VHF (very high frequency) band lumped parameter high-power circulator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a VHF frequency range lumped parameter high-power circulator, and relates to the technical field of circulators. According to the utility model, the capacitor adopts a dielectric parallel-plate capacitor design, so that the dielectric is in full contact with the upper and lower large bottom plates, and heat dissipation of the capacitor is facilitated; according to the design of the inductor, the heat dissipation area of the inductor is increased by increasing the line width of the inductor, but the inductance value is reduced due to the increase of the width of the inductor, and the inductance value reaches a numerical value required by a device through accurate modeling auxiliary analysis of simulation software; compared with a distributed parameter ferrite circulator, the loss of the device can be reduced under the same size, so that the temperature rise of the circulator is reduced, and the compensation sheet and the coil are added to compensate the frequency drift of the circulator caused by the change of the magnetic moment of the ferrite material along with the temperature; by adopting the comprehensive design scheme, the circulator meets the use requirement of a user, and the power of the circulator as low as 31 MHz is improved to 800 watts in a breakthrough manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of circulators, in particular to a VHF frequency band lumped parameter high-power circulator. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, there has been an urgent need for VHF low-frequency, high-power circulators to be used with solid-state RF sources. However, due to the linewidth limitations of ferrite materials, the current operating frequency limit for these low-frequency, high-power circulators is 40 MHz. To accommodate high-power RF solid-state sources operating as low as 31 MHz, a high-power circulator capable of handling power exceeding 800 W must be developed. This presents a current industry challenge.

[0003] According to available information both domestically and internationally, circulators operating at this frequency generally have low power (200W-400W). This is because existing solutions generally utilize distributed parameters. Simulations show that the loss of distributed parameter circulators drops sharply below 40MHz, reaching as high as 1.7dB below 32MHz. At these loss levels, if the power passing through exceeds 400W, the device's temperature rise will increase dramatically, and the device's frequency drift will become uncontrollable.

[0004] Existing solutions also use lumped parameter circulators, but due to the power and heat dissipation limitations of lumped parameter capacitors and inductors, the circulator power is limited to 400W. A lumped parameter ferrite circulator consists of three inductor strips arranged at 120°, forming a non-reciprocal junction inductor coupled to each other, compensated by an external capacitor, and matched to a 50Ω port impedance at the port. Lumped parameter circulators near this frequency use lumped capacitors to compensate for the inductance of the non-reciprocal junction inductor. This design places high demands on the heat dissipation of the lumped parameter capacitors. Furthermore, the thin inductor wires limit the circulator's power handling capacity to no more than 400W. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a VHF band lumped parameter high-power circulator to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a VHF band lumped parameter high-power circulator, comprising a lower base plate and a cover plate, the cover plate being arranged on the top of the lower base plate, two ferrites being arranged on the top of the lower base plate, an inner conductor being arranged between the two ferrites, a dielectric parallel plate capacitor being arranged on the top of the lower base plate outside the ferrites, the inner conductor comprising three inductor strips, the inductor strips comprising two groups of long strips and short strips, the two groups of long strips and short strips being respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the inner conductor, and the long strips and short strips being connected by metallized vias.

[0007] Furthermore, a positioning piece is provided on the top of the lower base plate outside the dielectric parallel plate capacitor, and an aluminum plate is provided on the top of the positioning piece.

