Driving system of wide-body dumper

Abstract

A wide-body dumper driving system comprises a sun wheel, a planet carrier, a planet wheel, a gear ring, a clutch, a first brake, a second brake and a shell. The first-stage planetary gear mechanism comprises a first-stage planetary gear; the sun gear is connected with the input shaft as a power input end; the planet carrier is connected with the output shaft as a power output end; the planetary gear is supported by a fixed shaft of the planet carrier, and the planetary gear is meshed with the adjacent sun gear and the gear ring; the gear ring is connected with the shell through a first brake; the sun gear is connected with the gear ring through a clutch; the planet carrier is connected with the shell through a second brake; transmission teeth are arranged on the outer ring of the gear ring, the gear ring drives the power takeoff gear through the transmission teeth, and the power takeoff gear drives the power takeoff output shaft through the synchronizer. The problems that an existing AMT transmission is large in gear shifting impact and long in gear shifting time are solved. The problems that an existing AMT transmission is not high in reliability and short in service life are solved. The problem that an existing wide-body dumper is insufficient in mechanical braking capacity is solved. The problem that an existing brake supplement scheme is low in transmission efficiency is solved. The problem that an existing AMT transmission is not high in integration degree is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a wide-body dump truck, in particular to a driving system of the wide-body dump truck. Background Art

[0002] Electrification and larger sizes are the primary development trends for wide-body dump trucks, placing higher demands on vehicle reliability and safety. Due to the complex roads in mines, frequent gear changes are not suitable. Therefore, electric wide-body dump trucks are typically equipped with 2-, 3-, or 4-speed automatic manual transmissions. In recent years, wide-body dump trucks have significantly increased in size, but the axle braking capacity is limited, making it difficult to meet the frequent and changing braking requirements of mines.

[0003] Currently, the transmissions used in wide-body dump trucks are basically AMT transmissions, and the internal shift actuators are basically the same as manual transmissions, with shifting performed by shift forks, synchronizers or sleeves.

[0004] Defects of the existing technology:

[0005] 1) The AMT transmission retains the shift actuator of a traditional manual transmission. This structure has problems such as large shift shock and long shift time. Wide-body dump trucks generally operate in harsh conditions, and road conditions are complex and changeable, with many bends and slopes. Therefore, frequent shifting is required, resulting in low reliability of the shift mechanism. In extreme conditions, even under extreme conditions, the shift power interruption may cause the vehicle to slip downhill, leading to safety accidents.

[0006] 2) The transmission lacks a braking function, and mechanical braking is entirely provided by the brakes on the axles. As vehicles become larger and overloaded, the braking force of the axles alone is no longer sufficient, posing a safety hazard. Adding an eddy current retarder or caliper brake to the middle of the drive shaft results in unnecessary energy loss because the rotor or brake disc rotates continuously with the drive shaft. Furthermore, due to their limited heat dissipation capacity, they can generally only be used as emergency brakes or parking brakes.

[0007] 3) The functions of automatic shifting, power take-off and braking are not realized simultaneously, and the integration is not high, resulting in a large layout space required, which affects the reasonable layout of other components of the vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present utility model is to provide a wide-body dump truck drive system and control method, so as to solve the problems of large gear shifting impact and long gear shifting time of the existing AMT transmission; solve the problems of low reliability and short life of the existing AMT transmission; solve the problem of insufficient mechanical braking capacity of the existing wide-body dump truck; solve the problem of low transmission efficiency of the current braking supplement scheme; and solve the problem of low integration of the existing AMT transmission.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is: a wide-body dump truck drive system, including a transmission, the transmission includes a first-stage planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a first brake, a second brake and a housing; the first-stage planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear, a planetary carrier, planetary gears and a ring gear; the sun gear is connected to the input shaft as a power input end; the planetary carrier is connected to the output shaft as a power output end; the planetary gears are supported by the fixed shaft of the planetary carrier, and the planetary gears are meshed with adjacent sun gears and ring gears; the ring gear is connected to the housing through a first brake; the sun gear is connected to the ring gear through a clutch; the planetary carrier is connected to the housing through a second brake; the outer ring of the ring gear is provided with transmission teeth, the ring gear drives the power take-off gear through the transmission teeth, and the power take-off gear drives the power take-off output shaft through a synchronizer.

[0010] As an improvement, two motors are provided at the input end, the motors are connected to the input gears, the input shaft is connected to the coupling gears, and the input gears are meshed with the coupling gears.

