Laser welding device

Abstract

The utility model provides a laser welding device which can be used for laser spot welding pre-fixing and / or laser welding of a first workpiece and a second workpiece. Comprising a laser welding head, the laser welding head comprises a mounting part and a light emitting end, the mounting part is connected with the light emitting end, the laser output end of the mounting part is a second end part, the inner diameter of the second end part is d5, the laser output end of the light emitting end is a first end part, the inner diameter of the first end part is d10, and the range of d5 is (5-8) * d10. By controlling the inner diameter d5 of the second end part and the inner diameter d10 of the first end part to be within the range, the size of the laser welding head and the focusing control of the laser beam can be realized, and compared with a conventional laser welding device, laser spot welding pre-fixing and / or laser welding can also be realized in a to-be-welded area shielded by the special-shaped structural part main body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a welding tool, in particular to a laser welder which can be used for laser welding of workpieces. Background Art

[0002] Welding is widely used to secure various components due to its high joint strength and reliability. Currently, mainstream welding methods include argon arc welding, brazing, and laser welding. Before welding, the components to be welded generally require pre-assembly and fixation. Common assembly and fixation methods include riveting, gap assembly processing, and fixture fastening.

[0003] Extensive use of riveting can lead to excessive deformation of parts, which is detrimental to maintaining the product structure. Therefore, riveting should be minimized during assembly before welding. The inventors are aware of methods that employ gap assembly followed by fixture clamping. However, when assembling parts with unusual structures, fixtures cannot secure them. The inventors are aware of alternatives that employ laser spot welding for pre-fixing before welding.

[0004] However, after some special-shaped structure welding ends are assembled with other parts’ welding parts, the welding parts that need to be pre-fixed are blocked by the main body of the special-shaped parts, and standard laser welders cannot complete effective laser spot welding pre-fixation and / or laser welding. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a laser welder that is not easily blocked by the main body of a special-shaped structural part and can complete effective laser spot welding pre-fixing and / or laser welding.

[0006] The present application provides a laser welder that can be used for laser spot welding pre-fixing and / or laser welding of a first workpiece and a second workpiece; it includes a laser welding head, the laser welding head includes a mounting portion and a light output end, the mounting portion is connected to the light output end, the laser output end of the mounting portion is the second end, the inner diameter of the second end is d5, the laser output end of the light output end is the first end, the inner diameter of the first end is d10, and the range of d5 is (5~8)*d10.

[0007] After the welding end of the special-shaped structure is assembled with the welding parts of other parts, the operating space of the welding head in the laser welder is small. If a smaller laser welding head is replaced, the problem of difficulty in focusing the laser beam may occur due to the mismatch between the size of the laser output end and the laser input end. By controlling the inner diameter d5 of the second end and the inner diameter d10 of the first end within the aforementioned range, that is, by controlling the inner diameter of the laser input end to be (5-8) times the inner diameter of the laser output end, within the operating space available for the laser welding head, that is, the axial length of the laser welding head is basically limited by the operating space, by controlling between the aforementioned second end inner diameter d5 and the first end inner diameter d10, it is basically possible to effectively ensure that the laser beam is within this limited operating space, and the area to be welded can also achieve effective laser spot welding pre-fixation and / or laser welding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the laser welding head;

[0009] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The working diagram of the laser welding head shown;

[0010] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a stamped runner plate assembly used in the laser welding head;

[0011] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the stamping runner plate assembly from another perspective

[0012] Reference numerals:

[0013] 110-first workpiece, 120-first workpiece, 310-flow channel plate substrate, 311-first part connection portion, 312-second part connection portion, 313-third part connection portion, 314-fourth part connection portion, 315-second groove, 320-special-shaped part, 321-first welding end portion, 322-second welding end portion, 323-main body, 410-first groove, 316-bottom, 400-first cover plate, 350-second cover plate, 330-third part mounting seat, 340-fourth part mounting seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to facilitate understanding of the purpose, concept and overall technical solution of the present invention, specific implementation methods are listed to illustrate the content of this application.

[0015] The present application provides a laser welder that can be used in the docking or intersection areas of some special-shaped structure welding ends and other parts welding parts. It is not easily blocked by special-shaped structures and can complete effective laser spot welding pre-fixing and / or laser welding. The laser welder of the present application can be used for laser spot welding pre-fixing before brazing, pre-fixing before laser welding, and pre-fixing and brazing to complete welding, pre-fixing and laser welding and brazing to complete welding. It can be flexibly used in the manufacture of products that cannot be fixed using tooling, and for welding workpieces that cannot be fixed using conventional laser spot welding, to achieve laser spot welding and / or welding of products. During laser welding, the positional relationship between the laser irradiation point on the workpiece and the focus of the laser beam, the irradiation angle of the laser beam, the travel mode of the laser beam, etc. all have a certain impact on the utilization rate of laser energy and the welding quality. Conventional laser welding heads are generally suitable for laser spot welding and laser welding of various workpieces. However, when the main part of the special-shaped workpiece is not consistent with the end to be welded, the main part will have a certain impact on the laser welding of the end to be welded. Especially when the operating space is small, the laser welding head will not be able to effectively control the laser irradiation energy of the end to be welded, making it difficult to effectively laser spot welding or welding.

