Four-jaw automatic centering pneumatic chuck

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pneumatic chuck, in particular to a four-jaw automatic centering pneumatic chuck. The four-jaw automatic centering pneumatic chuck comprises a chuck body, guide blocks, clamping jaws, a positioning block, a pull rod, a baffle, a conical block, a guide column, a second reset spring, a wedge-shaped block, a pneumatic assembly and a card unloading assembly, the four guide blocks are evenly connected to the periphery of the upper side in the chuck body in a sliding mode, and the clamping jaws are connected to the tops of the guide blocks in a clamped mode. Positioning blocks are connected into the guide blocks, two channels are formed in each positioning block, and guide columns are slidably connected into the positioning blocks at intervals. Through the clamping design of the conical block and the wedge-shaped block, effective fixing of the clamping jaw is achieved, the conical block and the wedge-shaped block can be quickly loosened through the design of the conical ring, and therefore the clamping jaw can be quickly mounted and dismounted, and operation convenience and working efficiency are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a pneumatic chuck, in particular to a four-jaw automatic centering pneumatic chuck. Background Art

[0002] A four-jaw, self-centering pneumatic chuck is a mechanical device used to hold a workpiece, typically on a machining center or lathe. Designed to operate automatically via a pneumatic system, the device's self-centering (also known as synchronization or power balancing) is designed to cause all four jaws to move toward the center simultaneously, automatically centering the workpiece and eliminating the need for additional manual adjustments to ensure the workpiece is in the correct position.

[0003] In existing four-jaw chucks, the claws are usually installed on a slider that can move radially through internal screws. When the central driving element is activated, it can drive the slider and the claws installed on it to move radially to achieve the centering function. However, in actual use, different types of claws may need to be removed and installed for different clamped workpieces. The installation method in the prior art requires the use of tools to remove the screws one by one, which is a cumbersome operation. In addition, during long-term use, if the screws become oxidized, etc., it becomes more difficult to twist, further increasing the difficulty of disassembly. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing pneumatic chucks, which are difficult to quickly disassemble and install and are not conducive to operation and use, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a four-jaw automatic centering pneumatic chuck.

[0005] The technical solution is: a pneumatic chuck with four-claw automatic centering, including a disc body, a guide block, a clamping claw, a positioning block, a pull rod, a baffle, a cone block, a guide column, a second return spring, a wedge block, a pneumatic assembly and a card unloading assembly. Four guide blocks are evenly slidably connected along the circumference of the upper side of the disc body, and the top of the guide block is clamped with a clamping claw, and the guide block is connected to the positioning block. Two channels are opened in the positioning block, and the positioning block is slidingly connected at intervals. The guide column is connected to the wedge block, and the wedge block is connected to the inside of the wedge block and the positioning block. The second return spring is sleeved on the guide column, and two sliding grooves are spaced apart on the clamping claw, and two pull rods are slidingly connected in the slide groove. The bottom of the pull rod is connected to the cone block, and the cone block is located inside the channel. The upper side of the pull rod is connected to the baffle, and the baffle is rotatably and slidingly connected to the slide groove. The cone block is clamped and cooperated with the wedge block on the same side. A pneumatic assembly is provided on the disc body, and an unloading assembly is provided on the pull rod.

[0006] To further illustrate, the contact surfaces of the guide block and the claw are respectively provided with a tooth groove and a tooth block, which mesh with each other to fix the guide block and the claw.

[0007] Further explanation: the pneumatic assembly includes a ring body, a vent valve, a piston rod, a first return spring and a guide plate. The ring body is connected to the bottom of the plate body, the vent valve is installed on the front side of the ring body, the piston rod is slidably connected in the ring body, the first return spring is connected between the piston rod and the ring body, the guide plate is slidably connected in the plate body, the guide plate is connected to the piston rod, and the guide plate and the guide block are slidably connected through an oblique slide groove.

[0008] Further explanation: the card unloading assembly includes a fixed ring, a third return spring, a conical ring and a fourth return spring. The lower side of the pull rod is connected to the fixed ring, and the bottom of the baffle is connected to the third return spring. The third return spring is sleeved on the outside of the pull rod and is located in the slide groove, and the bottom is against the inside of the clamping claw. The position below the fixed ring on the pull rod is slidably connected with a conical ring, which is in contact with the cone block. The fourth return spring is connected between the conical ring and the cone block. The fourth return spring is sleeved on the pull rod, and the conical ring is in contact with the wedge block.