[0008] Furthermore, an upper magnetic circuit plate is provided on the top of the bottom plate above the aluminum plate, a permanent magnet is provided at the center of the bottom of the upper magnetic circuit plate, and a coil is provided on the outside of the permanent magnet at the bottom of the upper magnetic circuit plate.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a compensation plate and a shim plate, wherein the compensation plate is arranged between the coil and the shim plate, and the shim plate is arranged between the compensation plate and the ferrite.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of side magnetic circuit plates are provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the upper magnetic circuit plate, and the bottom of the side magnetic circuit plates is fixedly connected to the lower base plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the side magnetic circuit plate extends through the aluminum plate to the outside of the positioning piece, and an opening matching the side magnetic circuit plate is provided between the aluminum plate and the positioning piece.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0013] The capacitor in the present invention is designed as a dielectric parallel plate capacitor. This design allows the dielectric to fully contact the upper and lower large base plates, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the capacitor. The inductor is designed by increasing the width of the inductor line to increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the inductor. However, the increase in the width of the inductor will reduce the inductance. Through precise modeling and auxiliary analysis using simulation software, the inductance is made to reach the required value of the device. A lumped parameter ferrite circulator design with corresponding improvements for high power is adopted. This design can effectively reduce the size of the circulator. Compared with the distributed parameter ferrite circulator, it can reduce the loss of the device at the same size, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the circulator. At the same time, in order to improve the temperature stability of the circulator, compensation plates and coils are added to compensate for the frequency drift of the circulator caused by the change of the magnetic moment of the ferrite material with temperature. The use of these comprehensive design solutions enables the circulator to meet user requirements and has achieved a breakthrough in increasing the power of the circulator as low as 31MHz to 800 watts.

[0014] In this utility model, in order to meet both technical indicators and heat dissipation requirements, the relevant inner conductor pattern formed by the non-reciprocal junction inductance of the lumped parameter ferrite circulator is calculated through modeling simulation and analyzed through thermal simulation model under liquid cooling state. After repeated verification and testing, a thermal simulation model of the circulator under liquid cooling state is established. The design is optimized and improved through the simulation model, so that the circulator can meet the requirements of The parameter indicators meet the requirement of 800W of passing power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model as a whole;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the utility model from another perspective;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a main cross-sectional view of the utility model as a whole;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model with the cover plate removed as a whole;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the ferrite of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the inner conductor of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a top view of the inner conductor of the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a top view of the inner conductor of the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the direction distribution of the vector of the radio frequency alternating magnetic field of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 This is the distribution diagram of the electric field strength of the device when an 800W continuous wave is input to the input end of the device of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 11 This is a simulated electrical performance diagram of the isolation and insertion loss performance of the utility model device;

[0027] Figure 12 This is a simulated electrical performance diagram of the standing wave performance of the device of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 13 This is a simulation result diagram of the device of the utility model in a liquid cooling state;

[0029] Figure 14 This is a test data diagram of the utility model;

[0030] In the figure: 1. Lower base plate; 2. Cover plate; 3. Ferrite; 4. Inner conductor; 5. Dielectric parallel plate capacitor; 6. Inductor strip; 7. Positioning plate; 8. Aluminum plate; 9. Upper magnetic circuit plate; 10. Permanent magnet; 11. Coil; 12. Compensation plate; 13. Magnetic uniform plate; 14. Side magnetic circuit plate; 15. Opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] See also Figures 1-14 The utility model provides a technical solution: a VHF band lumped parameter high-power circulator, comprising a lower base plate 1 and a cover plate 2, the cover plate 2 being arranged on the top of the lower base plate 1, two ferrites 3 being arranged on the top of the lower base plate 1, an inner conductor 4 being arranged between the two ferrites 3, a dielectric parallel plate capacitor 5 being arranged on the top of the lower base plate 1 outside the ferrites 3, the inner conductor 4 comprising three inductance strips 6, the inductance strips 6 comprising two groups of long strips and short strips, the two groups of long strips and short strips being respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the inner conductor 4, the long strips and short strips being connected by metallized vias.

[0033] A positioning piece 7 is provided on the top of the lower base plate 1 outside the dielectric parallel plate capacitor 5, and an aluminum plate 8 is provided on the top of the lower base plate 1 on the top of the positioning piece 7. The positioning piece 7 mainly provides installation positioning for internal components to improve the convenience of product assembly and the accuracy of accessory assembly.

