Power supply control circuit, power system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power supply control circuit, a power system and a vehicle, and the power supply control circuit comprises a switch module which is electrically connected with a power battery and an electric load in the vehicle and is used for disconnecting a line between the power battery and the electric load when a vehicle door of the vehicle is in an open state. The power supply control circuit is provided with the switch module associated with the opening and closing state of the vehicle door, so that the switch module can disconnect the circuit between the power battery and the electricity load when the vehicle door is in the opening state. When an emergency occurs, a person can open the vehicle door to escape, so that the aim of disconnecting high voltage is fulfilled synchronously under the action of the switch module, and the whole process is short in required operation time and high in reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a power supply control circuit, a power system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Electric vehicles are usually equipped with devices for disconnecting high-voltage circuits. For example, new energy vehicles are usually equipped with emergency stop switches. When an emergency occurs (such as an accident, fire or other dangerous situations), relevant personnel can press the emergency stop switch to quickly disconnect the high-voltage circuit between the power battery and the electrical load to ensure the safety of the vehicle and personnel.

[0003] For example, some vehicles have the emergency stop switch located under the hood. This means that in an emergency, the hood must be opened before the switch can be pressed, preventing the high-voltage circuit from being quickly disconnected. There are also solutions that place the emergency stop switch inside the cabin, but in an emergency, people may panic and only focus on opening the door to escape, forgetting to press the switch.

[0004] In summary, existing solutions for disconnecting high voltage have the problems of long operation time and low reliability. Utility Model Content

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a power supply control circuit, a power system, and a vehicle, which can simultaneously disconnect the high voltage when a person opens the vehicle door to escape, with a short operation time and high reliability, so as to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a power supply control circuit, comprising a switch module;

[0007] The switch module is electrically connected to the power battery and the electrical load in the vehicle respectively, and is used to disconnect the line between the power battery and the electrical load when the vehicle door is in the open state.

[0008] Optionally, the switch module includes a door travel switch arranged at the vehicle door;

[0009] The door travel switch is electrically connected to the power battery and the electrical load respectively, and is used to be disconnected when the door is opened, so as to disconnect the line between the power battery and the electrical load.

[0010] Optionally, the door travel switch includes a limit relay.

[0011] Optionally, the switch module further includes a controller and a main control switch;

[0012] The main control switch is electrically connected to the controller, the power battery and the electrical load respectively, and is used to control the on and off of the circuit between the power battery and the electrical load under the drive of the controller.

[0013] Optionally, the main control switch includes a main contactor, and the main contactor includes a coil and a contact;

[0014] The first end of the coil is electrically connected to the controller, and the second end is grounded;

[0015] The first end of the contact is electrically connected to the power battery, and the second end of the contact is electrically connected to the power load.

[0016] Optionally, a door travel switch is connected in series with the coil to prevent the coil from being powered when in the disconnected state, thereby disconnecting the line between the power battery and the electrical load.

[0017] Optionally, the switch module further includes a door status detection unit;

[0018] The door status detection unit is electrically connected to the controller and is used to detect the open and close status of the door and feed back to the controller;

[0019] The controller is used to control the on / off state of the main switch according to the on / off state of the door.

[0020] Optionally, the power supply control circuit further includes a soft start module;

[0021] The soft start module is connected in series between the power battery and the electrical load, and is used to limit the current between the power battery and the electrical load within a preset time after the power battery and the electrical load are connected.

[0022] Optionally, the soft start module includes a current limiting component, a first switch and a second switch;

[0023] The current limiting component and the first switch are connected in series as a first branch between the power battery and the electrical load, and the second switch is connected in series as a second branch between the power battery and the electrical load;

[0024] The second switch is turned on after the first switch is turned on for a preset time period.

[0025] Optionally, the current limiting component includes a current limiting resistor;

[0026] and / or, the first switch comprises a first contactor;

[0027] And / or, the second switch includes a second contactor.

[0028] Optionally, the power supply control circuit further includes a fuse module;

[0029] The fuse module is connected in series between the power battery and the electrical load, and is disconnected when the current between the power battery and the electrical load exceeds a preset current.

[0030] Optionally, the insurance module includes a fuse.

[0031] According to a second aspect of the present application, a power system is provided, comprising a power battery, an electrical load, and a power supply control circuit according to any one of the above embodiments, wherein a switch module in the power supply control circuit is electrically connected to the power battery and the electrical load, respectively.

[0032] According to a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising a power system according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0033] The power supply control circuit of this embodiment incorporates a switch module that is linked to the door's open / closed state. This module disconnects the power battery and the load when the door is open. In an emergency, people would open the door to escape, and the switch module simultaneously disconnects the high voltage. This entire process requires minimal operation time and offers high reliability.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0036] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same drawing numbers represent the same parts in the following description.

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply control circuit in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in this application;

[0038] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch module including a power supply control circuit of a vehicle door travel switch in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a switch module in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application, further comprising a main control switch and a power supply control circuit of a controller;

[0040] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit implementation of a power supply control circuit in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in this application;

[0041] Figure 5 is a structural diagram of a switch module in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in the present application further including a power supply control circuit of a door state detection unit;

[0042] Figure 6 is a structural diagram of a power supply control circuit including a soft start module in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in this application;

[0043] Figure 7 is a structural diagram of a power supply control circuit including a fuse module in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in this application;

[0044] Figure 8 1 is a control flow diagram of a power supply control circuit in an exemplary embodiment disclosed in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0046] According to the first aspect of this application, Figure 1 As shown, a power supply control circuit is provided, including a switch module.

