Display panel
By designing a lens structure in the display panel where the length is greater than the width, the light distribution is optimized, the problem of dark corners of the display screen is solved, and the display effect is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422641874.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-10-30
AI Technical Summary
After the anti-peep mode is turned on on the co-pilot screen, the four corners of the screen become dark, affecting the viewing experience.
A display panel design is adopted with a correspondingly arranged first light-emitting unit and a first lens structure. The length of the lens structure is greater than the width, and its surface shape is defined by a specific formula to optimize light distribution and improve the darkening problem in the four corners.
By optimizing the design of the lens structure, the darkening phenomenon in the four corners of the display screen is improved, thereby enhancing the display effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN223310227U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a display panel. Background Art
[0002] In related technologies, when the anti-peep mode is turned on for the co-pilot screen, although the screen cannot be seen from the main driver's perspective, thus achieving the anti-peep effect, the four corners of the screen will appear dark when viewed from the co-pilot's perspective.
[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and provide a display panel that can improve the phenomenon of dark corners of the display screen.
[0005] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a display panel is provided, comprising a plurality of first light-emitting units; the first light-emitting units comprising correspondingly arranged first light-emitting elements and first lens structures;
[0006] The display panel comprises a base substrate and a pixel layer, an encapsulation layer, and a light control layer sequentially stacked and distributed on the base substrate, the pixel layer comprises the first light-emitting element, and the light control layer comprises the first lens structure;
[0007] The length of the first lens structure is greater than the width of the first lens structure; the light emitted by the first light-emitting element is emitted through the first lens structure.
[0008] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the surface of the first lens structure satisfies the following formula:
[0009] z=a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4
[0010] Among them, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first lens structure in the first direction, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first lens structure in the second direction, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer and a point on the surface of the first lens structure.
[0011] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a1=0.1; a2=0.000105; b1=0.012; b2=0.0012; c1=0; and c2=0.000000535.
[0012] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a1=0.015; a2=0.00165; b1=0.18; b2=0.0012; c1=0.000112; and c2=0.
[0013] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the first lens structure includes a first sub-lens structure and a second sub-lens structure; the second sub-lens structure is located on a side of the first sub-lens structure away from the base substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure on the base substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure on the base substrate.
[0014] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the distances between the edge of the second sub-lens structure and the edge of the first sub-lens structure are equal.
[0015] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the surface of the first sub-lens structure satisfies the following formula:
[0016] z=a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4
[0017] Wherein, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure in the first direction, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure in the second direction, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure;
[0018] The surface of the second sub-lens structure satisfies the following formula:
[0019] z=a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4
[0020] Among them, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure in the first direction, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure in the second direction, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure.
[0021] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, in the first sub-lens structure, a1=0.0072; a2=0.0008321; b1=0.0872; b2=0.00072; c1=0; c2=-0.00001015;
[0022] In the second sub-lens structure, a1=0.015; a2=0.00165; b1=0.18; b2=0.0012; c1=0.000112; and c2=0.
[0023] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the display panel further comprises a black matrix;
[0024] The black matrix is located on a side of the first lens structure away from the encapsulation layer; or, the black matrix is located between the encapsulation layer and the first lens structure.
[0025] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the display panel further includes a plurality of second light emitting units;
[0026] The viewing angle of the second light emitting unit in the row direction is greater than the viewing angle of the first light emitting unit in the row direction.
[0027] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] The accompanying drawings are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.
[0029] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0030] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0031] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0032] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0033] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0034] Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0035] Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0036] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0037] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0038] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0039] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram of the light direction of the first lens structure in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0040] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0041] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0042] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0043] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0044] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the light direction of the first lens structure in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0045] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0046] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0047] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0048] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0049] Figure 21 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lens in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0050] Figure 22 Schematic diagram of light direction of the first lens structure in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0051] Figure 23 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of light emission display of a display panel in the related art.
[0052] Figure 24 FIG1 is a schematic diagram of light emission display of a display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0053] Figure 25 FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0054] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals in the figures represent identical or similar structures, and thus their detailed descriptions will be omitted. Furthermore, the figures are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
[0055] Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this specification to describe the relationship of one illustrated component to another, these terms are used herein for convenience only, such as in accordance with the orientation of the illustrations in the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that if the illustrated device were flipped upside down, the component described as "upper" would become the component "lower." When a structure is referred to as "on" another structure, this may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via the other structure.
[0056] The terms "a", "an", "the", and "said" are used to indicate the presence of one element / component / etc.; the terms "including" and "having" are used to express open-ended inclusion and mean that additional elements / components / etc. may exist in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only as labels and do not limit the quantity of their objects.
