Accurate electric energy monitoring system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of electric energy monitoring systems, in particular to an accurate electric energy monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, which comprises a sensing identification layer, a network construction layer, a management service layer and a comprehensive application layer, and is characterized in that the sensing identification layer is composed of a current transformer, a voltage transformer, a metering chip RN8209, an STM32 processor and an NB-IoT module; the current transformer and the voltage transformer convert actual voltage and current, the actual voltage and current are sampled through the metering chip RN8209, sampled data are transmitted to the STM32 processor through an SPI bus, the STM32 processor processes original data, and the STM32 processor transmits the processed original data to the current transformer. And the information is transmitted to the management service layer through the network construction layer by the NB-IoT module, and is finally displayed on the comprehensive application layer in real time. The NB-IoT technology-based remote acquisition and analysis system for high-frequency acquisition of electric energy quality information can detect the electric energy quality more quickly and accurately, and is convenient for improving the electric energy quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of electric energy monitoring systems, in particular to an accurate electric energy monitoring system based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] Power quality monitoring has become a crucial component of stable power transmission. Traditional transmission line monitoring is significantly affected by the environment. The traditional method for collecting power quality data requires personnel to regularly carry power monitoring equipment to the site to collect and store data. This method consumes significant manpower and resources and suffers from several drawbacks: Data lag. Traditional monitoring systems require time to collect, analyze, and generate reports, a process that results in data lag. This lag prevents the system from reflecting the real-time status of the power grid, hindering timely response and resolution of grid issues. Operational intelligence is low. Traditional power monitoring employs a semi-manual, semi-automated approach, resulting in a lack of autonomy and reliance on manual labor. This not only increases labor costs but also reduces operational efficiency. Traditional monitoring systems are prone to false alarms and missed alarms, which compromise data accuracy and reliability. False alarms can lead to unnecessary waste of resources, while missed alarms can prevent grid issues from being discovered and addressed promptly. Data processing capacity is insufficient. Traditional systems may be unable to efficiently process and analyze massive amounts of monitoring data. This results in a lack of comprehensive and effective data support for power quality statistics and analysis, making it difficult to deeply explore the root causes and patterns of grid problems. Traditional monitoring systems also lack scalability and flexibility. Traditional monitoring systems often have fixed architectures, making them difficult to expand or adjust to the actual needs of the grid. This limits the system's flexibility and adaptability, making it difficult to meet the increasingly complex demands of grid management. Furthermore, the widespread distribution of various power-consuming devices makes it extremely difficult to obtain accurate power data for each device during operation. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to overcome the existing deficiencies, the utility model provides an accurate electric energy monitoring system based on the Internet of Things.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is: an accurate electric energy monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, including a perception and identification layer, a network construction layer, a management service layer and a comprehensive application layer, the perception and identification layer is composed of a current transformer, a voltage transformer, a metering chip RN8209, an STM32 processor and an NB-IoT module, the current transformer and the voltage transformer convert the actual voltage and current, sample the actual voltage and current through the metering chip RN8209, and transmit the sampled data to the STM32 processor through the SPI bus, the STM32 processor processes the raw data to obtain the actual current effective value and voltage effective value, and transmits the information to the management service layer through the NB-IoT module through the network construction layer, and finally displays it in real time on the comprehensive application layer.

[0005] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the voltage transformer is a ZMPT107 voltage transformer, the P1 interface is connected to the live wire AC-L of the AC power supply, the P2 interface is connected to the neutral wire AC-N of the AC power supply through a resistor, the S1 interface is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the pin VsenserP, and the S2 interface is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the pin VsenserN.

[0006] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the current transformer further includes: the precision current transformer TA1410 is used, the P1 interface is connected to AC-L, the interface P2 is connected to AC-L through a fuse, the S1 interface is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the pin AsenserP2, and the S2 interface is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the pin AsenserN2.

[0007] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the metering chip RN8209 is further connected to the current transformer through pins AsenserP2 and AsenserN2, connected to the current transformer through pins VsenserP and VsenserN, and connected to the STM32 processor through pins SPI-CS3, SPI-SCLK, SPI-SDI, and SPI-SDO.

