Foundation pit reinforcing and protecting structure
By using crown beams, reinforced concrete ring beams, waist beams and anchor cables in the foundation pit, reinforcement protection is carried out separately for non-bedrock sections and bedrock sections, the problem of insufficient safety caused by differences in geological conditions in the foundation pit construction is solved, and the stability and safety of construction are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521519643.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-29
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-07-21
AI Technical Summary
In foundation pit construction, the geological conditions and mechanical characteristics of non-bedrock sections and bedrock sections are significantly different, and it is difficult for the existing technology to effectively strengthen targeted, resulting in insufficient construction safety.
The non-bedrock section is reinforced and protected by crown beams, multiple reinforced concrete ring beams, waist beams, and first anchor cables. The bedrock section is reinforced and protected by the second anchor cable and connecting plate. The connecting plate is attached to the sprayed concrete layer to increase the contact area and improve stress transmission.
It improves the safety and stability of foundation pit construction, reduces local compressive stress, enhances the stability of support, adapts to the characteristics of different geological sections, and has lower construction cycle and cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN223281336U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of foundation pit construction, in particular to a foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure. Background Art
[0002] Foundation pit construction often involves non-bedrock sections (such as soil layers, sand layers, and soft rock) and bedrock sections (hard, intact rock). The geological conditions and mechanical properties of these sections differ significantly. The soil in these sections is loose and weak, making them prone to deformation, collapse, or seepage damage (such as sand liquefaction and clay creep). Bedrock sections, on the other hand, have high rock strength and strong self-stabilization capabilities, but may contain cracks, faults, or fracture zones.
[0003] Therefore, different protective measures should be taken to reinforce the bedrock section and the non-bedrock section. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure that can perform targeted protection and reinforcement on bedrock sections and non-bedrock sections, thereby improving the safety of foundation pit construction.
[0005] A foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure, comprising:
[0006] The crown beam is a ring-shaped structure set at the top of the foundation pit;
[0007] A plurality of reinforced concrete ring beams spaced apart in the height direction are provided below the crown beam;
[0008] The waist beam is a ring-shaped structure and is arranged below the reinforced concrete ring beam;
[0009] Anchor cables, including a first anchor cable and a second anchor cable, wherein the first anchor cable is anchored to the waist beam, and the second anchor cable is anchored to the bedrock section of the foundation pit;
[0010] The bedrock section is provided with a sprayed concrete layer, the second anchor cable is anchored to the sprayed concrete layer, and a connecting plate is provided at the end of the second anchor cable, and the connecting plate is in contact with the sprayed concrete layer.
[0011] Preferably, the connecting plate is rectangular or circular in shape.
[0012] Preferably, the connecting plate is a steel plate.
[0013] Preferably, the connecting plate is connected to the end of the second anchor cable by welding.
[0014] Preferably, the area of the connecting plate is 0.1 m 2 -0.5m 2 .
[0015] Preferably, the first anchor cable is a locking anchor cable, and the second anchor cable is a mortar anchor rod or a glass fiber anchor rod.
[0016] Preferably, a steel mesh is hung on the bedrock section, and the sprayed concrete layer is sprayed on the steel mesh.
[0017] Preferably, the waist beam adopts a reinforced concrete structure.
[0018] Preferably, the spacing between two adjacent reinforced concrete ring beams is 3m-5m.
[0019] Preferably, the crown beam, the reinforced concrete ring beam and the waist beam are all circular beams.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0021] The utility model provides a foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure, which adopts different reinforcement and protection measures according to the different geological characteristics of the non-bedrock section and the bedrock section, wherein the non-bedrock section is reinforced and protected by a crown beam, multiple reinforced concrete ring beams, a waist beam, and a first anchor cable, and the bedrock section is reinforced and protected by a second anchor cable. A connecting plate is also provided at the end of the second anchor cable, and the connecting plate is abutted against the bedrock sprayed concrete layer, so that the contact area between the second anchor cable and the sprayed concrete layer can be increased, local compressive stress can be reduced, stress transfer can be improved, the probability of stress disappearance of the second anchor cable can be reduced, and the stability of the support can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view (longitudinal) of the foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure described in the present utility model.
[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view (horizontally) of the foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure described in the present utility model.
