Battery pack and battery system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery pack and a battery system, and the battery pack comprises a box body which is internally provided with a containing space, the containing space is used for containing immersion liquid, the box body comprises a first end part and a second end part which are oppositely arranged, the first end part is provided with a first liquid inlet, and the second end part is provided with a first liquid outlet; the battery is arranged in the accommodating space; the liquid cooling plate is adjacent to the box body, the interior of the liquid cooling plate is used for containing cooling liquid, the liquid cooling plate comprises a third end part and a fourth end part which are oppositely arranged, the third end part is provided with a second liquid outlet, and the fourth end part is provided with a second liquid inlet; wherein the first end part is adjacent to the third end part, and the second end part is adjacent to the fourth end part. According to the battery pack, the heat dissipation effect can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack and a battery system. Background Art

[0002] In lithium-ion battery systems, thermal management technology is a key factor in ensuring battery performance and safety. Currently, battery packs primarily utilize two thermal management solutions: indirect liquid cooling and immersion cooling. Indirect liquid cooling, due to the limited contact area between the coolant and the battery cells, limits heat dissipation and makes it difficult to meet high-power charging and discharging requirements. While immersion cooling can increase the contact area between the battery and the coolant, improving temperature distribution, it also affects heat dissipation due to the lack of liquid flow. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide a battery pack and a battery system, which can improve the heat dissipation effect of the battery pack.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery pack, comprising:

[0005] a box body having a storage space therein for storing immersion liquid, the storage space comprising a first end portion and a second end portion oppositely disposed, the first end portion being provided with a first liquid inlet, and the second end portion being provided with a first liquid outlet;

[0006] a battery, disposed in the accommodation space;

[0007] a liquid cooling plate, adjacent to the box, the liquid cooling plate being used to contain cooling liquid, the liquid cooling plate comprising a third end and a fourth end oppositely disposed, the third end being provided with a second liquid outlet, and the fourth end being provided with a second liquid inlet;

[0008] The first end portion is adjacent to the third end portion, and the second end portion is adjacent to the fourth end portion.

[0009] In one embodiment, a distance between the first liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet is L1, 1 cm ≤ L1 ≤ 10 cm.

[0010] In one embodiment, a distance between the first liquid outlet and a side of the box away from the liquid cooling plate is L2, and 15 cm ≤ L2 ≤ 22 cm.

[0011] In one embodiment, the distance between the second liquid inlet and the liquid cooling plate close to the box body is L3, and the distance between the second liquid outlet and the liquid cooling plate close to the box body is L4, wherein L4≤L3, 2cm≤L4≤6cm.

[0012] In one embodiment, the height of the box is H1, the height of the liquid cooling plate is H2, and 2≤H1 / H2≤5.

[0013] In one embodiment, the length of the box is D1, the length of the liquid cooling plate is D2, and 15 cm ≤ D1 - D2 ≤ 22 cm.

[0014] In one embodiment, along the length direction of the box body, the first end portion includes a first end plate, the second end portion includes a second end plate, the first end plate and the second end plate are arranged opposite to each other, the first liquid inlet is arranged on the first end plate, and the first liquid outlet is arranged on the second end plate;

[0015] Along the length direction of the liquid cooling plate, the third end portion includes a third end plate, the fourth end portion includes a fourth end plate, the third end plate and the fourth end plate are arranged opposite to each other, the second liquid outlet is arranged on the third end plate, the second liquid inlet is arranged on the fourth end plate, the third end plate and the first end plate are located on the same side, and the second end plate and the fourth end plate are located on the same side.

[0016] In one embodiment, the flow direction of the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling plate is opposite to the flow direction of the immersion liquid in the box.

[0017] In one embodiment, the battery pack includes a plurality of the boxes and a plurality of the liquid cooling plates, and the plurality of the boxes and the plurality of the liquid cooling plates are staggered and arranged in a direction perpendicular to the thickness of the liquid cooling plates.

[0018] In one embodiment, the liquid cooling plate includes a cover plate adjacent to the box body, and the cover plate further covers and seals the accommodation space.

[0019] In one embodiment, a plurality of the boxes are adjacent to each other in sequence along the length direction of the box.

[0020] In one embodiment, along the length direction of the box, the immersion liquid in adjacent boxes flows in the same direction; along the length direction of the liquid cooling plate, the cooling liquid in adjacent liquid cooling plates flows in the same direction.

[0021] In one embodiment, each of the boxes is provided with a chamber, and along the length direction of the boxes, two adjacent boxes share a partition plate to separate the two chambers.

[0022] In one embodiment, along the thickness direction of the box body, the box body includes a first side plate close to or away from the liquid cooling plate, the portion of the first side plate located at the first end is provided with the first liquid inlet, and the portion of the first side plate located at the second end is provided with the second liquid inlet; along the length direction of the liquid cooling plate, the third end includes a third end plate, the fourth end includes a fourth end plate, the third end plate and the fourth end plate are arranged opposite to each other, the second liquid outlet is arranged on the third end plate, and the second liquid inlet is arranged on the fourth end plate.

[0023] In one embodiment, adjacent liquid cooling plates are spaced apart along the length direction of the liquid cooling plates and have a spacing space therebetween, and at least part of the first liquid inlet, the first liquid outlet, the second liquid inlet, and the second liquid outlet are exposed in the spacing space.

[0024] In one embodiment, the first liquid inlets of the plurality of boxes are interconnected; and / or

[0025] The second liquid inlets of the plurality of liquid cooling plates are connected to each other.

