New energy automobile battery fire extinguishing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a new energy automobile battery fire extinguishing device which comprises a shell and a mounting plate, the mounting plate is detachably connected with the shell through a bolt, a partition plate is arranged in the shell, a threading hole is formed in the bottom of the partition plate, a blocking mechanism is arranged in the partition plate and used for sealing the threading hole, and the mounting plate is detachably connected with the mounting plate through a bolt. The blocking mechanism comprises a blocking plate, a compression spring and an expansion block, and the compression spring is arranged on one side of the threading hole. The battery compartment is divided into a plurality of areas through the matched arrangement of the shell and the partition plates, damage to other single batteries caused by fire can be reduced, and through the matched arrangement of the partition plates, the compression springs, the threading holes and the expansion blocks, when the temperature rises due to the fact that the batteries are abnormal, the battery compartment is separated into a plurality of areas. The expansion block can be heated to expand so as to push the baffle to move, internal fire is prevented from spreading, escape time is provided for a driver and passengers, and the safety of the vehicle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy vehicle safety, and in particular to a battery fire extinguishing device for a new energy vehicle. Background Art

[0002] New energy vehicles (NEVs) are electric-powered vehicles with minimal environmental pollution, leading to their rapid development in recent years. However, the safety of their power batteries is a major factor limiting their development, particularly lithium-ion batteries. While these batteries excel in high energy density and long driving range, they suffer from relatively poor thermal stability and can experience thermal runaway under abnormal conditions. This can lead to spontaneous combustion in severe driving conditions, severely damaging the vehicle itself and posing significant safety risks to passengers and the surrounding environment.

[0003] To effectively improve vehicle safety, some new energy vehicles are equipped with battery fire extinguishing devices. For example, patent publication number CN106807003A discloses a battery compartment fire extinguishing system and a new energy vehicle. The patent's battery compartment fire extinguishing system includes a detection device, a fire extinguishing device, and a control device. The fire extinguishing system can accurately implement fire extinguishing operations corresponding to the current fire situation in the battery compartment, while saving resources and achieving a more thorough fire extinguishing effect, thereby improving the driving safety of new energy vehicles. However, since new energy power batteries are usually composed of multiple single cells connected in series or parallel to meet the required voltage and power requirements, when one group of batteries catches fire, it is easy to burn the entire battery pack together. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a battery fire extinguishing device that can reduce damage to other battery cells. Utility Model Content

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the utility model provides a new energy vehicle battery fire extinguishing device, which solves the problem that the existing fire extinguishing methods are not effective in extinguishing lithium battery fires.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a new energy vehicle battery fire extinguishing device includes a detection unit arranged inside the battery, the battery includes a shell and a mounting plate, the mounting plate and the shell are detachably connected by bolts, a partition plate is provided inside the shell, a wire threading hole is provided at the bottom of the partition plate, and a blocking mechanism is provided inside the partition plate for closing the wire threading hole; this technical solution divides the interior of the shell into multiple areas through the coordinated arrangement of the shell and the partition plate to prevent the fire from spreading too quickly in the event of an accident, thereby providing time for the driver and passengers to escape and extinguish the fire.

[0006] The blocking mechanism includes a blocking plate, a compression spring and an expansion block, wherein the compression spring is arranged on one side of the wire threading hole, the expansion block is arranged on the other side of the wire threading hole and the expansion block is a thermal expansion metal, the blocking plate can be slidably arranged inside the wire threading hole, and the two ends of the blocking plate are respectively connected to the compression spring and the expansion block; through the coordinated arrangement of the blocking plate, the compression spring, the wire threading hole and the expansion block, when the battery becomes abnormal and the temperature rises, the expansion block can expand due to the heat, thereby pushing the blocking plate to move, so that the blocking plate closes the wire threading hole on the partition plate, preventing the internal fire from spreading rapidly, and providing escape time for the driver and passengers.

