Anchor rod device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anchor rod device which comprises a screw rod, a pressure bearing plate and a prestress adjusting assembly are sequentially installed on the outer surface of the screw rod, and the prestress adjusting assembly is located on the side, away from a face to be supported, of the pressure bearing plate. The prestress adjusting assembly comprises a fixing base and a supporting cylinder, and the fixing base is installed on the outer surface of the screw in a threaded mode. The supporting cylinder is arranged on the outer surface of the screw in a sleeving mode, the supporting cylinder is installed between the fixing base and the bearing plate through an elastic piece, and the supporting cylinder exerts prestress on the bearing plate through the elastic piece; in the using process, the fixing base is rotated to enable the supporting cylinder to abut against the bearing plate through the elastic piece, then the pre-tightening force is adjusted according to the actual requirement of site construction, and therefore the hole of the tunnel surrounding rock can be expanded along with the increase of ground stress in the expanding construction process. And the bearing plate can bear pressure for the second time under the action of the pre-tightening force of the elastic piece, so that the buffering effect on the bearing plate is achieved, and potential safety hazards caused by breakage of the bearing plate are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an anchor rod device, belonging to the technical field of tunnel support. Background Art

[0002] During the tunnel construction process, the original three-dimensional stress stable state of the rock mass is broken after the tunnel is excavated, resulting in the release of ground stress into the free space, and the deformation, movement and damage of the tunnel surrounding rock. In order to ensure safe construction and production, anchor rods are generally supported on the tunnel surrounding rock to stabilize the ground stress; for example, the existing publication number CN215332936U discloses an anchor rod device, which includes an anchor rod body, a blind hole is opened at the end of the anchor rod body, and a connecting hole passing through the blind hole is opened on the peripheral wall, and an insertion rod is inserted into the connecting hole. The insertion rod is driven by an actuator structure to move radially outward along the connecting hole, so as to be inserted into the surrounding rock in the support and interact with the drill hole surrounding rock, so that it is difficult for the drill rod device to slip out of the drill hole, and its anti-slip effect is good.

[0003] However, as the tunnel surrounding rock expands, the ground stress gradually increases, and the existing anchor rods are unable to provide the corresponding prestress to the support pad according to construction requirements. As a result, the support pad breaks during the tunnel surrounding rock expansion construction due to the inability to bear secondary pressure, posing a safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide an anchor device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] An anchor device comprises a screw rod, wherein a pressure plate and a prestressing adjustment component are sequentially mounted on the outer surface of the screw rod, and the prestressing adjustment component is located on a side of the pressure plate away from a surface to be supported;

[0006] The prestressing adjustment component includes:

[0007] a fixing seat, the fixing seat being threadedly mounted on the outer surface of the screw;

[0008] A support tube is sleeved on the outer surface of the screw rod, and the support tube is installed between the fixing seat and the pressure plate through an elastic member, and the support tube applies prestress to the pressure plate through the elastic member.

[0009] Optionally, the elastic member includes:

[0010] a plurality of pressure-bearing springs, each of which is disposed between the opposing surfaces of the support tube and the fixing seat; a plurality of annular grooves are respectively disposed on the opposing surfaces of the support tube and the fixing seat; the number and shape of the annular grooves respectively correspond to the pressure-bearing springs; and two ends of the pressure-bearing spring respectively extend into two adjacent annular grooves;

[0011] A steel ball is provided inside each of the pressure springs, and arc-shaped mounting portions are provided on the opposing surfaces of the support tube and the fixing seat, and the steel balls are vertically mounted in two adjacent arc-shaped mounting portions;

[0012] When the pressure spring is in an uncompressed state, a gap is left between the steel ball and one of the arc-shaped mounting portions.

[0013] Optionally, the support tube is provided with a connecting portion at one end close to the fixing seat, the connecting portion is sleeved on the outside of the fixing seat, and at least two sets of limiting components are symmetrically provided at one end of the connecting portion away from the support tube, the limiting components including:

[0014] An installation groove is provided on the inner side wall of the connecting part, and a limiting block is provided in the installation groove. One end of the limiting block extends to the outside of the installation groove and is provided with an extrusion portion, and the extrusion portion abuts against the end of the fixing seat away from the support tube. A return spring is installed at the other end of the limiting block, and the other end of the return spring is connected to the inner wall of the installation groove.

