedly connected to one side of the vibration energy collection device, and the slider is slidably connected to a guide rail; the guide rail is fixedly installed on the inner rear wall of the shell; a plurality of magnets are provided on the front wall of the shell, and the plurality of magnets are arranged in a chain manner; a plurality of groups of coils are provided on the side of the vibration energy collection device close to the front wall of the shell.

[0008] In at least one embodiment, a rectifier circuit and a capacitor are provided in the vibration energy harvesting device.

[0009] In at least one embodiment, an external magnet is provided on the left and right sides of the shell respectively; and an internal magnet is provided on the left and right sides of the vibration energy harvesting device respectively.

[0010] In at least one embodiment, the outer magnets on the same side as the inner magnets have the same poles facing each other.

[0011] In at least one embodiment, the magnet is a circular magnet.

[0012] In at least one embodiment, the plurality of circular magnets are connected by a chain arrangement, and the magnetic poles of adjacent magnets are different.

[0013] In at least one embodiment, a vibration signal acquisition and monitoring device is further provided on one side of the shell.

[0014] In at least one embodiment, the vibration signal acquisition and monitoring device is connected to the vibration energy collection device; and the vibration energy collection device supplies power to the vibration signal acquisition and monitoring device.

[0015] In at least one embodiment, the negative electrode sheet and the positive electrode sheet are both copper foil sheets.

[0016] In at least one embodiment, the friction plate is a polyvinyl chloride friction plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the above utility model are as follows:

[0018] 1) The vibration energy collection and monitoring device based on the friction nanogenerator of the utility model includes two friction nanogenerators composed of a spring, a mounting plate, a negative electrode sheet, a friction plate and a positive electrode sheet, an electromagnetic power generation device composed of multiple magnets and multiple groups of coils, and a vibration energy collection device located in the middle. The friction nanogenerator is combined with the electromagnetic power generation device to realize multi-angle collection of vibration energy, wherein the electromagnetic power generation device is used to collect high-frequency and large-amplitude vibration energy, and the friction nanogenerator is used to collect low-frequency and small-amplitude vibration energy. The two are combined with the vibration energy collection device to realize the functions of broadband vibration energy collection, conversion and storage and vibration monitoring, and at the same time realize the self-power supply of the sensing system, thereby improving the practicality of the device.

[0019] 2) This novel triboelectric nanogenerator-based vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device utilizes triboelectric nanogenerator technology to generate distinct electrical signals as sensor outputs under varying vibration conditions. These signals, based on raw acceleration data and processed vibration frequency and amplitude information, together form detailed vibration data. Analysis of this data provides a comprehensive understanding of the vibration characteristics and operating status of the measured object. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on the friction nanogenerator of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a friction nanogenerator-based vibration energy collection and monitoring device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the other side of the friction nanogenerator-based vibration energy collection and monitoring device of the utility model.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Shell; 2. First external magnet; 3. Circular magnet; 4. Coil; 5. Vibration spring; 6. Second mounting plate; 7. Second positive electrode sheet; 8. Second negative electrode sheet; 9. Second external magnet; 10. Second internal magnet; 11. Vibration energy collection device; 12. First positive electrode sheet; 13. First negative electrode sheet; 14. First mounting plate; 15. First internal magnet; 16. Slider; 17. Guide rail; 18. Vibration signal acquisition and monitoring device; 19. Second friction plate; 20. First friction plate.

[0025] In order to show the positions of various parts, the distances or sizes between them are exaggerated. The schematic diagram is for reference only. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0027] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless otherwise explicitly stated in the present invention, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "comprising" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations;

[0028] For the convenience of description, if the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" appear in the present invention, they only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of terms: The terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and so on in this utility model should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, an internal connection between two elements, or an interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] As introduced in the background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a vibration energy collection and monitoring device based on a friction nanogenerator. The friction nanogenerator is combined with an electromagnetic power generation device to realize multi-angle collection of vibration energy, wherein the electromagnetic power generation device is used to collect high-frequency and large-amplitude vibration energy, and the friction nanogenerator is used to collect low-frequency and small-amplitude vibration energy. The two are combined with the vibration energy collection device to realize the functions of broadband vibration energy collection, conversion and storage and vibration monitoring, while realizing the self-power supply of the sensing system and improving the practicality of the device.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is an energy harvesting technology based on the triboelectric effect. It generates charge through the contact and separation of materials, converting mechanical energy into electricity. Due to its low cost, ease of fabrication, and wide adaptability, it has demonstrated unique advantages in the field of vibration energy harvesting. TENG excels at harvesting low-frequency mechanical energy, and its high output voltage and power density make it suitable for powering smart devices and wireless sensors.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment discloses a vibration energy collection and monitoring device based on a friction nanogenerator, including a shell 1, a plurality of groups of vibration springs 5 ​​are fixedly connected to the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the shell 1, the other end of the vibration spring 5 is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, a negative electrode sheet is provided on the side of the mounting plate away from the vibration spring 5, a vibration energy collection device 11 is provided between the two mounting plates, a positive electrode sheet is provided on the top and the bottom of the vibration energy collection device 11, and a friction plate is fixedly connected to the side of the positive electrode sheet away from the vibration energy collection device 11.