[0007] A delivery pipe is provided on the top of the mounting plate, and a dispersion hole is provided on the top of the shell. The delivery pipe is connected to the dispersion hole and is used to pass the fire extinguishing medium into the interior of the shell, thereby improving the safety of the battery compartment.

[0008] Furthermore, a fixing bolt is connected through the top of the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is connected to the shell through the fixing bolt.

[0009] Furthermore, a liquid inlet hole is provided on the upper surface of the shell, the bottom of the liquid inlet hole is communicated with the interior of the dispersion hole, and the delivery pipe is detachably connected to the liquid inlet hole.

[0010] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the liquid inlet hole for sealing the gap between the liquid inlet hole and the delivery pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, a positioning groove is provided on the upper surface of the shell, and a positioning plate is provided on the bottom of the mounting plate, and the positioning plate is plugged into the positioning groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the side surfaces of the shell and the top of the mounting plate are provided with reinforcing ribs to increase the yield strength.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The new energy vehicle battery fire extinguishing device of this utility model divides the battery compartment into multiple areas through the coordinated arrangement of the housing and the partition plate, thereby preventing the rapid spread of an accidental fire and reducing damage to other battery cells;

[0015] 2. This utility model uses a barrier mechanism. When a battery abnormality causes a temperature rise, the expansion block can expand due to the heat, thereby pushing the barrier plate to move. The barrier plate blocks the threading hole on the partition plate, preventing the internal fire from spreading, giving the driver and passengers time to escape, and reducing damage to other battery cells and equipment.

[0016] 3. The utility model sets a sensor in each battery compartment and coordinates the delivery pipe and the dispersion hole. After a fire is determined to have occurred, the fire extinguishing medium can be directly introduced into the corresponding battery compartment, thereby improving vehicle safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the utility model new energy vehicle battery fire extinguishing device;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the battery and the delivery pipe of the fire extinguishing unit of the utility model

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the top structure of the battery housing;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the battery;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure enlarged at point A in the middle.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Shell; 2. Mounting plate; 3. Partition plate; 4. Threading hole; 5. Blocking plate; 6. Compression spring; 7. Expansion block; 8. Delivery pipe; 9. Dispersion hole; 10. Temperature sensor; 11. Control unit; 12. Solenoid valve; 13. Liquid inlet hole; 14. Sealing ring; 15. Positioning groove; 16. Positioning plate; 17. Reinforcement rib, 18. Storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Example: Figure 1 、 2As shown in Figures 3 and 4, a new energy vehicle battery fire extinguishing device of this embodiment includes a detection unit, which is arranged inside the battery. The detection unit is connected to the control unit 11 to transmit the detection signal to the control unit. The control unit 11 is connected to the fire extinguishing unit to output and control the control signal of the fire extinguishing unit. The battery includes a shell 1 and a mounting plate 2. The mounting plate 2 and the shell 1 are detachably connected by bolts. A partition plate 3 is provided inside the shell 1. The partition plate 3 is vertically arranged inside the shell 1. A threading hole 4 is provided at the bottom of the partition plate 3. A blocking mechanism is provided at the corresponding threading hole 4 inside the partition plate 3. A delivery pipe 8 is provided at the top of the mounting plate 2, and a dispersion hole 9 is provided at the top of the shell 1. The delivery pipe 8 is connected to the dispersion hole 9 for passing the fire extinguishing medium into the shell 1. The detection unit is used to detect whether a fire has occurred in the battery compartment. During implementation, the detection device includes a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor or a photoelectric sensor, or a combination of the above three sensors. This embodiment uses a temperature sensor 10. The control unit 11 is connected to the detection unit and the fire extinguishing unit respectively, and is used to receive the data transmitted by the detection unit and output the control signal to control the fire extinguishing unit. The control unit adopts independent power supply control. When the detection system detects that the temperature in the battery compartment is abnormal, the control unit 11 controls the fire extinguishing system to release the fire extinguishing medium into the battery compartment to extinguish the fire. The fire extinguishing unit includes a storage tank 18 and a delivery pipe 8 for storing the fire extinguishing medium. The storage tank 18 is set on one side of the battery. The outlet of the storage tank 18 is provided with a solenoid valve 12. The solenoid valve 12 is connected to the control unit 11 to control the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 12. The fire extinguishing medium is mainly heptafluoropropane, perfluorohexanone, etc. This embodiment uses perfluorohexanone. Perfluorohexanone is a new type of clean fire extinguishing agent that is clear, colorless, slightly odorous, and easily vaporized at room temperature. It has excellent fire extinguishing performance, is safe for personnel, and is non-conductive. In this embodiment, a temperature sensor 10 is provided in each battery compartment to prevent missed fire reports and improve the reliability of the utility model.

