Small-radius curve fastener embedded sleeve for existing passenger and freight collinear railway

Abstract

The utility model discloses a small-radius curve fastener embedded sleeve for an existing passenger and freight collinear railway. The small-radius curve fastener embedded sleeve comprises an inner-layer structure and an outer-layer structure, wherein the inner-layer structure is composed of an outer pipe and an inner pipe; an internal thread is arranged in the outer pipe, protrusions are arranged on the outer portion of the outer pipe at intervals, and the outer pipe is pre-buried and fixed in the concrete sleeper. An external thread is arranged outside the inner pipe, and the external thread of the inner pipe is matched with the internal thread of the outer pipe to form detachable threaded connection; spike mounting holes for mounting and fixing spikes are formed in the inner pipe. During field maintenance, the inner pipe can be heated by a special heating rod, so that the inner pipe is smoothly taken out, a new inner pipe is replaced and directly screwed into the outer pipe, and the spike can be remounted, so that quick maintenance and replacement are realized, and the maintenance workload is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of railway engineering, and in particular relates to a pre-buried sleeve for a small-radius curve fastener used in an existing passenger-freight co-line railway. Background Art

[0002] In the field of rail transit, whether it is high-speed railways, conventional railways, heavy-haul freight railways, or urban rail transit, the design, construction, and operation of curved tracks are more complex than straight tracks in terms of structural strength, material selection, line construction, and operation and maintenance. In particular, railway lines with a curve radius of less than 600m have higher requirements for infrastructure and structural components.

[0003] Traditional track construction methods, whether for straight or curved tracks, utilize conventional sleeper skeletons. Due to the unique characteristics of curved tracks, conventional sleepers and rail fasteners struggle to meet the tight curve radius requirements, potentially leading to vertical balance issues, twisting, and slipping, resulting in difficult-to-eliminate operational accidents and potential hazards. For a long time, previous track construction standards mandated the use of wooden sleepers. However, with the implementation of the "Railway Line Repair Regulations" on October 1, 2006, the prohibition on laying concrete sleepers on curves with a radius of less than 300m was lifted. Consequently, the use of concrete sleepers on small-radius curves has been expanded. However, in the early days of using concrete sleepers, either ordinary line sleepers and fasteners were used directly, resulting in a large workload for curve maintenance, a short service life, and some sections had to be replaced with wooden sleepers; or modified experimental small-radius sleepers were used. Although the requirements for widening the curve track gauge can be met after the small-radius curve concrete sleepers and fasteners are modified, there are still special problems that occur after the use of small-radius curve fasteners: the concrete sleeper shoulder is squeezed and the track gauge cannot be maintained, the rail groove is crushed and worn, resulting in a small rail inversion, poor track gauge maintenance, fastener spring bars and bolts are broken, and the workload of maintenance is large, which seriously affects the frame strength and service life of the track.

[0004] Small-radius curves on mixed-passenger and freight lines primarily refer to lines with a maximum axle load of 25t and a curve radius of less than 600m. According to incomplete statistics from various railway bureaus, my country currently has over 12,000 kilometers of existing small-radius curves. Due to the high lateral wheel-rail forces and significant rail tipping in small-radius curves, damage to rails, sleepers, and fasteners is severe. In recent years, with the significant increase in freight volume and train axle loads, damage to sleepers and fasteners has become increasingly severe, and the severity of small-radius curve problems has become more pronounced. Small-radius curves have become one of the weakest links in my country's track structure and a top priority for line maintenance. Consequently, the sleepers and fasteners in existing small-radius curves have severely restricted and hindered the normal operation of existing lines and the development of mixed-passenger and freight lines in my country.

[0005] Over the past 20 years, domestic railway bureaus have also developed a variety of sleepers and fasteners to address the above-mentioned issues. However, these products suffer from poor versatility, easy damage to rail pads and baffles, difficulty in on-site installation and adjustment, and high costs. The maintenance of small-radius curves on passenger and freight railways remains one of the most thorny issues for railway bureaus' engineering and maintenance departments. Therefore, it is extremely necessary and urgent to thoroughly and effectively resolve the problems existing in small-radius curves and to systematically and comprehensively carry out the research and development of sleepers and fasteners for small-radius curves.