[0057] Structural layer A is located on the side of structural layer B facing away from substrate BP. This means that structural layer A is formed on the side of structural layer B facing away from substrate BP. When structural layer B is a patterned structure, part of structural layer A may be located at the same physical height as structural layer B or lower than the physical height of structural layer B, with substrate BP serving as a height reference.
[0058] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a display panel PNL is provided. In this example, the display panel PNL can be any product or component with a display function, such as an OLED display panel PNL, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display panel PNL, a tablet computer, a flexible display device, a television, an in-vehicle display screen, or a monitor. In this example, the display panel PNL is used for an in-vehicle display screen.
[0059] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the display panel PNL includes a first light-emitting unit and a second light-emitting unit, wherein the first light-emitting unit is configured to emit light in anti-peeping mode and the second light-emitting unit is configured to emit light in sharing mode. It is understood that the viewing angle of the second light-emitting unit in the row direction is greater than the viewing angle of the first light-emitting unit in the row direction. The row direction refers to the length of the vehicle display screen.
[0060] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 1 The display panel PNL includes a display area AA and a non-display area BB located on at least one side of the display area AA. In the display area AA, the display panel PNL is provided with an array of display units UU. The display units UU include sub-pixels PIX and pixel drive circuits PDC that drive the sub-pixels PIX. The display panel PNL does not have display units UU in the non-display area BB, or the display units UU that are provided are not used to display images.
[0061] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 1 The display panel PNL is provided with a plurality of scan lines GL extending along the row direction DH in the display area AA. Each scan line GL is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each display unit row. The pixel driver circuit PDC of each display unit UU in the display unit row is electrically connected to the corresponding scan line GL. The scan line GL is used to apply a scan signal to the pixel driver circuit PDC. The display panel PNL is also provided with a plurality of data lines DL extending along the column direction DV in the display area AA. Each data line DL is provided in a one-to-one correspondence with each display unit column. The pixel driver circuit PDC of each display unit UU in the display unit column is electrically connected to the corresponding data line DL. The data line DL is used to apply a data voltage to the pixel driver circuit PDC. In this way, the pixel driver circuit PDC of each display unit UU is connected to one scan line GL and one data line DL. When a scan signal is applied to the scan line GL, the voltage applied to the data line DL can be written into the pixel driver circuit PDC, thereby enabling the pixel driver circuit PDC to control the brightness of the sub-pixel PIX based on the written voltage.
[0062] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 2 The sub-pixels in the display panel PNL are thin-film self-luminous light-emitting elements LD, such as OLEDs. Furthermore, the light-emitting elements LD located in the display area AA include light-emitting elements LD of multiple different colors. For example, the light-emitting elements LD may include a red light-emitting element LD for emitting red light, a blue light-emitting element LD for emitting blue light, and a green light-emitting element LD for emitting green light.
[0063] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 The display panel PNL may include a driving backplane DBP and a pixel layer PIXL stacked in sequence. The driving backplane DBP includes a stacked base substrate BP and a driving layer DRL disposed on one side of the base substrate BP. The pixel layer PIXL may be disposed on a surface of the driving layer DRL away from the base substrate BP. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The pixel layer PIXL is provided with light-emitting elements LD, and the driving backplane DBP is used to drive the light-emitting elements LD in the pixel layer PIXL to emit light. The driving backplane DBP can drive each light-emitting element LD in an active driving manner or a passive driving manner.
[0064] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 2 The driver layer DRL is equipped with a pixel driver circuit PDC for driving the light-emitting elements LD. Each light-emitting element LD is driven by the pixel driver circuit PDC to emit light to display an image. Furthermore, the display panel PNL includes an encapsulation layer TFE located on the side of the pixel layer PIXL away from the driver backplane DBP. The encapsulation layer TFE can encapsulate and protect the pixel layer PIXL.
[0065] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the substrate substrate BP can be a substrate substrate of an inorganic material, or a substrate substrate of an organic material; of course, it can also be a composite substrate formed by stacking a substrate substrate of an inorganic material and a substrate substrate of an organic material. For example, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the material of the substrate substrate BP can be a glass material such as soda-lime glass, quartz glass, sapphire glass, etc. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the material of the substrate substrate BP can be polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethersulfone (PES), polyimide, polyamide, polyacetal, polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate two formic acid glycol ester (PEN) or a combination thereof. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the substrate substrate BP can also be a flexible substrate substrate, for example, the material of the substrate substrate BP can include polyimide. The substrate BP can also be a composite of multiple layers of materials. For example, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the substrate BP can include a bottom film layer (Bottom Film), a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, a first polyimide layer and a second polyimide layer stacked in sequence.