[0025] In other embodiments of the present invention not shown in the drawings, a pressure relief valve is provided on the top of the housing 1, corresponding to the battery compartment. When a fire occurs, the pressure in the battery compartment can be relieved in time, thereby improving the safety of the entire vehicle.

[0026] The barrier structure of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 4As shown, the blocking mechanism of this embodiment includes a blocking plate 5, a compression spring 6, and an expansion block 7. The compression spring 6 is located on one side of the threading hole 4, and the expansion block 7 is located on the other side of the threading hole 4. The expansion block 7 is made of thermally expandable metal. The blocking plate 5 is slidably disposed inside the threading hole 4. The two ends of the blocking plate 5 are respectively connected to the compression spring 6 and the expansion block 7. When the battery temperature abnormally increases, the expansion block 7 expands due to the heat, squeezing the blocking plate 5 and pushing it toward the other side, causing the blocking plate 5 to block the threading hole 4, thereby separating the battery compartments on both sides and reducing the risk of fire spreading.

[0027] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 , the mounting plate shell 1 is installed at the bottom of the vehicle through the mounting plate 2, that is, the chassis position. A battery compartment is provided inside the shell 1 for installing the battery. The partition plate 3 divides the battery compartment into multiple areas to reduce the impact of adjacent areas on each other. The threading hole 4 is provided at the bottom of the battery compartment to facilitate connecting the batteries between multiple battery compartments through wires. Under normal circumstances, the compression spring 6 pushes the blocking plate 5 downward to align the holes on the blocking plate 5 with the threading hole 4 so that the wires can pass through the threading hole 4. When the battery temperature is abnormal and the internal temperature rises, the expansion block 7 will expand, pushing the blocking plate 5 so that the blocking plate 5 The partition 5 blocks the threading hole 4, thereby separating the battery compartments on both sides, reducing the impact on each other and lowering the risk of fire spreading. At the same time, a protrusion is provided in the hole in the middle of the barrier plate 5, which can better block the threading hole 4. A storage compartment is provided outside the battery, which stores a fire extinguishing medium. The delivery pipe 8 is connected to the storage tank 18 outside the battery. At the same time, a plurality of temperature sensors 10 are provided inside the battery compartment. When it is detected that the temperature inside the battery compartment is too high, the delivery pipe 8 can pass the external fire extinguishing medium into the battery compartment. The delivery pipe 8 is connected to the outside of the battery and can pass the fire extinguishing medium into the battery compartment when a fire is detected. In other embodiments of the present invention, a cutting blade is provided on the barrier plate 5. When the barrier plate 5 is pushed forward, the cutting blade at one end will cut off the connecting wire in the threading hole 4, so that the barrier plate 5 can continue to move and close the threading hole 4.