[0034] The top of the bottom plate 1 is provided with an upper magnetic circuit plate 9 above the aluminum plate 8, and a permanent magnet 10 is provided at the center of the bottom of the upper magnetic circuit plate 9. A coil 11 is provided on the outside of the permanent magnet 10 at the bottom of the upper magnetic circuit plate 9, and further includes a compensation plate 12 and a uniform magnetic plate 13. The compensation plate 12 is provided between the coil 11 and the uniform magnetic plate 13, and the uniform magnetic plate 13 is provided between the compensation plate 12 and the ferrite 3. A plurality of side magnetic circuit plates 14 are provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the upper magnetic circuit plate 9, and the bottom of the side magnetic circuit plate 14 is fixedly connected to the lower bottom plate 1 Then, the side magnetic circuit plate 14 extends through the aluminum plate 8 to the outside of the positioning piece 7, and an opening 15 matching the side magnetic circuit plate 14 is provided between the aluminum plate 8 and the positioning piece 7; the upper magnetic circuit plate 9, the permanent magnet 10, the coil 11 and the side magnetic circuit plate 14 cooperate to compensate for the frequency drift of the circulator caused by the change of the magnetic moment of the ferrite material with temperature, and the compensation plate 12 and the coil 11 cooperate to further compensate for the frequency drift of the circulator caused by the change of the magnetic moment of the ferrite material with temperature, thereby ensuring the performance stability of the circulator.

[0035] The working principle of this utility model:

[0036] Refer to the instruction manual Figures 1-14 , in the utility model:

[0037] To overcome the power capacity limitations of lumped-parameter low-frequency circulators below 32MHz, a series of new design measures were implemented, primarily focusing on improving the heat dissipation of the capacitors and inductors. The capacitors were designed using dielectric parallel-plate capacitors, which ensured full contact between the dielectric and the upper and lower base plates, facilitating heat dissipation. The inductors were designed by increasing the width of the inductor lines to increase the heat dissipation area. However, increasing the inductor width reduces the inductance. Through precise modeling and analysis using simulation software, the inductance was adjusted to the required value.

[0038] from Figure 6-Figure 9 It can be seen from the figure that the inner conductor 4 of the lumped parameter circulator is composed of three inductor strips forming a non-reciprocal junction; the inner conductor 4 is made of a double-sided copper-clad printed circuit board, and a single inductor is composed of two lines, one long and one short, on the upper and lower surfaces, which are connected by metallized vias, thus avoiding short circuits between the three inductors; Figure 9 The directional distribution of the vector of the RF alternating magnetic field shows that the ferrite has a uniform field distribution TM0 mode, while the ferrite of the distributed parameter circulator is a quasi-TM 11 mold;

[0039] Figure 10 The distribution diagram of the device electric field strength is shown when 800W continuous wave is input to the device input. It can be seen from the figure that the maximum electric field strength is 6.63×10 5 V / m, so the device will not spark and the device power capacity meets the requirements;

[0040] Figure 11 and Figure 12 is the simulated electrical performance of the device, where Figure 11 For device isolation and insertion loss performance, Figure 12 The standing wave performance of the device meets the user's performance index requirements;

[0041] Figure 13 The figure shows the simulation results of the device under liquid cooling. The coolant flow rate is 1m / s, the ambient temperature is 20°C, and the maximum device temperature is 51.6°C. From the temperature distribution diagram, the temperature of most areas of the device is between 26°C and 38°C. The overall temperature rise of the device is not large, which is beneficial for the device to avoid uncontrollable frequency drift under high power conditions.