[0011] As an improvement, the planetary carrier is provided with an outer ring gear, which is engaged with the two-axis gear. The two-axis gear drives the output shaft to achieve unidirectional or bidirectional output, and the input shaft and the output shaft are not on the same axis.

[0012] As an improvement, two motors are provided at the input end, the motors are connected to the input gears, the input shafts are connected to the coupling gears, and the input gears are meshed with the coupling gears; an outer ring gear is provided on the planetary carrier, the outer ring gear is meshed with the two-shaft gears, and the two-shaft gears drive the output shaft to achieve unidirectional or bidirectional output, and the input shaft and the output shaft are not on the same axis.

[0013] As an improvement, the second brake is arranged outside the housing of the reducer, and the second brake is a multi-disc brake, an upper caliper brake or a drum brake.

[0014] As an improvement, the diameter of the power take-off gear is smaller than the diameter of the ring gear.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. It truly realizes automatic shifting, avoiding the current problems of AMT transmission shifting shock and delay in the industry, and effectively solves the safety accidents caused by excessive power interruption during the shifting process in mining conditions. At the same time, since the shifting can be completely carried out by the hydraulic system, it can better realize wire control and have a higher degree of integration with the unmanned driving system;

[0017] 2. The use of enclosed wet brakes and clutches effectively prevents corrosion and dust intrusion to the internal parts of the transmission caused by the harsh mining environment, extending the life of the components and increasing reliability.

[0018] 3. The wet brake is integrated into the transmission, effectively solving the problem of insufficient axle braking capacity in the current large-scale wide-body dump truck process, and meeting the increasingly stringent safety requirements of mining conditions;

[0019] 4. The integrated solution of planetary gear mechanism + power take-off + braking is adopted, which has a high degree of integration and is beneficial to the overall vehicle layout. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission relationship of Example 1.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission relationship of Example 2.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission relationship of Example 3.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission relationship of Example 5.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission relationship of Example 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a wide-body dump truck drive system includes a transmission, which includes a primary planetary gear mechanism, a clutch 6, a first brake 8, a second brake 13 and a housing 9.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the first-stage planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear 2, a planet carrier 4, several planetary gears 3 and a ring gear 7; the planetary gears 3 are supported by the fixed shaft of the planet carrier 4, allowing the planetary gears 3 to rotate on the supporting shaft, and the planetary gears 3 and the adjacent sun gear 2 and ring gear 7 are always in a constant meshing state.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the clutch 6 consists of a driving member and a driven member, wherein the driving member is mounted on the sun gear 2, and the driven member is mounted on the ring gear 7. When the clutch 6 is working, the driving member and the driven member are connected together, and the driven member and the driving member rotate as a whole. When the clutch 6 is not working, the driving member and the driven member are separated, and the two can move independently relative to each other.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, the first brake 8 is composed of a moving part and a fixed part, wherein the moving part is mounted on the ring gear 7 and the fixed part is mounted on the housing 9. When the first brake 8 is working, the moving part is connected to the fixed part and the moving part is restricted from moving, that is, the ring gear 7 is braked. Figure 1 As shown, the second brake 13 consists of a moving part and a fixed part, wherein the moving part is mounted on the planetary carrier 4, and the fixed part is mounted on the housing 9. When the second brake 13 is working, the moving part and the fixed part are connected together, and the moving part is restricted from moving, that is, the planetary carrier 4 is braked. When the second brake 13 is not working, the moving part and the fixed part are separated, and the two can move independently relative to each other.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the sun gear 2 serves as the power input of the transmission and is connected to an external power source via an input shaft 1. The planetary carrier 4 serves as the power output of the transmission and is connected to external driven components via an output shaft 5. The ring gear 7 is connected to the housing 9 via a first brake 8. When the first brake 8 is engaged, the ring gear 7 and the housing 9 are connected as a single unit, effectively fixing the ring gear 7 to the housing 9 and restricting its rotation. When the first brake 8 is disengaged, the ring gear 7 can rotate relative to the housing 9. The sun gear 2 is connected to the ring gear 7 via a clutch 6. When the clutch 6 is engaged, the sun gear 2 and the ring gear 7 are connected as a single unit and rotate together. When the clutch 6 is disengaged, the sun gear 2 and the ring gear 7 can rotate relative to each other. The planetary carrier 4 is connected to the housing 9 via a second brake 13. When the second brake 13 is engaged, the planetary carrier 4 and the housing 9 are connected as a single unit and restricting their rotation. When the second brake 13 is disengaged, the planetary carrier 4 can rotate relative to the housing 9. The outer ring of the gear ring 7 is provided with transmission teeth, and the gear ring 7 drives the power take-off gear 10 through the transmission teeth. The diameter of the power take-off gear 10 is smaller than that of the gear ring 7. The power take-off gear 10 drives the power take-off output shaft 12 through the synchronizer 11.

