Intelligent fire alarm

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent fire alarm, relates to the technical field of fire alarm, and solves the problems of system false alarm, low intelligent degree, low networking degree and insufficient circuit safety and use performance of the existing small smoke fire detection alarm system. The system comprises a single-chip microcomputer, a temperature acquisition module, a smoke acquisition module and an alarm module, the single-chip microcomputer, the temperature acquisition module, the smoke acquisition module and the alarm module are all connected with the single-chip microcomputer, the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring temperature signals, the smoke acquisition module is used for acquiring smoke signals, and the alarm module is used for alarming. According to the utility model, the temperature acquisition module and the smoke acquisition module are used for monitoring and displaying the temperature value and the smoke gas concentration in real time, and fire hazard pre-judgment and alarm are carried out based on the temperature value and the smoke gas concentration; according to the utility model, specific circuits of the fire alarm are set in details, so that the circuit performance is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fire alarms, and in particular relates to an intelligent fire alarm. Background Art

[0002] Many existing research and developments focus on fire alarms in large venues, and there is relatively little research on small smoke fire detection and alarm systems. Therefore, existing small smoke fire detection and alarm systems have shortcomings such as system false alarms, low intelligence, low networking, and insufficient circuit safety and performance.

[0003] In view of this, a smart fire alarm is needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an intelligent fire alarm to overcome the shortcomings of existing small smoke fire detection and alarm systems, such as system false alarms, low intelligence, low networking, and insufficient circuit safety and performance. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] An intelligent fire alarm includes a single-chip microcomputer, a power module, a temperature acquisition module, a smoke acquisition module and an alarm module, wherein the single-chip microcomputer, the power module, the temperature acquisition module, the smoke acquisition module and the alarm module are all connected to the single-chip microcomputer, the temperature acquisition module is used to collect temperature signals, the smoke acquisition module is used to collect smoke signals, the single-chip microcomputer is used to receive the temperature signal and the smoke signal and perform a threshold comparison operation based on the temperature signal and the smoke signal, and decide whether to send an instruction to the alarm module based on the result of the threshold comparison, the alarm module receives the instruction from the single-chip microcomputer and performs an alarm operation based on the instruction, and the power module is used to provide electrical energy.

[0006] Preferably, it also includes a display module, which is connected to the single-chip microcomputer and is used to display the signal received by the single-chip microcomputer. The display module uses a four-digit common anode digital tube, and four 9012 transistors are connected between the four-digit common anode digital tube and the single-chip microcomputer to increase the brightness.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes a key module, which is connected to the single-chip microcomputer and is used to perform typing operations on the single-chip microcomputer. The key module includes four independent keys S2, key S3, key S4, and key S5, which are respectively connected to the pins of the single-chip microcomputer to realize mode selection, addition 1, subtraction 1, and manual emergency alarm functions.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes an AD conversion module, which is arranged between the smoke collection module and the single-chip microcomputer and is connected to the smoke collection module and the single-chip microcomputer respectively. The smoke signal collected by the smoke collection module is A / D converted by the AD conversion module and then output to the single-chip microcomputer.

[0009] Preferably, the alarm module is a buzzer, and when the smoke signal received by the single chip microcomputer exceeds a set smoke concentration threshold or the temperature signal received exceeds a set temperature threshold, the buzzer emits an alarm sound.

[0010] Preferably, the alarm module also includes two LED lights, one of which is responsible for flashing when the smoke signal received by the single-chip microcomputer exceeds the set smoke concentration threshold, and the other is responsible for flashing when the temperature signal received by the single-chip microcomputer exceeds the set temperature threshold. The two LED lights are different colors, and one end of the two LED lights is connected to the single-chip microcomputer, and the other end is connected to the power supply through the current resistor R4.

[0011] Preferably, the smoke collection module adopts a 6-pin MQ-2 smoke sensor, and the MQ-2 smoke sensor is connected in series with a current-limiting resistor R5 and then grounded.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature acquisition module adopts a DS18B20 temperature sensor, and its VDD pin is connected to a pull-up resistor R1 and then connected to the single-chip microcomputer to ensure stable signal transmission.

[0013] Compared with the existing technology, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. This utility model uses a temperature acquisition module and a smoke acquisition module to monitor and display temperature and smoke concentration in real time, predicting and alarming fires based on this information. A single-chip microcontroller receives temperature and smoke signals and performs a threshold comparison based on these signals. Based on the threshold comparison results, it determines whether to send a command to the alarm module, which then issues an audible and visual alarm. When the temperature exceeds the threshold, a buzzer sounds and a yellow light illuminates. When the smoke exceeds the threshold, a buzzer sounds and a red light illuminates. If both thresholds are exceeded simultaneously, a buzzer sounds and both the red and yellow lights illuminate. Furthermore, a keypad module is provided, allowing users to set the smoke and temperature alarm values ​​using the S2, S3, and S4 buttons (the default smoke and temperature alarm thresholds are level 5 and 50°C, respectively). The S5 button can be used to initiate a manual emergency alarm (which sounds a buzzer) and the S3 or S4 buttons can be used to manually cancel the alarm.

