Motorcycle instrument based on microprocessor chip

Abstract

The utility model provides a motorcycle instrument based on a microprocessor chip, and aims to improve the integration level, functionality, reliability and safety of the motorcycle instrument. The system comprises a plurality of signal acquisition and processing modules, such as an environment temperature, oil quantity, water temperature, rotating speed and vehicle speed signal processing module, and an instrument startup detection module, an engine fault detection module, an ABS fault detection module and an automobile data recorder module. Through the microprocessor chip, the modules can monitor and process vehicle operation parameters in real time, and accurate information is provided for a driver. The design of the liquid crystal screen backlight power supply circuit module and the vehicle speed signal processing module considers the efficiency, the stability and the anti-interference capability, and ensures that stable and accurate information display is provided in various environments. In addition, the system is also integrated with a Bluetooth circuit module, so that the communication capability with other equipment is enhanced. And the microprocessor chip is connected with each module through a plurality of pins, so that efficient data processing and display are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of motorcycle instrument circuits, in particular to a motorcycle instrument based on a microprocessor chip. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of motorcycle technology, the requirements for instrumentation systems are also increasing. However, existing motorcycle instrumentation systems have many shortcomings and cannot meet the demand for high-performance, multifunctional instruments on modern motorcycles. The main drawbacks are as follows: Low vehicle speed signal processing accuracy: Traditional vehicle speed signal processing modules are susceptible to interference in complex onboard environments, resulting in inaccurate speed information. Furthermore, the signal processing reliability and system compatibility are insufficient, making it difficult to adapt to the needs of different vehicle models and driving conditions, affecting the overall performance of the vehicle control system.

[0003] Low Integration: Existing motorcycle instrument systems typically utilize discrete circuit modules, resulting in a low overall integration level. This not only increases the size and complexity of the circuit boards, but also raises production costs and assembly difficulties. Furthermore, the interfaces and communication between the discrete modules increase system instability and potential failure points. Limited Functionality: Most existing instrument systems only provide basic display functions such as speed and rotational speed, lacking the ability to process and display additional vehicle status and driving information. This limits the instrument system's potential to enhance driving safety and user experience. High Production and Maintenance Costs: Due to design limitations, existing instrument systems have complex production processes and a large number of components, increasing not only production costs but also the difficulty and expense of ongoing maintenance. Poor Adaptability: Existing technologies struggle to flexibly adapt to changing vehicle models and user needs. Their lack of modularity and customizability limits the product's market adaptability. Inadequate LCD Backlight Control: Existing LCD backlight power supply circuits often focus on a single performance aspect, such as efficiency or stability, while neglecting other important factors. This results in inconsistent backlight output under varying operating conditions, impacting display quality and user experience. Furthermore, the lack of effective protection mechanisms and flexible control methods increases the risk of instrument system failure. These problems seriously restrict the performance improvement and function expansion of motorcycle instrument systems. A new, highly integrated instrument system design is urgently needed to solve these problems and meet the urgent needs of modern motorcycles for high-performance, multi-functional, low-cost instrument systems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present utility model aims to solve the problems existing in current motorcycle instrument systems, such as insufficient integration, single functionality, and insufficient reliability. By innovatively designing the LCD backlight power supply circuit module and the vehicle speed signal processing module, and integrating multiple functional modules into the microprocessor chip, the present invention is committed to improving the overall performance and practicality of motorcycle instruments. Specifically, the purpose of the present invention is to develop a highly integrated, multifunctional, and highly reliable motorcycle instrument system that can provide stable and accurate information display and signal processing in a complex driving environment, while reducing production costs and improving production efficiency. Through this innovative design, the present utility model aims to provide motorcycle users with a more intelligent, reliable, and easy-to-use instrument system, thereby enhancing the riding experience and safety, while providing motorcycle manufacturers with more competitive product options.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] The motorcycle instrument includes a microprocessor chip and several circuit modules and a Bluetooth circuit module, wherein: the HB_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the high beam module; the D_IN series pins of the microprocessor chip are connected to the gear display circuit module; the PWM pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the LCD backlight power supply circuit module; the SPI1 series pins of the microprocessor chip are connected to the LCD module interface circuit module; the PS series pins of the microprocessor chip are connected to the vehicle speed signal processing module and the rotation speed signal processing module; the signal acquisition module and the signal detection module are connected to the microprocessor chip and the turn signal module.

