Natural fishway imitating structure with adjustable flow velocity

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of ecological environment, and discloses a flow-speed-adjustable nature-imitating fishway structure which comprises a fishway bottom plate, the top of the fishway bottom plate is fixedly connected with a side wall, the top of the side wall is fixedly connected with a transverse plate, the top of the transverse plate is provided with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism comprises a stepping motor, and the stepping motor is connected with the side wall. The stepping motor is fixedly installed at the top of the transverse plate, a rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the left side of an output shaft of the stepping motor, stones are arranged at the top of the fishway bottom plate, an adjusting mechanism is arranged at the top of the fishway bottom plate, the driving mechanism further comprises a fixing plate, and the fixing plate is fixedly installed at the top of the transverse plate. According to the utility model, through the arrangement of the driving mechanism and the adjusting mechanism, the cross sectional area of water flow can be easily calculated through the length and width of the through groove, and the cross sectional area of the through groove is linearly changed along with the depth of the insertion rod inserted into the insertion groove, so that the control accuracy of the flow speed of the water flow passing through the through groove is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of ecological environment, in particular to a natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate. Background Art

[0002] For purposes such as flood control, power generation, navigation, and water extraction, a large number of water-retaining structures have been constructed along rivers. These structures block fish migration, destroy fish habitats, and significantly impact their survival and reproduction. Currently, the main types of fish passage facilities include fishways, boat lifts, and fish collecting vessels. Fishways are widely used, and are typically trough-type or vertical-slit-type. Based on traditional engineered fishways, fishways fully simulate the characteristics of natural river channels. By adjusting the flow rate, they maximize the optimal flow conditions for fish passage, create a favorable migration environment, and improve the fish passage efficiency.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese patent publication number CN214530561U, which discloses a fishway structure with adjustable flow rate, simulating natural vertical slits. The structure comprises a fishway floor with vertically mounted fishway sidewalls on either side of the floor's top. The floor and sidewalls are integrally formed, with multiple speed control units equidistantly positioned between the two sidewalls. This patent incorporates an adjustable long baffle frame structure that continuously adjusts the width of the vertical slits and the flow rate based on flow variations in the fishway. This allows the fishway to maintain optimal flow rates under varying flow conditions, further improving fish passage efficiency.

[0004] However, when adjusting the width of the vertical slit of the fishway, this patent drives the two long baffle frames to rotate through two adjusting connecting rods to change the width of the vertical slit of the fishway between the long baffle frame and the short baffle frame. The change in the width of the vertical slit of the fishway caused by the rotation of the long baffle frame is not linear, and it is difficult to accurately and intuitively adjust the flow rate of the water flow, which reduces the accuracy of control. At the same time, the water flow in the river channel will change periodically with the water season. When the peak water flow height is too large, flood discharge is usually required to ensure safety. The above patent does not make appropriate water flow rate adjustments according to the water level. Therefore, a natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate is proposed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the utility model provides a natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate, which aims to improve the problem in the existing technology that "it is difficult to accurately and intuitively adjust the flow rate by rotating the long partition frame to change the vertical slit width, thereby reducing the control accuracy."

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate, including a fishway bottom plate, the top of the fishway bottom plate is fixedly connected to a side wall, the top of the side wall is fixedly connected to a horizontal plate, the top of the horizontal plate is provided with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism includes a stepper motor, the stepper motor is fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal plate, the left side of the output shaft of the stepper motor is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, the top of the fishway bottom plate is provided with stones, and the top of the fishway bottom plate is provided with an adjustment mechanism.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0008] The driving mechanism further comprises a fixing plate, which is fixedly mounted on the top of the transverse plate, and the rotating shaft passes through and is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the fixing plate.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0010] The driving mechanism also includes a winding roller and a rope, the winding roller is fixedly mounted on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, one end of the rope is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the winding roller, the other end of the rope is fixedly connected to a hanging ear, and the rope is wound around the circumferential surface of the winding roller.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The adjustment mechanism includes a first movable plate, the top of the first movable plate is fixedly mounted to the hanging ear, and the bottom of the first movable plate is fixedly connected to the insertion rod.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The adjustment mechanism also includes a cylinder, which is fixedly installed on the top of the fishway bottom plate. A slot is provided inside the cylinder, and the insertion rod is inserted into the inner wall of the slot. Through slots are provided on the front and rear side surfaces of the cylinder.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] The adjustment mechanism further includes a second movable plate, a surface of which is provided with a through hole, and an inner wall of the through hole contacts the circumferential surface of the insertion rod.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The hanging ear is fixedly installed on the top of the second movable plate, and a baffle is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second movable plate. The left and right side surfaces of the baffle are set as arc surfaces.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] The adjustment mechanism also includes a column, which is fixedly installed on the top of the fishway bottom plate. The front side of the column is fixedly connected to a guide plate. The number of the columns is set to two groups, and the sides of the two groups of columns that are close to each other are in contact with the baffle surface.