[0066] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 2 The pixel driving circuit PDC is provided on the driving layer DRL, and the driving layer DRL may include an array of pixel driving circuits PDC. The pixel driving circuits PDC are used to drive corresponding sub-pixels PIX so that the display panel displays an image. The pixel layer PIXL may be provided with light-emitting elements LD electrically connected to the pixel driving circuits PDC. The light-emitting elements LD may serve as sub-pixels PIX. In this way, the pixel layer PIXL is provided with light-emitting elements LD distributed in an array, and each light-emitting element LD emits light under the control of a corresponding pixel driving circuit PDC.
[0067] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, in the driving layer DRL, any pixel driving circuit PDC may include a thin film transistor and a storage capacitor. The pixel driving circuit PDC may be a 7T1C, 8T1C or other structure, as long as it can drive the light-emitting element LD to emit light, and its structure is not specifically limited here, wherein nTmC means that a pixel driving circuit PDC includes n thin film transistors (represented by the letter "T") and m capacitors (represented by the letter "C"). The number of pixel driving circuits PDC may be the same as the number of light-emitting elements LD, and is connected to each light-emitting element LD in a one-to-one correspondence. Of course, the same pixel driving circuit PDC may also be connected to multiple light-emitting elements LD, and is not specifically limited here.
[0068] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, any pixel driving circuit PDC may include a thin film transistor and a storage capacitor. In one example, each thin film transistor may include an active layer and a gate arranged in an overlapping manner, and the active layer of each thin film transistor is arranged in the same semiconductor layer; or, it may be arranged in multiple semiconductor layers, and the active layers of different thin film transistors may be distributed in different semiconductor layers. The thin film transistor may be a top-gate thin film transistor, a bottom-gate thin film transistor or a dual-gate thin film transistor; the material of the active layer of the thin film transistor may be an amorphous silicon semiconductor material, a low-temperature polycrystalline silicon semiconductor material, a metal oxide semiconductor material, an organic semiconductor material or other types of semiconductor materials; the thin film transistor may be an N-type thin film transistor or a P-type thin film transistor; the present disclosure does not limit the specific type of thin film transistor.
[0069] It is understandable that, among the transistors in the pixel driving circuit PDC, the types of any two transistors may be the same or different. For example, in some embodiments, in a pixel driving circuit PDC, some transistors may be N-type transistors and some transistors may be P-type transistors. Again for example, in other embodiments, in a pixel driving circuit PDC, the material of the active layer of some transistors may be a low-temperature polysilicon semiconductor material, and the material of the active layer of some transistors may be a metal oxide semiconductor material. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the thin film transistors are low-temperature polysilicon transistors. In some other embodiments of the present disclosure, some thin film transistors are low-temperature polysilicon transistors, and some thin film transistors are metal oxide transistors.
[0070] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the driving layer DRL may include a semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer, a gate layer, an interlayer dielectric layer, a source-drain metal layer, and a planarization layer stacked between the substrate BP and the pixel layer PIXL. Among them, each thin film transistor and storage capacitor can be formed by film layers such as a semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer, a gate layer, an interlayer dielectric layer, a source-drain metal layer, and a planarization layer. Among them, the positional relationship of each film layer can be determined according to the film layer structure of the thin film transistor. For example, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the driving layer DRL may include a semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer, a gate layer, an interlayer dielectric layer, a source-drain metal layer, and a planarization layer stacked in sequence, and the thin film transistor formed in this way is a top-gate thin film transistor. For another example, in another embodiment of the present disclosure, the driving layer DRL may include a gate layer, a gate insulating layer, a semiconductor layer, an interlayer dielectric layer, and a source-drain metal layer stacked in sequence, and the thin film transistor formed in this way is a bottom-gate thin film transistor. The drive layer DRL may also adopt a double-layer gate structure, that is, the gate layer may include a first gate layer and a second gate layer, and the gate insulation layer may include a first gate insulation layer for isolating the semiconductor layer and the first gate layer, and a second gate insulation layer for isolating the first gate layer and the second gate layer. For example, in one example, the drive layer DRL may include a semiconductor layer, a first gate insulation layer, a first gate layer, a second gate insulation layer, a second gate layer, an interlayer dielectric layer, a source / drain metal layer, and a planarization layer, which are sequentially stacked on one side of the substrate BP.