[0007] Preferably, the circuit connection mode of the vehicle speed signal processing module is as follows: the PS2 pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the first end of the resistor 6R2 and the first end of the capacitor 6C11, the second end of the resistor 6R2 and the second end of the resistor 6R1 and the first end of the capacitor 6C6 are all connected to the first end of the diode 6D2, the first end of the resistor 6R1 is connected to the voltage of 5V, the second end of the capacitor 6C6 and the capacitor 6C11 are connected and grounded; the PS1 pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the first end of the resistor 6R11 and the first end of the capacitor 6C10, the second end of the resistor 6R6 is respectively connected to the 1 pin of the operational amplifier and the second end of the resistor 6R11, and the first end of the resistor 6R6 is connected to the working voltage of 5V, the second end of the capacitor 6C10 is connected to the 4 pin of the operational amplifier and the resistor 6R10 The first end of the resistor 6R10 is connected to the first end of the resistor 6R8 and pin 2 of the operational amplifier, and the second end of the resistor 6R8 is connected to a voltage of 5V; pin 8 of the operational amplifier is connected to the first end of the capacitor 6C5 and is connected to a voltage of 5V, the first end of the capacitor 6C4 is connected to the second end of the capacitor 6C5 and are both grounded, the second end of the capacitor 6C4 and pin 3 of the operational amplifier are connected to the first end of the resistor 6R7, the second end of the resistor 6R7, the second end of the resistor 6R13, and the first end of the capacitor 6C3 are connected to the first end of the diode 6D1, the second end of the capacitor 6C3 is connected to the second end of the capacitor 6C1 and the second end of the resistor 6R9 and are all grounded, and one end of the capacitor 6C1 is connected to the first end of the resistor 6R9 and the second end of the diode 6D1.

[0008] Preferably, the circuit connection mode of the LCD backlight power supply circuit module is as follows: the PWM pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the first end of the diode 3D3, the second end of the diode 3D3 is connected to the third pin of the LED constant current driver and the first end of the resistor 3R11; the second end of the LED constant current driver, the second end of the resistor 3R11 and the second end of the capacitor 3C6 are connected, and all are grounded for protection; one pin of the LED constant current driver is connected to the first end of the inductor 3L1 and the first end of the voltage regulator diode 3D2, the second end of the inductor 3L1 is connected to one end of the light-emitting diode and The first end of the capacitor 3C5 is connected, the second end of the capacitor 3C5 and the second end of the light emitting diode and the first end of the resistor 3R8 and the fourth end of the LED constant current driver and the first end of the resistor 3R9 are connected to the BL-A pin of the LCD module interface; the first end of the voltage stabilizing diode 3D2 and the first end of the resistor 3R8 and the first end of the resistor 3R9 and the fifth pin of the LED constant current driver and the first end of the capacitor 3C6 are connected, and are connected to the first end of the capacitor 3C3 and one end of the electrolytic capacitor 3C4, and are also connected to the second end of the PMOS tube 3Q2, and the first end of the PMOS tube 3Q2 is connected. The first end of the resistor 3R4 is connected, the third end of the PMOS tube 3Q2 is connected to the first end of the resistor 3R3, the first end of the Zener diode 3ZD2, and the third pin of the transistor 3Q1, and is connected to the first end of the resistor 3R1. The third end of the PMOS tube is connected to the second end of the resistor 3R3, the second end of the Zener diode 3ZD2, and the second pin of the transistor 3Q1, and is connected to the first end of the resistor 3R5. The second end of the resistor 3R5 is connected to the third end of the transistor 3Q3. The second end of the transistor is connected to the second end of the resistor 3R7 and is grounded for protection. The first end of the resistor 3R7 The first end of the transistor 3Q3 is connected to the first end of the resistor 3R6, and the second end of the resistor 3R6 is connected to the microprocessor control chip; the first end of the transistor 3Q1 is connected to the first end of the resistor 3R2, and the second end of the resistor 3R2 is connected to the second end of the resistor 3R1 and the first end of the Zener diode 3ZD1; the second end of the Zener diode 3ZD1 is connected to the second end of the capacitor 3C2 and the second end of the capacitor 3C1, and all are grounded for protection, and the first end of the Zener diode 3ZD1, the first end of the capacitor 3C2 and the first end of the capacitor 3C1 are connected to the first end of the diode 3D1.

[0009] Preferably, the turn signal module further includes a left turn signal module and a right turn signal processing module.

[0010] Preferably, the signal acquisition module includes an ambient temperature acquisition module, an oil level acquisition module, and a water temperature acquisition module; the signal detection module includes an instrument startup detection module, an engine fault signal detection module, an ABS fault detection module, and a tire pressure detection module.

[0011] Preferably, the RT_IN pin and the LT_IN pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the right turn signal module and the left turn signal module respectively.

[0012] Preferably, the FUEL_ADC pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the fuel quantity signal acquisition module; the TEMP_ADC pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the water temperature signal acquisition module; the IGN+_ON / OFF pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the instrument power-on detection module; the FI_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the engine fault signal detection module; the ABS_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the ABS fault detection module; the UART0_RXD pin and UART0_TXD pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the tire pressure detection module.

[0013] Preferably, the CAN_TX pin, the CAN_RX pin and the CAN_STBY pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the CAN circuit module.

[0014] Preferably, the D_IN1 to D_IN6 and D_INN pins of the microprocessor chip are respectively connected to the 1 to 6 gear display circuit modules and the N gear display circuit module.