[0024] Markings in the figure:
[0025] 1-crown beam, 2-reinforced concrete ring beam, 3-waist beam, 4-anchor cable, 41-first anchor cable, 42-second anchor cable, 421-connecting plate, 5-sprayed concrete layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
[0027] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the terms indicating orientation or positional relationships such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inside," and "outside" are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientation or positional relationships in which the product / device / apparatus of the present invention is placed when it is conventionally used. These terms indicating orientation or positional relationships are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description of the specific embodiments to facilitate a quick understanding of the solutions by technicians. They do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0028] In addition, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "overhanging," "parallel," and "coaxial" does not necessarily require that the corresponding devices / components / elements be absolutely horizontal, vertical, overhanging, parallel, or coaxial. Instead, they may be slightly tilted or have deviations, as long as they do not affect the normal function of the relevant components. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. "Coaxial" means that the two components are arranged as coaxially as possible, so that they move in a coaxial or approximately coaxial manner when their relative positions change. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding devices / components / elements are arranged in a "horizontal," "vertical," "overhanging," "parallel," or "coaxial" direction, and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within an error / deviation of ±8%, more preferably within an error / deviation of ±6%, more preferably within an error / deviation of ±5%, and more preferably within an error / deviation of ±4%. For example, the deviation in the "coaxial" direction is controlled within 0.2-1mm, preferably within 0.2-0.5mm. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.
[0029] In addition, the expressions “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. in the terms are merely used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of specific components.
[0030] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "a plurality", and "a number" represent at least 2. It can be any number such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and even more than 9.
[0031] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solutions of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified / defined / restricted, the terms "dispose," "install," "connect," "connected," "provided with," "laid," and "arranged" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections. They may be welding, riveting, bolting, threading, or other commonly used connection methods in the art. Such connections may be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they may be direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components.
[0032] Example 1
[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure includes a crown beam 1, a reinforced concrete ring beam 2, a waist beam 3, and an anchor cable 4.
[0034] The crown beam 1 is arranged on the top of the foundation pit. The crown beam 1 is a ring-shaped structure, which plays a role in enhancing structural rigidity and coordinating deformation.
[0035] A plurality of reinforced concrete ring beams 2 are sequentially arranged below the crown beam 1, that is, a plurality of reinforced concrete ring beams 2 are spaced apart along the height direction. The reinforced concrete ring beams 2 are annular structures, which play a role in enhancing structural rigidity and coordinating deformation.
[0036] A ring-shaped waist beam 3 is positioned below the reinforced concrete ring beam 2. The waist beam 3 can also be provided by the lowest reinforced concrete ring beam 2. The waist beam 3 can be made of reinforced concrete. The waist beam 3 not only enhances structural rigidity and coordinates deformation, but also serves to anchor the first anchor cable 41. The waist beam 3 is typically located at the junction of the bedrock section and the non-bedrock section.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the crown beam 1, the reinforced concrete ring beam 2, and the waist beam 3 are all circular beams. To achieve a better reinforcement effect, the spacing between two adjacent reinforced concrete ring beams 2 can be set to 3m-5m, the spacing between the crown beam 1 and the reinforced concrete ring beam 2 can be set to 3m-5m, and the spacing between the waist beam 3 and the reinforced concrete ring beam 2 can be set to 3m-5m.
[0038] The anchor cable 4 includes a first anchor cable 41 and a second anchor cable 42, wherein the first anchor cable 41 is anchored to the waist beam 3, and the second anchor cable 42 is anchored to the bedrock section of the foundation pit. In a preferred embodiment, the first anchor cable 41 adopts a locking anchor cable, and the second anchor cable 42 adopts a mortar anchor rod or a glass fiber anchor rod. The inclination angle of the locking anchor cable can be set to 15 degrees and the length is 14m, wherein the free section is 6m and the anchoring section is 8m. In a preferred embodiment, the inclination angle of the mortar anchor rod can be set to 15 degrees and the length is 7m, and the inclination angle of the mortar anchor rod can be arranged in a plum blossom shape. The glass fiber anchor rod can be set within the shield crossing range and the reserved range of the communication channel, and the length of the glass fiber anchor rod can be set to 4m-7m.