[0026] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a battery system, comprising a control component and a battery pack as described above, wherein the control component and the battery pack are connected.

[0027] The battery pack of the embodiment of the present application includes a case, batteries, and a liquid cooling plate. The case contains flowing immersion liquid, and the immersion liquid is in direct contact with the batteries in the case. The case has a first end and a second end that are arranged opposite to each other. The first end is provided with a first liquid inlet, and the second end is provided with a first liquid outlet. When the immersion liquid is injected into the storage space of the case through the first liquid inlet, it is at a relatively low temperature. As the immersion liquid flows in the storage space, the temperature of the immersion liquid gradually increases, and then it is discharged from the first liquid outlet. The liquid cooling plate contains flowing cooling liquid, and the liquid cooling plate is in indirect contact with the batteries.

[0028] The liquid cooling plate also has a third end and a fourth end positioned opposite each other. The third end is provided with a second liquid outlet, and the fourth end is provided with a second liquid inlet. Coolant enters the liquid cooling plate through the second liquid inlet. Upon entering the liquid cooling plate, the coolant is at a relatively low temperature. As the coolant flows through the liquid cooling plate, its temperature gradually increases before it is discharged through the second liquid outlet. The first and third ends are adjacent, and the second and fourth ends are adjacent.

[0029] Therefore, the first inlet for the immersion liquid and the second outlet for the cooling liquid are relatively close, and the first outlet for the immersion liquid and the second inlet for the cooling liquid are also relatively close. It is understandable that while the immersion liquid at the first outlet at the second end is at a higher temperature, hindering heat dissipation in the area near the second end of the housing, the second inlet, which is adjacent to the first outlet, is filled with cooler coolant, which effectively helps dissipate heat and cool the area near the second end.

[0030] Similarly, although the temperature of the coolant at the second liquid outlet of the third end is relatively high, which is not conducive to the third end of the liquid cold plate absorbing the heat of the first end of the adjacent box, the first liquid inlet close to it is injected with immersion liquid with a lower temperature. The immersion liquid with a lower temperature can effectively help the area near the first end to dissipate heat and cool down.

[0031] Therefore, for the batteries in the housing, there is always a lower-temperature cooling medium available, whether at the first or second end of the housing, to effectively cool the batteries. This embodiment carefully arranges the relative positions of the first inlet and outlet of the immersion liquid and the second inlet and outlet of the coolant, allowing the immersion liquid and coolant in the battery pack to work synergistically. This allows the batteries to be adequately cooled in different areas, ensuring a more even and effective distribution of heat generated by the batteries, reducing temperature differences across the battery surface, and preventing localized heat accumulation in the battery. This results in a more uniform temperature distribution across the entire battery, reducing the risk of battery performance degradation and lifespan reduction due to temperature differences. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the first structure of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal cross-section of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 A second structural diagram of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the battery pack from another angle;

[0036] Figure 5 A third structural schematic diagram of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack from another angle;

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 6The battery pack shown is a cross-sectional view along AA;

[0039] Figure 8 A fourth structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack from another angle;

[0041] Figure 10 for Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack shown is another angle;

[0042] Figure 11 for Figure 10 The battery pack is shown in a cross-sectional view along line BB. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0044] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0045] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structural embodiment of the battery pack provided in this application. The battery pack 10 of this embodiment combines indirect liquid cooling and immersion cooling to provide a more effective thermal management solution. The battery pack 10 includes a housing 100, batteries 200, and a liquid cooling plate 300.

[0046] The housing 100 is the outer structure of the battery pack 10 and is used to protect the internal batteries 200 and the immersion cooling system. A storage space is provided in the housing 100 for storing immersion liquid, and the immersion liquid can be in direct contact with the batteries 200 in the storage space. The housing 100 has a first end 110 and a second end 120 that are arranged opposite to each other. The first end 110 is provided with a first liquid inlet 130, and the second end 120 is provided with a first liquid outlet 140. When the immersion liquid is injected into the storage space of the housing 100 through the first liquid inlet 130, it is at a relatively low temperature. As the immersion liquid flows in the storage space, the temperature of the immersion liquid gradually increases due to the direct contact between the immersion liquid and the batteries 200, and then is discharged from the first liquid outlet 140. In this embodiment, the immersion liquid in the housing 100 is flowing, which can more effectively take away heat and improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0047] Battery 200 is the core component of battery pack 10. It is housed within the storage space and surrounded by immersion fluid. Heat generated by battery 200 during charging and discharging is effectively dissipated through the immersion fluid. The material system of battery 200 is not limited and can be a ternary lithium battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, or a lithium iron manganese phosphate battery. Battery 200 can be a prismatic battery, a cylindrical battery, a pouch cell, or other similar battery types.

[0048] The liquid cooling plate 300 is adjacent to the housing 100 and indirectly contacts the batteries 200. The liquid cooling plate 300 can be located on the side, top, or bottom of the housing 100. The figure shows the liquid cooling plate 300 located on the bottom of the housing 100. The liquid cooling plate 300 contains coolant, which flows within the cold plate 300, absorbing and removing heat transferred from the batteries 200 to the cold plate 300. The cold plate 300 also has a third end 310 and a fourth end 320 disposed opposite each other. The third end 310 is provided with a second liquid outlet 340, and the fourth end 320 is provided with a second liquid inlet 330. The coolant enters the liquid cooling plate 300 through the second liquid inlet 330 . The coolant is also at a relatively low temperature when entering the liquid cooling plate 300 . As the coolant flows in the liquid cooling plate 300 , the coolant absorbs heat transferred from the battery 200 to the liquid cooling plate 300 , and the temperature of the coolant gradually increases. The coolant is then discharged from the second liquid outlet 340 .