[0071] In one example, see Figure 3 , the driving layer DRL may include a semiconductor layer SCL, a gate insulating layer GI, a gate layer GT, an interlayer dielectric layer ILD, a source / drain metal layer SD, a planarization layer PLN, etc. stacked between the substrate BP and the pixel layer PIXL. Each thin film transistor and storage capacitor may be formed by film layers such as the semiconductor layer SCL, the gate insulating layer GI, the gate layer GT, the interlayer dielectric layer ILD, the source / drain metal layer SD, etc. Among them, the positional relationship of each film layer can be determined according to the film layer structure of the thin film transistor. Of course, in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the driving layer DRL may also include other film layers as needed, for example, it may also include a light shielding layer, an inorganic buffer layer BUF, etc. located between the semiconductor layer SCL and the substrate BP. As needed, any of the above-mentioned semiconductor layers SCL, gate layers GT, source / drain metal layers SD and other film layers can also be multi-layered. For example, the driving layer DRL can include two different semiconductor layers SCL, or two or three source / drain metal layers SD, or two or three gate layers GT; accordingly, the insulating film layers in the driving layer DRL (such as the gate insulating layer GI, the interlayer dielectric layer ILD, the planarization layer PLN, etc.) can be adaptively increased or decreased, or new insulating film layers can be added as needed.
[0072] As an example, see Figure 3 The driving layer DRL may include an inorganic buffer layer BUF, a semiconductor layer SCL, a gate insulating layer GI, a gate layer GT, an interlayer dielectric layer ILD, a source / drain metal layer SD, and a planarization layer PLN, which are sequentially stacked on the substrate BP. The thin film transistor formed in this way is a top-gate thin film transistor.
[0073] It is understood that the above example of the driving backplane DBP is only one possible way of driving the backplane DBP in the embodiment of the present disclosure. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the driving backplane DBP can also have other structures, for example, the driving backplane DBP can also be a passive driving glass substrate, a silicon-based driving substrate, etc.
[0074] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, see Figure 3 The light emitting element LD in the pixel layer PIXL is a thin film light emitting element LD, which may include two stacked electrodes and a light emitting functional unit EFU sandwiched between the two electrodes. Figure 4 The pixel layer PIXL may include a pixel electrode layer PEL, a light-emitting functional layer EFL, and a common electrode layer COML, which are stacked in sequence. The pixel electrode layer PEL includes multiple pixel electrodes PE in the display area AA of the display panel PNL. The portion of the light-emitting functional layer EFL connected to the pixel electrodes PE serves as a light-emitting functional unit EFU of the light-emitting element LD. The common electrode layer COML serves as a common electrode electrically connected to the light-emitting functional unit EFU of each light-emitting element LD.
[0075] Furthermore, the pixel layer PIXL may further include a pixel definition layer PDL located between the pixel electrode layer PEL and the light-emitting functional layer EFL. The pixel definition layer PDL and the light-emitting element LD may be provided on the same surface of the drive layer DRL. For example, the pixel definition layer PDL and the pixel electrode PE may be provided on a surface of the planarization layer PLN away from the base substrate BP. At the same time, the thickness of the pixel definition layer PDL is greater than the thickness of the pixel electrode PE and covers a portion of each pixel electrode PE. The pixel definition layer PDL has a pixel opening that exposes each pixel electrode PE. The light-emitting functional layer EL and the common electrode layer COML are stacked sequentially on the pixel electrode PE within the pixel opening.
[0076] It can be understood that the pixel definition layer PDL has a plurality of through pixel openings arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pixel electrodes PE, and any pixel opening exposes at least a portion of the corresponding pixel electrode PE. For example, the pixel definition layer PDL covers the edge of the pixel electrode PE and exposes at least a portion of the internal area of the pixel electrode PE, so that the pixel definition layer PDL can effectively define the actual effective area of the pixel electrode PE (the area directly connected to the light-emitting function unit EFU), and thus define the light-emitting region and light-emitting area of the light-emitting element LD. Specifically, the range of the pixel opening is the range of the light-emitting element LD, that is, the shape and size of the orthographic projection of the pixel opening on the display function layer are the shape and size of the orthographic projection of the light-emitting element LD on the display function layer, and the center of the pixel opening is the center of the light-emitting element LD. At the same time, the shape of the pixel opening is the shape of its orthographic projection on the display function layer, which can be a polygon such as a rectangle, or a circle, etc. The definition of the shape and size of the light-emitting element LD in this article is based on the shape and size of the pixel opening. For example, the size of the light-emitting element LD is the size of its pixel opening.
[0077] The light-emitting functional layer EFL at least covers the pixel electrode PE exposed by the pixel definition layer PDL. The common electrode layer COML may cover the light-emitting functional layer EFL in the display area AA. The pixel electrode PE and the common electrode layer COML provide carriers such as electrons and holes to the light-emitting functional layer EFL, so that the light-emitting functional layer EFL emits light. The portion of the light-emitting functional layer EFL located between the pixel electrode PE and the common electrode layer COML may serve as a light-emitting functional unit EFU. The pixel electrode PE, the common electrode layer COML, and the light-emitting functional unit EFU form a light-emitting element LD. Among them, one of the pixel electrode PE and the common electrode layer COML serves as the anode AE of the light-emitting element LD, and the other serves as the cathode CE of the light-emitting element LD. In one example, the pixel electrode PE serves as the anode AE of the light-emitting element LD, and the common electrode layer COML serves as the cathode CE of the light-emitting element LD.