[0016] In one embodiment, a laser welder is provided that can be used for laser spot welding, pre-fixing, and / or laser welding of a first workpiece 110 and a second workpiece 120. The laser welder is characterized in that it includes a laser welding head, the laser welding head including a mounting portion 21 and a light output end 24, the mounting portion 21 being connected to the light output end 24, the laser output end of the mounting portion 21 being a second end 212, the inner diameter of the second end 212 being d5, the laser output end of the light output end 24 being a first end 246, the inner diameter of the first end 246 being d10, and the range of d5 being (5 to 8)*d10. The laser welding head using the aforementioned structure can further reduce the volume of the laser welding head and focus the laser beam passing therethrough, enabling laser spot welding and / or welding in a smaller space while effectively concentrating the laser energy, thereby improving the effective utilization of the laser energy. The laser welding head can achieve laser spot welding, pre-fixing, and / or laser welding in smaller spaces and / or in welding locations obstructed by irregularly shaped parts.

[0017] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the first end portion 246 is d6, and the difference between d6 and d10 is in the range of 4-6 mm. By limiting the difference between the outer diameter d6 of the first end portion 246 and the inner diameter d10 of the first end portion 246 and the multiple relationship between the inner diameters d5 of the second end portion 212 and d10, the laser beam can be effectively focused within the aforementioned laser welding head, while maintaining a smaller size, achieving a better focusing effect, and reducing the operating space requirements, making it more suitable for laser spot welding and / or laser welding operations in various special-shaped spaces.

[0018] Furthermore, the laser welding head also includes a first connecting portion 22 and a second connecting portion 23. The laser beam input end face of the first connecting portion 22 is a third end portion 223, which is connected to the second end portion 212. The laser beam output end face of the first connecting portion 22 is connected to the second connecting portion 23, which is connected to the light output end 24. The inner wall of the first connecting portion 22 and / or the second connecting portion 23 is tapered. The tapered shape of the first connecting portion 22 and / or the second connecting portion 23, combined with the aforementioned structure, can achieve a better laser beam focusing effect, reduce the propagation path of the laser beam within the laser welding head, reduce energy loss, and further improve the energy utilization of the laser beam.

[0019] Furthermore, the inner wall of the mounting portion 21 is tapered, and the laser input end of the mounting portion 21 is the sixth end 211. The inner diameter of the sixth end 211 is d4, and the inner diameter of the second end 212 is d5, where d4>d5. This allows for a relatively stable installation, and the mounting portion 21 has virtually no negative impact on the propagation of the laser beam. Instead, it focuses the reflected laser beam, reducing laser energy loss.

[0020] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the end side of the third end portion 223 close to the mounting portion (21) is d8, d8≤d5, the laser beam input end of the second connecting portion 23 and the laser beam output end of the first connecting portion 22 both have a fourth end portion 224, the inner diameter of the fourth end portion 224 is d9, the laser beam output end of the second connecting portion 23 and the laser beam input end of the light output end 24 both have a fifth end portion 235, the fifth end portion 235 has an inner diameter d7, d8>d9>d7>d10. The inner diameters of each end portion decrease successively, which can shorten the propagation path of the laser beam in the laser welding head, reduce energy loss, and further improve the energy utilization rate of the laser beam.

[0021] Optionally, the laser input end of the mounting portion is the sixth end 211, and the distance between the sixth end 211 and the first end 246 is m1. Laser spot welding is performed by controlling the focal length of the laser beam to be greater than m1. This allows for a relatively simple laser welding head structural design, essentially eliminating the need for a complex focusing design, while effectively irradiating the laser beam to the welding area with a simple structure.

[0022] Optionally, the distance between the third end 223 and the first end 246 is m2, where m2 is less than the focal length of the laser beam of the laser welder. This allows for a simpler laser welding head structure design, essentially eliminating the need for a complex focusing design, while effectively irradiating the weld area with the laser beam and maintaining a simple structure.

[0023] In a specific embodiment, Figure 1-4As shown, the laser welder includes a laser welding head, which includes a mounting portion 21 and a light output end 24. The mounting portion 21 is connected to the light output end 24. The laser output end of the mounting portion 21 is a second end 212, and the inner diameter of the second end 212 is d5. The laser output end of the light output end 24 is a first end 246, and the inner diameter of the first end 246 is d10, where d5 is 5-8 times d10. The outer diameter of the first end 246 is d6, and the difference between d6 and d10 is 4 mm.