[0049] The first end 110 and the third end 310 are adjacent to each other, and the second end 120 and the fourth end 320 are adjacent to each other. Therefore, the first inlet 130 of the immersion liquid and the second outlet 340 of the cooling liquid are relatively close to each other, and the first outlet 140 of the immersion liquid and the second inlet 330 of the cooling liquid are also relatively close to each other. It is understandable that although the immersion liquid at the first outlet 140 of the second end 120 is at a higher temperature, which is not conducive to heat dissipation in the area near the second end 120 of the housing 100, the second inlet 330 adjacent to the second outlet 140 is filled with cooler coolant, which can effectively help dissipate heat and cool down the area near the second end 120.

[0050] Similarly, although the coolant at the second liquid outlet 340 of the third end 310 is at a higher temperature, hindering the third end 310 of the liquid cold plate 300 from absorbing heat from the adjacent first end 110 of the housing 100, the first liquid inlet 130 adjacent thereto injects a cooler immersion liquid, which effectively dissipates heat and cools the area near the first end 110. Therefore, for the batteries 200 in the housing 100, whether at the first end 110 or the second end 120 of the housing 100, there is always a cooler cooling medium available to effectively cool the batteries 200.

[0051] In this embodiment, the relative positions of the first liquid inlet 130 and the first liquid outlet 140 of the immersion liquid and the second liquid inlet 330 and the second liquid outlet 340 of the cooling liquid are carefully arranged so that the immersion liquid and the cooling liquid of the battery pack 10 can work together, and the battery 200 can be fully cooled in different areas, ensuring that the heat generated by the battery 200 is dispersed more evenly and effectively, reducing the temperature difference on the surface of the battery 200, avoiding the local accumulation of heat in the battery 200, and making the temperature distribution of the entire battery 200 more uniform, thereby reducing the risk of performance degradation and shortened life of the battery 200 due to temperature differences.

[0052] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the liquid cooling plate 300 is adjacent to the housing 100. This means that the liquid cooling plate 300 can be adjacent to any side of the housing 100. For example, the liquid cooling plate 300 can be adjacent to the top plate, bottom plate, or any other side of the housing 100. Furthermore, the housing 100 can be considered to include two ends, namely, a first end 110 and a second end 120, whether considered in terms of length, width, or height. Similarly, the liquid cooling plate 300 can be considered to include two ends, namely, a third end 310 and a fourth end 320, whether considered in terms of length, width, or height.

[0053] Please combine Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-section of the battery pack 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0054] In some embodiments, the distance between the first liquid inlet 130 and the second liquid outlet 340 is L1, which can be measured by inserting a vernier caliper into the first liquid inlet 130 and the second liquid outlet 340, respectively. Alternatively, the distance between the first liquid inlet 130 and the second liquid outlet 340 can be measured using a ruler or other measuring tool. 1 cm ≤ L1 ≤ 10 cm, and L1 can be 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm, 7 cm, 8 cm, 9 cm, 10 cm, etc. When L1 is within this range, sufficient heat exchange can be achieved between the coolant in the liquid cold plate 300 and the immersion liquid in the housing 100, thereby achieving a uniform heat distribution effect.

[0055] In some embodiments, the distance between the first liquid outlet 140 and the side of the housing 100 away from the liquid cooling plate 300 is L2. L2 is the distance between the first liquid outlet 140 and the top surface of the housing 100. L2 can be measured by inserting a vernier caliper into the first liquid outlet 140 and placing it on the top surface of the housing 100. Of course, the distance between the first liquid outlet 140 and the top surface of the housing 100 can also be measured using a ruler or other measuring tool. 15 cm ≤ L2 ≤ 22 cm, and L2 can be 15 cm, 16 cm, 17 cm, 18 cm, 19 cm, 20 cm, 21 cm, 22 cm, etc. Within the above range, L2 can make the first liquid outlet 140 higher than or equal to the height of the aluminum busbar and other accessories above the battery 200 to ensure that the immersion liquid fully submerges the battery 200. If L2 exceeds this range, the immersion liquid that has absorbed heat will naturally float up within the storage space due to its low density and will not be easily discharged.

[0056] In some embodiments, the distance between the second liquid inlet 330 and the side of the liquid cooling plate 300 close to the housing 100 is L3, where L3 is the distance between the second liquid inlet 330 and the housing 100. The distance between the second liquid outlet 340 and the side of the liquid cooling plate 300 close to the housing 100 is L4, where L4 is the distance between the second liquid outlet 340 and the housing 100. L4 ≤ L3, meaning the second liquid inlet 330 is further away from the housing 100 than the second liquid outlet 340. The second liquid inlet 330 is lower than the second liquid outlet 340, thereby ensuring that the coolant is fully immersed in the liquid cooling plate 300. Furthermore, 2 cm ≤ L4 ≤ 6 cm, where L4 can be 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm, etc.

[0057] In some embodiments, the height of the housing 100 is H1, where H1 is the distance between the upper and lower surfaces of the housing 100. The height of the liquid cooling plate 300 is H2, where H2 is the distance between the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid cooling plate 300. 2≤H1 / H2≤5, and H1 / H2 can be 2, 3, 4, 5, etc. The height of the housing 100 is between 2 and 5 times the height of the liquid cooling plate 300. Consequently, the volume of the immersion liquid within the housing 100 is between 2 and 5 times the volume of the coolant within the liquid cooling plate 300. This ensures sufficient heat exchange between the coolant in the liquid cooling plate 300 and the immersion liquid within the housing 100, achieving a uniform heat distribution effect.

