Forward and reverse rotation speed changing driving device of small agricultural machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machine walking driving, in particular to a small agricultural machine forward and reverse rotation speed changing driving device which improves the integration degree of a gearbox by reducing the number of gears and the number of shafts in a speed changing structure and is more beneficial to achieving miniaturization of an agricultural machine. Comprising a gearbox body, an input shaft and an output shaft are rotationally connected into the gearbox body, and a bevel gear is arranged at the end, in the gearbox body, of the input shaft; the middle of the output shaft is connected with a claw disc through a spline, clamping claws are arranged on the two sides of the claw disc, the two sides of the middle of the output shaft are rotationally connected with bevel gears through bearings, the bevel gears are meshed with the bevel gears, and the rotating directions of the two bevel gears are opposite. Grooves matched with the clamping jaws are formed in the opposite sides of the two bevel gears. A shifting fork is further arranged on the outer side of the gearbox body and used for driving the claw disc to slide on the output shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery travel drive, in particular to a miniaturized agricultural machinery forward and reverse speed change drive device. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of technology, farming methods have shifted from traditional manual labor to mechanized production. This transformation is particularly evident in agricultural equipment, exemplified by micro-tillers, ridgers, and seed drills. Due to the limited terrain and difficult working conditions, agricultural equipment is often required to be easy to operate, have sufficient power, be reliable, and be easily maintained.

[0003] Currently, most micro-agricultural machinery, such as rotary tillers, move in one direction because they need to discharge the raised soil in a fixed direction when moving forward. When reversing, the operator rotates the entire equipment to turn around. With the development of agricultural machinery technology, the problem of dust raised by reversing agricultural machinery has been solved. Based on this, agricultural machinery with forward and reverse functions has gradually become mainstream.

[0004] However, existing miniature agricultural machinery, such as a four-wheel drive agricultural machinery chassis disclosed in application number CN201721262908.5, operates the control gear in the main drive box assembly by pushing and pulling the joystick, so that the main drive box assembly and the auxiliary drive box assembly drive the left and right walking wheels forward, backward, and forward and reverse. However, for the forward and reverse rotation of this structure, it requires more transmission gears and shafts, which is heavy and is not conducive to the miniaturization of agricultural machinery. Utility Model Content

[0005] 1. Technical Problems Solved

[0006] In response to the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model proposes a miniaturized forward and reverse speed-changing drive device for agricultural machinery. By reducing the number of gears and shafts in the speed-changing structure, the integration of the gearbox is improved, which is more conducive to the miniaturization of agricultural machinery.

[0007] 2. Specific technical solutions

[0008] A miniaturized agricultural machinery forward and reverse speed drive device comprises a gearbox body, wherein an input shaft and an output shaft are rotatably connected in the gearbox body, a bevel gear is provided at the end of one end of the input shaft inside the gearbox body; the middle part of the output shaft is connected to a claw plate through a spline, claws are provided on both sides of the claw plate, two mounting bearings are provided on the output shaft, the two mounting bearings are respectively located on both sides of the claw plate, and helical gears are both provided on the mounting bearings, the helical gears are meshed with the bevel gears and the two helical gears rotate in opposite directions; grooves matching the claws are provided on the opposite sides of the two helical gears; a shift fork is also provided on the outside of the gearbox body, and the shift fork is used to drive the claw plate to slide on the output shaft.

[0009] Implementation principle and working principle:

[0010] In this solution, an input shaft is provided in the gearbox body, and a matching and opposite-direction helical gear is provided on the output shaft. When the claw plate is in the middle of the output shaft, the two helical gears idle on the output shaft. When the agricultural machinery needs to move forward or backward, it is only necessary to drive the claw plate to move axially on the output shaft through the shift fork. A keyway is provided on the claw plate, and the movement of the claw plate is achieved by matching the keyway of the claw plate with the spline of the output shaft to achieve axial movement along the output shaft, which can be matched with different helical gears to achieve forward and reverse rotation of the output shaft, thereby achieving the forward and backward movement of the agricultural machinery as a whole. Unlike the existing technology, this solution does not require too many transmission shafts and transmission gears, has a simple structure and high integration, and is conducive to the miniaturization and lightweight of the agricultural machinery gearbox body. Through the matching of the output shaft and the helical gear, the speed reduction output can be achieved, which is convenient for control.

[0011] Preferably, there are multiple claws on each side of the claw plate, and the claws are evenly spaced around the claw plate; the claws are rectangular claws, and both ends of each claw extend from the inner diameter side of the claw plate to the outer diameter side, and the claws are evenly spaced around the claw plate; the beneficial effect of this preferred embodiment is that through the cooperation of multiple claws and grooves, the connection between the claw plate and the bevel gear is more stable, and the size and position settings of the claws and grooves facilitate better combination of the claw plate and the bevel gear.

[0012] Preferably, the edge of the claw on the side that cooperates with the groove is provided with rounded corners; the side of the groove that contacts the claw is also provided with rounded corners; the beneficial effect of this preference is that the rounded corners of the claw and the groove can further facilitate the combination of the groove and the claw, reduce the impact and wear therebetween, and extend their service life.