[0015] Optionally, the cross section of the extrusion portion is a right-angled trapezoid, a side of the extrusion portion close to the fixing seat is set as a parallel surface, and a side of the extrusion portion away from the fixing seat is set as an inclined surface;

[0016] The width of the extrusion portion close to the limit block is greater than the width of the end away from the limit block;

[0017] When the return spring is in an initial state, part of the inclined surface of the extrusion portion is located in the installation groove.

[0018] Optionally, a plurality of the pressure springs are evenly distributed in a rectangular or annular shape between the opposite surfaces of the support tube and the fixing seat.

[0019] Optionally, the pressure spring is a tower-shaped spring.

[0020] Optionally, a nut is provided at one end of the fixing seat away from the supporting tube, one end of the nut extends to the outside of the connecting portion, and the inner wall of the nut is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw.

[0021] Optionally, a cylindrical guide portion is provided at one end of the fixing seat close to the support tube, the outer wall of the cylindrical guide portion is sleeved on the inner wall of the support tube, and the inner wall of the cylindrical guide portion is threadedly installed on the outer surface of the screw.

[0022] Optionally, the end of the pressure plate away from the support tube is configured as a conical structure.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the utility model include:

[0024] The anchor device provided by the utility model rotates the fixing seat during use so that the fixing seat presses the support tube against the pressure plate through the elastic member, and then adjusts the size of the pre-tightening force according to the actual needs of on-site construction. When the holes in the tunnel surrounding rock are expanded during construction, as the ground stress increases, the pressure plate can be subjected to secondary pressure under the action of the pre-tightening force of the elastic member, thereby playing a buffering role for the pressure plate and avoiding safety hazards caused by the breakage of the pressure plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an anchor device of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 For this utility model Figure 1 A magnified view of point A;

[0027] Figure 3 For this utility model Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the matching structure of the fixed seat and the steel ball;

[0028] In the figure: 1. Screw; 2. Pressure plate; 3. Fixed seat; 4. Support cylinder; 5. Pressure spring; 6. Annular groove; 7. Steel ball; 8. Arc-shaped mounting portion; 9. Connecting portion; 10. Mounting groove; 11. Limit block; 12. Extrusion portion; 13. Return spring; 14. Nut; 15. Column guide portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the utility model provides an anchor device, comprising a screw rod 1, a pressure plate 2 and a prestress adjustment assembly are sequentially mounted on the outer surface of the screw rod 1, and the prestress adjustment assembly is located on the side of the pressure plate 2 away from the surface to be supported;

[0031] Among them, the prestressed stress adjustment component includes a fixed seat 3 and a support tube 4, and the fixed seat 3 is threadedly installed on the outer surface of the screw rod 1; the support tube 4 is sleeved on the outer surface of the screw rod 1, and the support tube 4 is installed between the fixed seat 3 and the pressure plate 2 through an elastic member, and the support tube 4 applies prestress to the pressure plate 2 through the elastic member; during use, the pressure plate 2 and the prestressed stress adjustment component are first installed on the screw rod 1, and then one end of the screw rod 1 is embedded in the part to be supported by the tunnel surrounding rock, so that the pressure plate 2 is supported on the tunnel surrounding rock, and the other end of the screw rod 1 is fixedly installed on the opposite side of the tunnel surrounding rock and the pressure plate 2 through the mounting base, and then the fixed seat 3 is rotated so that the fixed seat 3 presses the support tube 4 against the pressure plate 2 through the elastic member, and then the size of the preload force is adjusted according to the actual needs of the on-site construction, so that during the expansion construction of the hole in the tunnel surrounding rock, as the ground stress increases, the pressure plate 2 can be subjected to secondary pressure under the action of the preload force of the elastic member, thereby buffering the pressure plate 2 and avoiding safety hazards caused by the breakage of the pressure plate 2.

[0032] It should be noted that: in this embodiment, the mounting base can adopt a hollow telescopic steel tube, so that when the anchor rod device is in use, one end of the telescopic steel tube is threadedly installed on the screw rod 1, and the other end of the telescopic steel tube is supported or pre-buried on the other side of the tunnel surrounding rock for support; at the same time, two sets of anchor rod devices can be installed on opposite sides of the tunnel surrounding rock through the hollow telescopic steel tube for use.