[0058] In some embodiments, the length of the housing 100 is D1, where D1 is the distance between the left and right surfaces of the housing 100. The length of the liquid cooling plate 300 is D2, where D2 is the distance between the left and right surfaces of the liquid cooling plate 300. 15 cm ≤ D1 - D2 ≤ 22 cm, where D1 - D2 represents the shorter distance of the liquid cooling plate 300 relative to the housing 100 and can be 15 cm, 16 cm, 17 cm, 18 cm, 19 cm, 20 cm, 21 cm, 22 cm, etc. The liquid cooling plate 300 is shorter than the housing 100, creating a free space next to the housing 100. Within this space, space is left for connecting the pipes of the first liquid inlet 130 and the first liquid outlet 140 on the adjacent housing 100, while also ensuring space utilization for the battery 200 system.

[0059] Please combine Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the position of the first liquid inlet 130 at the first end 110, the position of the first liquid outlet 140 at the second end 120, the position of the second liquid inlet 330 at the fourth end 320, and the position of the second liquid outlet 340 at the third end 310 can be adjusted according to the layout requirements. Figure 1 and Figure 3 The positions of the first liquid inlet 130 at the first end portion 110 are different, but both are located on the first end portion 110; and Figure 1 and Figure 3 The position of the first liquid outlet 140 on the second end 120 is also different, but both are located on the second end 120. This embodiment is not limited to this. As long as the first end 110 of the first liquid inlet 130 is arranged adjacent to the third end 310 where the second liquid outlet 340 is arranged, and the second end 120 of the first liquid outlet 140 is arranged adjacent to the fourth end 320 where the second liquid inlet 330 is arranged, the synergistic effect between the immersion liquid and the coolant can more evenly and effectively dissipate heat from the battery 200.

[0060] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the battery pack from another angle is shown. Along the length of the housing 100, the first end 110 includes a first end plate 111, and the second end 120 includes a second end plate 121. The first and second end plates 111 and 121 are disposed opposite each other. The first liquid inlet 130 is disposed on the first end plate 111, and the first liquid outlet 140 is disposed on the second end plate 121. Along the length of the liquid cooling plate 300, the third end 310 includes a third end plate 311, and the fourth end 320 includes a fourth end plate 321. The third and fourth end plates 311 and 321 are disposed opposite each other. The second liquid outlet 340 is disposed on the third end plate 311, and the second liquid inlet 330 is disposed on the fourth end plate 321. The third and first end plates 111 and 121 are located on the same side, and the second and fourth end plates 121 and 321 are located on the same side.

[0061] In this embodiment, the housing 100 has two ends along its length. The first end 110 is located at one end of the housing 100 and includes a first end plate 111. The first end plate 111 is provided with a first immersion liquid inlet 130 for injecting low-temperature immersion liquid. The second end 120 is located at the opposite end of the housing 100 and includes a second end plate 121. The second end plate 121 is provided with a first immersion liquid outlet 140 for discharging immersion liquid that has been heated after absorbing heat. Similarly, the liquid cooling plate 300 also has two ends along its length. The third end 310 is located at one end of the liquid cooling plate 300 and includes a third end plate 311. The third end plate 311 is provided with a second coolant outlet 340 for discharging coolant that has been heated after absorbing heat. The fourth end portion 320 is located at the opposite end of the liquid cooling plate 300 and includes a fourth end plate 321. A second coolant inlet 330 is provided on the fourth end plate 321 for injecting low-temperature coolant. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first inlet 130 and the first outlet 140 are arranged along the length of the housing 100. Furthermore, the second inlet 330 and the second outlet 340 are also arranged along the length of the liquid cooling plate 300. This allows for a longer flow path for the immersion liquid and coolant, allowing more time for them to absorb and remove heat, thereby achieving more effective heat dissipation.

[0062] The third end plate 311 and the first end plate 111 are located on the same side, and the second end plate 121 and the fourth end plate 321 are located on the same side. Therefore, the second coolant outlet 340 and the first immersion liquid inlet 130 are located on the same side and are relatively close in spatial layout. The second coolant inlet 330 and the first immersion liquid outlet 140 are also located on the same side and are relatively close in spatial layout. It can be understood that although the immersion liquid temperature is higher in the area near the first outlet 140, the coolant temperature is lower in the area near the second inlet 330, which is located on the same side and relatively close to the immersion liquid. Similarly, although the coolant temperature is higher in the area near the second outlet 340, the immersion liquid temperature is lower in the area near the first inlet 130, which is located on the same side and relatively close to the immersion liquid. This ensures that different areas of the battery 200 are always receiving heat from a cooler cooling medium. This helps to more evenly and effectively distribute the heat generated by the battery 200 and prevent heat accumulation in certain areas of the battery 200.

[0063] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the flow direction of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate 300 is opposite to the flow direction of the immersion liquid in the housing 100. It will be appreciated that in this embodiment, while the immersion liquid is injected into the housing 100 from the first liquid inlet 130 of the first end 110 and discharged from the first liquid outlet 140 of the second end 120, the coolant is simultaneously injected into the liquid cooling plate 300 from the second liquid inlet 330 of the fourth end 320 and discharged from the second liquid outlet 340 of the third end 310. Because the first end 110 and the third end 310 are adjacent, and the second end 120 and the fourth end 320 are adjacent, the flow direction of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate 300 can be opposite to the flow direction of the immersion liquid in the housing 100.