[0032] The utility model control method:

[0033] 1) In first gear, the clutch 6 and the second brake 13 are not working, and the first brake 8 is working. At this time, it is equivalent to the ring gear 7 being fixed, the sun gear 2 is input, and the planetary carrier 4 is output, achieving a large transmission ratio deceleration;

[0034] 2) In the second gear, the clutch 6 is in operation, and the first brake 8 and the second brake 13 are not in operation. At this time, the sun gear 2 and the ring gear 7 are rigidly connected and rotate together, and the planetary carrier 4 outputs at a transmission ratio of ;

[0035] 3) When the clutch 6, the first brake 81 and the second brake 13 are all not working, neutral is achieved;

[0036] 4) When the second brake 13 is in operation and the clutch 6 and the first brake 8 are not in operation, the power output from the ring gear is transmitted to the power take-off output shaft 12 through the action of the synchronizer 11, achieving pure power take-off. At this time, the vehicle is not allowed to move;

[0037] 5) When the clutch 6 is in operation and the first brake 8 and the second brake 13 are not in operation, the synchronizer 11 transmits the power output from the ring gear to the power take-off output shaft 12, achieving power take-off and drive. At this time, the vehicle can move;

[0038] 6) When the second brake 13 is working, the planet carrier 4 is decelerated or even restricted from rotating, thus achieving the braking function of the entire vehicle.

[0039] The control strategies for each gear are as follows:

[0040] gear Clutch 6 Brake 1 Brake 2 Synchronizer 11 Neutral Not working Not working Working / Not Working disconnect 1st gear Not working Work Working / Not Working disconnect 2nd gear Work Not working Working / Not Working disconnect Simple power generation Not working Not working Work join Power take-off + walking Work Not working Not working join brake Not working Not working Work disconnect .

[0041] Example 2

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, a wide-body dump truck drive system includes a transmission, which includes a primary planetary gear mechanism, a clutch 6, a first brake 8, a second brake 13, and a housing 9. The primary planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear 2, a planet carrier 4, a plurality of planetary gears 3, and a ring gear 7. The planetary gears 3 are supported by a fixed shaft of the planet carrier 4, allowing the planetary gears 3 to rotate on the support shaft. The planetary gears 3 are always in a constant meshing state with the adjacent sun gear 2 and ring gear 7.

[0043] like Figure 2As shown, the sun gear 2 serves as the transmission's power input and is connected to an external power source via an input shaft 1. Two motors 14 are located at the input end, connected to input gears 15. The input shaft 1 is connected to a coupling gear 16, which meshes with the input gear 15 to enable multiple motors 14 to be input. The planetary carrier 4 serves as the transmission's power output and can be connected to external components to be driven via an output shaft 5. The ring gear 7 is connected to the housing 9 via a first brake 8. When the first brake 8 is engaged, the ring gear 7 and the housing 9 are integrally connected, effectively fixing the ring gear 7 to the housing 9 and restricting its rotation. When the first brake 8 is disengaged, the ring gear 7 can rotate relative to the housing 9. The sun gear 2 is connected to the ring gear 7 via a clutch 6. When the clutch 6 is engaged, the sun gear 2 and the ring gear 7 are integrally connected and rotate together. When the clutch 6 is disengaged, the sun gear 2 and the ring gear 7 can rotate relative to each other. The planet carrier 4 is connected to the housing 9 via a second brake 13. When the second brake 13 is in operation, the planet carrier 4 and the housing 9 are connected as a whole, and the planet carrier 4 is restricted from rotating. When the second brake 13 is not in operation, the planet carrier 4 can rotate relative to the housing 9. The outer ring of the ring gear 7 is provided with transmission teeth, and the ring gear 7 drives the power take-off gear 10 via the transmission teeth. The diameter of the power take-off gear 10 is smaller than that of the ring gear 7. The power take-off gear 10 drives the power take-off output shaft 12 through a synchronizer 11.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, a wide-body dump truck drive system includes a transmission, which includes a primary planetary gear mechanism, a clutch 6, a first brake 8, a second brake 13, and a housing 9. The primary planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear 2, a planet carrier 4, a plurality of planetary gears 3, and a ring gear 7. The planetary gears 3 are supported by a fixed shaft of the planet carrier 4, allowing the planetary gears 3 to rotate on the support shaft. The planetary gears 3 are always in a constant meshing state with the adjacent sun gear 2 and ring gear 7.