[0028] In this embodiment, see Figure 3 and Figure 4A liquid inlet hole 13 is provided on the upper surface of the shell 1. A liquid inlet hole 13 is provided on the top of the shell corresponding to each battery compartment. The bottom of the liquid inlet hole 13 is communicated with the inside of the dispersion hole 9. There are multiple dispersion holes 9, which are arranged in an inverted cone shape. The delivery pipe 8 is detachably connected to the liquid inlet hole 13. A sealing ring 14 is provided between the liquid inlet hole 13 and the delivery pipe 8 to seal the gap between the delivery pipe 8 and the delivery pipe 8. A positioning groove 15 is provided on the upper surface of the shell 1. A positioning plate 16 is provided at the bottom of the mounting plate 2. The positioning plate 16 is plugged into the positioning groove 15. When the shell 1 and the mounting plate 2 are installed, the positioning plate 16 and the positioning groove 15 can fix the installation position of the two and reduce the deviation that occurs during the installation process. At the same time, after installation, the delivery pipe 8 is connected to the liquid inlet hole 13, and the fire extinguishing medium flows into the liquid inlet hole 13 along the delivery pipe 8, and then flows into the dispersion hole 9 from the liquid inlet hole 13. The dispersion hole 9 can evenly disperse the fire extinguishing medium in the battery compartment. Specifically, the delivery pipe 8 is connected to the liquid inlet hole 13 through a branch pipe. The connecting end of the delivery branch pipe and the liquid inlet hole 13 is tilted downward to facilitate the connection between the two. When the mounting plate 2 is connected to the shell 1, the delivery branch pipe can be against the liquid inlet hole 13. At the same time, a sealing ring 14 is provided in the liquid inlet hole 13 to prevent the fire extinguishing medium from flowing out.

[0029] In this embodiment, the sides of the shell 1 and the top of the mounting plate 2 are provided with reinforcing ribs 17 to increase the yield strength. The reinforcing ribs 17 increase the strength of the shell 1 and the mounting plate 2, which can make the battery compartment less likely to deform, improve its durability, and extend its service life.

[0030] The above is a detailed introduction to the specific implementation methods provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A new energy vehicle battery fire extinguishing device, comprising a detection unit arranged inside the battery, the battery comprising a housing (1) and a mounting plate (2), the mounting plate (2) and the housing (1) being detachably connected, characterized in that: A plurality of partition plates (3) are provided inside the shell (1) to divide the inner cavity of the shell (1) into a plurality of battery compartments. The detection unit is arranged in the battery compartment. Threading holes (4) are provided at the bottoms of the partition plates (3). Blocking mechanisms are provided inside the partition plates (3) at locations corresponding to the threading holes (4). A delivery pipe (8) is provided on the top of the mounting plate (2), and a dispersion hole (9) is provided on the top of the shell (1). The delivery pipe (8) is in communication with the dispersion hole (9) for passing the fire extinguishing medium into the interior of the shell (1).

2. The new energy vehicle battery fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blocking mechanism comprises a blocking plate (5), a compression spring (6) and an expansion block (7), wherein the compression spring (6) is arranged on one side of the threading hole (4), and the expansion block (7) is arranged on the other side of the threading hole (4), and the expansion block (7) is a thermal expansion metal. The blocking plate (5) is slidably arranged inside the threading hole (4), and the two ends of the blocking plate (5) are respectively connected to the compression spring (6) and the expansion block (7).

3. The new energy vehicle battery fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid inlet hole (13) is provided on the upper surface of the shell (1), the bottom of the liquid inlet hole (13) is communicated with the interior of the dispersion hole (9), and the delivery pipe (8) is detachably connected to the liquid inlet hole (13).

4. The new energy vehicle battery fire extinguishing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing ring (14) is provided on the inner wall of the liquid inlet hole (13) to seal the gap between the liquid inlet hole (13) and the delivery pipe (8).

5. The new energy vehicle battery fire extinguishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A positioning groove (15) is provided on the upper surface of the housing (1), and a positioning plate (16) is provided on the bottom of the mounting plate (2), wherein the positioning plate (16) is plugged into the positioning groove (15).

6. The new energy vehicle battery fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The side surfaces of the housing (1) and the top of the mounting plate (2) are both provided with reinforcing ribs (17) to increase their yield strength.

Images