Ship electric propulsion thermal management system and ship

Abstract

The utility model provides a ship electric propulsion thermal management system and a ship, and relates to the technical field of ship electric propulsion, the system comprises a battery loop and a motor loop, one end of the battery loop is connected with one end of a power battery, the other end of the battery loop is connected with the other end of the power battery, and the battery loop is connected with the motor loop in parallel; a heating loop and a cooling loop are arranged on the battery loop and are connected in parallel; the heating loop is provided with a warm air core body, the cooling loop is provided with an evaporator, and the warm air core body and the evaporator are arranged adjacently, so that the temperature of the battery can be effectively controlled, the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery is improved, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and the battery can be kept in the optimal working state at different environment temperatures; and stable and efficient operation of the ship electric propulsion system is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of ship electric propulsion, in particular to a ship electric propulsion thermal management system and a ship. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the advancement of electric propulsion technology, applications such as electric propulsion ships have flourished. To ensure the stable and efficient operation of electric propulsion systems, thermal management systems have become increasingly crucial. Effectively controlling the temperature of various components in electric propulsion systems can prevent overheating-related performance degradation, safety hazards, and shortened battery life.

[0003] The current development of electric-powered ships faces challenges such as low energy density and short cruising range. The impact of temperature on battery performance cannot be ignored. Battery overheating not only degrades performance and exacerbates safety risks, but also shortens battery life, directly impacting the economic benefits and safety of electric-powered ships.

[0004] Existing thermal management systems for electric-powered vessels generally suffer from bulky structures, low control precision, and inefficient heat exchange, making it difficult to effectively maintain the battery within its optimal operating temperature range. Unstable temperatures can reduce battery discharge efficiency and increase energy loss, directly reducing the vessel's range.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a thermal management system with simple structure, high efficiency and strong reliability to effectively control battery temperature, improve battery charging and discharging efficiency and extend its service life, and promote the development and application upgrade of electric propulsion ship technology. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a ship electric propulsion thermal management system and a ship, so as to alleviate the technical problem of short cruising range of electric propulsion ships existing in the prior art.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a ship electric propulsion thermal management system, comprising:

[0008] A battery circuit and a motor circuit, one end of the battery circuit is connected to one end of the power battery, and the other end is connected to the other end of the power battery, and the battery circuit and the motor circuit are connected in parallel;

[0009] A heating circuit and a cooling circuit are provided on the battery circuit, and the heating circuit and the cooling circuit are connected in parallel; a heater core is provided on the heating circuit, and an evaporator is provided on the cooling circuit, and the heater core and the evaporator are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the battery circuit and the motor circuit are connected in parallel via a four-way valve.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the battery circuit includes a battery circuit water pump, the heating circuit further includes a dual-core heat exchanger, and the cooling circuit further includes a water-cooled heat exchanger;

[0012] One end of the battery loop water pump is connected to one end of the power battery through a dual-core heat exchanger and a water-cooled heat exchanger, and the other end is connected to the first port of the four-way valve, and the second port of the four-way valve is connected to the other end of the power battery.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the motor circuit includes a motor circuit water pump, an electric drive component, and a radiator. One end of the motor circuit water pump is connected to the third port of the four-way valve through the electric drive component and the radiator, and the other end is connected to the fourth port of the four-way valve.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the motor circuit also includes a first three-way valve, the first port of the first three-way valve is connected to the electric drive component, the second port of the first three-way valve is connected to one end of the radiator, the other end of the radiator is connected to the third port of the four-way valve, and the third port of the first three-way valve is connected to the third port of the four-way valve.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the heating circuit also includes a water heater, a heating circuit water pump and a second three-way valve, and the water inlet of the dual-core heat exchanger is connected to the water outlet of the dual-core heat exchanger through the second three-way valve, the water heater, the heating circuit water pump and the warm air core.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the cooling circuit includes a compressor, a condenser and an expansion valve, and the water inlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger is connected to the water outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger through the evaporator, the compressor, the condenser and the expansion valve.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, an expansion valve is provided between the evaporator and the condenser, and between the water outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger and the condenser.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, both the battery circuit and the motor circuit are provided with expansion water tanks.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a ship, comprising: the above-mentioned ship electric propulsion thermal management system.