[0078] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the types of the first light-emitting elements LD are different, and the materials and film layers of the light-emitting functional units EFU are different.
[0079] It is understandable that the display function layer may also be other types of display panels PNL, for example, a QLED display panel PNL, a QD-OLED display panel PNL or other types of display panels PNL.
[0080] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 2 and Figure 3, the display panel PNL also has an encapsulation layer TFE, which can be provided on the surface of the pixel layer PIXL away from the substrate BP, and may include inorganic encapsulation layers and organic encapsulation layers alternately stacked. The inorganic encapsulation layer can effectively block external moisture and oxygen, and prevent water and oxygen from invading the pixel layer PIXL and causing aging of the material in the pixel layer PIXL. Optionally, the edge of the inorganic encapsulation layer may be located in the peripheral area. The organic encapsulation layer is located between two adjacent inorganic encapsulation layers to achieve flattening and reduce the stress between the inorganic encapsulation layers. Among them, the edge of the organic encapsulation layer may be located between the edge of the display area and the edge of the inorganic encapsulation layer. Exemplarily, the encapsulation layer TFE includes a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer sequentially stacked on the side of the pixel layer PIXL away from the substrate BP.
[0081] Of course, in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the display panel PNL may not be provided with the encapsulation layer TFE, but may adopt other methods to encapsulate and protect the pixel layer PIXL.
[0082] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 7 , the display panel PNL may further include an optical control layer OCL, which is arranged on the side of the encapsulation layer TFE away from the substrate BP. The optical control layer OCL includes a plurality of first lens structures MLA, a plurality of second lens structures, and a spacing structure MLB that blocks the first lens structure MLA and the second lens structure, and the spacing structure MLB covers the first lens structure MLA and the second lens structure. In other words, a plurality of first lens structures MLA and a plurality of second lens structures are arranged in the spacing structure MLB, and there are gaps between the plurality of first lens structures MLA, and there are gaps between the plurality of second lens structures, and the orthographic projection of the first lens structure MLA on the substrate BP does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the second lens structure on the substrate BP. The multiple first lens structures MLA correspond one-to-one with the multiple light-emitting elements LD, and the multiple second lens structures correspond one-to-one with the remaining light-emitting elements LD. In this example, the light-emitting element LD corresponding to the first lens structure MLA is defined as the first light-emitting element LD1, and the light-emitting element LD corresponding to the second lens structure is defined as the second light-emitting element. The first light-emitting element LD1 and the first lens structure MLA constitute a first light-emitting unit, and the second light-emitting element and the second lens structure constitute a second light-emitting unit. In this example, the refractive index of the spacer structure MLB is less than the refractive index of the first lens structure MLA and the second lens structure (the second lens structure is not shown in the figure).
[0083] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the spacer structure MLB may be a planarization layer for achieving planarization.
[0084] In the related art, the cross section of the first lens structure along the direction parallel to the substrate is circular, so that in the anti-peeping mode, see Figure 23 , there will be a darkening phenomenon at the four corners of the display panel, affecting viewing.
[0085] To solve the above problems, see Figure 8-Figure 22 The present disclosure provides a first lens structure MLA, wherein the length of the first lens structure MLA is greater than the width, and the center of the first lens structure MLA coincides with the center of the first light emitting element LD1. Figure 9 , length refers to the dimension in the first direction F1, and width refers to the dimension in the second direction F2. Under this structure, the lengths of the first lens structure MLA from the center to the four edges are not equal, so that the attenuation of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 on the first lens structure MLA is different (the attenuation rate of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 at the four corners of the first lens structure MLA is less than the attenuation rate of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 in other surrounding areas of the first lens structure MLA). In this way, the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 can enter the human eye after passing through the four corners of the first lens structure MLA, thereby improving the phenomenon of darkening at the four corners. In other words, the first lens structure MLA in the present disclosure is a four-corner asymmetric structure, so the brightness of the light decays slowly in the four corners of the first lens structure MLA, and the emitted light can enter the human eye, thereby improving the phenomenon of darkening at the four corners.
[0086] In the first embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figure 4-Figure 16 , the first lens structure MLA is a single-layer structure.
[0087] In the present disclosure, the surface of the first lens structure MLA satisfies the following formula:
[0088] z=a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4
[0089] Among them, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and a point on the surface of the first lens structure MLA in the first direction F1, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and a point on the surface of the first lens structure MLA in the second direction F2, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer TFE and a point on the surface of the first lens structure MLA.
