Cutter for machining ring groove structure and machining center

Abstract

The utility model provides a cutter and a machining center for machining a ring groove structure, the cutter for machining the ring groove structure comprises a cutter bar and a cutting end head, the cutting end head is connected to one end of the cutter bar and is obliquely arranged towards the direction close to the cutter bar, the cutting end head is provided with a first side face, a cutting face and a second side face, the cutting face is arranged on the side, away from the cutter bar, of the cutting end and is opposite to a workpiece to be machined so as to be matched with the workpiece in a cutting mode, the first side face and the second side face are arranged on the two sides of the extending direction of the cutting face respectively, a chip groove is formed in the second side face, the cutting face comprises a first inclined face, and the first inclined face is provided with a second inclined face. The side, away from the second side face, of the first inclined face is obliquely arranged in the direction away from the workpiece, and therefore generated cuttings can be discharged through the chip discharging groove in time, the chip discharging capacity is improved, meanwhile, the contact area of a tool and the workpiece is reduced, and the adverse effect of the cuttings on the quality of the workpiece is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lathe tools, in particular to a tool and a machining center for machining annular groove structures. Background Art

[0002] The interior of an aircraft casing features complex, irregularly shaped, thin-walled surfaces with multiple cavities and oil tubes. This creates extremely demanding aerodynamic requirements. Furthermore, aircraft casings feature a high degree of component integration, numerous machining features, and annular grooves with interfering structures surrounding them, requiring high-precision tolerances, positioning, and roughness. This places stringent demands on the casing's internal quality, surface finish, and dimensional accuracy. The manufacturing of aircraft casings is unparalleled in the industry.

[0003] When machining aircraft casings, cutting tools are required to form structures such as holes and annular grooves. During the annular groove machining process, continuous chips are generated. These chips are difficult to remove and separate from the cutting tool, causing them to accumulate on the tool, causing severe wear and even breakage, reducing the tool's service life. Furthermore, the accumulated chips can adversely affect the workpiece surface. Consequently, the generation of chips can affect the defective machining rate, often requiring machine downtime for cleaning and increasing the number of tool changes, resulting in high costs and low production efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention is dedicated to providing a tool and a machining center for machining annular groove structures to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a tool and a machining center for machining an annular groove structure, which can discharge chips in time through the chip groove, thereby ensuring the working efficiency and service life of the tool. The setting of the first inclined surface can reduce the adverse effect of chips on the workpiece to be machined, thereby ensuring the machining quality of the workpiece.

[0006] The technical solutions provided by this utility model are as follows:

[0007] A tool for machining an annular groove structure comprises a tool rod and a cutting end head. The cutting end head is connected to one end of the tool rod and is tilted toward a direction close to the tool rod.

[0008] The cutting end head has a first side surface, a cutting surface and a second side surface. The cutting surface is arranged on the side of the cutting end head away from the tool rod. The cutting surface is arranged opposite to the workpiece to be processed and is suitable for cutting with the workpiece. The first side surface and the second side surface are respectively arranged on both sides of the extension direction of the cutting surface, and a chip groove is provided on the second side surface.

[0009] The cutting surface includes a first inclined surface, and a side of the first inclined surface away from the second side surface is inclined in a direction away from the workpiece.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cutting surface further includes a second bevel, wherein the second bevel is used to connect the first bevel and the second side surface, and a side of the first bevel away from the second bevel is connected to the first side surface.

[0011] The second inclined surface is tilted away from the second side surface and is arranged in a direction away from the workpiece.

[0012] In some embodiments, the chip groove is located at an edge of the second side surface and is provided along a portion of the edge of the second side surface.

[0013] A side of the second inclined surface away from the first inclined surface intersects with a groove edge of the chip removal groove.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cross section of the chip flute is arc-shaped.

[0015] The portion of the chip flute relative to the second inclined surface is configured as a cutting segment. The angle between the tangent of the cutting segment on the side close to the second inclined surface and the second side surface is a front clearance angle C. The angle between the tangent of the cutting segment on the side away from the second inclined surface and the second side surface is a back clearance angle D. The front clearance angle C and the back clearance angle D satisfy the following conditions:

[0016] 20°<C<21.5°, 29°<D<30.5°.

