Biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization

Abstract

The utility model provides a biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization, which comprises a coke tank and a biomass tank, a biomass feeding pipeline is arranged at the top of the biomass tank, a dryer is arranged on the biomass feeding pipeline, tower kettles of the coke tank and the biomass tank are respectively connected with a thermal conversion device, and the thermal conversion device is connected with the coke tank. The upper part of the thermal conversion device is sequentially connected with a tar thermal decomposition device and a methane thermal decomposition device, and a carbon outlet is formed in the lower part of the thermal conversion device; the coke high-temperature waste heat is used for biomass pyrolysis, the biomass conversion efficiency can be improved, dependence on traditional energy can be reduced, and the production cost is reduced; diversification and cleanness of energy are facilitated, and the trend of global energy transformation and environmental protection is met; the system saves energy, reduces emission, is simple in structure, low in investment cost, convenient to operate, safe and reliable, and can realize pollution-free and optimal resource comprehensive utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis, and in particular to a biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization. Background Art

[0002] Coking is a high-energy-consuming and highly polluting industry. How to efficiently recycle and utilize the heat generated during the coke production process (sensible heat of coke) is an important direction for future energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0003] Currently, there are two main coke quenching methods used in coke ovens at home and abroad: dry quenching and wet quenching. Dry quenching uses low-temperature inert gas to cool red coke. While superior to wet quenching in terms of energy conservation and improved coke quality, dry quenching requires a large floor space, complex equipment structure, high manufacturing difficulty, high maintenance costs, and large investment. Wet quenching involves spraying red coke with water, including low-moisture quenching and stabilized quenching, to cool the temperature below 100°C. The generated steam is then directly discharged into the atmosphere. This method is characterized by a simple process, low investment, and easy operation and maintenance. However, its disadvantages are: 1. The sensible heat of the red coke, which accounts for approximately 30-35% of the total coking heat consumption, is not effectively utilized; 2. It consumes a lot of water resources; 3. The red coke is rapidly cooled, reducing coke quality; and 4. The steam generated by quenching carries pollutants, corrosive media, and dust, which are discharged into the atmosphere, polluting the environment and wasting heat energy.

[0004] For example, a dry coke quenching system with application number CN202223365407.3 works in a traditional dry coke quenching waste heat utilization technology, and has the shortcomings of the existing dry coke quenching waste heat utilization technology.

[0005] In summary, in view of the shortcomings and deficiencies of the existing coke quenching process, it is necessary to improve the traditional process to solve the technical problems of the current coke quenching waste heat utilization technology, such as high water consumption, low thermal utilization rate, low heat exchange efficiency and power generation efficiency, large equipment footprint and large carbon emissions. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The present application provides a biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization, comprising a coke tank and a biomass tank, a biomass feed pipeline being provided on the top of the biomass tank, a dryer being provided on the biomass feed pipeline, the coke tank and the bottoms of the biomass tank being connected to a heat conversion device respectively, a tar heat decomposition device and a methane heat decomposition device being connected in sequence to the upper part of the heat conversion device, and a carbon outlet being provided at the lower part of the heat conversion device.

[0007] As a preferred solution, the carbon outlet is connected to a particle screening device.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the outlet end of the methane thermal decomposition device is connected to the tar thermal decomposition device through a pyrolysis gas delivery pipeline, and the tar thermal decomposition device is connected to the biomass tank.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the upper portion of the biomass tank is connected to the dust removal and purification device via a second pyrolysis gas delivery pipeline, and a blower is provided on the second pyrolysis gas delivery pipeline.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the second pyrolysis gas delivery pipeline is connected to a dryer.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the upper part of the heat conversion device is connected to the upper part of the biomass tank through a gas phase pipeline.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the tar thermal decomposition device includes a tar pyrolysis section heater 1 and a tar pyrolysis section heater 2 connected in sequence, and the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline is connected to the tar pyrolysis section heater 1 and the tar pyrolysis section heater 2 respectively.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the thermal conversion device adopts one of a reaction gasification furnace, a dry distillation furnace, a carbonization furnace, and a cracking furnace.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the reaction gasification furnace adopts a continuous dragon-type double-helix stirring reaction gasification furnace.