[0033] Furthermore, the elastic member includes a plurality of pressure springs 5, which are respectively installed between the opposing surfaces of the support tube 4 and the fixed seat 3. A plurality of annular grooves 6 are respectively provided on the opposing surfaces of the support tube 4 and the fixed seat 3. The number and shape of the plurality of annular grooves 6 correspond to the pressure springs 5, and the two ends of the pressure spring 5 extend into two adjacent annular grooves 6 respectively; a steel ball 7 is respectively provided inside each pressure spring 5, and an arc-shaped mounting portion 8 is respectively provided on the opposing surfaces of the support tube 4 and the fixed seat 3, so that the steel ball 7 is installed in two adjacent arc-shaped mounting portions 8 along the vertical direction; when the pressure spring 5 is in an uncompressed state, a gap is left between the steel ball 7 and one of the arc-shaped mounting portions 8, so that when the fixed seat 3 rotates, the steel ball 7 can drive the support tube 4 and the pressure plate 2 to rotate relative to each other, thereby compressing or releasing the pressure spring 5, thereby achieving the function of adjusting the preload.

[0034] Furthermore, a connecting portion 9 is integrally formed at one end of the support tube 4 close to the fixed seat 3, and the connecting portion 9 is sleeved on the outside of the fixed seat 3. At least two sets of limit assemblies are symmetrically installed at the end of the connection portion 9 away from the support tube 4; wherein, the limit assembly includes a mounting groove 10 provided on the inner side wall of the connecting portion 9, a limiting block 11 is slidably installed in the mounting groove 10, one end of the limiting block 11 extends to the outside of the mounting groove 10 and is provided with an extrusion portion 12, the extrusion portion 12 abuts against the end of the fixed seat 3 away from the support tube 4, and a return spring 13 is fixedly installed on the other end of the limiting block 11, and the other end of the return spring 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove 10.

[0035] It should be noted that in this embodiment, one end of the reset spring 13 can be fixed by spot welding, and the other end can be pre-embedded and fixed by glue. At the same time, the current method of gluing the spring is already an existing technical means and will not be elaborated on here.

[0036] Specifically, before installation, the anchor device can assemble the fixing seat 3 and the support tube 4 into an integrated structure through the limiting assembly to avoid the loss of internal components, such as the pressure spring 5 or the steel ball 7; when assembling the limiting assembly, first install the pressure spring 5 and the steel ball 7 in the annular groove 6 and the arc-shaped installation portion 8 of the support tube 4 respectively, then align the fixing seat 3 with the support tube 4 and insert it into the connecting portion 9, and then press the fixing seat 3 so that the fixing seat 3 compresses the extrusion portion 12 into the installation groove 10, and at the same time makes the pressure spring 5 and the steel ball 7 The other part of 7 is installed in the annular groove 6 and the arc-shaped mounting portion 8 on the fixing seat 3 until the fixing seat 3 passes through the extrusion portion 12, so that the extrusion portion 12 pops out of the mounting groove 10 under the elastic restoring force of the reset spring 13 and abuts against the end of the fixing seat 3, thereby completing the overall assembly of the limit assembly; when the pressure spring 5 or the steel ball 7 needs to be replaced, it is only necessary to compress the extrusion portion 12 into the mounting groove 10, and the fixing seat 3 can be taken out from the connecting portion 9, and the pressure spring 5 and the steel ball 7 can be replaced.

[0037] Furthermore, the cross-section of the extrusion portion 12 is a right-angled trapezoid, the side of the extrusion portion 12 close to the fixed seat 3 is set as a parallel surface, and the side of the extrusion portion 12 away from the fixed seat 3 is set as an inclined surface; the width of the extrusion portion 12 close to the limit block 11 is greater than the width of the end away from the limit block 11; when the return spring 13 is in the initial state, part of the inclined surface of the extrusion portion 12 is located in the installation groove 10; it can ensure that the fixed seat 3 compresses the extrusion portion 12 into the installation groove 10 during the assembly process.

[0038] Furthermore, a plurality of pressure springs 5 ​​are evenly distributed in a rectangular or annular shape between the opposite surfaces of the support tube 4 and the fixing seat 3, so that the pressure plate 2 is evenly stressed.

[0039] Furthermore, the pressure spring 5 is a tower-shaped spring, which can offset the shear stress applied by the pressure plate 2 to the prestressed pressure adjustment component.

[0040] Furthermore, a nut 14 is welded to one end of the fixing seat 3 away from the support tube 4, and one end of the nut 14 extends to the outside of the connecting part 9. The inner wall of the nut 14 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw 1, so that the fixing seat 3 can be rotated by a wrench to apply pre-tightening force to the pressure plate 2.