[0008] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the STM32 processor is connected to the NB-IoT module through the PA2 interface and the PA3 interface, and is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the PA4 interface, the PA5 interface, the PA6 interface, and the PA7 interface; the NB-IoT module adopts the chip BC26 with the advantages of high performance and low power consumption, the STM32 processor communicates with the chip BC26 through AT commands, and the chip BC26 outputs information to the management service layer through the antenna.

[0009] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the network construction layer includes a communication base station and a communication server, and the information generated by the NB-IoT module reaches the communication storage through the communication base station and is then sent to the management service layer.

[0010] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the management service layer is the Alibaba Cloud Internet of Things platform, and the network construction layer sends information to the Alibaba Cloud Internet of Things platform through the MQTT protocol.

[0011] According to another embodiment of the present invention, it further includes that the integrated application layer includes a Tomcat server and a Web application service, wherein the back-end program is developed using the Java language, and the Advanced Message Queuing Protocol AMQP is called through the Java library interface to realize real-time transmission of information from the management service layer to the Tomcat server; the front-end Web page uses the Hypertext Markup Language HTML, and the data transmission between the front-end and the back-end is realized with the help of the jQuery library, and the Tomcat server updates the information displayed on the Web page in real time through the WebSocket protocol.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are that the metering chip RN8209 is used to accurately measure the electrical power consumption of the equipment, and NB-IoT is used to realize wireless communication. NB-IoT can solve the deployment problem of the equipment well due to its wide coverage, small bandwidth occupation and low cost. It is very important in the application research in the energy field and can realize the effective utilization and intelligent distribution of energy. WebSocket and Web technology are combined to develop a Web application that can display and monitor water flow in real time, solving the problems of real-time collection, wireless transmission and data visualization. The system has the advantages of strong anti-interference ability, high stability and real-time performance, etc. It can replace the traditional power monitoring system and has good practical application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 It is the voltage transformer circuit diagram;

[0016] Figure 3 It is the current transformer circuit diagram;

[0017] Figure 4 This is the sensor circuit diagram of the metering chip RN8209;

[0018] Figure 5 This is the STM32 processor circuit diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] like Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the utility model, an accurate electric energy monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, including a perception and identification layer, a network construction layer, a management service layer and an integrated application layer. The perception and identification layer is composed of a current transformer, a voltage transformer, a metering chip RN8209, an STM32 processor and an NB-IoT module. The current transformer and the voltage transformer convert the actual voltage and current, sample them through the metering chip RN8209, and transmit the sampled data to the STM32 processor through the SPI bus. The STM32 processor processes the raw data to obtain the actual current effective value and voltage effective value. The information is transmitted to the management service layer through the NB-IoT module through the network construction layer and finally displayed in real time on the integrated application layer.

[0020] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the voltage transformer is a ZMPT107 voltage transformer, the P1 interface is connected to the live wire AC-L of the AC power supply, the P2 interface is connected to the neutral wire AC-N of the AC power supply through a resistor, the S1 interface is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the pin VsenserP, and the S2 interface is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the pin VsenserN.

[0021] Specifically, since electrical equipment is powered by 220V AC, the metering chip cannot directly measure high voltage and high current signals. The voltage transformer can directly convert such signals into a range that the chip can measure. In addition to playing an inductive role, the transformer also has an isolation effect, which can effectively suppress the interference of AC signals on the chip's working circuit and improve the stability of data transmission. The system uses ZMPT107 voltage transformer to achieve 1:1 conversion of 220V AC voltage.

[0022] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the current transformer further includes: the precision current transformer TA1410 is used, the P1 interface is connected to AC-L, the interface P2 is connected to AC-L through a fuse, the S1 interface is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the pin AsenserP2, and the S2 interface is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the pin AsenserN2.

[0023] Specifically, in order to convert the high current signal generated by the electrical equipment during operation into a range that can be measured by the chip, the current transformer TA1410 is used to achieve a 5A:2.5mA ratio conversion of the current.

[0024] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the metering chip RN8209 is further connected to the current transformer through pins AsenserP2 and AsenserN2, connected to the current transformer through pins VsenserP and VsenserN, and connected to the STM32 processor through pins SPI-CS3, SPI-SCLK, SPI-SDI, and SPI-SDO.