[0015] Preferably, the microprocessor chip is further connected to a clock circuit module, and the I2C0_SDA pin and the I2C0_SCL pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the clock circuit module.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model include the comprehensive consideration of efficiency, stability, protection, and flexibility in the design of the LCD backlight power supply circuit module, making it ideally suited for LCD backlight control in demanding industrial and consumer electronic products. It provides stable and reliable backlight output under various operating conditions, while also exhibiting excellent controllability and safety. Furthermore, the design of the vehicle speed signal processing module comprehensively considers signal processing accuracy, reliability, anti-interference capabilities, and system compatibility, making it ideally suited for speed signal processing in demanding automotive electronic systems. It can provide stable and accurate vehicle speed signal input in complex onboard environments, providing reliable speed information for the vehicle control system. Furthermore, the integration of several signal circuit modules via a microprocessor chip results in a higher level of integration for the motorcycle instrument, making circuit design and installation more convenient and reducing actual production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pins of the microprocessor chip of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2This is a circuit of the LCD backlight power supply circuit module of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is the vehicle speed signal processing module circuit of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is the high beam signal module circuit of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] like Figure 1 The pin diagram of the microprocessor chip of the present invention is shown in the figure. As shown in the figure, the microprocessor chip has several pins. The pins of the microprocessor are VCAP, HB_IN, XTLI, XTLO, LT_IN, RT_IN, RST, ZM_IN and other pins. Several processing modules are connected to the pins corresponding to the microprocessor chip. The modules connected to the microprocessor chip include high beam signal module, left turn signal module, right turn signal module, ambient temperature acquisition module, oil level signal acquisition module, water temperature signal acquisition module, instrument power-on detection module, vehicle speed signal processing module, speed signal processing module, gear display circuit module, CAN circuit module, clock circuit module, switching power supply module, driving recorder module, engine fault detection module, oil pressure alarm module, program writing module, LCD backlight power supply module, tire pressure detection module, ABS fault detection module, main power supply circuit module and liquid crystal module interface circuit module.

[0022] Among them: the HB_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the high beam signal module; the LT_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the left turn signal module; the RT_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the right turn signal module; the AT_AD pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the ambient temperature acquisition module; the TEMP_ADC pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the water temperature signal acquisition module; the IGN+_ON / OFF pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the instrument power-on detection module; the PS1 pin and PS2 pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the vehicle speed processing module; the microprocessor chip The PS3 pin of the chip is connected to the speed signal processing module; the D_IN1 pin, D_IN2 pin, D_IN3 pin, D_IN4 pin, D_IN5 pin, D_IN6 pin and D_INN pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the 1-speed display circuit module, the 2-speed display circuit module, the 3-speed display circuit module, the 4-speed display circuit module, the 5-speed display circuit module, the 6-speed display circuit module and the N-speed display circuit module; the CAN_TX pin, CAN_RX pin and CAN_STBY pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the CAN circuit module; the I2C0_SDA pin, I2C _SCL pin is connected to the clock circuit module; K_IN1 pin, K_IN2 pin, K_IN3 pin and K_IN4 pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the switching power supply module; JLY_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the driving recorder working signal module; FI_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the engine fault signal detection module; OIL_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the oil pressure alarm signal module; PWM pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the LCD backlight power supply module; UART0_RXD pin and UAR0 The _TXD pin is connected to the tire pressure detection module; the ABS_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the ABS fault detection module; the POWOK1 pin and POWOK2 pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the main power circuit module; the LCD_MOSI pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the liquid crystal module interface circuit; the SPI1_MOSI pin, SPI1_MISO pin, SPI1_SCK pin and SPI_CS pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the liquid crystal module interface circuit, and the SWCLK pin and SWDIO pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the program writing module.

[0023] The motorcycle instrumentation system utilizes multiple specialized modules working together to provide the rider with comprehensive, real-time information on the motorcycle's status. Let's examine the dynamics of this system in detail: When the motorcycle is started, the instrument power-on detection module sends a start signal to the microprocessor via the IGN+_ON / OFF pin.

[0024] The microprocessor immediately begins its initialization routine and simultaneously communicates with the main power supply module via the POWOK1 and POWOK2 pins to confirm the stability of the power supply. This process ensures that the entire system begins operation with stable power. After the system boots up, the clock circuit module establishes communication with the microprocessor via the I2C0_SDA and I2C_SCL pins.

[0025] This module is responsible for maintaining the system's real-time clock, ensuring the accuracy of the instrument display time and providing the basis for various timing functions (such as driving time calculation). As the engine starts, the speed signal processing module begins operation. It continuously transmits processed engine speed data to the microprocessor via the PS3 pin. The microprocessor receives this data, performs the necessary calculations and conversions, and then displays the speed information in real time on the instrument panel via the LCD module interface circuit (using the LCD_MOSI, SPI1_MOSI, SPI1_MISO, SPI1_SCK, and SPI_CS pins), allowing the rider to keep track of the engine's operating status. Simultaneously, the vehicle speed signal processing module transmits speed information to the microprocessor via the PS1 and PS2 pins.