[0015] 2. The present invention also makes detailed settings for the specific circuit of the fire alarm to improve the circuit performance. For example, in order to prevent the heating current of pins 2 and 5 from being too large and burning out the MQ-2 sensor, a large 4.7R resistor is connected in series for current limiting protection. In order to increase the brightness and facilitate viewing of the values, four 9012 transistors (TO-92 package) are used to increase the current flowing through the emitter to the DIG1, ​​DIG2, DIG3, and DIG4 pins of the digital tubes to enhance the brightness of the digital tubes. In order to ensure stable signal transmission, a pull-up resistor is set between the temperature sensor and the microcontroller. The function of the pull-up resistor is to pull the signal line to a high level. When the DS18B20 outputs a low level, the signal line can be pulled down to a low level through the pull-up resistor, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the signal. A resistor is set between the LED lamp and the power supply to limit the current to prevent excessive current from flowing through the D1 and D2 LED lamps and burning out the D1 and D2 LED lamps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for describing the embodiments. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a hardware design block diagram of embodiment 1;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall circuit of the first embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "top", "bottom", "top surface", "bottom surface", "inside", "outside", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used solely for descriptive purposes and to distinguish technical features, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly specifying the number or order of the technical features indicated.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connected," and "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances. The following describes an embodiment of the present invention based on its overall structure.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an intelligent fire alarm, including a single chip microcomputer, a power module, a temperature collection module, a smoke collection module and an alarm module.

[0025] The MCU, power module, temperature acquisition module, smoke collection module, and alarm module are all connected to the MCU. The temperature acquisition module collects temperature signals and uses a 6-pin MQ-2 smoke sensor connected in series with a current-limiting resistor R5 before being grounded. The smoke acquisition module collects smoke signals and uses a DS18B20 temperature sensor. Its VDD pin is connected to the MCU through a pull-up resistor R1 to ensure stable signal transmission.

[0026] The system also includes an AD conversion module, which is located between the smoke collection module and the single-chip microcomputer and is connected to both modules. The AD conversion module converts the smoke signal collected by the smoke collection module into an analog-to-digital signal before outputting it to the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer receives the temperature signal and the smoke signal and performs a threshold comparison based on these signals. Based on the threshold comparison result, the system determines whether to send a command to the alarm module. The alarm module receives the command from the single-chip microcomputer and performs an alarm operation based on the command. The power supply module provides electrical energy.

[0027] The alarm module is a buzzer that sounds an alarm when the smoke signal received by the microcontroller exceeds a set smoke concentration threshold or the temperature signal received exceeds a set temperature threshold. The alarm module also includes two LED lights, one of which flashes when the smoke signal received by the microcontroller exceeds the set smoke concentration threshold, and the other flashes when the temperature signal received by the microcontroller exceeds the set temperature threshold. The two LED lights are different colors, and one end of each LED is connected to the microcontroller and the other end is connected to the power supply through current resistor R4.

[0028] The system also includes a display module and a key module. The display module is connected to the microcontroller and is used to display signals received by the microcontroller. The display module uses a four-digit common anode digital tube, and four 9012 transistors are connected between the four-digit common anode digital tube and the microcontroller to increase brightness. The key module is connected to the microcontroller and is used to perform input operations on the microcontroller. The key module includes four independent keys S2, S3, S4, and S5, which are respectively connected to the pins of the microcontroller to implement mode selection, addition 1, subtraction 1, and manual emergency alarm functions.

[0029] Figure 2 The specific circuit diagram of the present invention is shown. In addition to the peripheral circuits of the module and chip, the present invention also makes the following improvements to improve the overall performance of the circuit:

[0030] 1. If Figure 2 As shown in the figure, for a 6-pin MQ-2 smoke sensor, pins 2 and 5 are heating electrodes, and pins 1 and 3 and 4 and 6 are test electrodes. Pins 1 and 3 are conductive, and pins 4 and 6 are conductive. Applying voltage to pins 1 and 3 or 4 and 6 will burn the leads, while applying voltage to pins 2 and 4 will result in no signal. Therefore, pins 1 and 3 are connected together to VCC, and pins 4 and 6 are connected together to the CH0 pin of the ADC0832 A / D converter. The collected analog signal is sent to the ADC0832 A / D converter for conversion to a digital signal. To prevent excessive heating current from pins 2 and 5, which could burn out the MQ-2 sensor, a 4.7R resistor is connected in series for current limiting protection.

[0031] 2. If Figure 2As shown, the display module uses a four-digit common anode digital tube. A common anode digital tube refers to a digital tube in which the anodes of all LEDs are connected together to form a common anode (COM). When a common anode digital tube is used, the common electrode COM should be connected to +5V. When the cathode of the LED in a certain segment is at a low level, the corresponding segment illuminates. When the cathode of a segment is at a high level, the corresponding segment is not illuminated. To increase brightness and facilitate viewing of values, four 9012 transistors (TO-92 package) are used to increase the current flowing through the emitter to the digital tube pins DIG1, ​​DIG2, DIG3, and DIG4, thereby enhancing the digital tube brightness.