[0025] Specifically, the metering chip RN8209 is a single-phase multi-functional dedicated metering chip that can measure electrical energy parameters such as current RMS, voltage RMS, active power and reactive power; it also provides two independent channels of active power RMS, voltage RMS, line frequency and zero-crossing interruption; it supports full digital gain, phase and DC bias correction, and the chip supports SPI communication interface; it has an embedded power monitoring circuit to ensure the reliability of the chip during power-on and power-off.

[0026] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the STM32 processor is connected to the NB-IoT module through the PA2 interface and the PA3 interface, and is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the PA4 interface, the PA5 interface, the PA6 interface, and the PA7 interface; the NB-IoT module adopts the chip BC26 with the advantages of high performance and low power consumption, the STM32 processor communicates with the chip BC26 through AT commands, and the chip BC26 outputs information to the management service layer through the antenna.

[0027] Specifically, the STM32 processor sends specific AT commands to the NB-IoT module through the serial port to initialize and configure the module. The main process is as follows:

[0028] (1) The processor sends the string "AT\r\n". If the module returns the string "OK\r\n", it means that the module responds normally. If it returns "ERROR\r\n", it means that the module is working abnormally and initialization failed.

[0029] (2) The processor sends the string “AT+CFUN=1\r\n” through the serial port to turn on the module’s RF function;

[0030] (3) The processor sends the string "AT+CIMI\r\n", which queries the module's SIM card number. If the module returns "ERROR\r\n", it means that the SIM card is not inserted or the module is abnormal, and initialization fails.

[0031] (4) The processor sends the string "AT+CGATT=1\r\n", which is the command for configuring the module to automatically access the network. If it returns "OK\r\n", it means that the module has successfully connected to the base station;

[0032] (5) The processor sends the string "AT+CGPADDR\r\n", which will obtain the IP address assigned by the base station. If the module returns "OK\r\n", it means that the IP address has been successfully obtained and the network has been successfully connected. Otherwise, the module initialization failed.

[0033] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the network construction layer includes a communication base station and a communication server, and the information generated by the NB-IoT module reaches the communication storage through the communication base station and is then sent to the management service layer.

[0034] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the management service layer is the Alibaba Cloud Internet of Things platform, and the network construction layer sends information to the Alibaba Cloud Internet of Things platform through the MQTT protocol.

[0035] Specifically, the system uses the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol built into the NB-IoT module to connect to Alibaba Cloud's IoT platform. MQTT, as a lightweight message transmission protocol, is widely used in IoT scenarios. Before the module can be connected to Alibaba Cloud, it is necessary to first create a device that supports the MQTT protocol on Alibaba Cloud. After successful creation, three key parameters will be obtained: product key (ProductKey), device name (DeviceName), and device key (DeviceSecret). The processor combines these three parameters and sends specific AT commands to the NB-IoT module to establish a connection with the cloud platform. The connection process is as follows:

[0036] (1) First, the processor needs to configure the basic connection parameters. The parameters are the key parameters obtained when creating the device. The command is "AT+QMTCFG="ALIAUTH", 0, ProductKey, DeviceName, DeviceSecret\r\n";

[0037] (2) The processor sends the command "AT+QMTOPEN=0, "203.107.45.14", 1883". The module connects to the corresponding port of the Alibaba Cloud server through this command and establishes a connection with the server.

[0038] (3) The processor sends the command "AT+QMTCONN=0, DeviceName" to connect to the device created on the cloud platform. After the command is successfully executed, the device created on the cloud platform will be displayed as online. Once the device is online, the data collected by the sensor can be encapsulated in JSON format and then sent to the cloud platform. The data uploaded by the module can be observed in real time on the cloud platform.

[0039] According to another embodiment of the present invention, it further includes that the integrated application layer includes a Tomcat server and a Web application service, wherein the back-end program is developed using the Java language, and the Advanced Message Queuing Protocol AMQP is called through the Java library interface to realize real-time transmission of information from the management service layer to the Tomcat server; the front-end Web page uses the Hypertext Markup Language HTML, and the data transmission between the front-end and the back-end is realized with the help of the jQuery library, and the Tomcat server updates the information displayed on the Web page in real time through the WebSocket protocol.