[0026] This module may use a Hall effect sensor or other type of speed sensor to detect wheel speed and then convert this raw data into usable speed information. The microprocessor receives this data, performs the necessary calibration and calculations, and then displays the current speed on the instrument panel. Gear position display is a key function of motorcycle instrumentation. The gear display circuit module transmits the current gear position information to the microprocessor via pins D_IN1 through D_IN6 and D_INN. Each pin corresponds to a specific gear (including neutral). The microprocessor determines the current gear position by monitoring the status of these pins and displays the corresponding gear position information on the instrument panel. During driving, the ambient temperature acquisition module continuously reports the ambient temperature to the microprocessor via the AT_AD pin. This information is not only displayed on the instrument panel but may also be used for other functions such as anti-icing warnings.

[0027] Meanwhile, the water temperature signal acquisition module monitors the engine coolant temperature via the TEMP_ADC pin, a crucial parameter for ensuring proper engine operation. If the temperature is abnormal, the microprocessor triggers a warning message to alert the rider. The fuel level signal acquisition module (although not explicitly stated in the pin description) is also continuously operating, reporting the remaining fuel level to the microprocessor via a dedicated ADC pin. This allows the rider to keep abreast of remaining fuel levels and avoid accidental stalls. When the rider activates the light switch, the high beam signal module sends a signal to the microprocessor via the HB_IN pin.

[0028] Upon receiving this signal, the microprocessor immediately illuminates the high-beam indicator on the instrument panel. Similarly, the left and right turn signal modules communicate with the microprocessor via the LT_IN and RT_IN pins, respectively, to control the display of the corresponding turn indicators. The CAN circuit module communicates with other vehicle electronic systems via the CAN_TX, CAN_RX, and CAN_STBY pins. This module enables the instrument panel to display more complex information, such as detailed engine status and electronic suspension settings. CAN bus technology allows high-speed and reliable data exchange between the instrument system and the motorcycle's other electronic control units (ECUs). Safety is the primary consideration when riding a motorcycle.

[0029] The engine fault detection module reports the status of the engine management system to the microprocessor via the FI_IN pin. If a fault is detected, the microprocessor immediately displays a warning message on the instrument cluster. Similarly, the ABS fault detection module monitors the status of the anti-lock braking system via the ABS_IN pin and notifies the rider immediately if a problem occurs.

[0030] The oil pressure alarm module monitors engine oil pressure via the OIL_IN pin. If the oil pressure is too low, a warning is triggered to prevent engine damage due to oil starvation. For high-end motorcycles equipped with a tire pressure monitoring system, the tire pressure monitoring module communicates serially with the microprocessor via the UART0_RXD and UAR0_TXD pins. This module continuously monitors the air pressure in the front and rear tires and immediately alerts the rider via the instrument panel if the pressure is abnormal, significantly improving driving safety. The dashcam operating signal module communicates with the microprocessor via the JLY_IN pin to record driving data. This function not only allows for the collection and analysis of daily riding data but also provides important evidence in the event of an accident. To adapt to varying lighting conditions, the LCD backlight power module automatically or manually adjusts the instrument panel brightness under the control of the microprocessor (via a PWM pin). This ensures clear visibility of instrument information in all lighting conditions. The switching power module manages power for the entire system and communicates with the microprocessor via pins K_IN1 through K_IN4.

[0031] This module ensures that all subsystems receive proper power and properly disconnects non-essential power when the motorcycle is turned off to conserve battery power. For system updates and maintenance, the program write module connects to the microprocessor via the SWCLK and SWDIO pins. This allows technicians to update the instrument system's firmware as needed, adding new features or fixing potential issues. It also allows for functional expansion and modification based on different motorcycle configurations.

[0032] All of these modules work seamlessly together under the coordination of a microprocessor, forming an intelligent and reliable motorcycle information hub. The microprocessor continuously collects data from each module, processes this information, and then presents key information to the rider through the LCD display module.

[0033] For example, when a motorcycle starts and begins moving, the microprocessor almost simultaneously processes information from the rpm signal processing module, the vehicle speed signal processing module, and the gear display circuit module, and updates this data to the display in real time. If the rider suddenly accelerates, the microprocessor quickly senses the increase in rpm, vehicle speed, and possible gear change, and updates the display accordingly. Simultaneously, the microprocessor continuously monitors signals from various safety-related modules in the background.

[0034] If the ABS system malfunctions, tire pressure is abnormal, or there is an engine problem, the microprocessor will immediately give a striking warning on the display and may also trigger an audible alarm to ensure that the rider is aware of these potential safety hazards in a timely manner. This system is designed with full consideration of the special needs of motorcycle use.

[0035] For example, given that motorcycles are often used in bright sunlight, the LCD backlight power module, under microprocessor control, automatically increases screen brightness to ensure clear visibility even in direct sunlight. During nighttime riding, the backlight brightness automatically decreases to avoid glare for the rider. This instrument cluster system also integrates deeply with other motorcycle systems via the CAN bus. For example, it can display the current fuel consumption rate, combining data from the fuel level sensor and vehicle speed sensor. Alternatively, on high-end motorcycles equipped with electronic suspension, the instrument cluster can display and allow the rider to adjust suspension settings.