[0009] Further explanation: there is also a pointing block, and a limiting groove is opened in the slide groove of the claw. The limiting groove is L-shaped. The protrusion of the baffle initially slides with the horizontal groove of the limiting groove. The upper side of the slide groove is connected to a pointing block, and the arrow on the pointing block points to the vertical groove of the limiting groove.

[0010] Further description, it also includes rubber blocks, and the inner side surfaces of the claws are all glued with rubber blocks.

[0011] The utility model has the following advantages: 1. The clamping design of the cone block and the wedge block realizes the effective fixation of the claws. The design of the conical ring allows the cone block and the wedge block to be quickly loosened, thereby facilitating the rapid installation and removal of the claws, greatly improving the convenience of operation and work efficiency;

[0012] 2. The coordinated design of the baffle and the limit groove can effectively lock the pull rod and the cone block, preventing the fixed state of the claw from being changed due to accidental touching of the pull rod during daily use, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the disc body, ring body and vent valve of the utility model.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the guide block, claws and rubber block of the utility model.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the guide block and the positioning block of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the guide column, the second return spring and the wedge block of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the pull rod, baffle and third return spring of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 7 It is a sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the clamping claw of the present invention.

[0020] The markings of the various components in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1: disk body, 2: ring body, 3: vent valve, 4: piston rod, 5: first return spring, 6: guide disk, 7: guide block, 8: claw, 81: rubber block, 9: positioning block, 10: guide column, 11: second return spring, 12: wedge block, 13: pull rod, 131: fixing ring, 14: baffle, 141: limiting groove, 142: pointing block, 15: third return spring, 16: conical ring, 17: fourth return spring, 18: conical block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The above scheme is further described below with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are intended to illustrate the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The implementation conditions used in the examples can be further adjusted according to the conditions of the specific manufacturer. The implementation conditions not specified are generally those used in routine experiments.

[0022] Example: A pneumatic chuck with four-jaw automatic centering, such as Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, it includes a disk body 1, a guide block 7, a claw 8, a rubber block 81, a positioning block 9, a pull rod 13, a baffle 14, a cone block 18, a guide column 10, a second return spring 11, a wedge block 12, a pneumatic assembly and a card unloading assembly. Four guide blocks 7 are evenly connected to the upper side of the disk body 1 along the circumference in a sliding manner. The tops of the guide blocks 7 are all clamped with claws 8 for clamping the workpiece. The contact surfaces of the guide blocks 7 and the claws 8 are respectively provided with tooth grooves and tooth blocks, which mesh with the guide blocks 7 and the claws 8. The inner sides of the claws 8 are glued with rubber blocks 81. The guide blocks 7 are all connected with positioning blocks 9. Two channels are opened in the positioning blocks 9. The positioning blocks 9 are slidably connected with guide columns 10 at intervals. , the guide column 10 is connected with a wedge block 12, the wedge block 12 is communicated with the channel, and a second return spring 11 is connected between the wedge block 12 and the inside of the positioning block 9, and the second return spring 11 is sleeved on the guide column 10, and two slide grooves are spaced apart on the claw 8, and two pull rods 13 are slidably connected in the slide groove. A cone block 18 is welded to the bottom of the pull rod 13, and the cone block 18 is located inside the channel. A baffle 14 is welded on the upper side of the pull rod 13, and the baffle 14 is rotatably and slidingly connected to the slide groove. The bottom surface of the cone block 18 is arc-shaped, and the cone block 18 is engaged with the wedge block 12 on the same side to fix the claw 8. A pneumatic component is provided on the disk body 1, and a card unloading component is provided on the pull rod 13.

[0023] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the pneumatic assembly includes a ring body 2, a vent valve 3, a piston rod 4, a first return spring 5 and a guide plate 6. The ring body 2 is welded to the bottom of the plate body 1, and the vent valve 3 for air injection and exhaust is installed on the front side of the ring body 2. The piston rod 4 is slidably connected inside the ring body 2, and the first return spring 5 is connected between the piston rod 4 and the ring body 2. The guide plate 6 is slidably connected inside the plate body 1, and the guide plate 6 is connected to the piston rod 4. The guide plate 6 and the guide block 7 are slidably connected through an oblique slide groove.