[0024] The laser welding head also includes a first connecting portion 22 and a second connecting portion 23. The laser beam input end of the first connecting portion 22 is a third end 223, which is connected to the second end 212. The laser beam output end of the first connecting portion 22 is connected to the second connecting portion 23, which is connected to the light output end 24. The first and second connecting portions 22 and 23 are tapered. The outer diameter of the second end 212 is d3. The inner diameter of the third end 223 is d8, and the outer diameter of the third end 223 is d1. The inner diameter of the first connecting portion 22 gradually decreases along the direction of laser transmission, and the inner diameter of the second connecting portion 23 also gradually decreases along the direction of laser transmission.

[0025] The mounting portion 21 is tapered, and the laser input end of the mounting portion 21 is the sixth end portion 211 . The inner diameter of the sixth end portion 211 is d4 , and the outer diameter of the sixth end portion 211 is d2 .

[0026] The laser beam input end of the second connecting part 23 and the laser beam output end of the first connecting part 22 are arranged at the fourth end 224, and the inner diameter of the fourth end 224 is d9. The laser beam output end of the second connecting part 23 and the laser beam input end of the light output end 24 are arranged at the fifth end 235, and the fifth end 235 has an inner diameter d7.

[0027] Specific as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 When the laser welder is used for laser spot welding and / or laser welding of a first workpiece 110 and a second workpiece 120, the axis of the laser welding head generally passes through the to-be-welded points of the first and second workpieces 110, 120. During laser welding, the laser welding head generally moves in a spiral oscillating manner around the to-be-welded portion of the second workpiece 120 to achieve localized fusion welding of the first and second workpieces 110, 120.

[0028] like Figure 3-4 As shown, Figure 1The laser welding head shown is used for stamping flow channel plate welding. The first workpiece 110 is a flow channel plate substrate 310, which is manufactured by stamping. The flow channel plate substrate 310 has a first part connection portion 311, a second part connection portion 312, and a bottom 316. The bottom 316 is located on one side of the flow channel plate substrate 310, and the first part connection portion 311 and the second part connection portion 312 are located on the other side of the flow channel plate substrate 310. The second workpiece 120 is a special-shaped part 320, which has a first welding end portion. 321, the second welding end portion 322, and the main body portion 323, the main body portion 323 is located between the first welding end portion 321 and the second welding end portion 322; the special-shaped part 320 is assembled with the flow channel plate substrate 310, and at least part of the first part connection portion 311 and the second part connection portion 312 is located between the bottom 316 and the main body portion 323; the laser welder is used for laser spot welding and / or laser welding the first welding end portion 321 and the first part connection portion 311, and the second welding end portion 322 and the second part connection portion 312.

[0029] The flow channel plate substrate 310 also has a first groove 410, a second groove 315, a third part connecting portion 313, and a fourth part connecting portion 314. The first groove 410 is located on one side of the flow channel plate substrate 310, and the second groove 315, the third part connecting portion 313, and the fourth part connecting portion 314 are located on the other side of the flow channel plate substrate 310; the laser welder is used for laser spot welding and / or laser welding the third part mounting seat 330 and the third part connecting portion 313, and the fourth part mounting seat 340 and the fourth part connecting portion 314; the laser welder is used for laser spot welding and / or laser welding the first cover plate 400 and the flow channel plate substrate 310, and the second cover plate 350 and the flow channel plate substrate 310; the first cover plate 400 covers the open end of the first groove 410, and the second cover plate 350 covers the open end of the second groove 315.

[0030] In specific application, the laser welder is used to laser weld the first welding end 321 and the first part connection portion 311. The laser welding head swings in a spiral along the periphery of the first welding end 321, and the laser welding swing amplitude is set to A. The laser welding adopts a laser beam power controlled at 450-650W.

[0031] In specific applications, when the laser welder is used for laser spot welding the first welding end 321 and the first part connection part 311, a diagonal spot welding pre-fixing method is adopted. First, a first point is selected at the first welding end 321, and then a second point symmetrical to the first point is selected, and laser spot welding pre-fixing is performed at the first point and the second point respectively.

[0032] When a laser welder is used for laser spot welding of a stamped manifold plate, a laser welding head is used to pre-fix the first part connection portion 311 with the first welding end portion 321, the second part connection portion 312 with the second welding end portion 322, the third part connection portion 313 with the third part mounting seat 330, the fourth part connection portion 314 with the fourth part mounting seat 340, and the second cover plate 350 with the manifold plate base plate 310, completing the first assembly of the stamped manifold plate. A tool is then used to pre-fix the first assembly with the first cover plate 400, and the first assembly and the first cover plate 400 are brazed together, completing the assembly in one step. After welding, the first cover plate 400 covers the bottom of the manifold plate base plate 310 and closes the first groove 410. The second cover plate 350 covers the open end of the second groove 315, connecting the first groove 410 with the second groove 315 to form a fluid passage.