[0017] In some embodiments, the angle between the first inclined surface and the second side surface is A, and 73°<A<77°, and the angle between the second inclined surface and the second side surface is B, and 83°<B<87°.

[0018] In some embodiments, the length of the second inclined surface is much smaller than the length of the first inclined surface.

[0019] In some embodiments, the tool rod includes a tool handle and a connecting section, the connecting section is arranged at one end of the tool handle, and the cutting head is arranged at an end of the connecting section away from the tool handle.

[0020] A side of the connecting section close to the workpiece is provided with an avoidance groove.

[0021] In some embodiments, the avoidance groove is arranged to be inclined toward a direction away from the cutting end near a groove edge of the tool handle.

[0022] A machining center, comprising any one of the above-mentioned cutting tools for machining annular groove structures, further comprising:

[0023] A table is provided with a positioning assembly that matches the workpiece to be processed so as to mount the workpiece on the table.

[0024] A power mechanism is arranged above the table and connected to an end of the tool rod away from the cutting end.

[0025] In some embodiments, the power mechanism includes a flat disc and a connecting block, the flat disc is rotated by driving a servo motor, the connecting block is vertically arranged at one end of the flat disc close to the table, and the knife rod is arranged on a side of the connecting block away from the flat disc;

[0026] The positioning assembly includes a zero-point locator base, a zero-point locator tray, a locking piece and a mounting seat matching the workpiece. The zero-point locator is installed and fixed on the table top. The workpiece is installed in the mounting seat through the locking piece. The zero-point locator tray is arranged on the lower end surface of the mounting seat and is suitable for connecting and cooperating with the zero-point locator base.

[0027] The tool and machining center for machining annular groove structures provided by the utility model have the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The utility model provides a tool and a machining center for machining an annular groove structure. The tool designed by the utility model can discharge most of the chips generated by the tool during the machining of the annular groove through the chip removal groove, thereby improving the chip removal capacity and reducing the possibility of tool breakage caused by chips stuck in the annular groove, thereby increasing the service life of the tool and reducing the number of tool replacements, thereby greatly improving work efficiency. Moreover, the setting of the first inclined surface can reduce the contact area between the tool and the workpiece, thereby reducing the adverse effect of chips on the workpiece surface during machining and ensuring the machining quality of the workpiece.

[0029] 2. The utility model provides a tool and a machining center for machining an annular groove structure, wherein the cutting surface also includes a second bevel. The setting of the second bevel can improve the impact resistance and stability of the tool.

[0030] 3. The utility model provides a tool and a machining center for processing an annular groove structure. The second inclined surface is arranged to intersect with a groove edge of the chip groove on a side away from the first inclined surface, which can form a blade portion. When the tool processes the workpiece, the blade portion plays the main role in cutting the workpiece. Most of the chips generated can directly enter the chip groove and be discharged, reducing the flow distance of the chips and further improving the chip removal effect of the tool.

[0031] 4. The utility model provides a tool and a machining center for machining annular groove structures. The setting of the front clearance angle C can improve the sharpness of the blade, so that the cutting end can cut out a high-requirement surface roughness. The setting of the rear clearance angle D facilitates the rapid discharge of chips and avoids chips from wrapping around the tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The preferred implementation scheme will be described below in a clear and understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of this solution.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a tool for machining an annular groove structure provided by the utility model;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the cutting end provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a front view of a tool for machining an annular groove structure provided by the utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a side view of a tool for machining an annular groove structure provided by the utility model;

[0037] Figure 5 The utility model provides a tool for machining annular groove structure. Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along EE;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a partial structural diagram of a machining center provided by the utility model.

[0039] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0040] Tool bar 1, tool handle 11, connecting section 12, avoidance groove 121;

[0041] Cutting tip 2, first side surface 21, cutting surface 22, first bevel 221, second side surface 222, second side surface 23, blade portion 24, chip groove 25, cutting segment 251;

[0042] Flat rotating disk 31 , connecting block 32 , zero point locator tray 33 , mounting seat 34 , workpiece 35 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive work.