[0006] Based on the summary and analysis of the application experience of existing sleepers and fasteners, this application conducts a comprehensive analysis and study on the wheel-rail relationship of small-radius curves, and systematically carries out experimental research on sleepers and fasteners of small-radius curves to ensure the stability of the line track geometry and extend the service life of sleepers and fasteners, and effectively reduce the workload of maintenance and repair of small-radius curves.

[0007] After research and development, the applicant has developed a new small-radius curve fastener for use with small-radius concrete sleepers. It has a simple structure and is easy to install and disassemble, which has made great improvements in ensuring the stability of the track structure and reducing maintenance workload.

[0008] When fastening railroad spikes on tight curves, securing them to the sleeper is crucial. Existing solutions embed spikes directly into the sleeper. When these spikes become damaged after prolonged use, maintenance personnel must destroy the sleeper to reinstall them, preventing rapid repair and replacement. Utility Model Content

[0009] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the utility model provides a small-radius curve fastener embedded sleeve for an existing passenger-freight co-line railway.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] A pre-buried sleeve for a small-radius curve fastener used in existing passenger-freight railways comprises an inner and outer two-layer structure consisting of an outer tube and an inner tube; the outer tube is provided with an inner thread on the inside and projections are provided at intervals on the outside, and the outer tube is pre-buried and fixed in a concrete sleeper; the inner tube is provided with an outer thread on the outside, which cooperates with the inner thread of the outer tube to form a detachable threaded connection; and the inner tube is provided with a spike mounting hole for mounting and fixing a spike.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer tube is provided with a one-way locking mechanism at the bottom of the spiral groove of the internal thread, so as to realize forward entry and reverse locking of the inner tube during installation.

[0013] Furthermore, the one-way locking mechanism is one or more barbs distributed along the thread groove, the barbs are in the form of spring leaves, and are all inclined in one direction.

[0014] Furthermore, the protrusion on the outside of the outer tube is a hemispherical protrusion.

[0015] Furthermore, the road spike installation hole on the inner tube is a spiral hole, the lower half of the road spike is a spiral portion, and the spiral portion of the road spike is installed in coordination with the spiral hole.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] 1. The application of the utility model is that when the road spike and the inner tube are damaged after long-term or repeated installation and use, or in the ballasted line, mud and sand and other impurities enter the casing, causing the casing to be blocked, on-site maintenance can be carried out by drilling out the mud and sand with an electric drill, and heating the inner tube with a special heating rod, so that the inner tube can be smoothly removed, and then a new inner tube can be directly screwed into the outer tube to reinstall the road spike, realizing rapid maintenance and replacement and reducing maintenance workload.

[0018] 2. The utility model provides matching thread structures on the outside and inside of the inner tube, so that the inner tube can be inserted into the outer tube like a nut, which is convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0019] Furthermore, the present invention incorporates a one-way locking mechanism between the outer and inner tubes. This allows the inner tube to be smoothly inserted clockwise during installation, but prevents counterclockwise rotation, ensuring that the inner tube does not loosen once in place. The inner tube, which is used to mount the spiral spikes that secure the fasteners, provides a tightening force to the spikes, ensuring that they do not become loosened during train travel due to vibrations.

[0020] 3. The utility model has protrusions arranged at intervals on the outside of the outer tube. During the production process of concrete sleepers, the outer tube is pre-buried in the concrete. The protrusions can fix the outer tube to prevent it from moving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is the overall front view of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the A-A section;

[0023] Figure 3 It is an overall three-dimensional diagram of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a front view of the inner tube of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Middle B-B cross-section diagram;

[0026] Figure 6 This is the main view of the outer tube of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the C-C section;

[0028] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0029] Figure 9 It is a top view of the outer tube of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A partial enlarged view of

[0031] Figure 11 This is the main view of the installation effect of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Middle E-E cross-sectional diagram;

[0033] Figure 13 yes Figure 11 A top view of

[0034] Figure 14 It is an exploded view of the installation of the utility model.

[0035] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limitations on this patent. To better illustrate this embodiment, some components of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced in size, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted from the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, this embodiment discloses a pre-buried sleeve for small-radius curve fasteners for existing passenger-freight railways, comprising an inner and outer two-layer structure consisting of an outer tube 2 and an inner tube 1 .

[0039] Hemispherical protrusions 21 are arranged at intervals on the outside of the outer tube 2. During the production of concrete sleepers, the outer tube 2 is pre-buried in concrete. The protrusions 21 can fix the outer tube to prevent it from moving.