[0020] The utility model provides a ship electric propulsion thermal management system and a ship, which can achieve temperature control of the power battery by setting a battery circuit and a motor circuit in parallel, and configuring a heating circuit and a cooling circuit on the battery circuit. The heater core in the heating circuit can provide a heating function to prevent the battery performance from deteriorating in a low-temperature environment, while the evaporator in the cooling circuit can reduce the battery temperature through heat exchange, thereby effectively controlling the battery temperature, improving the battery charging and discharging efficiency and extending its service life, ensuring that the battery can maintain an optimal working state under different ambient temperatures, and ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the ship's electric propulsion system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a ship electric propulsion thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cooling circuit provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heating circuit provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the motor circuit provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Icons: 100-power battery; 210-battery circuit water pump; 220-dual-core heat exchanger; 221-second three-way valve; 222-water heater; 223-heating circuit water pump; 224-warm air core; 230-water-cooled heat exchanger; 231-compressor; 232-condenser; 233-expansion valve; 234-evaporator; 310-motor circuit water pump; 320-electric drive assembly; 330-first three-way valve; 340-radiator; 400-four-way valve; 500-expansion tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ship electric propulsion thermal management system provided by the utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system mainly includes: a battery circuit and a motor circuit, wherein one end of the battery circuit is connected to one end of the power battery 100, and the other end is connected to the other end of the power battery 100, and the battery circuit and the motor circuit are connected in parallel; a heating circuit and a cooling circuit are provided on the battery circuit, and the heating circuit and the cooling circuit are connected in parallel; a heater core 224 is provided on the heating circuit, and an evaporator 234 is provided on the cooling circuit, and the heater core 224 and the evaporator 234 are arranged adjacent to each other.

[0030] The present invention can achieve temperature control of the power battery 100 by setting up a battery circuit and a motor circuit in parallel, and configuring a heating circuit and a cooling circuit on the battery circuit. The heater core 224 in the heating circuit can provide a heating function to prevent the battery performance from deteriorating in a low-temperature environment, while the evaporator 234 in the cooling circuit can reduce the battery temperature through heat exchange, thereby forming an electric propulsion thermal management system. The system mainly manages and controls the heat generated during the electric propulsion process, and maintains the various components of the electric propulsion system within the optimal operating temperature range through precise temperature control, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the electric propulsion system.

[0031] Among them, the electric propulsion thermal management system mainly has the following functions:

[0032] 1. Battery thermal management: Ensure that the battery is in the optimal temperature range during charging and discharging to prevent overheating and improve efficiency and life;

[0033] 2. Thermal management of motors and electronic control units: Protect motors and electronic control units from excessive temperatures, maintain their stability and performance, and extend their service life;

[0034] 3. Passenger compartment thermal management: Provides a suitable temperature environment for the passenger compartment to improve comfort;

[0035] 4. Overall energy consumption management: Through efficient thermal management, energy consumption loss is reduced and the cruising range of electric propulsion ships is increased;

[0036] 5. Safety assurance: prevent battery thermal runaway, protect electronic devices, and ensure ship safety.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, the battery circuit and the motor circuit are connected in parallel via a four-way valve 400 .

[0038] In an optional embodiment, the battery circuit includes a battery circuit water pump 210 , the heating circuit further includes a dual-core heat exchanger 220 , and the cooling circuit further includes a water-cooled heat exchanger 230 ;

[0039] One end of the battery circuit water pump 210 is connected to one end of the power battery 100 through the dual-core heat exchanger 220 and the water-cooled heat exchanger 230 , and the other end is connected to the first port of the four-way valve 400 , and the second port of the four-way valve 400 is connected to the other end of the power battery 100 .