[0046] like Figure 3As shown, the sun gear 2 serves as the transmission's power input and is connected to an external power source via an input shaft 1. The planetary carrier 4 serves as the transmission's power output and is connected to external driven components via an output shaft 5. The planetary carrier 4 is equipped with an external ring gear 18, which meshes with a two-shaft gear 17. These two-shaft gears 17 drive the output shaft 5 to achieve unidirectional or bidirectional output. The input shaft 1 and output shaft 5 are not coaxial. The ring gear 7 is connected to the housing 9 via a first brake 8. When the first brake 8 is engaged, the ring gear 7 and the housing 9 become integrally connected, effectively fixing the ring gear 7 to the housing 9 and restricting its rotation. When the first brake 8 is disengaged, the ring gear 7 can rotate relative to the housing 9. The sun gear 2 is connected to the ring gear 7 via a clutch 6. When the clutch 6 is engaged, the sun gear 2 and the ring gear 7 become integrally connected and rotate together. When the clutch 6 is disengaged, the sun gear 2 and the ring gear 7 can rotate relative to each other. The planet carrier 4 is connected to the housing 9 via a second brake 13. When the second brake 13 is in operation, the planet carrier 4 and the housing 9 are connected as a whole, and the planet carrier 4 is restricted from rotating. When the second brake 13 is not in operation, the planet carrier 4 can rotate relative to the housing 9. The outer ring of the ring gear 7 is provided with transmission teeth, and the ring gear 7 drives the power take-off gear 10 via the transmission teeth. The diameter of the power take-off gear 10 is smaller than that of the ring gear 7. The power take-off gear 10 drives the power take-off output shaft 12 through a synchronizer 11.

[0047] Example 4

[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, a wide-body dump truck drive system includes a transmission, which includes a primary planetary gear mechanism, a clutch 6, a first brake 8, a second brake 13, and a housing 9. The primary planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear 2, a planet carrier 4, a plurality of planetary gears 3, and a ring gear 7. The planetary gears 3 are supported by a fixed shaft of the planet carrier 4, allowing the planetary gears 3 to rotate on the support shaft. The planetary gears 3 are always in a constant meshing state with the adjacent sun gear 2 and ring gear 7.

[0049] like Figure 4As shown, the sun gear 2 serves as the transmission's power input and is connected to an external power source via an input shaft 1. The input is equipped with two motors, each connected to an input gear. The input shaft 1 is connected to a coupling gear, which meshes with the coupling gear to achieve multi-motor input. The planetary carrier 4 serves as the transmission's power output and can be connected to external components to be driven via an output shaft 5. The planetary carrier 4 is equipped with an external ring gear 18, which meshes with a second-axis gear 17. The second-axis gear 17 drives the output shaft 5 to achieve unidirectional or bidirectional output. The input shaft 1 and output shaft 5 are not coaxial. The ring gear 7 is connected to the housing 9 via a first brake 8. When the first brake 8 is in operation, the ring gear 7 and the housing 9 are connected as a single unit, effectively fixing the ring gear 7 to the housing 9 and restricting its rotation. When the first brake 8 is not in operation, the ring gear 7 can rotate relative to the housing 9. The sun gear 2 is connected to the ring gear 7 via a clutch 6. When the clutch 6 is engaged, the sun gear 2 and the ring gear 7 are connected as a single unit and rotate together. When the clutch 6 is disengaged, the sun gear 2 and the ring gear 7 can rotate relative to each other. The planet carrier 4 is connected to the housing 9 via a second brake 13. When the second brake 13 is engaged, the planet carrier 4 is connected as a single unit to the housing 9 and its rotation is restricted. When the second brake 13 is disengaged, the planet carrier 4 can rotate relative to the housing 9. The outer ring of the ring gear 7 is provided with transmission teeth. The ring gear 7 drives the power take-off gear 10 via these transmission teeth. The power take-off gear 10 has a smaller diameter than the ring gear 7. The power take-off gear 10 drives the power take-off output shaft 12 via a synchronizer 11.