[0040] The outer tube 2 is provided with an internal thread, and the inner tube 1 is provided with an external thread. The external thread of the inner tube 1 cooperates with the internal thread of the outer tube to form a detachable threaded connection, so that the inner tube can be inserted into the outer tube like a nut, which is convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0041] In addition, the outer tube 2 is provided with a one-way locking mechanism at the bottom of the spiral groove of the internal thread, so as to realize the forward entry and reverse locking of the inner tube during installation.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, the one-way locking mechanism comprises a plurality of barbs 22 distributed along the thread groove. The barbs 22 are in the form of stainless steel springs and are all inclined in one direction. This allows the inner tube 1 to be smoothly inserted clockwise during installation, but prevents counterclockwise rotation, ensuring that the inner tube 1 does not loosen once it is in place.

[0043] The inner tube 1 has a spike mounting hole formed inside for mounting and fixing a railroad spike. In this embodiment, the spike mounting hole is a spiral hole, with the lower half of the spike forming a spiral portion that fits into the spiral hole. This provides a firm hold for the spike, ensuring it does not become loosened due to vibrations during train travel.

[0044] In other embodiments, the road spike mounting holes may also be in other forms to cooperate with road spikes of different forms for installation.

[0045] Through the application of the utility model, when the road spike and the inner tube 1 are damaged after long-term or repeated installation and use, or in a ballasted line, impurities such as mud and sand enter the casing and cause the casing to be blocked, on-site maintenance can be carried out by drilling out the mud and sand with an electric drill, and heating the inner tube 1 with a special heating rod, so that the inner tube 1 can be smoothly removed, and then a new inner tube 1 can be directly screwed into the outer tube 2 to reinstall the road spike, thereby realizing rapid maintenance and replacement and reducing maintenance workload.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] This embodiment provides a method for installing and laying a pre-buried casing, which is specifically installed in the following order:

[0048] (1) Combine the inner tube and outer tube for shipment;

[0049] (2) In the sleeper production plant, the outer tube is installed and positioned in the concrete sleeper steel mold;

[0050] (3) pouring concrete;

[0051] (4) Concrete curing;

[0052] (5) Demolding and leaving the factory;

[0053] (6) Transport to the track line site;

[0054] (7) Install the inner tube;

[0055] (8) Install track fasteners in the order in which they were laid;

[0056] This embodiment also provides a method for repairing the embedded casing, which is specifically installed in the following order:

[0057] (1) Remove the track fasteners;

[0058] (2) Clean the mud and dirt inside the casing;

[0059] (3) If the blockage is found to be impossible to clear, use an electric drill to drill out the mud, sand, and stones;

[0060] (4) Use a special heating rod to heat the inner tube, but be careful not to overheat and affect the strength of the outer tube;

[0061] (5) Take out the inner tube and screw the new inner tube into the outer tube clockwise until it is flush with the top step.

[0062] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate rather than limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or partial replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0063] If words such as "first" and "second" are used in this document to limit components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" and "second" is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning.

[0064] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0065] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A pre-buried sleeve for fasteners in small-radius curves for existing passenger and freight railways, characterized by: It includes an inner and outer two-layer structure consisting of an outer tube and an inner tube; the outer tube is provided with an internal thread inside, and protrusions are provided at intervals on the outside of the outer tube. The outer tube is pre-buried and fixed in the concrete sleeper; the outer tube is provided with an external thread outside, and the external thread of the inner tube cooperates with the internal thread of the outer tube to form a detachable threaded connection; the inner tube is formed with a spike installation hole for installing and fixing the spike.

2. The pre-buried sleeve for fasteners in small-radius curves for existing passenger-freight railways according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer tube is provided with a one-way locking mechanism at the bottom of the spiral groove of the internal thread, so as to realize the forward entry and reverse locking of the inner tube during installation.

3. The pre-buried sleeve for fasteners in small-radius curves for existing passenger-freight railways according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The one-way locking mechanism is one or more barbs distributed along the thread groove, the barbs are in the form of spring leaves, and are all inclined in one direction.

4. The embedded sleeve for fasteners of small-radius curves for existing passenger-freight railways according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The protrusion on the outside of the outer tube is a hemispherical protrusion.

5. The embedded sleeve for fasteners of small-radius curves for existing passenger-freight railways according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The road spike installation hole on the inner tube is a spiral hole, the lower half of the road spike is a spiral portion, and the spiral portion of the road spike is installed in coordination with the spiral hole.

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