[0036] like Figure 2The circuit of the LCD backlight power module shown in the figure is connected in the following manner: the PWM pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the first end of the diode 3D3, the second end of the diode 3D3 is connected to the third pin of the LED constant current driver and the first end of the resistor 3R11; the second end of the LED constant current driver, the second end of the resistor 3R11 and the second end of the capacitor 3C6 are connected, and all are grounded for protection; one pin of the LED constant current driver is connected to the first end of the inductor 3L1 and the first end of the voltage-stabilizing diode 3D2, and the second end of the inductor 3L1 is connected to one end of the light-emitting diode The first end of the capacitor 3C5 is connected to the second end of the light emitting diode, the first end of the resistor 3R8, the fourth end of the LED constant current driver, and the first end of the resistor 3R9 are connected to the BL-A pin of the LCD module interface; the first end of the voltage stabilizing diode 3D2 is connected to the first end of the resistor 3R8, the first end of the resistor 3R9, the fifth pin of the LED constant current driver, and the first end of the capacitor 3C6, and is connected to the first end of the capacitor 3C3 and one end of the electrolytic capacitor 3C4, and is also connected to the second end of the PMOS tube 3Q2. The first end of the PMOS tube 3Q2 is connected to the BL-A pin of the LCD module interface. The first terminal of the PMOS transistor 3Q2 is connected to the first end of the resistor 3R3, the first end of the Zener diode 3ZD2, and the third pin of the transistor 3Q1, and is connected to the first end of the resistor 3R1. The third end of the PMOS transistor is connected to the second end of the resistor 3R3, the second end of the Zener diode 3ZD2, and the second pin of the transistor 3Q1, and is connected to the first end of the resistor 3R5. The second end of the resistor 3R5 is connected to the third end of the transistor 3Q3. The second end of the transistor is connected to the second end of the resistor 3R7 and is grounded for protection. The first end of the resistor 3R7 is connected to the second end of the resistor 3R7. One end and the first end of the transistor 3Q3 are connected to the first end of the resistor 3R6, and the second end of the resistor 3R6 is connected to the microprocessor control chip; the first end of the transistor 3Q1 is connected to the first end of the resistor 3R2, the second end of the resistor 3R2 is connected to the second end of the resistor 3R1, and the first end of the Zener diode 3ZD1; the second end of the Zener diode 3ZD1 is connected to the second end of the capacitor 3C2 and the second end of the capacitor 3C1, and all are grounded for protection, and the first end of the Zener diode 3ZD1, the first end of the capacitor 3C2, and the first end of the capacitor 3C1 are connected to the first end of the diode 3D1.

[0037] In modern electronic products, the design of the backlight control circuit not only impacts the user experience but also directly influences the overall performance and reliability of the product. This is particularly true for liquid crystal display (LCD) applications, where the design of the backlight power supply circuit module is particularly crucial. In this regard, using a microprocessor chip's PWM output to control the LED constant current driver offers significant advantages in high-efficiency control. This approach allows designers to precisely adjust the backlight brightness, optimize energy efficiency, and thus reduce device power consumption. This is particularly important for portable devices, where extending battery life is a top priority for users. Furthermore, the stability of the backlight power supply circuit is a key design factor. By incorporating multi-stage filtering circuits (such as capacitors 3C5 and 3C6) and voltage stabilization circuits (such as Zener diodes 3D2, 3ZD1, and 3ZD2), designers can effectively ensure output voltage stability. This design not only reduces the impact of voltage ripple and noise on the display but also ensures reliable operation of the entire system. In practical applications, display brightness variations may be affected by power supply fluctuations. A stable output voltage ensures consistent display quality and enhances the user's visual experience.

[0038] Overvoltage protection is another key design consideration. A protection circuit constructed using Zener diodes and PMOS transistors effectively prevents overvoltage damage to LEDs and other components. In certain operating environments, transient overvoltage in the power supply can cause serious damage to circuits. This protection significantly improves circuit durability and safety, reducing the risk of failure caused by overvoltage. The introduction of constant current drive technology is also a highlight of this design. Using a constant current LED driver ensures consistent LED brightness under varying operating conditions. This not only enhances the visual aesthetics of the LCD display but also extends the life of the LEDs.

[0039] Since the luminous intensity of an LED is closely related to the current flowing through it, adopting a constant current drive effectively avoids uneven brightness and accelerated LED aging caused by current fluctuations. For consumers, this means a longer lifespan and lower maintenance costs. The design of the temperature compensation circuit is also crucial. Using transistor 3Q1 and the associated resistor network for temperature compensation improves circuit stability under varying temperature conditions. In practical applications, temperature fluctuations can significantly affect circuit performance, especially in high or low temperature environments. This compensation mechanism ensures that the circuit maintains optimal performance in varying environments, thereby improving product adaptability. Flexible control also allows for a wider range of applications for this backlight power supply circuit.