[0013] Preferably, the helical gear is rotatably connected to both sides of the claw plate through bearings, and end covers are provided on both sides of the output shaft. The two ends of the output shaft pass through the mounting holes of the end covers, and the end covers are fixedly provided on the gearbox body; the beneficial effect of this preference is that the setting of the bearings is conducive to improving the smoothness of the rotation of the helical gear, the end covers can ensure the sealing therebetween, and can also play a dust-proof and waterproof effect.

[0014] Preferably, a fork groove that cooperates with the shift fork is provided around the middle of the claw plate; the beneficial effect of this preferred embodiment is that the claw plate cooperates with the shift fork through the fork groove, which is simple and convenient.

[0015] Preferably, a receiving hole is provided on the side of the helical gear close to the claw plate, and the diameter of the receiving hole is larger than the diameter of the outer side of the helical gear; the beneficial effect of this preference is that, through the setting of the receiving hole, the jumping error of the helical gear during rotation can be reduced, thereby reducing the collision and wear with the outer edge of the claw plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] 1. This solution does not require too many transmission shafts and transmission gears. It has a simple structure and high integration, which is conducive to the miniaturization and lightweight of agricultural machinery gearboxes. Through the cooperation of the input shaft and the helical gear, it can also achieve speed reduction output, which is easy to control.

[0018] 2. The rotation of the input shaft can be transmitted to the output shaft through the claw plate by the cooperation between the claws on the claw plate and the grooves of the helical gear. The position, size and fillet setting of the claws and the grooves can make the cooperation between the claw plate and the helical gear smooth, with less wear and longer service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is an exploded diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the claw disc structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the helical gear structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rounded corner structure of the claws in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0024] Description of reference numerals:

[0025] Gearbox body 1, end cover 101, input shaft 2, bevel gear 201, output shaft 3, spline 301, claw plate 302, claw 303, mounting bearing 304, bevel gear 305, groove 306, fillet 307, shift fork groove 308, receiving hole 309, keyway 310, shift fork 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to make the advantages and features of the present invention more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby more clearly defining the scope of protection of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] As shown in the figure:

[0028] A miniaturized agricultural machinery forward and reverse speed drive device includes a gearbox body 1, an input shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the gearbox body 1 through a bearing, wherein the output end of the input shaft 2 is an integrally formed bevel gear 201; an output shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the gearbox body 1 through a bearing, wherein a spline 301 is provided in the middle of the output shaft 3, and a rectangular keyway 310 is provided in the axial direction of the claw plate 302, and the spline 301 and the keyway 310 are matched so that the claw plate 302 and the output shaft 3 are matched, and on both sides of the output shaft 3 The helical gears 305 are rotatably connected by installing bearings 304, wherein the helical gears 305 are located on both sides of the claw plate 302; specifically, the helical gears 305 are meshed with the bevel gear 201 and the two helical gears 305 rotate in opposite directions; specifically, claws 303 are integrally formed on both sides of the claw plate 302, and grooves 306 that cooperate with the claws 303 are provided on the opposite sides of the two helical gears 304; a shift fork 4 is also provided on the outside of the gearbox body 1, wherein the shift fork 4 is used to drive the claw plate 302 to slide axially on the output shaft 3.

[0029] Basic principles:

[0030] In this solution, an input shaft 2 is provided in the gearbox body 1, and a matching and oppositely rotating bevel gear 305 is provided on the output shaft 3. When the claw plate is in the middle of the output shaft 3, the two bevel gears 305 idle on the output shaft 3. When the agricultural machinery needs to move forward or backward, it is only necessary to drive the claw plate 302 to move axially on the output shaft 3 through the shift fork 4 to achieve cooperation with different bevel gears 305, realize the forward and reverse rotation of the output shaft 3, and then realize the forward and backward movement of the agricultural machinery as a whole. Unlike the prior art, this solution does not require too many transmission shafts and transmission gears, has a simple structure and high integration, and is conducive to the miniaturization and lightweight of the agricultural machinery gearbox body. Through the cooperation of the output shaft 3 and the bevel gear 305, the speed reduction output can be achieved, which is convenient for control.

[0031] During specific implementation, in order to make the connection between the claw plate 302 and the bevel gear 305 more stable, there are multiple claws 303 on each side of the claw plate 302, and the claws 303 are evenly spaced around the claw plate 302; in this embodiment, there are specifically 4 claws 303, which are cross-arranged on the claw plate 302; wherein, the claws 303 are rectangular claws, and both ends of each claw 303 extend from the inner diameter side of the claw plate 303 to the outer diameter side, and the claws 303 are evenly spaced around the claw plate 302; through the cooperation of multiple claws 303 and grooves 306, the connection between the claw plate 302 and the bevel gear 305 is more stable, and the size and position settings of the claws 303 and the grooves 306 facilitate better combination of the claw plate 302 and the bevel gear 305.