[0015] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) Using the high-temperature waste heat of coke for biomass pyrolysis can not only improve the conversion efficiency of biomass, but also reduce dependence on traditional energy and reduce production costs; it helps to achieve energy diversification and cleanness, which is in line with the trend of global energy transformation and environmental protection;

[0017] (2) The gasification furnace adopts high-temperature coke heat recovery reaction, which can more efficiently recover the sensible heat of the coke tank, reduce carbon dioxide emissions, achieve the effect of carbon fixation, and facilitate the recovery of waste heat energy of the device and facilitate production operations; it can not only recover the heat of high-temperature coke, but also pyrolyze biomass to generate reducing gas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen), turning waste into treasure;

[0018] (3) Energy saving and emission reduction, simple structure, low investment cost, easy operation, safe and reliable, can achieve pollution-free and optimal resource comprehensive utilization;

[0019] (4) A tar thermal decomposition device and a methane thermal decomposition device are set up after the thermal conversion device. The high-temperature gas after electric heating is heated to promote the cracking of tar. An auxiliary electric heating device is introduced in the CH4 decomposition section to decompose methane, increase the content of CO and H2, and further increase the temperature of the pyrolysis gas to provide heat for the previous tar decomposition, optimize the cracking reaction conditions, and avoid the risk of tar solidification and clogging the equipment;

[0020] (5) The entire process is equivalent to the three-stage heating pyrolysis of biomass. As the temperature of each stage increases, the high molecular weight substances in the previous stage will be further pyrolyzed to produce small molecular fuel gases, including CO, H2, and CH4, ultimately achieving a higher generation rate of CO and H2, providing raw materials for the synthesis of green methanol;

[0021] (6) During the use of this application, water vapor and O2 are not used as gasification agents, which reduces the waste of biological carbon sources and steam consumption, and reduces production costs;

[0022] (7) The cascade utilization of heat sources at different temperatures is planned to maximize the effect of high-temperature heat sources in different process steps. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application;

[0024] 1. Coke tank; 2. Biomass tank; 3. Coke feed pipeline; 4. Biomass feed pipeline; 5. Dryer; 6. Pyrolysis gas pipeline 2; 7. Dust removal and purification device; 8. Blower; 9. Reaction gasifier; 10. Methane thermal decomposition device; 11. Carbon outlet; 12. Particle screening device; 13. Gas phase pipeline; 14. Tar pyrolysis section heater 1; 15. Tar pyrolysis section heater 2; 16. Pyrolysis gas pipeline; 17. Pyrolysis gas pipeline 1; 18. Valve; 19. Gas phase production pipeline 1; 20. Gas phase production pipeline 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is combined with Figure 1 The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail. It should be noted that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization, including a coke tank 1 and a biomass tank 2. A coke feeding pipeline 3 is provided on the top of the coke tank 1. The red coke pushed out from the coke oven carbonization chamber is fed into the coke tank 1 through the coke feeding pipeline 3. In order to prevent excessive oxidation of the biomass, the coke and the biomass need to be vacuum deoxygenated before contact, and inert gas is filled in for replacement. In this application, nitrogen is used as the inert gas as the protective gas; a biomass feeding pipeline 4 is provided on the top of the biomass tank 2, and a dryer 5 is provided on the biomass feeding pipeline 4. After the water-containing biomass particles pass through the dryer 5 to remove free water, they enter the biomass tank 2 and are preliminarily pyrolyzed in the biomass tank 2; the top of the biomass tank 2 The part is connected to the dust removal and purification device 7 through the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline 2 6. The pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline 2 6 is provided with a blower 8. The biomass pyrolysis product is efficiently converted into CO and H2 for synthesizing methanol, thereby increasing the pyrolysis gas yield. After CO and H2 enter the dust removal and purification device 7, subsequent methanol production process can be carried out. The tower kettles of the coke tank 1 and the biomass tank 2 are respectively connected to the thermal conversion device. The thermal conversion device adopts one of the reaction gasification furnace 9, the dry distillation furnace, the carbonization furnace, and the cracking furnace. This embodiment takes the reaction gasification furnace 9 as an example. The reaction gasification furnace 9 in this embodiment adopts a continuous dragon-type double-helix stirring reaction gasification furnace. The continuous dragon-type double-helix stirring reaction gasification furnace is simple and efficient, and has high self- The level of automation can continuously feed biomass, work stably for a long time, and can continuously process a large amount of biomass, solving the problem of low processing capacity per unit volume of traditional reactors; the red coke in the coke tank 1 and the biomass after preliminary pyrolysis in the biomass tank 2 enter the reaction gasification furnace 9, the biomass after preliminary pyrolysis in the biomass tank 2 is mixed with the red coke, and contact heat exchange is carried out, and the biomass undergoes secondary pyrolysis, directly utilizing the sensible heat of the coke to reduce the heat exchange loss in the middle. This embodiment is not limited to red coke, but can also be other medium and low temperature carbon sources. This embodiment can improve the utilization rate of the sensible heat of the coke, the pyrolysis efficiency is high, and a large processing capacity is guaranteed; the upper part of the reaction gasification furnace 9 is sequentially connected to a tar thermal decomposition device and a methane thermal decomposition device 10, A carbon outlet 11 is provided at the lower portion of the reaction gasifier 9; the tar and pyrolysis gas generated by the two pyrolysis processes enter the tar thermal decomposition device for tar decomposition, and then pass through the methane thermal decomposition device 10 for methane decomposition, and the biomass carbon and cold coke generated by pyrolysis are discharged through the carbon outlet 11. Preferably, the carbon outlet 11 is connected to a particle screening device 12 to separate the cooled cold coke from the biomass carbon; the upper portion of the reaction gasifier 9 is also connected to a gas phase production pipeline 13 connected to the upper portion of the biomass tank 2 via a gas phase production pipeline 19, and the gas phase production pipeline 19 and the gas phase production pipeline 13 are commonly connected to a gas phase production pipeline 20, and the gas phase production pipeline 20 is connected to a tar pyrolysis section heater 14.