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the cooling circuit includes a compressor 231, a condenser 232 and an expansion valve 233, and the water inlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger 230 is connected to the water outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger 230 through the evaporator 234, the compressor 231, the condenser 232 and the expansion valve 233.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, an expansion valve 233 is provided between the evaporator 234 and the condenser 232 , and between the water outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger 230 and the condenser 232 .

[0042] It should be noted that the power battery 100 can be cooled by the cooling circuit of the present invention.

[0043] Specifically, when the power battery 100 is in a charging scenario or a sailing scenario, in this mode, the BMS (Battery Management System) determines whether the battery needs to be cooled. If cooling is required, the VCU (Vehicle Control Unit) determines whether the current conditions meet the battery cooling conditions. The HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) system comprehensively considers the ambient temperature, battery circuit water temperature, and motor circuit water temperature to determine whether the current conditions meet the battery cooling conditions. If so, the compressor 231 in the battery circuit is controlled to work, thereby cooling the power battery 100.

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling circuit provided by the present invention for cooling the power battery 100, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, one end of the power battery 100 is connected to one end of the water-cooled heat exchanger 230, the other end of the water-cooled heat exchanger 230 is connected to one end of the dual-core heat exchanger 220, the other end of the dual-core heat exchanger 220 is connected to one end of the battery circuit water pump 210, the other end of the battery circuit water pump 210 is connected to the first port of the four-way valve 400, and the second port of the four-way valve 400 is connected to the other end of the power battery 100, thereby forming a battery circuit;

[0045] One end of the evaporator 234 is connected to one end of the compressor 231, the other end of the compressor 231 is connected to one end of the condenser 232, the other end of the condenser 232 is connected to the other end of the evaporator 234, and both ends of the water-cooled heat exchanger 230 are respectively connected to both ends of the evaporator 234, thereby forming a cooling circuit, wherein the water-cooled heat exchanger 230 and the evaporator 234 are connected in parallel;

[0046] An expansion valve 233 is provided between the evaporator 234 and the condenser 232, and between the water-cooled heat exchanger 230 and the condenser 232. The expansion valve 233 is an electronic expansion valve 233. The pressure value in the cooling circuit can be automatically adjusted by the expansion valve 233, so that the cooling circuit reaches a balance.

[0047] The cooling circuit is connected to the battery circuit through the water-cooled heat exchanger 230. When the power battery 100 needs to be cooled, the compressor 231 in the cooling circuit is started to make the water-cooled heat exchanger 230 work; the battery circuit water pump 210 is started to cool the power battery 100 through the water-cooled heat exchanger 230.

[0048] It should be noted that when the cooling circuit is required to cool the power battery 100 , the dual-core heat exchanger 220 does not work. At this time, the dual-core heat exchanger 220 acts as a pipeline.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the heating circuit also includes a water heater 222, a heating circuit water pump 223 and a second three-way valve 221, and the water inlet of the dual-core heat exchanger 220 is connected to the water outlet of the dual-core heat exchanger 220 through the second three-way valve 221, the water heater 222, the heating circuit water pump 223 and the warm air core 224.

[0050] It should be noted that the power battery 100 can be heated by the heating circuit of the present invention.

[0051] Specifically, when the power battery 100 is in a charging scenario or a sailing scenario, in this mode the BMS determines whether the battery needs to be heated. If heating is required, the VCU determines whether the current conditions meet the conditions for battery heating. Among them, the HVAC comprehensively considers the ambient temperature, the battery circuit water temperature, and the motor circuit water temperature to determine whether the current conditions meet the conditions for battery heating. If so, the compressor 231 in the battery circuit is controlled to work, thereby heating the power battery 100.