[0033] The laser welder of the present application can be widely used for laser spot welding and / or welding of aluminum alloy workpieces, welding of steel, and laser welding of plastics. When the aluminum alloy workpiece has multiple brazing locations, the welds can be smoothly completed while reducing the use of welding tooling, increasing the brazing furnace load, and also having the secondary effect of reducing production costs.

[0034] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention have been described above using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser welder capable of being used for laser spot welding pre-fixation and / or laser welding of a first workpiece (110) and a second workpiece (120); characterized in that: The laser welding head comprises a mounting portion (21) and a light output end (24); the mounting portion (21) is connected to the light output end (24); the laser output end of the mounting portion (21) is a second end (212); the inner diameter of the second end (212) is d5; the laser output end of the light output end (24) is a first end (246); the inner diameter of the first end (246) is d10; and the range of d5 is (5 to 8)*d10.

2. The laser welder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the first end portion (246) is d6, and the difference between d6 and d10 is in the range of 4-6 mm.

3. The laser welder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The laser welding head also includes a first connecting part (22) and a second connecting part (23), wherein the laser beam input end face of the first connecting part (22) is a third end portion (223), and the third end portion (223) is connected to the second end portion (212), the laser beam output end face of the first connecting part (22) is connected to the second connecting part (23), and the second connecting part (23) is connected to the light output end (24); and the inner wall of the first connecting part (22) and / or the second connecting part (23) is conical.

4. The laser welder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the mounting portion (21) is tapered, the laser input end face of the mounting portion (21) is the sixth end portion (211), and the inner diameter of the sixth end portion (211) is d4, where d4>d5.

5. The laser welder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the end side of the third end portion (223) close to the mounting portion (21) is d8, d8≤d5, the laser beam input end of the second connecting portion (23) and the laser beam output end of the first connecting portion (22) both have a fourth end portion (224), the inner diameter of the fourth end portion (224) is d9, the laser beam output end of the second connecting portion (23) and the laser beam input end of the light output end (24) both have a fifth end portion (235), the fifth end portion (235) has an inner diameter d7, d8>d9>d7>d10.

6. The laser welder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the sixth end (211) and the first end (246) is m1, and the focal length of the laser beam is controlled to be greater than m1 for laser spot welding.

7. The laser welder according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the third end (223) and the first end (246) is m2, and m2 is smaller than the focal length of the laser beam of the laser welder.

8. The laser welder according to claim 1, 2, 5, 6 or 7, characterized in that: Applicable to stamping flow channel plate welding, the first workpiece (110) is a flow channel plate substrate (310), the flow channel plate substrate (310) is manufactured by stamping, the flow channel plate substrate (310) has a first part connecting portion (311), a second part connecting portion (312), and a bottom (316), the bottom (316) is located on one side of the flow channel plate substrate (310), and the first part connecting portion (311) and the second part connecting portion (312) are located on the other side of the flow channel plate substrate (310); the second workpiece (120) is a special-shaped part (320), and the special-shaped part (320) has a first welding end (321) , a second welding end portion (322), and a main body portion (323), wherein the main body portion (323) is located between the first welding end portion (321) and the second welding end portion (322); the special-shaped part (320) and the flow channel plate substrate (310) are assembled, and at least part of the first part connection portion (311) and the second part connection portion (312) are located between the bottom portion (316) and the main body portion (323); the laser welder is used for laser spot welding and / or laser welding the first welding end portion (321) and the first part connection portion (311), and the second welding end portion (322) and the second part connection portion (312).

9. The laser welder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flow channel plate substrate (310) further comprises a first groove (410), a second groove (315), a third part connection portion (313), and a fourth part connection portion (314), wherein the first groove (410) is located on one side of the flow channel plate substrate (310), and the second groove (315), the third part connection portion (313), and the fourth part connection portion (314) are located on the other side of the flow channel plate substrate (310); the laser welder is used for laser spot welding and / or laser welding the third part mounting portion. The seat (330) is connected to the third part connecting portion (313), and the fourth part mounting seat (340) is connected to the fourth part connecting portion (314); the laser welder is used for laser spot welding and / or laser welding the first cover plate (400) and the flow channel plate substrate (310), and the second cover plate (350) and the flow channel plate substrate (310); the first cover plate (400) is covered on the open end of the first groove (410), and the second cover plate (350) is covered on the open end of the second groove (315).

10. The laser welder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The laser welder is used for laser welding the first welding end portion (321) and the first part connecting portion (311); the laser welding head moves in a spiral swing along the periphery of the first welding end portion (321); the laser welding swing amplitude is set to A, 2A<d10<2A+8; and the laser beam power used in the laser welding is controlled at 450-650W.

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