[0040] Through microprocessor control, designers can implement a variety of backlight adjustment modes, such as gradient and flashing effects. This flexibility not only enhances the user's interactive experience, but also allows for adjustment based on different usage scenarios, such as providing soft backlighting in low-light environments or boosting backlight brightness to maintain readability in bright environments.

[0041] In terms of EMI suppression, the design using the inductor coil 3L1 and multiple filter capacitors effectively reduces the impact of electromagnetic interference (EMI). In electronic devices, EMI not only affects the normal operation of the device but can also interfere with other adjacent devices. Therefore, through a reasonable electromagnetic compatibility design, the backlight power supply circuit can ensure stable operation in complex electromagnetic environments, further improving device reliability.

[0042] The feedback regulation mechanism, formed through the PMOS transistor 3Q2 and the transistor 3Q3, forms a feedback loop, enabling real-time adjustment of the output voltage. This design not only improves system response speed but also enhances circuit stability. In practical applications, fast feedback regulation can promptly respond to load changes, ensuring that the output voltage remains within the set range, thereby providing stable backlighting for the display. Low power consumption is also a major advantage of this backlight power supply circuit. Through precise PWM control and efficient switching circuits, overall power consumption is reduced, which is particularly important for portable devices. As electronic products move towards thinner and higher performance, low power consumption has become an essential component of product competitiveness.

[0043] In terms of reliability, the design incorporates multiple protection measures (such as diodes and resistors for current limiting) that significantly improve circuit reliability and lifespan. These safeguards not only prevent circuit damage under abnormal circumstances but also reduce maintenance costs, providing a better user experience. Finally, the design's adaptability is another key advantage. Designers only need to adjust a few parameters to achieve good compatibility with LCD modules of varying specifications. This flexibility enables the backlight power supply circuit module to be widely used in a variety of industrial and consumer electronics products, meeting the needs of diverse markets.

[0044] like Figure 3The vehicle speed signal processing module circuit connection mode shown is as follows: the PS2 pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the first end of the resistor 6R2 and the first end of the capacitor 6C11, the second end of the resistor 6R2 and the second end of the resistor 6R1 and the first end of the capacitor 6C6 are all connected to the first end of the diode 6D2, the first end of the resistor 6R1 is connected to the voltage of 5V, the second end of the capacitor 6C6 and the capacitor 6C11 are connected and grounded; the PS1 pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the first end of the resistor 6R11 and the first end of the capacitor 6C10, the second end of the resistor 6R6 is respectively connected to the 1 pin of the operational amplifier and the second end of the resistor 6R11, and the first end of the resistor 6R6 is connected to the working voltage of 5V, the second end of the capacitor 6C10 is connected to the 4 pin of the operational amplifier and the first end of the resistor 6R10. One end of the resistor 6R10 is connected to the first end of the resistor 6R8 and pin 2 of the operational amplifier, and the second end of the resistor 6R8 is connected to a voltage of 5V; pin 8 of the operational amplifier is connected to the first end of the capacitor 6C5 and is connected to a voltage of 5V, the first end of the capacitor 6C4 is connected to the second end of the capacitor 6C5 and are both grounded, the second end of the capacitor 6C4 and pin 3 of the operational amplifier are connected to the first end of the resistor 6R7, the second end of the resistor 6R7, the second end of the resistor 6R13 and the first end of the capacitor 6C3 are connected to the first end of the diode 6D1, the second end of the capacitor 6C3 is connected to the second end of the capacitor 6C1 and the second end of the resistor 6R9 and are all grounded, and one end of the capacitor 6C1 is connected to the first end of the resistor 6R9 and the second end of the diode 6D1.

[0045] In the circuit design, the connection between the microprocessor chip's PS2 pin, resistor 6R2, and capacitor 6C11 creates a stable signal input path. The configuration of resistor 6R2 effectively controls the input signal's current, preventing excessive current from damaging subsequent circuitry. Furthermore, capacitor 6C11 filters out high-frequency noise, ensuring a clear and stable vehicle speed signal received by the microprocessor. This filtering design is crucial for improving signal accuracy. During driving, the vehicle speed sensor may be subject to various electromagnetic interference and noise, resulting in signal distortion. Therefore, this design allows the system to better cope with external interference, ensuring the reliability of the vehicle speed signal and providing a stable data foundation for subsequent processing. Secondly, the use of an operational amplifier is crucial in this circuit. The connection between resistor 6R6 and the operational amplifier enhances signal sensitivity. The operational amplifier amplifies weak vehicle speed signals, making them suitable for subsequent digital processing. This design is particularly suitable for applications requiring high precision, ensuring that the system can detect even subtle speed changes. In modern vehicles, accurate vehicle speed information not only impacts driving safety but also the effectiveness of dynamic control systems (such as anti-lock braking systems and electronic stability control systems). Therefore, the introduction of an operational amplifier provides crucial support for vehicle speed signal processing, improving overall system performance. The circuit design also demonstrates excellent power management. The configuration of resistors 6R1 and 6R8 and capacitors 6C6 and 6C10 ensures stable operation of all circuit components at 5V.