[0024] like Figure 6 As shown, the unloading assembly includes a fixing ring 131, a third return spring 15, a conical ring 16 and a fourth return spring 17. The fixing ring 131 is welded to the lower side of the pull rod 13, and the bottom of the baffle 14 is connected to the third return spring 15. The third return spring 15 is sleeved on the outside of the pull rod 13 and is located in the slide groove, and the bottom is against the inside of the claw 8. The position below the fixing ring 131 on the pull rod 13 is slidably connected with a conical ring 16, which is in contact with the cone block 18. The fourth return spring 17 is connected between the conical ring 16 and the cone block 18. The fourth return spring 17 is sleeved on the pull rod 13, and the conical ring 16 is in contact with the wedge block 12 to loosen the cone block 18.

[0025] like Figure 6-Figure 7 As shown, it also includes a pointing block 142, and a limiting groove 141 is opened in the slide groove of the claw 8. The limiting groove 141 is L-shaped. The protrusion of the baffle 14 initially slides with the horizontal groove of the limiting groove 141. A pointing block 142 is welded on the upper side of the slide groove, and the arrow on the pointing block 142 points to the vertical groove of the limiting groove 141.

[0026] This device clamps the workpiece using four claws 8. In the initial state, the claws 8 are in a clamping state, the ring body 2 is filled with gas, and the first return spring 5 is in a stretched state. If the claws 8 need to be released, the vent valve 3 can be opened to discharge the gas inside the ring body 2. At this time, the piston rod 4 rebounds and resets due to the action of the first return spring 5, thereby driving the guide plate 6 to move upward. The guide plate 6 pushes the guide block 7, the claws 8 and the positioning block 9 to move outward, thereby achieving the release of the workpiece. Similarly, injecting gas into the ring body 2 will cause the piston rod 4 and the guide plate 6 to move downward, and the first return spring 5 will be stretched again, causing the guide block 7, the claws 8 and the positioning block 9 to move inward, thereby clamping the workpiece. The rubber block 81 serves to increase the friction force to improve the stability of the clamping, thereby achieving the clamping and release of the workpiece.

[0027] The claw 8 is fixed on the positioning block 9 by the engagement of the cone block 18 and the wedge block 12. If the claw 8 needs to be disassembled and replaced, the pull rod 13 is first rotated to drive the baffle 14 to rotate. The protrusion on the baffle 14 slides along the horizontal groove of the limit groove 141. With the pointing block 142 as a reference, the protrusion on the baffle 14 is rotated to the vertical groove of the limit groove 141. Then, the pull rod 13 is pressed downward to drive the baffle 14 to slide downward along the vertical groove. The third return spring 15 is then compressed, and the pull rod 13 is pressed downward to drive the baffle 14 to slide downward along the vertical groove. The rod 13 then drives the fixed ring 131, the conical ring 16 and the conical block 18 to move downward, and the conical ring 16 contacts the inclined surface of the wedge block 12. The conical ring 16 is supported by the fixed ring 131, and the wedge block 12 moves outward, driving the guide post 10 to move outward. The second return spring 11 is compressed accordingly. When the conical ring 16 passes over the wedge block 12, the second return spring 11 rebounds and resets, causing the wedge block 12 and the guide post 10 to reset, and then the pull rod 13 is released. The third return spring 15 rebounds and resets, driving the baffle 14, the fixing ring 131 and the cone block 18 to move upward. The conical ring 16 is blocked by the wedge block 12 and cannot move upward. The fourth return spring 17 is compressed accordingly, and the conical edge of the top surface of the conical ring 16 is attached to the bottom surface of the wedge block 12. Then the operator pulls the claw 8 upward, bringing the internal components upward as a whole. The pull rod 13 is connected to the claw 8. Because the protrusion of the baffle 14 does not engage with the horizontal groove of the limit groove 141, the operator can not move upward. Then, the pull rod 13 is in a sliding state, and the claw 8 is pulled upward with force. The conical edge of the top surface of the conical ring 16 is against the wedge block 12. The conical ring 16 is forced to move upward, which will push the wedge block 12 to move outward, and then the conical ring 16 and the conical block 18 pass over the wedge block 12, completing the loosening between the conical block 18 and the wedge block 12, and then removing the claw 8. After disengagement, the corresponding parts are reset, and the conical block 18 and the conical ring 16 are disengaged.