[0034] In this embodiment, the vibration spring 5 fixedly connected to the top wall of the shell 1 is the first vibration spring, the mounting plate fixedly connected to the other end of the first vibration spring is the first mounting plate 14, and the negative electrode sheet provided on the first mounting plate 14 is the first negative electrode sheet 13. Correspondingly, the vibration spring 5 fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the shell 1 is the second vibration spring, the mounting plate fixedly connected to the other end of the second vibration spring is the second mounting plate 6, and the negative electrode sheet provided on the second mounting plate 6 is the second negative electrode sheet 8. The vibration energy harvesting device 11 is arranged between the first mounting plate 14 and the second mounting plate 6. The positive electrode sheet provided on the top of the vibration energy harvesting device 11 is the first positive electrode sheet 12, and the friction plate fixedly connected to the first positive electrode sheet 12 is the first friction plate 20. Correspondingly, the positive electrode sheet provided on the bottom of the vibration energy harvesting device 11 is the second positive electrode sheet 7, and the friction plate fixedly connected to the second positive electrode sheet 7 is the second friction plate 19.

[0035] The first vibration spring, first mounting plate 14, first negative electrode sheet 13, first friction plate 20, and first positive electrode sheet 12 together form a first triboelectric nano-generator. The second vibration spring, second mounting plate 6, second negative electrode sheet 8, second friction plate 19, and second positive electrode sheet 7 together form a second triboelectric nano-generator. In other words, this device is equipped with two triboelectric nano-generators, which are used to collect low-frequency, small-amplitude vibration energy and convert the vibration into mechanical energy after sliding friction, which is then converted into electrical energy.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first negative electrode sheet 13, the first positive electrode sheet 12, the second negative electrode sheet 8, and the second positive electrode sheet 7 are all made of rectangular copper foil. The first friction plate 20 and the second friction plate 19 are polyvinyl chloride friction plates. Negative electrode sheet mounting grooves are defined on the sides of the first mounting plate 14 and the second mounting plate 6 where the negative electrode sheet is mounted. These grooves surround the bottom edges of the mounting plates, effectively ensuring the area of ​​the negative electrode sheet. Similarly, the areas of the positive electrode sheet and the friction plate are equal to those of the negative electrode sheet and the mounting plates, respectively, effectively increasing the absorption and conversion of vibration energy.

[0037] In this embodiment, multiple circular magnets 3 are disposed on the front wall of the housing 1. These magnets 3 are connected in a chain-like arrangement, with adjacent magnets having different magnetic poles, i.e., the south and north poles of the multiple circular magnets 3 are arranged alternately. Multiple sets of coils 4 are disposed on the side of the vibration energy harvester 11 near the front wall of the housing 1. A slider 16 is fixedly connected to the side of the coil 4 away from the front wall of the housing 1. The slider 16 is slidably connected to a guide rail 17 fixedly mounted on the inner rear wall of the housing 1, allowing the vibration energy harvester 11 to slide left and right along the guide rail 17.

[0038] Multiple circular magnets 3, multiple sets of coils 4, vibration energy collection device 11, slider 16 and guide rail 17 together constitute an electromagnetic power generation device, which is used to collect large-amplitude vibration energy, cut the magnetic lines of force through the left and right movement of the coil 4, and convert the vibration mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0039] In order to ensure that the vibration energy harvesting device 11 provided with multiple sets of coils 4 can move left and right during vibration, an external magnet is provided on the left and right sides of the shell 1, and an internal magnet is provided on the left and right sides of the vibration energy harvesting device 11, and the external magnets on the same side are opposite to the internal magnets with the same poles. In this embodiment, a first external magnet 2 is provided on the left side of the shell 1, and a second external magnet 9 is provided on the right side. A first internal magnet 15 is provided on the left side of the vibration energy harvesting device 11, and a second internal magnet 10 is provided on the right side. The first external magnet 2 and the first internal magnet 15 are opposite to each other with the same poles, and the second external magnet 9 and the second internal magnet 10 are opposite to each other with the same poles. When large-amplitude vibration occurs, due to the principle of repulsion between like-pole magnets relative to each other, the vibration energy harvesting device 11 in the middle can move left and right along the guide rail 17.