[0064] It can be understood that along the flow direction of the immersion liquid in the box 100, the immersion liquid absorbs heat from the battery 200 during the flow process and the temperature gradually rises. Along the flow direction of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate 300, the temperature of the coolant also rises after absorbing heat in the liquid cooling plate 300. Since the flow direction of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate 300 is opposite to the flow direction of the immersion liquid in the box 100, the temperature change trend of the immersion liquid in the box 100 and the temperature change trend of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate 300 are opposite to those of the battery 200, so that in different areas on both sides of the battery 200, there is always a cooling medium with a lower temperature absorbing heat. For example, on one side of the battery 200, the temperature of the immersion liquid is higher and the temperature of the coolant is lower. On the other side of the battery 200, the temperature of the coolant is higher and the temperature of the immersion liquid is lower. This helps to more evenly and effectively disperse the heat generated by the battery 200, reduce the temperature difference on the surface of the battery 200, and avoid local accumulation of heat in the battery 200.

[0065] For example, the liquid cooling plate 300 is adjacent to the bottom plate of the housing 100. The immersion liquid enters from the first end plate 111 on the left side of the housing 100, flowing from left to right. The initial temperature is low, and the temperature gradually increases from left to right as it absorbs heat from the battery 200. The coolant enters from the fourth end plate 321 on the right side of the liquid cooling plate 300, flowing from right to left. The initial temperature is also low, and the temperature gradually increases from right to left as it absorbs heat from the battery 200. During the simultaneous flow of the two cooling media, the immersion liquid and the coolant, the temperature of the immersion liquid is lower in the area near the left side of the battery 200, while the temperature of the immersion liquid is higher in the area near the right side of the battery 200. At the same time, the temperature of the coolant is higher in the area near the left side of the battery 200, while the temperature of the coolant is lower in the area near the right side of the battery 200. The immersion liquid and the coolant can form a dynamic balance of heat exchange on both sides of the battery 200. Although the temperature of the immersion liquid is higher in the area to the right of the battery 200, which is not conducive to heat dissipation in the area to the right of the battery 200, the lower temperature of the coolant in the area to the right of the battery 200 can effectively help cool the area to the right of the battery 200. Similarly, although the temperature of the coolant is higher in the area to the left of the battery 200, which is not conducive to heat dissipation in the area to the left of the battery 200, the lower temperature of the immersion liquid in the area to the left of the battery 200 can also effectively help cool the area to the left of the battery 200. Therefore, this reverse flow strategy achieves temperature complementarity between the immersion liquid and the coolant during the heat dissipation process of the battery 200, optimizing the overall thermal management effect of the battery pack 10.

[0066] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the flow direction of the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling plate 300 and the immersion liquid in the box 100 refers to the overall flow trend or directionality, but does not limit the specific flow paths of the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling plate 300 and the immersion liquid in the box 100.

[0067] In some embodiments, the flow path of the immersion liquid in the tank 100 can be changed by adjusting the position of the first liquid inlet 130 on the first end plate 111 and the position of the first liquid outlet 140 on the second end plate 121 to optimize thermal management performance.

[0068] Illustratively, the first liquid inlet 130 is located on a side of the first end plate 111 close to the liquid cooling plate 300, and the first liquid outlet 140 is located on a side of the second end plate 121 away from the liquid cooling plate 300. For example, the liquid cooling plate 300 is adjacent to the bottom plate of the housing 100. By designing a height difference between the first liquid outlet 140 and the first liquid inlet 130, the immersion liquid has more time and space to exchange heat with the surface of the battery 200 before flowing out of the housing 100. This allows for more complete contact between the immersion liquid and the surface of the battery 200, resulting in better heat dissipation and more uniform heat dissipation.

[0069] In another example, for example, the liquid cooling plate 300 is still adjacent to the bottom plate of the housing 100, the first liquid inlet 130 is located on the side of the first end plate 111 away from the liquid cooling plate 300, and the first liquid outlet 140 is located on the side of the second end plate 121 close to the liquid cooling plate 300. The first liquid inlet 130 can be higher than the first liquid outlet 140. As will be appreciated, when the immersion liquid enters through the higher liquid inlet, it can naturally flow downward during the flow process, increasing the turbulence of the immersion liquid, and also improving the contact area between the immersion liquid and the surface of the battery 200 and the heat exchange efficiency.