[0044] To simplify the drawings, only the parts relevant to the present invention are schematically shown in each figure. They do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of the components with the same structure or function is schematically depicted or labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one" but also "more than one."

[0045] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0046] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0047] In one embodiment, a tool for machining an annular groove structure is described. When the tool is working, continuous chips are generated, which can slide into the chip groove 25, thereby reducing the adverse effects of continuous chips on the cutting effect of the cutting end 2, preventing chips from being squeezed and accumulated, and reducing the contact area between the tool and the workpiece when working, thereby reducing the adverse effects of chips on the workpiece surface (the chips are squeezed on the workpiece 35 by the action of the cutting end 2, squeezing the workpiece 35 and affecting the outer surface of the workpiece 35).

[0048] Specifically, see the accompanying drawings Figures 1 to 5A tool for machining annular groove structures includes a tool bar 1 and a cutting end 2. The cutting end 2 is arranged at one end of the tool bar 1, and the cutting end 2 is tilted upward, that is, the end of the cutting end 2 away from the tool bar 1 is tilted toward the direction close to the tool bar 1. The cutting end 2 has a first side surface 21, a cutting surface 22, and a second side surface 23. The first side surface 21, the cutting surface 22, and the second side surface 23 are connected in sequence, and the first side surface 21 and the second side surface 23 are respectively arranged on both sides of the extension direction of the cutting surface 22. The cutting surface 22 is arranged on the side of the cutting end 2 away from the tool bar 1. When the tool is machining a workpiece 35 to be machined, the cutting surface 22 is arranged relative to the workpiece 35 for cutting cooperation with the workpiece 35 to be machined.

[0049] Correspondingly, a chip groove 25 is provided on the second side surface 23, and the chip groove 25 is used to receive the chips cut by the tool when the tool processes the workpiece 35. The cutting surface 22 has a first bevel 221, and the first bevel 221 is tilted in a direction away from the workpiece 35 on the side away from the second side surface 23. It can be understood that when the tool provided in this embodiment is rotated along the workpiece 35 to be processed, the second side surface 23 is located in the forward direction of the first side surface 21. On the one hand, most of the chips generated by the cutting end 2 can be discharged along the chip groove 25, reducing the obstruction of the tool by the chips, thereby ensuring the sharpness and processing accuracy of the tool and reducing the number of tool replacements. On the other hand, the tilted setting of the first bevel 221 reduces the contact area between the cutting end 2 and the workpiece 35, reducing the damage to the workpiece 35 caused by the other part of the chips that have not entered the chip groove 25 when they come into contact with the cutting surface 22.

[0050] In one embodiment, see the accompanying drawings Figures 2 to 5 This embodiment further describes the cutting surface 22. The cutting surface 22 further includes a second bevel 222, which connects the first bevel 221 and the second side surface 23. The side of the first bevel 221 away from the second bevel 222 is connected to the first side surface 21. In other words, the first side surface 21, the first bevel 221, the second bevel 222, and the second side surface 23 are sequentially connected. Accordingly, the side of the second bevel 222 away from the second side surface 23 is inclined toward the direction away from the workpiece 35.

[0051] It can be understood that the setting of the first bevel 221 and the second bevel 222 can enhance the strength of the end of the cutting head 2, especially the part of the cutting head 2 that is subjected to the greatest force during the cutting process of the workpiece 35, thereby enhancing the impact resistance and stability of the tool.

[0052] Furthermore, the chip groove 25 is located at the edge of the second side surface 23 and is provided along a portion of the edge of the second side surface 23. Accordingly, the side of the second inclined surface 222 away from the first inclined surface 221 intersects with a groove edge of the chip groove 25 (the groove edge of the chip groove 25 close to the second inclined surface 222), thereby forming a cutting edge portion 24 at the intersection of the second inclined surface 222 and the second side surface 23.