[0040] Specifically, the Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) is an application-layer protocol. The AMQP framework includes a message broker, virtual hosts, producers, consumers, message bodies, switches, and message queues. Producers / consumers establish a TCP connection with the message broker. Based on this connection, consumers and the message broker establish multiple channels for message communication. The message broker sends messages to the message queue according to routing rules. WebSocket is a protocol that supports full-duplex TCP communication between servers and clients. This protocol allows servers to actively push data to clients. A single handshake between the client and server establishes a continuous and valid connection. Each web page in the system establishes a separate WebSocket connection with the Tomcat server, receiving control commands from the page and enabling real-time push of power data to the web page. The web pages are developed using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and establish a connection with Tomcat using the WebSocket module in the jQuery library, enabling two-way data transmission.

[0041] The specific operation process is as follows: the perception and recognition layer is equipped with several groups of current sensors, voltage sensors, STM32 processors, metering chips and NB-IOT module components. The current sensors and voltage sensors convert the actual voltage and current. The metering chip RN8209 samples the converted voltage and current. The chip then transmits the sampled data to the STM32 processor via the SPI bus. The processor then processes the raw data to obtain the actual effective value of current and voltage. Finally, the processor passes the data through the NB-IoT module, communication base station and communication server in sequence, and finally reaches the Alibaba Cloud Internet of Things platform. The integrated application layer displays the data in real time.

[0042] The above description is only illustrative and not restrictive of the present invention. A person skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications, variations, or equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims, and all of these modifications, variations, or equivalents will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An accurate power monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, characterized by: It includes a perception and identification layer, a network construction layer, a management service layer and an integrated application layer; the perception and identification layer is composed of a current transformer, a voltage transformer, a metering chip RN8209, an STM32 processor and an NB-IoT module, the output end of the current transformer is connected to the current sampling pin of the metering chip RN8209; the output end of the voltage transformer is connected to the voltage sampling pin of the metering chip RN8209; the metering chip RN8209 is connected to the STM32 processor via an SPI bus; the data output end of the STM32 processor is connected to the serial communication interface of the NB-IoT module; the NB-IoT module is communicated with the management service layer via the network construction layer, and the management service layer is communicated with the integrated application layer.

2. The precise electric energy monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The voltage transformer uses a ZMPT107 voltage transformer, the P1 interface is connected to the live wire AC-L of the AC power supply, the P2 interface is connected to the neutral wire AC-N of the AC power supply through a resistor, the S1 interface is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the pin VsenserP, and the S2 interface is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the pin VsenserN.

3. The precise electric energy monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The current transformer adopts the precision current transformer TA1410, the P1 interface is connected to AC-L, the interface P2 is connected to AC-L through a fuse, the S1 interface is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the pin AsenserP2, and the S2 interface is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the pin AsenserN2.

4. The precise electric energy monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The metering chip RN8209 is connected to the current transformer through pins AsenserP2 and AsenserN2, connected to the current transformer through pins VsenserP and VsenserN, and connected to the STM32 processor through pins SPI-CS3, SPI-SCLK, SPI-SDI, and SPI-SDO.

5. The precise electric energy monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The STM32 processor is connected to the NB-IoT module through the PA2 interface and the PA3 interface, and is connected to the metering chip RN8209 through the PA4 interface, the PA5 interface, the PA6 interface, and the PA7 interface; the NB-IoT module uses the BC26 chip with the advantages of high performance and low power consumption. The STM32 processor communicates with the chip BC26 through AT commands, and the chip BC26 outputs information to the management service layer through the antenna.

6. The precise electric energy monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The network construction layer includes a communication base station and a communication server. The information generated by the NB-IoT module reaches the communication storage through the communication base station and is then sent to the management service layer.

7. The precise electric energy monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The management service layer is the Alibaba Cloud Internet of Things platform, and the network construction layer sends information to the Alibaba Cloud Internet of Things platform through the MQTT protocol.

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