[0041] Furthermore, a cylindrical guide portion 15 is provided at one end of the fixing seat 3 close to the support tube 4. The outer wall of the cylindrical guide portion 15 is sleeved on the inner wall of the support tube 4. The inner wall of the cylindrical guide portion 15 is threadedly installed on the outer surface of the screw 1, which can reduce the rotational wear between the support tube 4 and the screw 1 and extend the service life.

[0042] Furthermore, the end of the pressure plate 2 away from the support tube 4 is configured as a conical structure, which can support the shear stress applied by the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0043] The above descriptions are merely several embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention is disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, they are not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, who makes slight changes or modifications using the technical contents disclosed above, is equivalent to an equivalent implementation case and falls within the scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. An anchor device, characterized in that: It comprises a screw (1), the outer surface of which is sequentially mounted with a pressure plate (2) and a prestress adjustment component, wherein the prestress adjustment component is located on a side of the pressure plate (2) away from a surface to be supported; The prestressing adjustment component includes: A fixing seat (3), wherein the fixing seat (3) is threadedly mounted on the outer surface of the screw rod (1); A support cylinder (4), wherein the support cylinder (4) is sleeved on the outer surface of the screw rod (1), and the support cylinder (4) is installed between the fixing seat (3) and the pressure plate (2) through an elastic member, and the support cylinder (4) applies prestress to the pressure plate (2) through the elastic member.

2. An anchor device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member comprises: A plurality of pressure-bearing springs (5), wherein the plurality of pressure-bearing springs (5) are respectively arranged between the opposing surfaces of the support tube (4) and the fixing seat (3), and a plurality of annular grooves (6) are respectively arranged on the opposing surfaces of the support tube (4) and the fixing seat (3), wherein the number and shape of the plurality of annular grooves (6) respectively correspond to the pressure-bearing springs (5), and the two ends of the pressure-bearing springs (5) respectively extend into two adjacent annular grooves (6); A steel ball (7) is provided inside each of the pressure-bearing springs (5), and arc-shaped mounting portions (8) are provided on the opposing surfaces of the support tube (4) and the fixing seat (3), and the steel ball (7) is installed in two adjacent arc-shaped mounting portions (8) in a vertical direction; When the pressure-bearing spring (5) is in an uncompressed state, a gap is left between the steel ball (7) and one of the arc-shaped mounting portions (8).

3. An anchor rod device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support tube (4) is provided with a connecting portion (9) at one end close to the fixing seat (3), and the connecting portion (9) is sleeved on the outside of the fixing seat (3). The connecting portion (9) is symmetrically provided with at least two groups of limiting components at one end away from the support tube (4), and the limiting components include: A mounting groove (10) is provided on the inner side wall of the connecting portion (9), a limiting block (11) is provided in the mounting groove (10), one end of the limiting block (11) extends to the outside of the mounting groove (10) and is provided with an extrusion portion (12), the extrusion portion (12) abuts against the end of the fixing seat (3) away from the supporting tube (4), the other end of the limiting block (11) is provided with a return spring (13), and the other end of the return spring (13) is connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove (10).

4. An anchor rod device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the extrusion portion (12) is a right-angled trapezoid; the side of the extrusion portion (12) close to the fixing seat (3) is configured as a parallel surface; and the side of the extrusion portion (12) away from the fixing seat (3) is configured as an inclined surface; The width of the extrusion portion (12) at one end close to the limit block (11) is greater than the width of the end away from the limit block (11); When the return spring (13) is in an initial state, part of the inclined surface of the extrusion portion (12) is located in the installation groove (10).

5. The anchor rod device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of pressure-bearing springs (5) are evenly distributed in a rectangular or annular shape between the opposing surfaces of the support cylinder (4) and the fixing seat (3).

6. The anchor rod device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing spring (5) is a tower-shaped spring.

7. The anchor rod device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A nut (14) is provided at one end of the fixing seat (3) away from the supporting tube (4), one end of the nut (14) extends to the outside of the connecting portion (9), and the inner wall of the nut (14) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the screw rod (1).

8. The anchor rod device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylindrical guide portion (15) is provided at one end of the fixing seat (3) close to the support tube (4), the outer wall of the cylindrical guide portion (15) is sleeved on the inner wall of the support tube (4), and the inner wall of the cylindrical guide portion (15) is threadedly mounted on the outer surface of the screw rod (1).

9. The anchor rod device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the pressure plate (2) away from the support cylinder (4) is configured as a conical structure.

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