[0090] In one example of the present disclosure, a1=0.1; a2=0.000105; b1=0.012; b2=0.0012; c1=0; c2=0.000000535. Thus, the first lens structure MLA surface shape is formed as follows: Figure 8-11 As shown in Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first lens structure MLA, Figure 9 is a top view of the first lens structure MLA, Figure 10 a is the right side view of the first lens structure MLA, Figure 10 b is a main view of the first lens structure MLA, Figure 11 a is the right view of the first lens structure MLA Figure 1 Schematic diagram of side light changes, Figure 11 b is the main view of the first lens structure MLA Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the change of side light. Under this surface shape, the length of the first lens structure MLA is greater than the width, and the orthographic projection area of the first lens structure MLA on the substrate BP gradually decreases as it moves away from the substrate BP. Figure 11Light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 converges after passing through the first lens structure MLA. In this example, the surface of the first lens structure MLA near the substrate BP is larger than the light emission range of the first light-emitting element LD1 on the surface of the first lens structure MLA near the substrate BP (the surface of the first lens structure MLA near the substrate BP intersects with the extension line of the inner wall of the pixel opening, and light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 is emitted through the first lens structure MLA). The first lens structure MLA has arc-shaped notches on both sides, and the distance from the center of the first lens structure MLA to the four corners is greater than the distance from the center of the first lens structure MLA to other areas. This ensures that all light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 is modulated by the first lens structure MLA, and also ensures that the attenuation rate of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 at the four corners of the first lens structure MLA is lower than the attenuation rate of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 in the other surrounding areas of the first lens structure MLA. In this way, the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 can enter the human eye after passing through the four corners of the first lens structure MLA, thereby improving the phenomenon of dimming at the four corners.
[0091] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a1=0.015; a2=0.00165; b1=0.18; b2=0.0012; c1=0.000112; c2=0. Thus, the first lens structure MLA surface shape is formed as follows: Figure 12-16 As shown, Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first lens structure MLA, Figure 13 is a bottom view of the first lens structure MLA, Figure 14 is a main view of the first lens structure MLA, Figure 15 is the right view of the first lens structure MLA, Figure 16 a is the light change diagram of the first lens structure MLA at the right view, Figure 16b is a light change diagram of the first lens structure MLA at the main view. Under this surface shape, the first lens structure MLA has a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other, and a curved surface connecting the first surface and the second surface, and the length of the first surface and the second surface are both greater than the width. The first surface is arranged toward the substrate BP, and the second surface is arranged away from the substrate BP. The orthographic projection of the first surface on the substrate BP is located within the orthographic projection of the second surface on the substrate BP, and the orthographic projection of the first surface on the substrate BP is smaller than the orthographic projection of the second surface on the substrate BP. It can be understood that the orthographic projection area of the first lens structure MLA on the substrate BP gradually increases in the direction away from the substrate BP. In one example, the first surface of the first lens structure MLA just covers the light-emitting area of the first light-emitting element LD1 at the first surface, and the curved surface of the first lens structure MLA meets the total reflection requirement, that is, the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 is totally reflected at the curved surface (the incident angle of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 at any point on the curved surface is greater than or equal to the critical angle (the adjacent angle is the incident angle when the refraction angle is 90°)). In this way, there is no light loss, and the attenuation rate of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 at the four corners of the first lens structure MLA is lower than the attenuation rate of the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 in other surrounding areas of the first lens structure MLA. In this way, the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 can enter the human eye after passing through the four corners of the first lens structure MLA, thereby improving the darkening phenomenon at the four corners. In other examples, the orthographic projection of the first surface on the substrate BP can be larger than the light-emitting area of the first light-emitting element LD1 at the first surface.
[0092] In this example, the horizontal distance from any point on the edge of the first surface to the edge of the second surface, that is, from the first surface to the second surface, is equidistantly enlarged.
[0093] Of course, in other examples, the first lens structure MLA may also have other surface shapes not shown. It is understandable that by adjusting the parameter values of a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2, etc. in the above formula, a surface shape different from the above-mentioned one can be obtained.
[0094] In the second embodiment of the present disclosure, see Figures 17-22 The first lens structure MLA is a double-layer structure. It is understood that the first lens structure MLA includes a stacked first sub-lens structure MLA1 and a second sub-lens structure MLA2. The second sub-lens structure MLA2 is located on the side of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 away from the substrate BP, and the orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 on the substrate BP is within the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 on the substrate BP.