[0046] This design effectively reduces performance issues caused by power supply fluctuations. While the vehicle is in motion, the power supply voltage may fluctuate due to factors such as engine operating conditions and changes in electrical load. Therefore, the use of voltage-stabilizing components and a rational power distribution design ensures stable circuit operation under varying power supply conditions, improving overall circuit reliability and further enhancing the accuracy and real-time nature of vehicle speed information. Furthermore, the use of diodes 6D1 and 6D2 in the circuit enhances the circuit's anti-interference capabilities. The configuration of these two diodes effectively suppresses external interference signals, preventing erroneous effects on the vehicle speed signal. Electromagnetic interference is a common problem in automotive electronic systems, especially in high-noise environments (such as near the engine or during high-speed driving). By rationally placing and selecting diodes, designers can ensure signal stability during transmission, reduce the impact of external interference on system performance, and thus improve vehicle safety.

[0047] In the signal processing module, the configuration of capacitors 6C5 and 6C4 also plays an important role. The connection of capacitors not only provides the necessary filtering function, but also plays a role of coupling and isolation in the circuit. Through this design, the circuit can effectively eliminate the DC bias in the signal, further improving the sensitivity and accuracy of the signal. This efficient signal processing capability is particularly important for achieving accurate vehicle speed feedback, which can help the driver better control the vehicle status. In addition, the advantages of modular design are also reflected in this circuit. Through clear circuit connection methods, it is not only easy to debug and maintain, but also facilitates subsequent system integration. Modern vehicles often need to integrate multiple electronic modules to achieve more advanced functions (such as autonomous driving, intelligent navigation, etc.). This modular design enables the circuit to flexibly adapt to different application requirements, reduces the complexity of subsequent maintenance and replacement of components, and thus reduces the overall maintenance cost.

[0048] Finally, response speed is also a key consideration in circuit design. Through appropriate circuit configuration, signal processing latency is minimized. In practical applications, this means the vehicle can quickly respond to driver inputs and provide timely speed feedback. This high response speed is particularly important in emergency situations and can effectively improve driving safety.

[0049] Especially when driving at high speeds or in situations where rapid speed changes are required, timely signal processing can ensure vehicle stability and controllability and prevent potential dangers caused by signal delays.

[0050] like Figure 4 The high beam signal module circuit shown in the figure has the following circuit connection method: the HB_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the first end of the resistor 5R19; the second end of the 5R19 is connected to the 2 pin of the transistor 5Q1 and the first end of the resistor 5R18; the 3 pin of the transistor 5Q1 is connected to the 5V voltage; the 1 pin of the transistor 5Q1 is connected to the first end of the resistor 5R17; the second end of the resistor 5R17 is connected to the second end of the resistor 5R17 and the 3 pin of the voltage regulator chip T1; the first end of the resistor 5R16 is connected to the 5V working voltage; the 2 pin of the voltage regulator chip T1, the second pin of the capacitor 5C4, the second pin of the resistor 5R15, and the second end of the resistor 5R13 are connected and grounded; the 1 pin of the voltage regulator chip T1, the first end of the capacitor 5C4, the first end of the resistor 5R15 and the first end of the resistor 5R14 are connected; the first end of the resistor 5R14 and the first end of the resistor 5R13 are connected to the high beam device. When the high beam is turned on, the voltage divider network formed by resistors 5R14 and 5R13 reduces the high beam high level signal to a safe voltage level.

[0051] This reduced voltage signal is then fed into the input (pin 1) of voltage regulator chip T1. Capacitor 5C4 acts as a filter, eliminating potential voltage fluctuations and ensuring signal stability. Voltage regulator chip T1 is the core component of this circuit, converting the input analog signal into a stable logic level. T1's output (pin 3) is connected to the base of transistor 5Q1. When the high beam is on, T1 outputs a high level, turning transistor 5Q1 on. Transistor 5Q1 performs both level conversion and signal amplification.

[0052] When 5Q1 turns on, its collector voltage (pin 2) decreases, approaching ground. This low-level signal is ultimately transmitted to the microprocessor's HB_IN pin via resistor 5R19. Resistors 5R16 and 5R17 form a pull-up circuit, ensuring that the base of transistor 5Q1 remains stable at a low level when the high beams are off, preventing false triggering. This pull-up circuit also provides the necessary bias current for the transistor. Resistor 5R18 provides current limiting protection, preventing excessive current from flowing into the microprocessor's input pin.

[0053] The present utility model has explained its purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects in depth through specific embodiments, but these embodiments are only used as examples to demonstrate the application of the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. We explicitly point out that any reasonable modification, equivalent replacement or technical improvement under the guidance of the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present utility model. This means that as long as these changes do not deviate from the core idea and basic function of the invention, they should be protected by patent rights. The scope of protection of the present invention should be broad, including all direct and obvious variants and non-obvious innovations that technical experts can reasonably deduce based on the disclosure of the present invention. This broad protection is intended to promote further research and development based on the present invention, while ensuring that its innovation and practicality are fully legally protected.