[0053] It can be understood that the cutting end 2 provided in this embodiment forms a blade portion 24 through the intersection of the second bevel 222 and the second side surface 23, the second bevel 222 is set at an angle, and the second bevel 222 is set to intersect with the chip groove 25. While ensuring the sharpness of the blade portion 24, most of the chips generated when the tool processes the workpiece 35 can directly enter the chip groove 25 and then be discharged through the chip groove 25, reducing the movement and formation of chips and improving the chip removal effect.

[0054] Preferably, the cross-section of the chip flute 25 is arc-shaped. The portion of the chip flute 25 facing the second bevel 222 is configured as a cutting segment 251. The angle between the tangent of the cutting segment 251 on the side closest to the second bevel 222 and the second side surface 23 is a front clearance angle A. The front clearance angle A satisfies the following condition: 20° < A < 21.5°, ensuring that the cutting edge 24 of the tool is sufficiently sharp and capable of cutting a high surface roughness.

[0055] Accordingly, the angle between the tangent line of the cutting segment 251 on the side away from the second bevel 222 and the second side surface 23 is the back clearance angle B. The back clearance angle B satisfies the following condition: 29° < B < 30.5°, which facilitates the rapid discharge of cutting chips from the chip flute 25. Generally speaking, in actual production applications, the front clearance angle A is set to 21° and the back clearance angle B is set to 30°. Of course, the actual values ​​can be set according to the specific structure of the cutting tip 2, which will not be described here one by one, and are all within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0056] In one embodiment, see the accompanying drawings Figure 5 This embodiment further describes the cutting surface 22. The angle between the first bevel 221 and the second side surface 23 is C, and 73° < C < 77°. This reduces the contact area between the cutting tip 2 and the workpiece 35, and reduces damage to the workpiece 35 caused by the chips that do not enter the chip flute 25 and contact the cutting surface 22. The angle between the second bevel 222 and the second side surface 23 is D, and 83° < D < 87°, to ensure the impact resistance of the blade portion 24. Generally speaking, the angle C between the first bevel 221 and the second side surface 23 is set to 15°, and the angle D between the second bevel 222 and the second side surface 23 is set to 5°.

[0057] Furthermore, the length of the second inclined surface 222 is much smaller than the length of the first inclined surface 221 .

[0058] In one embodiment, see the accompanying drawings Figure 1 This embodiment further describes the tool shank 1. The tool shank 1 includes a handle 11 and a connecting section 12. The connecting section 12 is disposed at one end of the handle 11, and the cutting head 2 is disposed at the end of the connecting section 12 away from the handle 11. A relief groove 121 is provided on the side of the connecting section 12 that is closest to the workpiece 35. The side of the relief groove 121 that is closest to the handle 11 is tilted away from the cutting head 2.

[0059] In addition, the second side surface 23 is a plane, and the end of the second side surface 23 away from the first inclined surface 221 is inclined toward the direction away from the second side surface 23. The cutting surface 22 is trumpet-shaped and gradually expands in the direction from the first side surface 21 to the second side surface 23 to increase the length of the blade portion 24.

[0060] In one embodiment, see the accompanying drawings Figure 6 This embodiment provides a machining center, comprising any of the aforementioned cutting tools for machining annular groove structures, a table, and a power mechanism. The table is provided with a positioning assembly adapted to cooperate with a workpiece 35 to be machined, thereby securing the workpiece 35 to the table and allowing the workpiece to be stably machined by the cutting tool. The power mechanism is disposed above the table and is connected to a cutting tool for machining annular groove structures, specifically, to the end of the tool bar 1 distal from the cutting end 2, thereby driving the tool to machine the workpiece 35.

[0061] Specifically, the power mechanism includes a flat disc 31 and a connecting block 32. The flat disc 31 is rotated by the machining center's drive servo motor. The connecting block 32 is vertically mounted on the end of the flat disc 31 closest to the tabletop. The end of the tool bar 1, distal to the cutting head 2, is connected to the side of the connecting block 32 that is distal to the flat disc 31. Accordingly, the connecting block 32 is positioned a certain distance perpendicular to the flat disc 31, and the tool is mounted on the end of the connecting block 32 distal to the flat disc 31, enabling the flat disc 31 to drive the tool's rotation and form the annular groove structure.