[0050] Example 5

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, a wide-body dump truck drive system includes a transmission, which includes a primary planetary gear mechanism, a clutch 6, a first brake 8, a second brake 13, and a housing 9. The primary planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear 2, a planet carrier 4, a plurality of planetary gears 3, and a ring gear 7. The planetary gears 3 are supported by a fixed shaft of the planet carrier 4, allowing the planetary gears 3 to rotate on the support shaft. The planetary gears 3 are always in a constant meshing state with the adjacent sun gear 2 and ring gear 7.

[0052] like Figure 5As shown, the sun gear 2 serves as the transmission's power input and is connected to an external power source via an input shaft 1. The input is equipped with two motors, each connected to an input gear. The input shaft 1 is connected to a coupling gear, which meshes with the coupling gear to achieve multi-motor input. The planetary carrier 4 serves as the transmission's power output and can be connected to external components to be driven via an output shaft 5. The planetary carrier 4 is equipped with an external ring gear 18, which meshes with a second-axis gear 17. The second-axis gear 17 drives the output shaft 5 to achieve unidirectional or bidirectional output. The input shaft 1 and output shaft 5 are not coaxial. The ring gear 7 is connected to the housing 9 via a first brake 8. When the first brake 8 is in operation, the ring gear 7 and the housing 9 are connected as a single unit, effectively fixing the ring gear 7 to the housing 9 and restricting its rotation. When the first brake 8 is not in operation, the ring gear 7 can rotate relative to the housing 9. The sun gear 2 is connected to the ring gear 7 via a clutch 6. When the clutch 6 is engaged, the sun gear 2 and the ring gear 7 are connected as a single unit and rotate together. When the clutch 6 is disengaged, the sun gear 2 and the ring gear 7 can rotate relative to each other. The planet carrier 4 is connected to the housing 9 via a second brake 13. The second brake 13 is located outside the reducer housing 9 and can be a multi-disc brake, an upper caliper brake, or a drum brake. When the second brake 13 is engaged, the planet carrier 4 is connected as a single unit to the housing 9, restricting its rotation. When the second brake 13 is disengaged, the planet carrier 4 can rotate relative to the housing 9. The outer ring of the ring gear 7 is provided with transmission teeth. The ring gear 7 drives the power take-off gear 10 via these teeth. The power take-off gear 10 has a smaller diameter than the ring gear 7. The power take-off gear 10 drives the power take-off output shaft 12 via a synchronizer 11.

[0053] In addition, in the above technical solution, if the transmission ratio needs to be further increased, a second-stage planetary gear can be added on the basis of the existing first-stage planetary gear mechanism.

Claims

1. A wide-body dump truck drive system, including a transmission, characterized in that: The transmission includes a primary planetary gear mechanism, a clutch, a first brake, a second brake, and a housing; the primary planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear, a planet carrier, planetary gears, and a ring gear; the sun gear is connected to the input shaft as a power input end; the planet carrier is connected to the output shaft as a power output end; The planetary gears are supported by the fixed shaft of the planetary carrier, and the planetary gears are meshed with the adjacent sun gear and ring gear; The ring gear is connected to the housing through the first brake; the sun gear is connected to the ring gear through the clutch; the planet carrier is connected to the housing through the second brake; the outer ring of the ring gear is provided with transmission teeth, and the ring gear drives the power take-off gear through the transmission teeth, and the power take-off gear drives the power take-off output shaft through the synchronizer.

2. A wide-body dump truck drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input end is provided with two motors, the motors are connected to the input gears, the input shaft is connected to the coupling gears, and the input gears are meshed with the coupling gears.

3. A wide-body dump truck drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planet carrier is provided with an outer ring gear, which is engaged with the two-axis gears. The two-axis gears drive the output shaft to achieve unidirectional or bidirectional output. The input shaft and the output shaft are not on the same axis.

4. A wide-body dump truck drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two motors are provided at the input end, the motors are connected to the input gears, the input shaft is connected to the coupling gear, and the input gear is meshed with the coupling gear; the planetary carrier is provided with an outer ring gear, the outer ring gear is meshed with the two-axis gears, and the two-axis gears drive the output shaft to achieve unidirectional or bidirectional output, and the input shaft and the output shaft are not on the same axis.

5. A wide-body dump truck drive system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second brake is arranged outside the housing of the reducer, and the second brake is a multi-disc brake, an upper caliper brake or a drum brake.

6. The wide-body dump truck drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the power take-off gear is smaller than the diameter of the ring gear.

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