[0028] Preferably, the tar thermal decomposition device includes a tar pyrolysis section heater 14 and a tar pyrolysis section heater 2 15 connected in sequence; a valve 18 is provided on the pyrolysis gas conveying pipeline of the tar pyrolysis section heater 14 and the tar pyrolysis section heater 2 15, and the flow rate is regulated by the valve 18 to maintain the heat exchange temperature; the methane thermal decomposition device 10 adopts electric heating; the tar of this embodiment is introduced into the tar pyrolysis section heater 14 and the tar pyrolysis section heater 2 15 for thermal decomposition in sequence, and the tar is cracked into small molecular pyrolysis gas through high-temperature treatment, thereby improving the yield of small molecular pyrolysis gas, while effectively avoiding the solidification and blockage of tar in the equipment, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the process.

[0029] The biomass pyrolysis device of this embodiment optimizes the pyrolysis process to improve the quality and added value of the pyrolysis products, mobilizes the enthusiasm of investors and practitioners in the biomass pyrolysis industry, and the application of biomass pyrolysis products can promote the development of related industries, create employment opportunities, and improve social and economic benefits. This embodiment not only solves the technical problems of the current coke quenching waste heat utilization technology, such as high water consumption, low thermal utilization rate, low heat exchange efficiency and power generation efficiency, large equipment space occupation, and large carbon emissions, but also develops overall solutions such as high-value application technology of biomass pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis biochar, improves the profitability of biomass pyrolysis, increases the value of biomass pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis charcoal through deep processing equipment, promotes the technological upgrading of the biomass industry, and reduces dependence on fossil fuels.

[0030] Example 2:

[0031] This embodiment utilizes heat sources of different temperatures in a cascade manner, giving full play to the maximum effect of high-temperature heat sources in different process steps and improving the heat recovery rate. Specifically:

[0032] The outlet end of the methane thermal decomposition device 10 is connected to the tar thermal decomposition device through a pyrolysis gas delivery pipeline 16, that is, the pyrolysis gas delivery pipeline 16 is connected to one input end of the tar pyrolysis section heater 14 and the tar pyrolysis section heater 2 15, respectively, and one output end of the tar pyrolysis section heater 14 and the tar pyrolysis section heater 2 15 is connected to the pyrolysis gas delivery pipeline 17.

[0033] connected to the biomass tank 2; after the methane thermal decomposition device 10 decomposes the small molecule pyrolysis gas to provide heat for the tar pyrolysis section heater 14 and the tar pyrolysis section heater 2 15, it continues to enter the biomass tank 2 to provide heat for the initial pyrolysis, fully recovering the waste heat of the pyrolysis gas, while achieving multi-stage pyrolysis, so that the pyrolysis effect is improved.

[0034] Preferably, the second pyrolysis gas delivery pipeline 6 passes through the dryer 5. Specifically, the second pyrolysis gas delivery pipeline 6 is connected to the input and output ports of the dryer 5. The dryer 5 uses the waste heat of the pyrolysis gas for heating.

[0035] The working principle of the present application is as follows: the red coke at 800-1200℃ pushed out from the carbonization chamber of the coke oven is sent to the coke tank 1, and enters the reaction gasification furnace 9 through the solid conveying device, etc. The water-containing biomass particles are passed through the dryer 5 to remove free water by utilizing the waste heat of the pyrolysis gas, and then enter the biomass tank 2. The remaining part after the initial pyrolysis in the biomass tank 2 enters the reaction gasification furnace 9, and is mixed with the high-temperature red coke in the reaction gasification furnace 9, and is contacted with the heat exchange to cause secondary pyrolysis. The tar and pyrolysis gas generated by the two pyrolysis of the biomass are heated to 750℃ by the tar pyrolysis section heater 14, and then heated to 850℃ by the tar pyrolysis section heater 2 15. The secondary heating decomposes the tar, and then passes through the methane pyrolysis device The device 10 is electrically heated to 1000°C to decompose methane. The decomposed 1000°C small molecule pyrolysis gas provides heat to the tar pyrolysis section heater 14 and the tar pyrolysis section heater 2 15 and then cools to about 800°C. It then enters the biomass tank 2 to provide heat for preliminary pyrolysis and cools to about 400°C. It then enters the dryer 5 to provide heat for biomass dehydration and cools to 200°C. It is purified and separated into combustible gases and finally enters the dust removal and purification device 7 to carry out the subsequent methanol production process. A particle screening device 12 is provided at the outlet of the reaction gasifier 9 to separate the cold coke cooled to about 400°C from the biomass charcoal. The present application can realize continuous thermal cracking of biomass.