[0062] In addition, the positioning assembly includes a zero-point locator base, a zero-point locator tray 33, a locking member, and a mounting base 34. The mounting base 34 is provided with a mounting groove that matches the workpiece to be processed, so that the workpiece 35 is placed on the mounting base 34, and the locking member is used to connect and fix the workpiece 35 to the mounting base 34. The zero-point locator base is mounted and fixed on the table. The zero-point locator tray 33 is set on the lower end surface of the mounting base 34 and is suitable for connecting and cooperating with the zero-point locator base to achieve the connection and fixation of the zero-point locator tray 33 and the zero-point locator base, thereby mounting the workpiece 35 on the table.

[0063] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool for machining annular groove structure, characterized in that: The cutting end is connected to one end of the cutter bar, and the cutting end is tilted away from the end of the cutter bar toward the cutter bar. The cutting end head has a first side surface, a cutting surface, and a second side surface. The cutting surface is arranged on a side of the cutting end head away from the tool bar. The cutting surface is arranged opposite to the workpiece to be processed and is suitable for cutting with the workpiece. The first side surface and the second side surface are respectively arranged on both sides of the extending direction of the cutting surface, and a chip removal groove is provided on the second side surface. The cutting surface includes a first inclined surface, and a side of the first inclined surface away from the second side surface is inclined in a direction away from the workpiece.

2. A tool for machining annular groove structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting surface further includes a second bevel, the second bevel being used to connect the first bevel and the second side surface, and a side of the first bevel away from the second bevel being connected to the first side surface; The second inclined surface is tilted away from the second side surface and is arranged in a direction away from the workpiece.

3. A tool for machining annular groove structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chip removal groove is located at the edge of the second side surface and is arranged along a portion of the edge of the second side surface; A side of the second bevel away from the first bevel intersects with a groove edge of the chip removal groove, so as to form a cutting edge portion at the intersection of the second bevel and the second side surface.

4. A tool for machining annular groove structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the chip removal groove is arc-shaped; The portion of the chip groove relative to the second inclined surface is configured as a cutting segment. The angle between the tangent of the cutting segment on the side close to the second inclined surface and the second side surface is a front clearance angle A. The angle between the tangent of the cutting segment on the side away from the second inclined surface and the second side surface is a back clearance angle B. The front clearance angle A and the back clearance angle B satisfy the following conditions: 20°<A<21.5°, 29°<B<30.5°.

5. A tool for machining annular groove structure according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: An angle between the first inclined surface and the second side surface is C, and 73°<C<77°; an angle between the second inclined surface and the second side surface is D, and 83°<D<87°.

6. A tool for machining annular groove structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The length of the second inclined surface is much smaller than the length of the first inclined surface.

7. The tool for machining annular groove structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool bar comprises a tool handle and a connecting section, wherein the connecting section is arranged at one end of the tool handle, and the cutting end is arranged at an end of the connecting section away from the tool handle; A side of the connecting section close to the workpiece is provided with an avoidance groove.

8. The tool for machining annular groove structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The avoidance groove is arranged with a groove edge close to the tool handle tilted toward a direction away from the cutting end head.

9. A machining center, characterized in that: A tool for machining an annular groove structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising: A table, on which a positioning assembly is provided for cooperating with the workpiece to be processed so as to mount the workpiece on the table; A power mechanism is arranged above the table and connected to an end of the tool rod away from the cutting end.

10. A machining center according to claim 9, characterized in that: The power mechanism includes a flat rotating disk and a connecting block. The flat rotating disk is rotated by driving a servo motor. The connecting block is vertically arranged at one end of the flat rotating disk close to the table. The knife bar is arranged on a side of the connecting block away from the flat rotating disk. The positioning assembly includes a zero-point locator base, a zero-point locator tray, a locking piece and a mounting seat matching the workpiece. The zero-point locator base is installed and fixed on the table top, and the workpiece is installed in the mounting seat through the locking piece. The zero-point locator tray is arranged on the lower end surface of the mounting seat and is suitable for connecting and cooperating with the zero-point locator base.

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