[0021] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. In the present invention, by providing a driving mechanism and an adjusting mechanism, the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow can be easily calculated by the length and width of the through-groove, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the through-groove changes linearly with the depth of the insertion rod into the slot, thereby improving the control accuracy of the flow rate of the water flow through the through-groove.

[0023] 2. In the present invention, by switching the rope from the hanging ear on the first movable plate to the hanging ear on the second movable plate, when the second movable plate moves upward, it will simultaneously drive the first movable plate to move upward, drive the baffle to move upward, and superimpose the water flow passing through the through-groove, further improving the overall flow velocity and water flow rate, increasing the water flow rate during flood discharge, and reducing the safety risks of the fishway. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjustment mechanism in the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cylinder, baffle, second movable plate, and hanging ear in the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the three-dimensional structure of the cylinder, slot, through slot, baffle and arc surface in the utility model.

[0028] Legend:

[0029] 1. Fishway bottom plate; 2. Side wall; 3. Horizontal plate; 4. Fixed plate; 5. Stepper motor; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Winding roller; 8. Rope; 9. Hanging lug; 10. First movable plate; 11. Insert rod; 12. Cylinder; 13. Slot; 14. Through slot; 15. Second movable plate; 16. Through hole; 17. Baffle; 18. Arc surface; 19. Column; 20. Guide plate; 21. Stone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 The utility model provides an embodiment of a natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate, comprising a fishway bottom plate 1, a side wall 2 fixedly connected to the top of the fishway bottom plate 1, a river channel formed by the combination of the fishway bottom plate 1 and the side wall 2, which facilitates the passage of water and is conducive to the migration of fish. The top of the side wall 2 is fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged horizontal plate 3, and a driving mechanism is arranged on the top of the horizontal plate 3. The driving mechanism includes a stepping motor 5, which can accurately control the rotation angle of its output shaft, conveniently adjust the rotation speed and rotation angle of its rotation shaft, and can be adjusted accordingly according to different work requirements to play a role of precise control. The stepping motor 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the horizontal plate 3, and a rotating shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the left side of the output shaft of the stepping motor 5. Stones 21 for disrupting the direction of water flow are provided on the top of the fishway bottom plate 1 to simulate the water flow conditions of a natural river channel. The number and position of the stones 21 can be randomly placed above the fishway bottom plate 1 according to the actual conditions of the natural environment. An adjusting mechanism is provided on the top of the fishway bottom plate 1.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The driving mechanism also includes a fixed plate 4, the number of fixed plates 4 is set to two groups, the fixed plate 4 is fixedly mounted on the top of the cross plate 3, the rotating shaft 6 passes through and is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the fixed plate 4, the driving mechanism also includes a winding roller 7 and a rope 8, the number of ropes 8 is set to two strands, the rope 8 plays a transmission role, the winding roller 7 is fixedly mounted on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 6, one end of the rope 8 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the winding roller 7, and the other end of the rope 8 is fixedly connected to a hanging ear 9. When the winding roller 7 rotates, the length of the rope 8 extending out of the winding roller 7 can be controlled, which is convenient for precise control of the adjustment mechanism. The rope 8 is wound around the circumferential surface of the winding roller 7.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 - Figure 4The regulating mechanism includes a first movable plate 10 arranged in a horizontal state, the top of the first movable plate 10 is fixedly installed with the hanging ear 9, and the bottom of the first movable plate 10 is fixedly connected with a rod 11 for controlling the flow rate of water. The number of rods 11 is set to multiple, and the regulating mechanism also includes a cylinder 12, the number of cylinders 12 is equal to the number of rods 11, the cylinder 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the fishway bottom plate 1, and a slot 13 is provided inside the cylinder 12. The rod 11 is inserted into the inner wall of the slot 13. The flow rate of the water flow is adjusted by controlling the depth of the rod 11 inserted into the slot 13. A through groove 14 is provided on the front and rear side surfaces of the cylinder 12. The deeper the depth of the rod 11 inserted into the slot 13, the smaller the cross-sectional area of ​​the through groove 14 that can pass through the water flow, so the slower the water flow passes.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 - Figure 4 The adjusting mechanism also includes a second movable plate 15, a through hole 16 is opened on the surface of the second movable plate 15, the number of through holes 16 is equal to the number of the plug rods 11, the inner wall of the through hole 16 is in contact with the circumferential surface of the plug rod 11, thereby improving the accuracy of the up and down displacement of the plug rod 11 and preventing the water flow from impacting the plug rod 11 and causing the plug rod 11 to deviate. The lug 9 is fixedly mounted on the top of the second movable plate 15, and by switching the rope 8 from the lug 9 on the first movable plate 10 to the lug 9 on the second movable plate 15, the influence range of the driving force of the driving mechanism can be switched, thereby improving the accuracy of control. A baffle 17 for blocking the passage of water is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second movable plate 15, and the left and right side surfaces of the baffle 17 are set to arc-shaped surfaces 18 matching the surface shape of the cylinder 12, so as to improve the more accurate linear motion of the baffle 17 when it moves up and down.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The regulating mechanism also includes a column 19, which serves to stabilize the overall structure. The column 19 is fixedly mounted on the top of the fishway bottom plate 1. The front side of the column 19 is fixedly connected to a guide plate 20. The front side surface of the guide plate 20 is set as an inclined surface to guide the flow direction of the water flow and concentrate the water flow, thereby guiding the passing direction of the fish school and playing a role of precise control. The number of columns 19 is set to two groups, and the side of the two groups of columns 19 close to each other is in contact with the surface of the baffle 17.