[0070] In another example, along the width of the housing 100, the first liquid inlet 130 is located in the middle of the first end plate 111, and the first liquid outlet 140 is located in the middle of the second end plate 121; and / or along the width of the liquid cooling plate 300, the second liquid outlet 340 is located in the middle of the third end plate 311, and the second liquid inlet 330 is located in the middle of the fourth end plate 321. Along the width of the housing 100, the immersion liquid enters from the middle of the first end plate 111, flows to the middle of the second end plate 121, and exits. During the flow, the immersion liquid can evenly contact different areas of the battery 200 surface, achieving more uniform heat dissipation. Similarly, along the width direction of the liquid cooling plate 300, the coolant enters from the middle of the fourth end plate 321 and flows out from the middle of the third end plate 311. During the flow process, the coolant can also contact different areas of the liquid cooling plate 300 more evenly, thereby ensuring that the heat transferred from the battery 200 to the liquid cooling plate 300 is evenly and effectively dissipated, effectively avoiding the occurrence of local hot spots on the surface of the battery 200 and improving the uniformity of heat dissipation.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 5 A third structural schematic diagram of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack from another angle; Figure 7 for Figure 6The battery pack is shown in a cross-sectional view along line AA. In some embodiments, the battery pack 10 includes multiple boxes 100 and multiple liquid cooling plates 300. The multiple boxes 100 and multiple liquid cooling plates 300 are staggered and arranged perpendicular to the thickness of the liquid cooling plates 300. In this embodiment, the battery pack 10 is composed of multiple boxes 100 and multiple liquid cooling plates 300. Along the thickness direction of the liquid cooling plates 300, or in other words, the thickness direction of the boxes 100, a liquid cooling plate 300 is provided between two adjacent boxes 100, and a box 100 is provided between two adjacent liquid cooling plates 300. For example, the liquid cooling plate 300 can be located on the bottom plate of the housing 100. Since multiple housings 100 and multiple liquid cooling plates 300 are staggered, except for the top plate of the topmost housing 100, which has no adjacent liquid cooling plate 300 and only has adjacent liquid cooling plates 300 on the bottom plate, each of the other housings 100 is provided with a liquid cooling plate 300 on both the top and bottom sides. In another example, a liquid cooling plate 300 can be additionally provided on the top plate of the topmost housing 100, so that each housing 100 is provided with a liquid cooling plate 300 on both the top and bottom sides. Therefore, the heat generated by the battery 200 can be absorbed and removed from different directions by the coolant in the liquid cooling plates 300 on the top and bottom sides, as well as the immersion liquid in the housing 100, effectively improving heat dissipation efficiency. Furthermore, because the fourth end 320 of the liquid cooling plates 300 on the upper and lower sides of each housing 100, where the second liquid inlet 330 of the coolant is located, is adjacent to the second end 120 where the first liquid outlet 140 of the immersion liquid is located, and the third end 310 of the second liquid outlet 340 of the coolant is adjacent to the first end 110 where the first liquid inlet 130 of the immersion liquid is located, the coolant in the upper and lower liquid cooling plates 300 of each housing 100 can flow in opposite directions relative to the immersion liquid. The coolant in the upper and lower liquid cooling plates 300 and the immersion liquid in the housing 100 form different temperature gradients relative to the battery 200, so that different areas of the battery 200 always have a coolant medium absorbing heat, reducing temperature differences on the surface of the battery 200 and improving the overall heat dissipation effect of the battery pack 10. Furthermore, the staggered arrangement of multiple housings 100 and multiple liquid cooling plates 300 makes the battery pack 10 easy to expand and modularize, making it easier to adapt to battery packs 10 of different sizes and needs.

[0072] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the liquid cooling plate 300 may be located on the top plate of the box body 100 , which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0073] In some embodiments, the liquid cooling plate 300 includes a cover plate 350 adjacent to the housing 100, which also covers the sealed accommodation space. In this embodiment, the cover plate 350 itself serves as both a part of the liquid cooling plate 300 and seals the housing 100. Therefore, the housing 100 does not require additional seals, and the liquid cooling plate 300 and the housing 100 can share the cover plate 350 structure. This integrated design reduces the material usage of the housing 100. For example, the cover plate 350 can also be provided with small holes to allow the immersion liquid and the coolant at different temperatures to mix to a certain extent, thereby achieving more uniform heat dissipation.

[0074] It is understood that when the battery pack 10 includes only one housing 100 and one liquid cooling plate 300, one seal for the housing 100 can be eliminated. When the battery pack 10 includes multiple housings 100 and multiple liquid cooling plates 300, since the housings 100 and multiple liquid cooling plates 300 are staggered, the cover plates 350 on the upper and lower sides of each housing 100 can be used to seal the upper and lower sides of the housing 100, respectively. This can eliminate the need for more seals. For example, if the battery pack 10 includes four housings 100 and four liquid cooling plates 300, seven seals can be eliminated.

[0075] Therefore, in this embodiment, the design of integrating the sealing function of the liquid cooling plate 300 with the box body 100 reduces the use of materials, simplifies the overall structure of the battery pack 10, reduces the overall weight of the battery pack 10, improves the volume energy density of the battery pack 10, simplifies the manufacturing and assembly process, and thus reduces the overall cost.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 8 A fourth structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack from another angle; Figure 10 for Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack shown is another angle; Figure 10 for Figure 9 The battery pack is shown in a cross-sectional view along line BB. In some embodiments, the battery pack 10 includes multiple boxes 100 and multiple liquid cooling plates 300. The boxes 100 are adjacent to each other along the length of the boxes 100, and are staggered along the height of the boxes 100.

[0077] It can be understood that the battery pack 10 includes multiple battery cells, each of which can include a box 100 and a liquid cooling plate 300 stacked in the same manner. In addition to having multiple battery cells arranged vertically, the battery pack 10 can also have multiple battery cells arranged adjacently in the horizontal direction, thereby increasing the size of the battery pack 10. Therefore, in this embodiment, the battery pack 10 is highly modular and scalable, adapting to a variety of different application scenarios. Whether it is an electric vehicle, energy storage system, or other equipment requiring high energy density and efficient heat dissipation, the size of the battery pack 10 can be adjusted to meet the needs.

[0078] In some embodiments, each box 100 has a chamber therein. Along the length direction of the box 100 , two adjacent boxes 100 share a partition plate 150 to separate the two chambers.

[0079] In this embodiment, two adjacent boxes 100 can share a single separator 150 to further reduce the structural material of the battery pack 10. For example, if each row of battery packs 10 includes three boxes 100, the middle box 100, the box 100 on the left, and the box 100 on the right can each share a separator 150. This saves the production of two separators 150, further reduces the weight of the battery pack 10, and makes the entire battery pack 10 array more compact.