[0032] During specific implementation, in order to reduce the wear between the claw plate 302 and the bevel gear 305, the edge of the claw 303 on the side that cooperates with the groove 306 is processed into a rounded corner 307; the side of the groove 306 that contacts the claw 303 is also processed into a rounded corner 307; through the rounded corner setting of the claw 303 and the groove 306, the combination of the groove 306 and the claw 303 can be further facilitated, the impact and wear therebetween can be reduced, and their service life can be extended; in another embodiment, the claw 303 and the groove 306 can also be rotated in the same direction so that they have a certain deflection angle (tilt angle) to facilitate their cooperation.

[0033] During implementation, the bevel gear 305 is rotatably connected to both sides of the claw plate 302, and end covers 101 are also provided on both sides of the output shaft 3. The two ends of the output shaft 3 pass through the mounting holes of the end covers 101, and the end covers 101 are fixed to the gearbox body 1 by bolts and sealing gaskets; by installing the bearing 304, it is beneficial to improve the smoothness of the rotation of the bevel gear 305, and the end covers 101 can ensure the sealing therebetween, and can also play a dustproof and waterproof effect.

[0034] Specifically, a fork groove 308 is provided around the middle of the claw plate 302 for cooperating with the fork 4; the claw plate 302 cooperates with the fork 4 through the fork groove 308, and the claw plate 302 can be simply and conveniently moved to cooperate with different bevel gears 305, making the forward and backward operations more convenient; the bevel gear 305 is provided with a receiving hole 309 on the side close to the claw plate 302, wherein the diameter of the receiving hole 309 is larger than the diameter of the outer side of the bevel gear 305; through the setting of the receiving hole 309, the jumping error of the bevel gear 305 when rotating can be reduced, thereby reducing the collision and wear with the outer edge of the claw plate 302.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0036] This solution eliminates the need for excessive drive shafts and gears, resulting in a simple structure and high integration, contributing to the miniaturization and lightweighting of agricultural machinery transmissions. The coordination between the input shaft 2 and the helical gear 305 also enables reduced output speed, facilitating operation. The rotation of the input shaft 2 is transmitted to the output shaft 3 through the claw plate 302 through the engagement of the claw 303 on the claw plate 302 and the groove 306 on the helical gear 305. The positioning, size, and radius of the claw 303 and groove 306 ensure smooth coordination between the claw plate 302 and the helical gear 305, minimizing wear and extending service life.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention shall be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A miniaturized forward and reverse speed-changing drive device for agricultural machinery, comprising a gearbox body (1), wherein an input shaft (2) and an output shaft (3) are rotatably connected in the gearbox body (1), and characterized in that: The input shaft (2) is provided with a bevel gear (201) at one end thereof in the gearbox body (1); a claw plate (302) is sleeved on the middle portion of the output shaft (3) via a spline (301); claws (303) are provided on both sides of the claw plate (302); two mounting bearings (304) are sleeved on the output shaft (3), the two mounting bearings (304) are respectively located on both sides of the claw plate (302); a helical gear (305) is sleeved on each of the mounting bearings (304); the helical gears (305) are meshed with the bevel gear (201), and the two helical gears (305) rotate in opposite directions; a groove (306) is provided on the opposite side of the two helical gears (305) to match the claws (303); a shift fork (4) is further provided on the outside of the gearbox body (1); the shift fork (4) is used to drive the claw plate (302) to slide on the output shaft (3).

2. The miniaturized forward and reverse speed-changing drive device for agricultural machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple claws (303) on each side of the claw plate (302), and the claws (303) are evenly spaced around the claw plate (302).

3. The miniaturized forward and reverse speed-changing drive device for agricultural machinery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The claws (303) are rectangular parallelepiped claws, and both ends of each claw (303) extend from the inner diameter side to the outer diameter side of the claw plate (302). The claws (303) are evenly spaced around the claw plate (302), and the length of the groove (306) is greater than the length of the claw (303).

4. The miniaturized forward and reverse speed-changing drive device for agricultural machinery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The edges of the claws (303) on the side that matches the groove (306) are all provided with rounded corners (307); the side of the groove (306) that contacts the claws (303) is also provided with rounded corners (307).

5. The miniaturized forward and reverse speed-changing drive device for agricultural machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The helical gear (305) is rotatably connected to both sides of the claw plate (302), and end covers (101) are provided on both sides of the output shaft (3). Both ends of the output shaft (3) pass through the mounting holes of the end covers (101), and the end covers (101) are fixedly provided on the gearbox body (1).

6. The miniaturized forward and reverse speed-changing drive device for agricultural machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shift fork groove (308) that matches the shift fork (4) is provided around the middle of the claw plate (302).

7. The miniaturized forward and reverse speed-changing drive device for agricultural machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A receiving hole (309) is provided on one side of the helical gear (305) close to the claw plate (302), and the diameter of the receiving hole (309) is larger than the diameter of the outer side of the helical gear (305).

Images