[0036] Working principle: When in use, by starting the power supply of the stepper motor 5, the stepper motor 5 starts to drive the rotating shaft 6 to rotate, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 6 drives the winding roller 7 to rotate. The rotation of the winding roller 7 makes the length of the rope 8 wrapped around the winding roller 7 longer, thereby shortening the length of the rope 8 extending outside the winding roller 7, thereby driving the first movable plate 10 under the hanging ear 9 to move upward, and the displacement of the first movable plate 10 drives the insertion rod 11 to move upward, thereby increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the through groove 14 through which the water flow can pass, thereby increasing the water flow rate and flow rate of the water flow. At the same time, the cross-section of the through groove 14 is set to be rectangular. The cross-sectional area of ​​the through groove 14 can be more easily calculated according to the length and width of the through groove 14, and the speed of the water flow can be accurately controlled according to the depth of the insertion rod 11 inserted into the slot 13, thereby improving the accuracy of control.

[0037] When the amount of water upstream is too large, causing the water level in the fishway to be too high and needing to be drained, the rope 8 is switched from the hook 9 on the first movable plate 10 to the hook 9 on the second movable plate 15, and then the power of the stepper motor 5 is started. The stepper motor 5 works to drive the second movable plate 15 to move upward, and because the first movable plate 10 is located above the second movable plate 15, when the second movable plate 15 moves upward, it will also drive the first movable plate 10 to move upward together. The displacement of the second movable plate 15 drives the baffle 17 to move upward, thereby increasing the speed of water flow, superimposing the water flow passing through the through groove 14, and further improving the overall flow rate and water flow rate of the passing water.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate, comprising a fishway bottom plate (1), characterized in that: The top of the fishway bottom plate (1) is fixedly connected to a side wall (2), the top of the side wall (2) is fixedly connected to a transverse plate (3), the top of the transverse plate (3) is provided with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism comprising a stepping motor (5), the stepping motor (5) is fixedly mounted on the top of the transverse plate (3), the left side of the output shaft of the stepping motor (5) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (6), the top of the fishway bottom plate (1) is provided with a stone (21), and the top of the fishway bottom plate (1) is provided with an adjusting mechanism.

2. The natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism further comprises a fixed plate (4), wherein the fixed plate (4) is fixedly mounted on the top of the transverse plate (3), and the rotating shaft (6) passes through and is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the fixed plate (4).

3. The natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism further comprises a winding roller (7) and a rope (8), wherein the winding roller (7) is fixedly mounted on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (6), one end of the rope (8) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the winding roller (7), and the other end of the rope (8) is fixedly connected to a hanging ear (9), and the rope (8) is wound around the circumferential surface of the winding roller (7).

4. The natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism comprises a first movable plate (10), the top of the first movable plate (10) is fixedly mounted on the hanging ear (9), and the bottom of the first movable plate (10) is fixedly connected to the insertion rod (11).

5. The natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism further comprises a cylinder (12), which is fixedly mounted on the top of the fishway bottom plate (1), a slot (13) is provided inside the cylinder (12), the insertion rod (11) is inserted into the inner wall of the slot (13), and a through slot (14) is provided on the front and rear side surfaces of the cylinder (12).

6. The natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism further comprises a second movable plate (15), a through hole (16) is provided on the surface of the second movable plate (15), and the inner wall of the through hole (16) contacts the circumferential surface of the insertion rod (11).

7. The natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hanging ear (9) is fixedly mounted on the top of the second movable plate (15); the bottom of the second movable plate (15) is fixedly connected with a baffle (17); and the left and right side surfaces of the baffle (17) are configured as arc-shaped surfaces (18).

8. The natural fishway structure with adjustable flow rate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism further comprises a column (19), wherein the column (19) is fixedly mounted on the top of the fishway bottom plate (1), and a guide plate (20) is fixedly connected to the front side of the column (19). The number of the columns (19) is set to two groups, and the sides of the two groups of columns (19) that are close to each other are in contact with the surface of the baffle (17).

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