[0080] In some embodiments, along the length direction of the liquid cooling plates 300 , the cooling liquid in adjacent liquid cooling plates 300 flows in the same direction, and the immersion liquid in adjacent boxes 100 flows in the same direction.

[0081] It can be understood that along the length direction of the box 100, after the immersion liquid absorbs the heat of the battery 200, its temperature will gradually increase with the flow direction of the immersion liquid. When it is close to the adjacent box 100, the temperature of the immersion liquid is relatively high, which is not conducive to the heat dissipation of the battery 200 in this area. However, since the immersion liquid of the adjacent box 100 is in the initial state of flow and has not yet flowed through the heat source or has flowed through fewer heat sources, its temperature is relatively low. The immersion liquid with a lower temperature can effectively help disperse the heat in this area. Therefore, along the length direction of multiple boxes 100, the immersion liquid of two adjacent boxes 100 forms a temperature difference near the connection area of ​​the two boxes 100, which can complement each other to cool the battery 200, so that the entire battery pack 10 can dissipate heat more evenly.

[0082] For example, the liquid cooling plate 300 is adjacent to the bottom plate of the housing 100. In this embodiment, except for the first row of housings 100, which only have the liquid cooling plate 300 on the bottom plate, the other housings 100 are provided with liquid cooling plates 300 on both the top and bottom sides. Furthermore, except for the first column of housings 100, each housing 100 is provided with a housing 100 on both the left and right sides. On the top and bottom sides of the housing 100, the flow direction of the coolant in the liquid cooling plate 300 is opposite to the flow direction of the immersion liquid in the housing 100. On the left and right sides of the housing 100, the flow direction of the immersion liquid in adjacent housings 100 is the same as the flow direction of the immersion liquid in the housing 100. This ensures that the cooling medium with a lower temperature always absorbs heat from the different areas above, below, left, and right of the batteries 200 within the housing 100, thereby reducing the temperature difference on the surface of the batteries 200 and improving the overall heat dissipation effect of the battery pack 10.

[0083] In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the box body 100, the box body 100 includes a first side plate 160 close to or away from the liquid cooling plate 300, and the portion of the first side plate 160 located at the first end 110 is provided with a first liquid inlet 130, and the portion of the first side plate 160 located at the second end 120 is provided with a second liquid inlet 330; along the length direction of the liquid cooling plate 300, the third end 310 includes a third end plate 311, and the fourth end 320 includes a fourth end plate 321, the third end plate 311 and the fourth end plate 321 are arranged opposite to each other, the second liquid outlet 340 is arranged on the third end plate 311, and the second liquid inlet 330 is arranged on the fourth end plate 321.

[0084] The first side panel 160 may be the top panel or the bottom panel of the box body 100. For example, if the first side panel is the top panel of the box body 100, then the first liquid inlet 130 is provided at the portion of the first side panel located at the first end 110, and the first liquid outlet 140 is provided at the portion of the first side panel located at the second end 120. Therefore, the first liquid inlet 130 and the first liquid outlet are spaced apart at both ends of the first side panel. It can be understood that the battery pack 10 in this embodiment has multiple boxes 100 adjacent to each other horizontally, and the boxes 100 and the liquid cooling plates 300 are staggered in the height direction. Therefore, the first liquid inlet 130 and the second liquid inlet 330 of the boxes 100 are spaced apart at the top panel of the box body 100, so that each row of boxes 100 can be closely arranged in the horizontal direction, reducing the space waste caused by the improper positioning of the first liquid inlet 130 and the first liquid outlet 140.

[0085] It should be noted that the first side plate may also be the bottom plate of the box body 100 , which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0086] In some embodiments, adjacent liquid cooling plates 300 are spaced apart along the length of the liquid cooling plates 300 and have a spacing therebetween, and at least part of the first liquid inlet 130 , the first liquid outlet 140 , the second liquid inlet 330 , and the second liquid outlet 340 are exposed in the spacing.

[0087] The liquid cooling plates 300 are staggered in height relative to the housing 100. Horizontally, multiple liquid cooling plates 300 are spaced apart, leaving ample space for the first liquid inlet 130, first liquid outlet 140, second liquid inlet 330, and second liquid outlet 340, ensuring smooth flow of immersion liquid and coolant within the battery pack 10. The placement of the first liquid inlet 130, first liquid outlet 140, second liquid inlet 330, and second liquid outlet 340 within the spaced-apart arrangement facilitates inspection and maintenance of these interfaces.

[0088] In some embodiments, the first liquid inlets 130 of the multiple boxes 100 are connected to each other; and / or the second liquid inlets 330 of the multiple liquid cooling plates 300 are connected to each other.

[0089] For example, by branching from a single main pipeline to each first liquid inlet 130 and / or from a single main pipeline to each second liquid inlet 330, it is possible to ensure that all boxes 100 receive a uniform supply of immersion liquid, or that all liquid cooling plates 300 receive a uniform supply of coolant. The interconnected first liquid inlets 130 or second liquid inlets 330 can greatly simplify the piping layout, reducing piping complexity and length. This not only reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty of the battery pack 10, but also improves the overall aesthetics and space utilization of the battery pack 10.