Claims

1. A motorcycle instrument based on a microprocessor chip, characterized in that: The motorcycle instrument includes a microprocessor chip and several circuit modules and a Bluetooth circuit module. The HB_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the high beam module; the D_IN series pins of the microprocessor chip are connected to the gear display circuit module; the PWM pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the backlight power supply circuit module of the broken code screen; the SPI1 series pins of the microprocessor chip are connected to the liquid crystal module interface circuit module, the PS series pins of the microprocessor chip are connected to the vehicle speed signal processing module and the rotation speed signal processing module, and the signal acquisition module and the signal detection module are connected to the microprocessor chip and the turn signal module.

2. A motorcycle instrument based on a microprocessor chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit connection method of the vehicle speed signal processing module is as follows: the PS2 pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the resistor 6R2 and the capacitor 6C11, and the other ends of these components are connected to the diode 6D2. At the same time, one end of the resistor 6R1 and the capacitor 6C6 are also connected to the diode 6D2, and the other end of the resistor 6R1 is connected to the 5V power supply. The other ends of all capacitors are grounded. The PS1 pin is connected to the resistor 6R11 and the capacitor 6C10. The resistor 6R6 is connected to the operational amplifier and the resistor 6R11. The resistor 6R6 and the 4 pins of the operational amplifier are grounded. The resistor 6R10 is connected to the resistor 6R8 and the operational amplifier. The resistor 6R8 is connected to the 5V power supply. The 8 pin of the operational amplifier is connected to the capacitor 6C5. The capacitor 6C4 is connected to the operational amplifier and the resistor 6R7. The other ends of all these components are grounded. The resistor 6R7, the resistor 6R13 and the capacitor 6C3 are connected to the diode 6D1. The other ends of the capacitor 6C3, the capacitor 6C1 and the resistor 6R9 are grounded. The capacitor 6C1 and the resistor 6R9 are connected to the other end of the diode 6D1.

3. The motorcycle instrument based on a microprocessor chip according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PWM pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the diode 3D3, and the other end of the diode is connected to the LED constant current driver and the resistor 3R11. The other ends of the LED constant current driver, the resistor 3R11 and the capacitor 3C6 are all grounded. The other pin of the LED constant current driver is connected to the inductor 3L1 and the voltage regulator diode 3D2. The other end of the inductor is connected to the light-emitting diode and the capacitor 3C5. The other end of the capacitor and the other end of the light-emitting diode are connected to the BL-A pin of the LCD module interface. The voltage regulator diode 3D2 and the resistors 3R8 and 3R9 and the LED constant current driver are grounded. The other pin is connected to capacitors 3C6, 3C3, and electrolytic capacitor 3C4, and then to PMOS transistor 3Q2. The other end of PMOS transistor 3Q2 is connected to resistor 3R4. The third end is connected to resistor 3R3, Zener diode 3ZD2, and transistor 3Q1. The other end of transistor 3Q1 is connected to resistor 3R2. The other end of resistor 3R2 is connected to resistor 3R1 and Zener diode 3ZD1. The other end of Zener diode 3ZD1 is connected to capacitors 3C2 and 3C1. The other ends of all these components are grounded. The other end of Zener diode 3ZD1 is also connected to diode 3D1.

4. A motorcycle instrument based on a microprocessor chip according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The turn signal module further includes a left turn signal module and a right turn signal processing module.

5. A motorcycle instrument based on a microprocessor chip according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The signal acquisition module includes an ambient temperature acquisition module, an oil level acquisition module, and a water temperature acquisition module; the signal detection module includes an instrument startup detection module, an engine fault signal detection module, an ABS fault detection module, and a tire pressure detection module.

6. The motorcycle instrument based on a microprocessor chip according to claim 4, characterized in that: The RT_IN pin and the LT_IN pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the right turn signal module and the left turn signal module respectively.

7. The motorcycle instrument based on a microprocessor chip according to claim 5, characterized in that: The FUEL_ADC pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the fuel quantity signal acquisition module; the TEMP_ADC pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the water temperature signal acquisition module; the IGN+_ON / OFF pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the instrument power-on detection module; the FI_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the engine fault signal detection module; the ABS_IN pin of the microprocessor chip is connected to the ABS fault detection module; the UART0_RXD pin and UART0_TXD pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the tire pressure detection module.

8. A motorcycle instrument based on a microprocessor chip according to claim 1, 2, 3, 6 or 7, characterized in that: The CAN_TX pin, the CAN_RX pin and the CAN_STBY pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the CAN circuit module.

9. A motorcycle instrument based on a microprocessor chip according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 6 or 7, characterized in that The D_IN1 to D_IN6 and D_INN pins of the microprocessor chip are respectively connected to the 1 to 6 gear display circuit modules and the N gear display circuit module.

10. A motorcycle instrument based on a microprocessor chip according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 6 or 7, characterized in that: The microprocessor chip is also connected to a clock circuit module, and the I2C0_SDA pin and the I2C0_SCL pin of the microprocessor chip are connected to the clock circuit module.

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