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heating circuit provided by the present invention to heat the power battery 100, as shown in FIG. Figure 3As shown, one end of the power battery 100 is connected to one end of the water-cooled heat exchanger 230, the other end of the water-cooled heat exchanger 230 is connected to one end of the dual-core heat exchanger 220, the other end of the dual-core heat exchanger 220 is connected to one end of the battery circuit water pump 210, the other end of the battery circuit water pump 210 is connected to the first port of the four-way valve 400, and the second port of the four-way valve 400 is connected to the other end of the power battery 100, thereby forming a battery circuit;

[0053] One end of the dual-core heat exchanger 220 is connected to the first port of the second three-way valve 221, the third port of the second three-way valve 221 is connected to one end of the water heater 222, the other end of the water heater 222 is connected to one end of the heating circuit water pump 223, the other end of the heating circuit water pump 223 is connected to the other end of the dual-core heat exchanger 220, one end of the heater core 224 is connected to the second port of the second three-way valve 221, and the other end is connected to the end of the heating circuit water pump 223 away from the water heater 222, thereby forming a heating circuit, wherein the heater core 224 is connected in parallel with the water heater 222 and the heating circuit water pump 223;

[0054] The heating circuit is connected to the battery circuit through a dual-core heat exchanger 220. When the power battery 100 needs to be heated, the water heater 222 and the heating circuit water pump 223 in the heating circuit are started to make the dual-core heat exchanger 220 work; the battery circuit water pump 210 is started to heat the power battery 100 through the dual-core heat exchanger 220.

[0055] It should be noted that when the heating circuit is required to heat the power battery 100 , the water-cooled heat exchanger 230 does not work. At this time, the water-cooled heat exchanger 230 acts as a pipeline.

[0056] In an optional embodiment, the heater core 224 and the evaporator 234 are arranged adjacent to each other. When heating the power battery 100, the compressor 231 in the cooling circuit can also be started. After the compressor 231 works and the evaporator 234 generates waste heat, the heater core 224 and the evaporator 234 are arranged adjacent to each other. The heater core 224 absorbs the excess heat generated by the evaporator 234, thereby accelerating the rapid increase in temperature of the heater core 224.

[0057] In an optional embodiment, the motor circuit includes a motor circuit water pump 310, an electric drive component 320, and a radiator 340. One end of the motor circuit water pump 310 is connected to the third port of the four-way valve 400 through the electric drive component 320 and the radiator 340, and the other end is connected to the fourth port of the four-way valve 400.

[0058] In an optional embodiment, the motor circuit also includes a first three-way valve 330, the first port of the first three-way valve 330 is connected to the electric drive component 320, the second port of the first three-way valve 330 is connected to one end of the radiator 340, the other end of the radiator 340 is connected to the third port of the four-way valve 400, and the third port of the first three-way valve 330 is connected to the third port of the four-way valve 400.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, an expansion water tank 500 is provided on both the battery circuit and the motor circuit, wherein an expansion water tank 500 is provided on the first three-way valve 330, and an expansion water tank 500 is provided on the end of the heating circuit water pump 223 away from the water heater 222, and the thermal management system is replenished with water through the expansion water tank 500.

[0060] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the structure of the motor circuit provided by the utility model for cooling the motor is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, one end of the motor circuit water pump 310 is connected to one end of the electric drive component 320, the other end of the electric drive component 320 is connected to the first port of the first three-way valve 330, the second port of the first three-way valve 330 is connected to one end of the radiator 340, the other end of the radiator 340 is connected to the third port of the four-way valve 400, and the second port of the four-way valve 400 is connected to the other end of the motor circuit water pump 310, wherein the battery circuit, the motor circuit and the power battery 100 are connected in parallel through the four-way valve 400; the third port of the first three-way valve 330 is connected to the third port of the four-way valve 400.

[0061] Among them, the electric drive component 320 includes but is not limited to a rear reducer, a front motor, a rear motor, a rear IPU, a front IPU and a three-in-one.

[0062] Furthermore, when the motor circuit cools the motor, the VCU starts the motor circuit to cool the motor by determining that the temperature of a component in the motor circuit is too high. Specifically, the speed of the motor circuit water pump 310 is adjusted, and the HVAC adjusts the position of the first three-way proportional water valve to the radiator 340. The motor circuit is started for cooling when the motor temperature is higher than 75°C; the IPU (Intelligent Power Unit) is higher than 45°C; the DCDC is higher than 60°C; and the OBC (On-Board Charger) is higher than 50°C.