[0095] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 on the substrate base BP is located within the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 on the substrate base BP, the orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 on the substrate base BP is smaller than the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 on the substrate base BP, and the distances between the edges of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 and the edges of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 are equal. In this way, it can be ensured that the distances between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and the four corners of the first lens structure MLA are greater than the distances between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and other areas of the first lens structure MLA, thereby causing the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 to decay more slowly at the four corners of the first lens structure MLA, and the light emitted by the first light-emitting element LD1 can enter the human eye after passing through the four corners of the first lens structure MLA, thereby improving the phenomenon of darkening at the four corners.
[0096] In one example of the present disclosure, the surface of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 satisfies the following formula:
[0097] z=a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4
[0098] Among them, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 in the first direction F1, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 in the second direction F2, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer TFE and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure MLA1.
[0099] The surface of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 satisfies the following formula:
[0100] z=a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4
[0101] Among them, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 in the first direction F1, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element LD1 and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 in the second direction F2, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer TFE and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure MLA2.
[0102] In one example, in the first sub-lens structure MLA1, a1=0.0072; a2=0.0008321; b1=0.0872; b2=0.00072; c1=0; c2=-0.00001015. In the second sub-lens structure MLA2, a1=0.015; a2=0.00165; b1=0.18; b2=0.0012; c1=0.000112; c2=0. Thus, the surface shape of the first lens structure MLA is formed as follows: Figures 17-22 As shown, Figure 17 and Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first lens structure MLA, Figure 19 is the right view of the first lens structure MLA, Figure 20 is a main view of the first lens structure MLA, Figure 21 is a top view of the first lens structure MLA, Figure 22 a is the light change diagram of the first lens structure MLA in the right view, Figure 22 b is a light change diagram of the first lens structure MLA in the main view.
[0103] See also Figures 17-22 , is a superimposed structure of a first sub-lens structure MLA1 and a second sub-lens structure MLA2, wherein the second sub-lens structure MLA2 can focus light passing through the first sub-lens structure MLA1. In this example, the orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 on the substrate BP is located within the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 on the substrate BP, the orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 on the substrate BP is smaller than the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 on the substrate BP, and the distances between the edges of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 and the edges of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 are equal. The equal distances between the edges of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 and the edges of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 mean that the distances between the edges of the second sub-lens structure MLA2 and the edges of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 are substantially consistent, and a certain degree of manufacturing error should be allowed.
[0104] Of course, in other examples, the first sub-lens structure MLA1 and the second sub-lens structure MLA2 may also have other surface shapes not shown. It is understood that by adjusting the parameter values of a1, a2, b1, b2, c1, c2, etc. in the above formula, a surface shape different from the surface shape of the first sub-lens structure MLA1 and the second sub-lens structure MLA2 shown above can be obtained.
[0105] Based on the above two implementations, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the display panel PNL further includes a black matrix BM.
[0106] In one embodiment, the number of black matrices BM is one, and the black matrix BM is disposed on a surface of the first lens structure MLA away from the base substrate BP. The black matrix BM is provided with a plurality of light-transmitting openings, each corresponding one-to-one with each of the plurality of first light-emitting elements LD1. In other embodiments, the number of black matrices BM may be multiple, and the plurality of black matrices BM are sequentially disposed in a direction away from the base substrate BP, and the black matrix BM is disposed on a surface of the first lens structure MLA away from the base substrate BP. The black matrix BM is provided with a plurality of light-transmitting openings, each corresponding one-to-one with each of the plurality of first light-emitting elements LD1.
[0107] In another example, the number of black matrices BM is 1, and the black matrix BM is arranged between the first lens structure MLA and the encapsulation layer TFE. A plurality of light-transmitting openings are provided on the black matrix BM, and the plurality of light-transmitting openings correspond one-to-one to the plurality of first light-emitting elements LD1. In other words, the plurality of light-transmitting openings correspond one-to-one to the plurality of first lens structures MLA. In this example, the orthographic projection of the surface of the first lens structure MLA close to the encapsulation layer TFE on the substrate BP completely covers the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting opening on the substrate BP; the z value is the height from a certain position on the surface of the first lens structure MLA to the surface of the black matrix BM away from the substrate BP. In other examples, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 ,in, Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display panel on one side in the first direction F1, Figure 7It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the display panel on the side of the second direction F2. There are multiple black matrices BM, and the multiple black matrices BM are arranged in sequence along the direction away from the substrate BP, and all the black matrices BM are arranged between the first lens structure MLA and the encapsulation layer TFE. In this example, the number of black matrices BM is two. In other examples, the number of black matrices BM can also be three, four, and so on. A plurality of light-transmitting openings are provided on the black matrix BM, and the multiple light-transmitting openings correspond one-to-one to the multiple first light-emitting elements LD1. In other words, the multiple light-transmitting openings correspond one-to-one to the multiple first lens structures MLA. In this example, the orthographic projection of the surface of the first lens structure MLA close to the encapsulation layer TFE on the substrate BP completely covers the orthographic projection of the light-transmitting openings on the black matrix BM away from the substrate BP on the substrate BP; the z value is the height from a certain position on the surface of the first lens structure MLA to the surface of the black matrix BM away from the substrate BP. In other examples, there are multiple black matrices BM, and the multiple black matrices BM are arranged in sequence along the direction away from the substrate BP, see Figure 25 , the first lens structure MLA is interspersed between multiple black matrices BM. A plurality of light-transmitting openings are provided on the black matrix BM, and the plurality of light-transmitting openings correspond one-to-one to the plurality of first light-emitting elements LD1. In other words, the plurality of light-transmitting openings correspond one-to-one to the plurality of first lens structures MLA. In this example, the orthographic projection of the surface of the first lens structure MLA close to the encapsulation layer on the substrate BP completely covers the orthographic projection of the black matrix BM closest to the first lens structure MLA on the substrate BP on the side of the first lens structure MLA close to the substrate BP; the z value is the height from a certain position on the surface of the first lens structure MLA to the surface of the black matrix BM closest to the first lens structure MLA on the side of the first lens structure MLA close to the substrate BP.