[0036] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. Using the high-temperature waste heat of coke for biomass pyrolysis can not only improve the conversion efficiency of biomass, but also reduce dependence on traditional energy and lower production costs. It helps to achieve energy diversification and cleanness, which is in line with the global trend of energy transformation and environmental protection.

[0038] 2. The gasifier adopts high-temperature coke heat recovery reaction to more efficiently recover the sensible heat of coke, reduce carbon dioxide emissions, achieve carbon fixation, and facilitate waste heat energy recovery and production operations. It can not only recover the heat of high-temperature coke, but also pyrolyze biomass to generate reducing gas (a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen), turning waste into treasure.

[0039] 3. Energy saving and emission reduction, simple structure, low investment cost, easy operation, safe and reliable, can achieve pollution-free and optimal resource comprehensive utilization;

[0040] 4. Tar thermal decomposition devices and methane thermal decomposition devices are installed after the reaction gasification furnace. The high-temperature gas after electric heating is heated to promote the cracking of tar. An auxiliary electric heating device is introduced in the CH4 decomposition section to decompose methane, increase the content of CO and H2, and further increase the temperature of the pyrolysis gas to provide heat for the previous tar decomposition, optimize the cracking reaction conditions, and avoid the risk of tar solidification and clogging the equipment;

[0041] 5. The entire process is equivalent to three-stage heating and pyrolysis of biomass. As the temperature of each stage increases, the high-molecular substances in the previous stage will be further pyrolyzed to produce small-molecule fuel gases, including CO, H2, and CH4, ultimately achieving a high production rate of CO and H2, providing raw materials for the synthesis of green methanol;

[0042] 6. During the use of this application, water vapor and O2 are not used as gasification agents, which reduces the waste of biological carbon sources and steam consumption, and reduces production costs;

[0043] 7. The cascade utilization of heat sources at different temperatures is planned to maximize the effect of high-temperature heat sources in different process steps.

[0044] The devices, connection relationships, etc. not specifically described above belong to the existing technology and will not be described in detail in this utility model.

[0045] The preferred embodiment of the present application is described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the specific details in the above-mentioned embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present application, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0046] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner unless there is any contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of this application will not be described separately.

[0047] In addition, the various implementation methods of the present application can be arbitrarily combined, as long as they do not violate the concept of the present application, and they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization, comprising a coke tank (1) and a biomass tank (2), characterized in that: A biomass feed pipeline (4) is provided on the top of the biomass tank (2), a dryer (5) is provided on the biomass feed pipeline (4), the coke tank (1) and the bottom of the biomass tank (2) are respectively connected to a thermal conversion device, the upper part of the thermal conversion device is sequentially connected to a tar thermal decomposition device and a methane thermal decomposition device (10), and the lower part of the thermal conversion device is provided with a carbon outlet (11).

2. The biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon outlet (11) is connected to a particle screening device (12).

3. The biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet end of the methane thermal decomposition device (10) is connected to the tar thermal decomposition device, and the tar thermal decomposition device is connected to the biomass tank (2).

4. The biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper portion of the biomass tank (2) is connected to a dust removal and purification device (7) via a second pyrolysis gas delivery pipeline (6), and a blower (8) is provided on the second pyrolysis gas delivery pipeline (6).

5. The biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second pyrolysis gas delivery pipeline (6) is connected to the dryer (5).

6. The biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the heat conversion device is connected to the upper part of the biomass tank (2).

7. The biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tar thermal decomposition device comprises a tar pyrolysis section heater 1 (14) and a tar pyrolysis section heater 2 (15) connected in sequence, the outlet end of the methane thermal decomposition device (10) is respectively connected to the inlet end of the tar pyrolysis section heater 1 (14) and the inlet end of the tar pyrolysis section heater 2 (15), and the outlet end of the tar pyrolysis section heater 1 (14) and the outlet end of the tar pyrolysis section heater 2 (15) are respectively connected to the biomass tank (2).

8. The biomass pyrolysis device based on coke heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal conversion device adopts one of a reaction gasification furnace (9), a dry distillation furnace, a carbonization furnace, and a cracking furnace.

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