[0040] The vibration energy harvesting device 11 is provided with a rectifier circuit and a capacitor. When vibration occurs, the friction nano-power generation device and the electromagnetic power generation device convert mechanical energy into electrical signals. The rectifier circuit in the vibration energy harvesting device 11 then converts the generated AC signals into DC power and stores it in the capacitor, thereby realizing the storage of electrical energy.

[0041] A vibration signal acquisition and monitoring device 18 is provided on one side of the shell 1. The vibration signal acquisition and monitoring device 18 is connected to the vibration energy collection device 11, and the vibration energy collection device 11 supplies power to the vibration signal acquisition and monitoring device 18, so that the sensing system can provide the required electrical energy for subsequent signal processing and transmission without the need for an external power supply, thereby realizing self-powering of the sensing system, improving the practicality of the device, and enabling it to more conveniently detect the vibration state of the object under test.

[0042] In this embodiment, the specific implementation process of the vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on the triboelectric nanogenerator is as follows:

[0043] The device is installed vertically on the object to be measured. When the object to be measured vibrates, the spring in the friction nano-power generation device in the device will deform, causing the negative electrode sheet on the mounting plate to periodically contact and separate with the polyvinyl chloride friction plate.

[0044] When the PVC friction plate comes into contact with the electrode material, electron transfer occurs due to the difference in electron affinity between the two materials. Electrons are transferred from the less electronegative material to the surface of the more electronegative material, resulting in electron accumulation on the PVC friction plate. When the negative electrode plate is in full contact with the PVC friction plate, the potential on the material surface reaches equilibrium, and no electrons flow in the external circuit. Due to electrostatic induction, the positive electrode plate on the back of the PVC friction plate will induce a different charge.

[0045] During the separation of the PVC friction plate from the negative electrode sheet, the original potential balance is disrupted, resulting in a potential difference between the two electrodes. To balance this electric field, electrons in the external circuit flow, creating an opposite potential difference, which in turn generates a current in the external circuit. The rectifier circuit in the vibration energy harvester 11 converts the generated AC signal into DC power and stores it in a capacitor, converting the mechanical energy from the vibration into electrical energy after sliding friction, thereby achieving the collection, conversion, and storage of low-frequency, small-amplitude vibration energy.

[0046] When the vibration is too large, the magnets on the left and right sides of the device will repel each other due to the principle of like charges repelling each other, and the vibration energy collection device 11 in the middle will move left and right along the guide rail 17, and the coil 4 in the middle part will cut the magnetic lines of force. The rectifier circuit in the vibration energy collection device 11 will convert the generated AC signal into DC power and store it in the capacitor, realizing the conversion of the mechanical energy of the vibration into electrical energy, and then realizing the collection, conversion and storage of high-frequency and large-amplitude vibration energy.

[0047] This vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device utilizes triboelectric nanogenerator technology to generate distinct electrical signals as sensor outputs under varying vibration conditions. These signals, based on raw acceleration data and processed vibration frequency and amplitude information, together form detailed vibration data. Analysis of this data provides a comprehensive understanding of the vibration characteristics and operating status of the measured object.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator, characterized in that: It includes a shell, wherein the top wall and the bottom wall of the shell are respectively fixedly connected to a vibration spring, the other end of the vibration spring is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, and a negative electrode sheet is provided on the side of the mounting plate away from the vibration spring; a vibration energy collection device is provided between the two mounting plates; a positive electrode sheet is respectively provided on the top and bottom of the vibration energy collection device; a friction plate is fixedly connected to the side of the positive electrode sheet away from the vibration energy collection device; a slider is fixedly connected to one side of the vibration energy collection device, and the slider is slidably connected to a guide rail; the guide rail is fixedly installed on the inner rear wall of the shell; a plurality of magnets are provided on the front wall of the shell, and the plurality of magnets are arranged in a chain shape; a plurality of groups of coils are provided on the side of the vibration energy collection device close to the front wall of the shell.

2. The vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on the triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration energy collection device is provided with a rectifier circuit and a capacitor.

3. The vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on the triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: An external magnet is respectively provided on the left and right sides of the shell; and an internal magnet is respectively provided on the left and right sides of the vibration energy collection device.

4. The vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on the triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer magnets are on the same side as the inner magnets with the same poles facing each other.

5. The vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on the triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnet is a circular magnet.

6. The vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on the triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: Multiple circular magnets are connected in a chain arrangement, and the magnetic poles of adjacent magnets are different.

7. The vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on the triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vibration signal collection and monitoring device is also provided on one side of the shell.

8. The vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on the triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vibration signal acquisition and monitoring device is connected to the vibration energy collection device; the vibration energy collection device supplies power to the vibration signal acquisition and monitoring device.

9. The vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative electrode sheet and the positive electrode sheet are both copper foil sheets.

10. The vibration energy harvesting and monitoring device based on the triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction plate is a polyvinyl chloride friction plate.

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