[0108] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the display panel PNL may further include a polarizer located on a side of the first lens structure away from the encapsulation layer TFE to filter polarized light, improve contrast, and eliminate reflected light. Furthermore, the display panel PNL may further include a cover plate located on a side of the polarizer away from the encapsulation layer to protect the display panel PNL.
[0109] Of course, the display panel PNL may also include other structures not shown.
[0110] In the present disclosure, the first lens structure MLA is prepared by using the above formula to obtain parameters, but a certain preparation error is allowed during the preparation process.
[0111] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure being indicated by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A display panel, characterized in that: It has a plurality of first light-emitting units; the first light-emitting units have correspondingly arranged first light-emitting elements and first lens structures; The display panel comprises a base substrate and a pixel layer, an encapsulation layer, and a light control layer sequentially stacked and distributed on the base substrate, the pixel layer comprises the first light-emitting element, and the light control layer comprises the first lens structure; The length of the first lens structure is greater than the width of the first lens structure; The light emitted by the first light emitting element is emitted through the first lens structure.
2. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The surface of the first lens structure satisfies the following formula: z=a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4 Among them, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first lens structure in the first direction, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first lens structure in the second direction, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer and a point on the surface of the first lens structure.
3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein: a1=0.1; a2=0.000105; b1=0.012; b2=0.0012; c1=0; c2=0.000000535.
4. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein: a1=0.015; a2=0.00165; b1=0.18; b2=0.0012; c1=0.000112; c2=0.
5. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The first lens structure includes a first sub-lens structure and a second sub-lens structure; the second sub-lens structure is located on a side of the first sub-lens structure away from the base substrate, and the orthographic projection of the second sub-lens structure on the base substrate is within the orthographic projection of the first sub-lens structure on the base substrate.
6. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein: The distances between the edge of the second sub-lens structure and the edge of the first sub-lens structure are equal.
7. The display panel according to claim 6, wherein: The surface of the first sub-lens structure satisfies the following formula: z=a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4 Wherein, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure in the first direction, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure in the second direction, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer and a point on the surface of the first sub-lens structure; The surface of the second sub-lens structure satisfies the following formula: z=a1*x 2 +b1*y 2 +a2*x 4 +b2*y 4 +c1*x 2 y 2 +c2*x 4 y 4 Among them, 0≤a1≤0.9; -0.9≤a2≤0.9; 0≤b1≤0.9; -0.9≤b2≤0.9; -0.1≤c1≤0.1; -0.1≤c2≤0.1, x represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure in the first direction, y represents the horizontal distance between the center of the first light-emitting element and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure in the second direction, and z represents the vertical distance between the encapsulation layer and a point on the surface of the second sub-lens structure.
8. The display panel according to claim 7, wherein: In the first sub-lens structure, a1=0.0072; a2=0.0008321; b1=0.0872; b2=0.00072; c1=0; c2=-0.00001015; In the second sub-lens structure, a1=0.015; a2=0.00165; b1=0.18; b2=0.0012; c1=0.000112; and c2=0.
9. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein: The display panel also has a black matrix; The black matrix is located on a side of the first lens structure away from the encapsulation layer; or, the black matrix is located between the encapsulation layer and the first lens structure.
10. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein The display panel further includes a plurality of second light emitting units; The viewing angle of the second light emitting unit in the row direction is greater than the viewing angle of the first light emitting unit in the row direction.