[0028] To secure the claw 8, simply align the cone block 18 with the slide slot and clamp the claw 8 downward onto the guide block 7. The arc of the bottom surface of the cone block 18 will contact the wedge block 12, pushing the wedge block 12 outward. After it passes, the wedge block 12 rebounds and resets, allowing the wedge block 12 to engage with the top surface of the cone block 18, completing the securement. After the operation is completed, the pull rod 13 needs to be reversed to drive the baffle 14 to rotate, so that the baffle 14 protrusion slides and engages with the horizontal groove of the limit slot 141 to prevent the pull rod 13 from accidentally touching it and causing it to slide.

[0029] The above is a detailed introduction to the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the idea of ​​the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A four-jaw automatic centering pneumatic chuck, characterized by: The utility model comprises a disk body (1), a guide block (7), a clamping claw (8), a positioning block (9), a pull rod (13), a baffle (14), a cone block (18), a guide column (10), a second return spring (11), a wedge block (12), a pneumatic assembly and a card unloading assembly. Four guide blocks (7) are uniformly slidably connected along the circumference of the inner upper side of the disk body (1). The tops of the guide blocks (7) are all clamped with clamping claws (8). The guide blocks (7) are all connected with positioning blocks (9). Two channels are opened in the positioning blocks (9). The positioning blocks (9) are slidably connected with guide columns (10) at intervals in the positioning blocks (9). The guide columns (10) are all connected with wedge blocks (12). The wedge blocks (12) ) is communicated with the channel, a second return spring (11) is connected between the wedge block (12) and the interior of the positioning block (9), the second return spring (11) is sleeved on the guide column (10), two sliding grooves are spaced apart on the claw (8), two pull rods (13) are slidably connected in the sliding grooves, the bottom of the pull rod (13) is connected to a cone block (18), the cone block (18) is located inside the channel, the upper side of the pull rod (13) is connected to a baffle (14), the baffle (14) is rotatably and slidably connected to the slide, the cone block (18) is engaged with the wedge block (12) on the same side, a pneumatic component is provided on the disk body (1), and a card unloading component is provided on the pull rod (13).

2. A four-jaw automatic centering pneumatic chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surfaces of the guide block (7) and the clamping claw (8) are respectively provided with tooth grooves and tooth blocks, which mesh with each other to fix the guide block (7) and the clamping claw (8).

3. A four-jaw automatic centering pneumatic chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pneumatic assembly comprises a ring body (2), a vent valve (3), a piston rod (4), a first return spring (5) and a guide plate (6); the bottom of the plate body (1) is connected to the ring body (2); the front side of the ring body (2) is equipped with a vent valve (3); the ring body (2) is slidably connected to the piston rod (4); the first return spring (5) is connected between the piston rod (4) and the ring body (2); the plate body (1) is slidably connected to the guide plate (6); the guide plate (6) is connected to the piston rod (4); and the guide plate (6) and the guide block (7) are slidably connected via an oblique sliding groove.

4. A four-jaw automatic centering pneumatic chuck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The unloading assembly includes a fixed ring (131), a third return spring (15), a conical ring (16) and a fourth return spring (17). The lower side of the pull rod (13) is connected to the fixed ring (131), and the bottom of the baffle (14) is connected to the third return spring (15). The third return spring (15) is sleeved on the outside of the pull rod (13) and is located in the slide groove, and the bottom is against the inside of the clamping claw (8). The position below the fixed ring (131) on the pull rod (13) is slidably connected to the conical ring (16), the conical ring (16) is in contact with the cone block (18), and the fourth return spring (17) is connected between the conical ring (16) and the cone block (18). The fourth return spring (17) is sleeved on the pull rod (13), and the conical ring (16) is in contact with the wedge block (12).

5. A four-jaw automatic centering pneumatic chuck according to claim 4, characterized in that: The invention also includes a pointing block (142), a limiting groove (141) is provided in the sliding groove of the claw (8), the limiting groove (141) is L-shaped, the protrusion of the baffle (14) is initially slidably matched with the horizontal groove of the limiting groove (141), and the upper side of the sliding groove is connected to the pointing block (142), and the arrow on the pointing block (142) points to the vertical groove of the limiting groove (141).

6. A four-jaw automatic centering pneumatic chuck according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a rubber block (81), and the inner side surface of the claw (8) is glued with the rubber block (81).

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