[0063] Furthermore, when the difference between the highest and lowest temperatures of the power battery 100 cells is too large, or the difference between the battery circuit water temperature and the highest and lowest battery temperatures is too large, resulting in thermal shock, the battery circuit water pump 210 needs to be turned on to perform thermal balance of the battery.

[0064] When the ambient temperature of the power battery 100 is below 25°C and the temperature of the power battery 100 is relatively high, it is necessary to switch the port position of the four-way valve 400 to connect the battery circuit and the motor circuit in parallel, and use the radiator 340 to dissipate heat from the power battery 100 to achieve energy saving. Pre-cooling of the power battery 100 means that when the temperature of the power battery 100 is about to reach the required cooling temperature, the radiator 340 is used to pre-cool the power battery 100.

[0065] Motor waste heat recovery is to connect the battery circuit and the motor circuit in parallel when the power battery 100 is low and the water temperature of the motor circuit is higher than a certain value of the battery circuit water temperature, and use the motor circuit temperature to heat the power battery 100, so that the power battery 100 is at a suitable operating temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving.

[0066] The ship electric propulsion thermal management system of the present invention can ensure that the power battery 100 operates within an appropriate temperature range, avoiding performance degradation and safety hazards caused by overheating, while improving the battery's charging and discharging efficiency and service life; at the same time, by optimizing the battery temperature, it reduces energy loss caused by temperature changes, helps to improve the cruising range of electric propulsion ships and alleviate users' mileage anxiety; and improves energy utilization, which is beneficial to the environmental protection performance and energy-saving effect of the entire ship.

[0067] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a ship, comprising a ship electric propulsion thermal management system.

[0068] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0069] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0070] It should also be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ship electric propulsion thermal management system, characterized in that: include: A battery circuit and a motor circuit, wherein one end of the battery circuit is connected to one end of the power battery, and the other end is connected to the other end of the power battery, and the battery circuit and the motor circuit are connected in parallel; The battery circuit is provided with a heating circuit and a cooling circuit, and the heating circuit is connected in parallel with the cooling circuit; the heating circuit is provided with a heater core, and the cooling circuit is provided with an evaporator, and the heater core and the evaporator are arranged adjacent to each other.

2. The ship electric propulsion thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery circuit and the motor circuit are connected in parallel via a four-way valve.

3. The ship electric propulsion thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery circuit includes a battery circuit water pump, the heating circuit also includes a dual-core heat exchanger, and the cooling circuit also includes a water-cooled heat exchanger; One end of the battery circuit water pump is connected to one end of the power battery through the dual-core heat exchanger and the water-cooled heat exchanger, and the other end is connected to the first port of the four-way valve, and the second port of the four-way valve is connected to the other end of the power battery.

4. The ship electric propulsion thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The motor circuit includes a motor circuit water pump, an electric drive component, and a radiator. One end of the motor circuit water pump is connected to the third port of the four-way valve through the electric drive component and the radiator, and the other end is connected to the fourth port of the four-way valve.

5. The ship electric propulsion thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The motor circuit also includes a first three-way valve, a first port of the first three-way valve is connected to the electric drive component, a second port of the first three-way valve is connected to one end of the radiator, the other end of the radiator is connected to the third port of the four-way valve, and the third port of the first three-way valve is connected to the third port of the four-way valve.

6. The ship electric propulsion thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating circuit also includes a water heater, a heating circuit water pump and a second three-way valve. The water inlet of the dual-core heat exchanger is connected to the water outlet of the dual-core heat exchanger through the second three-way valve, the water heater, the heating circuit water pump and the warm air core.

7. The ship electric propulsion thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling circuit includes a compressor, a condenser and an expansion valve. The water inlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger is connected to the water outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger through the evaporator, the compressor, the condenser and the expansion valve.

8. The ship electric propulsion thermal management system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The expansion valve is provided between the evaporator and the condenser, and between the water outlet of the water-cooled heat exchanger and the condenser.

9. The ship electric propulsion thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery circuit and the motor circuit are both provided with expansion water tanks.

10. A ship, characterized in that: include: The ship electric propulsion thermal management system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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