[0032] 3. If Figure 2 As shown in the figure, R1 is a pull-up resistor to improve the stability and reliability of the signal. The function of the pull-up resistor is to pull the signal line to a high level. When the DS18B20 outputs a low level, the pull-up resistor can pull the signal line down to a low level, thereby ensuring stable signal transmission.

[0033] 4. If Figure 2 As shown, the R4 resistor limits the current to prevent excessive current from flowing through the D1 and D2 LED lamps and burning out the D1 and D2 LED lamps.

[0034] In summary, the present invention uses a temperature acquisition module and a smoke acquisition module to monitor and display temperature and smoke concentration in real time, predicting and alarming fires based on this information. A single-chip microcontroller receives temperature and smoke signals and performs a threshold comparison based on these signals. Based on the threshold comparison results, the system determines whether to send a command to the alarm module, which then issues an audible and visual alarm. When the temperature exceeds the threshold, a buzzer sounds and a yellow light illuminates. When the smoke exceeds the threshold, a buzzer sounds and a red light illuminates. If both thresholds are exceeded simultaneously, a buzzer sounds and both the red and yellow lights illuminate. Furthermore, a key module is provided, allowing the smoke and temperature alarm values ​​to be set using the S2, S3, and S4 buttons (the product defaults to a smoke and temperature alarm threshold of 5 and a temperature alarm threshold of 50 degrees Celsius). The S5 button can be used to initiate a manual emergency alarm (which sounds the buzzer), and the S3 or S4 buttons can be used to manually cancel the alarm.

[0035] The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of illustration and description. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is obvious that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not limitations on the present invention. The specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can make modifications, substitutions, variations and various different choices and changes to the embodiments without creative contribution as needed after reading this specification without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. An intelligent fire alarm, characterized in that: The system comprises a single-chip microcomputer, a power module, a temperature acquisition module, a smoke acquisition module and an alarm module, wherein the single-chip microcomputer, the power module, the temperature acquisition module, the smoke acquisition module and the alarm module are all connected to the single-chip microcomputer, the temperature acquisition module is used to acquire temperature signals, the smoke acquisition module is used to acquire smoke signals, the single-chip microcomputer is used to receive the temperature signal and the smoke signal and perform a threshold comparison operation based on the temperature signal and the smoke signal, and decide whether to send an instruction to the alarm module based on the result of the threshold comparison, the alarm module receives the instruction from the single-chip microcomputer and performs an alarm operation based on the instruction, and the power module is used to provide electrical energy; The alarm module includes two light-emitting diodes of different colors and a buzzer. The alarm module performs sound and light alarms based on the threshold comparison results. When the temperature exceeds the threshold, the buzzer sounds and one of the light-emitting diodes lights up. When the smoke gas exceeds the threshold, the buzzer sounds and the other light-emitting diode of a different color lights up. When both exceed the threshold at the same time, the buzzer sounds and both light-emitting diodes of different colors light up.

2. The intelligent fire alarm according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a display module, which is connected to the single-chip microcomputer and is used to display the signal received by the single-chip microcomputer. The display module uses a four-digit common anode digital tube, and four 9012 transistors are connected between the four-digit common anode digital tube and the single-chip microcomputer to increase the brightness.

3. The intelligent fire alarm according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a key module, which is connected to the single-chip microcomputer and is used to perform typing operations on the single-chip microcomputer. The key module includes four independent keys S2, S3, S4, and S5, which are respectively connected to the pins of the single-chip microcomputer to realize mode selection, addition 1, subtraction 1, and manual emergency alarm functions.

4. The intelligent fire alarm according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an AD conversion module, which is arranged between the smoke collection module and the single-chip microcomputer and is connected to the smoke collection module and the single-chip microcomputer respectively. The smoke signal collected by the smoke collection module is A / D converted by the AD conversion module and then output to the single-chip microcomputer.

5. The intelligent fire alarm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm module is a buzzer. When the smoke signal received by the single chip microcomputer exceeds a set smoke concentration threshold or the temperature signal received exceeds a set temperature threshold, the buzzer emits an alarm sound.

6. The intelligent fire alarm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alarm module also includes two LED lights, one of which is responsible for flashing when the smoke signal received by the microcontroller exceeds the set smoke concentration threshold, and the other is responsible for flashing when the temperature signal received by the microcontroller exceeds the set temperature threshold. The two LED lights are different colors, and one end of the two LED lights is connected to the microcontroller, and the other end is connected to the power supply through the current resistor R4.

7. The intelligent fire alarm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke collection module adopts a 6-pin MQ-2 smoke sensor, and the MQ-2 smoke sensor is connected in series with a current limiting resistor R5 and then grounded.

8. The intelligent fire alarm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature acquisition module adopts DS18B20 temperature sensor, and its VDD pin is connected to the microcontroller through a pull-up resistor R1 to ensure stable signal transmission.

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