[0090] The embodiment of the present application also provides a battery system, including a control component and a battery pack 10 of any of the above embodiments. The control component includes a battery management system (BMS), a battery disconnect unit (BDU), etc. The battery management system is mainly used to intelligently manage and maintain each battery unit 300, monitor the status of the battery, prevent the battery from overcharging and over-discharging, and extend the service life of the battery. The battery management system also controls the flow of the immersion liquid and the flow of the coolant. Specifically, the battery management system can control the flow rate of the immersion liquid according to the temperature of the immersion liquid, and the battery management system can control the flow rate of the coolant according to the temperature of the coolant. The main function of the battery disconnect unit is to receive electrical energy from the charging system, and then control the speed and torque of the motor through the controller to achieve the driving of the car. At the same time, the battery drive unit also needs to monitor the status of the battery in real time to ensure the safe operation of the battery. The battery pack 10 combines indirect liquid cooling and immersion cooling, leveraging the advantages of both cooling technologies. Furthermore, by arranging the second end 120 of the first liquid outlet 140 adjacent to the fourth end 320 where the second liquid inlet 330 is located, heat is always absorbed by a cooler cooling medium in different areas of the battery 200. This reduces temperature variations across the surface of the battery 200 and improves the overall heat dissipation of the battery pack 10, thereby better meeting the heat dissipation requirements of the battery system under high-power, high-density operation. Furthermore, multiple boxes 100 and multiple liquid cooling plates 300 can be staggered in height as needed, and further expanded horizontally to increase the size of the battery pack 10 by adding more boxes 100 and liquid cooling plates 300. Whether it's an electric vehicle, energy storage system, or other equipment requiring high energy density and efficient heat dissipation, the size of the battery pack 10 can be adjusted to meet these requirements.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: a box body having a storage space therein for storing immersion liquid, the storage space comprising a first end portion and a second end portion oppositely disposed, the first end portion being provided with a first liquid inlet, and the second end portion being provided with a first liquid outlet; a battery, disposed in the accommodation space; a liquid cooling plate, adjacent to the box, the liquid cooling plate being used to contain cooling liquid, the liquid cooling plate comprising a third end and a fourth end oppositely disposed, the third end being provided with a second liquid outlet, and the fourth end being provided with a second liquid inlet; The first end portion is adjacent to the third end portion, and the second end portion is adjacent to the fourth end portion.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The distance between the first liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet is L1, 1 cm ≤ L1 ≤ 10 cm.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: A distance between the first liquid outlet and a side of the box away from the liquid cooling plate is L2, and 15 cm ≤ L2 ≤ 22 cm.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The distance between the second liquid inlet and the liquid cooling plate close to the box body is L3, and the distance between the second liquid outlet and the liquid cooling plate close to the box body is L4, wherein L4≤L3, 2cm≤L4≤6cm.

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The height of the box is H1, the height of the liquid cooling plate is H2, and 2≤H1 / H2≤5.

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The length of the box is D1, the length of the liquid cooling plate is D2, and 15 cm ≤ D1 - D2 ≤ 22 cm.

7. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: Along the length direction of the box body, the first end portion includes a first end plate, the second end portion includes a second end plate, the first end plate and the second end plate are arranged opposite to each other, the first liquid inlet is arranged on the first end plate, and the first liquid outlet is arranged on the second end plate; Along the length direction of the liquid cooling plate, the third end portion includes a third end plate, the fourth end portion includes a fourth end plate, the third end plate and the fourth end plate are arranged opposite to each other, the second liquid outlet is arranged on the third end plate, the second liquid inlet is arranged on the fourth end plate, the third end plate and the first end plate are located on the same side, and the second end plate and the fourth end plate are located on the same side.

8. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The flow direction of the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling plate is opposite to the flow direction of the immersion liquid in the box.

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The battery pack includes a plurality of boxes and a plurality of liquid cooling plates, which are staggered and arranged in a direction perpendicular to the thickness of the liquid cooling plates.

10. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein: The liquid cooling plate includes a cover plate adjacent to the box body, and the cover plate further covers and seals the accommodation space.

11. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that: Along the length direction of the box, a plurality of the boxes are adjacent to each other in sequence.

12. The battery pack according to claim 11, wherein: Along the length direction of the box, the immersion liquid in adjacent boxes flows in the same direction; Along the length direction of the liquid cooling plate, the coolant in adjacent liquid cooling plates flows in the same direction.

13. The battery pack according to claim 11, wherein: Each of the boxes is provided with a chamber. Along the length direction of the boxes, two adjacent boxes share a partition plate to separate the two chambers.

14. The battery pack according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that: Along the thickness direction of the box body, the box body includes a first side plate close to or away from the liquid cooling plate, a portion of the first side plate located at the first end is provided with the first liquid inlet, and a portion of the first side plate located at the second end is provided with the second liquid inlet; Along the length direction of the liquid cooling plate, the third end portion includes a third end plate, the fourth end portion includes a fourth end plate, the third end plate and the fourth end plate are arranged opposite to each other, the second liquid outlet is arranged on the third end plate, and the second liquid inlet is arranged on the fourth end plate.

15. The battery pack according to claim 14, characterized in that: Along the length direction of the liquid cooling plate, adjacent liquid cooling plates are spaced apart and have a spacing space between them, and at least part of the first liquid inlet, the first liquid outlet, the second liquid inlet, and the second liquid outlet are exposed in the spacing space.

16. The battery pack according to claim 14, wherein: The first liquid inlets of the plurality of boxes are connected to each other; and / or The second liquid inlets of the plurality of liquid cooling plates are connected to each other.

17. A battery system, characterized in that: The battery system includes a control component and a battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the control component is connected to the battery pack.

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