[0042] Figure 14 is the test data, which is close to the simulation results;

[0043] In order to meet both technical indicators and heat dissipation requirements, the relevant inner conductor pattern formed by the non-reciprocal junction inductance of the lumped parameter ferrite circulator was calculated through modeling and simulation, analyzed through a thermal simulation model under liquid cooling, and repeatedly verified and selected through experiments;

[0044] In order to overcome the power capacity limitation of lumped parameter low-frequency circulators as low as 31MHz, a series of new design measures have been adopted. The main difficulty is to improve the heat dissipation of the inductor. The design of the inductor is to increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the inductor by increasing the width of the inductor line, but the increase in the width of the inductor will reduce the inductance. For low-frequency devices, the lower the frequency, the greater the lumped inductance. In order to compensate for the decrease in inductance, it is necessary to adjust the normalized magnetic field. Since the circulator uses ferrite material, which is a gyromagnetic material, its magnetic permeability is tensor permeability. :

[0045] ,

[0046] By adjusting the normalized magnetic field =2.5, change , The value of the inductance is obtained by accurate modeling and auxiliary analysis using simulation software, so that the inductance reaches the required value of the device;

[0047] Taking into account the heat dissipation of the inductor and reducing the inductance, the circulator loss in this frequency band (especially as low as 31MHz) can just reach about 0.8dB. At power above 800W, device heating is a factor that must be considered. Conventional analysis methods cannot complete a comprehensive analysis. Therefore, we established a thermal simulation model of the circulator when passing high power under liquid cooling. The simulation model was used to optimize and improve the design, so that the circulator can meet the requirements of the circulator. The parameter indicators meet the requirement of 800W power consumption;

[0048] The use of these comprehensive design solutions enables the circulator to meet user requirements and achieve a breakthrough in increasing the power of the circulator as low as 31MHz to 800W;

[0049] A lumped parameter ferrite circulator design with corresponding improvements for high power is adopted; this design can effectively reduce the size of the circulator. Compared with the distributed parameter ferrite circulator, it can reduce the loss of the device at the same size, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the circulator. At the same time, in order to improve the temperature stability of the circulator, a compensation plate 12 and a coil 11 are added to compensate for the frequency drift of the circulator caused by the change of the magnetic moment of the ferrite material with temperature.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A VHF band lumped parameter high-power circulator, comprising a lower base plate (1) and a cover plate (2), wherein the cover plate (2) is arranged on the top of the lower base plate (1), and is characterized in that: Two ferrites (3) are provided on the top of the lower base plate (1), an inner conductor (4) is provided between the two ferrites (3), a dielectric parallel plate capacitor (5) is provided on the top of the lower base plate (1) outside the ferrites (3), the inner conductor (4) includes three inductance strips (6), the inductance strips (6) include two groups of long strips and short strips, the two groups of long strips and short strips are respectively provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the inner conductor (4), and the long strips and short strips are connected through metallized vias.

2. The VHF band lumped parameter high-power circulator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning piece (7) is provided on the top of the lower base plate (1) outside the dielectric parallel plate capacitor (5), and an aluminum plate (8) is provided on the top of the positioning piece (7).

3. The VHF band lumped parameter high-power circulator according to claim 2, characterized in that: An upper magnetic circuit plate (9) is provided on the top of the bottom plate (1) above the aluminum plate (8), a permanent magnet (10) is provided at the center of the bottom of the upper magnetic circuit plate (9), and a coil (11) is provided on the outside of the permanent magnet (10) at the bottom of the upper magnetic circuit plate (9).

4. The VHF band lumped parameter high-power circulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a compensation plate (12) and a uniform magnetic plate (13), wherein the compensation plate (12) is arranged between the coil (11) and the uniform magnetic plate (13), and the uniform magnetic plate (13) is arranged between the compensation plate (12) and the ferrite (3).

5. The VHF band lumped parameter high-power circulator according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of side magnetic circuit plates (14) are provided at the bottom of the outer wall of the upper magnetic circuit plate (9), and the bottoms of the side magnetic circuit plates (14) are fixedly connected to the lower base plate (1).

6. The VHF band lumped parameter high-power circulator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side magnetic circuit plate (14) passes through the aluminum plate (8) and extends to the outside of the positioning piece (7). An opening (15) matching the side magnetic circuit plate (14) is provided between the aluminum plate (8) and the positioning piece (7).

Images