[0039] The bedrock section is provided with a sprayed concrete layer 5, and the second anchor cable 42 is anchored to the sprayed concrete layer 5. A connecting plate 421 is provided at the end of the second anchor cable 42. When the second anchor cable is tensioned, the connecting plate 421 is closely attached to the sprayed concrete layer 5. By providing the connecting plate 421 at the end of the second anchor cable 42, the connecting plate 421 can be in contact with the bedrock sprayed concrete layer 5. This can increase the contact area between the second anchor cable 42 and the sprayed concrete layer 5, reduce local compressive stress, improve stress transfer, reduce the probability of stress disappearance in the second anchor cable 42, and improve support stability.
[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the shape of the connecting plate 421 is a rectangular plate or a circular plate. In a preferred embodiment, the connecting plate 421 is a steel plate. In a preferred embodiment, the area of the connecting plate 421 is 0.1m 2 -0.5m 2 In this way, the contact area between the connecting plate 421 and the sprayed concrete layer 5 can be ensured, and the local compressive stress can be reduced.
[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the connecting plate 421 is connected to the end of the second anchor cable 42 by welding, which facilitates construction.
[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the bedrock section may also be provided with a steel mesh, and the sprayed concrete layer 5 is sprayed onto the steel mesh, thereby further enhancing the protective effect.
[0043] The utility model provides a foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure, which adopts different reinforcement and protection measures according to the different geological characteristics of the non-bedrock section and the bedrock section, thereby achieving better reinforcement and protection effects and reducing the construction period and construction cost. Among them, since the soil in the non-bedrock section is loose and has low strength, it is prone to deformation, collapse or seepage damage (such as sand layer liquefaction, clay creep). Therefore, the non-bedrock section can be reinforced and protected by the crown beam 1, multiple reinforced concrete ring beams 2, waist beam 3, and first anchor cable 41, which can achieve higher support stiffness and better protection effect. Since the rock section has high rock strength and strong self-stabilization ability, but there may be cracks, faults or broken zones, the bedrock section can be reinforced and protected by the second anchor cable 42, which can achieve rapid reinforcement and protection. Among them, in response to the problem of rapid disappearance of stress during the construction of the second anchor cable 42, the utility model also provides a connecting plate 421 at the end of the second anchor cable 42, and the connecting plate 421 is close to the bedrock sprayed concrete layer 5, so that the contact area between the second anchor cable 42 and the sprayed concrete layer 5 can be increased, local compressive stress can be reduced, stress transfer can be improved, the probability of stress disappearance of the second anchor cable 42 can be reduced, and the stability of the support can be improved.
[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure, characterized in that: include: A crown beam (1), a ring-shaped structure, is arranged at the top of the foundation pit; A plurality of reinforced concrete ring beams (2) arranged at intervals along the height direction and disposed below the crown beam (1); A waist beam (3) having an annular structure, arranged below the reinforced concrete ring beam (2); Anchor cables (4) comprising a first anchor cable (41) and a second anchor cable (42), wherein the first anchor cable (41) is anchored to the waist beam (3), and the second anchor cable (42) is anchored to the bedrock section of the foundation pit; The bedrock section is provided with a sprayed concrete layer (5), the second anchor cable (42) is anchored to the sprayed concrete layer (5), and a connecting plate (421) is provided at the end of the second anchor cable (42), and the connecting plate (421) is in contact with the sprayed concrete layer (5).
2. The foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate (421) is in a rectangular or circular shape.
3. The foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting plate (421) is a steel plate.
4. The foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting plate (421) is welded to the end of the second anchor cable (42).
5. The foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The area of the connecting plate (421) is 0.1 m 2 -0.5m 2 .
6. A foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first anchor cable (41) is a locking anchor cable, and the second anchor cable (42) is a mortar anchor rod or a glass fiber anchor rod.
7. A foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A steel mesh is hung on the bedrock section, and the sprayed concrete layer (5) is sprayed on the steel mesh.
8. A foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The waist beam (3) adopts a reinforced concrete structure.
9. A foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The spacing between two adjacent reinforced concrete ring beams (2) is 3m-5m.
10. A foundation pit reinforcement and protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The crown beam (1), the reinforced concrete ring beam (2), and the waist beam (3) are all circular beams.