[0047] Among them, the switch module is electrically connected to the power battery and the electrical load in the vehicle respectively, and is used to disconnect the line between the power battery and the electrical load when the vehicle door is in the open state.

[0048] Among them, the on-off control of the switch module depends on the opening and closing state of the vehicle door. When the vehicle door is in the open state, the switch module disconnects the line between the power battery and the electrical load; when the vehicle door is in the closed state, the switch module connects the line between the power battery and the electrical load.

[0049] Among them, for different types of doors, corresponding judgment methods can be used to determine whether they are in an open state or a closed state. The types of doors may include hinged doors and sliding doors. Hinge doors are the most common door design. The door and the body are connected by hinges set on the side or rear of the body, so that the door can be opened outwards. Hinge doors can be divided into two types: forward opening and rear opening. Forward-opening hinged doors open forward, while rear-opening hinged doors open rearward. Sliding doors are a side-sliding door design. They open and close by sliding on a track on the side of the body. Sliding doors are generally divided into two types: manual and electric. Manual sliding doors require manual pushing of the door to slide along the track, while electric sliding doors use an electric motor to drive the door to slide.

[0050] For hinged doors, their open and closed states can be determined based on the door's opening and closing angles; specifically, when the door's opening and closing angles are greater than a preset angle, the door can be determined to be in an open state, otherwise it can be determined to be in a closed state.

[0051] For a sliding door, its open / close state can be determined based on the lateral movement distance of the door; specifically, when the lateral movement distance of the door is greater than a preset distance, it can be determined that the door is in the open state, otherwise it can be determined that the door is in the closed state.

[0052] Among them, when the switch module directly controls the on-off of the line between the power battery and the power load, the switch module is as follows: Figure 1 In other embodiments, the switch module can also control the on / off of the circuit between the power battery and the power load through other modules. In this case, the switch module is not limited to being connected in series between the power battery and the power load.

[0053] The power supply control circuit of this embodiment incorporates a switch module that is linked to the door's open / closed state. This module disconnects the power battery and the load when the door is open. In an emergency, people would open the door to escape, and the switch module simultaneously disconnects the high voltage. This entire process requires minimal operation time and offers high reliability.

[0054] like Figure 2 As shown, optionally, the switch module includes a door travel switch arranged at the vehicle door.

[0055] Among them, the door travel switch is electrically connected to the power battery and the electrical load respectively, and is used to be disconnected when the door is opened due to the drive of the door, so as to disconnect the line between the power battery and the electrical load.

[0056] Among them, the door travel switch can directly control the on-off of the circuit between the power battery and the power load. Figure 2 In other embodiments, the door travel switch can also control the on / off of the circuit between the power battery and the power load through other units. In this case, the door travel switch is not limited to being connected in series between the power battery and the power load.

[0057] The door travel switch's operation is dependent on the movement of the vehicle door, with the vehicle door acting as the active device and the door travel switch acting as the passive device. When the vehicle door transitions from closed to open, the door travel switch, driven by the vehicle door, also transitions from on to off. Specifically, for a sliding door, as the door's lateral movement gradually increases, until it reaches a predetermined distance, the door is considered closed, and the corresponding door travel switch is on. When the door's lateral movement exceeds the predetermined distance, the door is considered open, and the corresponding door travel switch is off.

[0058] Among them, when the action types of the car door and the door travel switch are the same, the action of the car door can directly drive the action of the door travel switch; when the action types of the car door and the door travel switch are different, a transmission device that plays the role of action type conversion is required to drive the action of the door travel switch according to the action of the car door.

[0059] Specifically, when the car door is a sliding door, its corresponding action type is translation. If the action type of the door travel switch is rotation at this time, a corresponding transmission device is required to realize the switching from translation to rotation, so that the action of the sliding door can drive the action of the door travel switch.

[0060] Alternatively, when the car door is a hinged door, its corresponding action type is rotation. If the action type of the door travel switch is translation, a corresponding transmission device is required to realize the switching from rotation to translation, so that the action of the hinged door can drive the action of the door travel switch.

[0061] Optionally, the door travel switch includes a limit relay.

[0062] Among them, the limit switch is a mechanical switch installed at a specific position in the mechanical system. When the mechanical component reaches the predetermined position, the limit switch will be triggered and change its switching state. This state change will be transmitted to other electrical equipment through the relay, thereby realizing the corresponding control operation.

[0063] Based on the working characteristics of the limit relay, it meets the functional requirements of the door travel switch, so it can be used as a door travel switch in this application. Of course, in other embodiments, other specific devices can also be used as the door travel switch, which will not be repeated here.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, optionally, the switch module also includes a controller and a main control switch.

[0065] Among them, the main control switch is electrically connected to the controller, the power battery and the electrical load respectively, and is used to control the on and off of the line between the power battery and the electrical load under the drive of the controller.

[0066] Among them, the main control switch can directly control the on and off of the line between the power battery and the power load. Figure 3 The connection relationship shown is connected in series between the power battery and the electrical load. In other embodiments, the main control switch can also control the on / off of the circuit between the power battery and the electrical load through other units. In this case, the main control switch is not limited to being connected in series between the power battery and the electrical load.

[0067] As mentioned in the above embodiments, the on / off control of the door travel switch is linked to the door's open / close state. When the door is open, the door travel switch normally disconnects the power battery from the load. However, if a short circuit occurs in the door travel switch, even though the door is open, the switch is unable to disconnect the power battery from the load. To address this issue, this embodiment adds a master switch and a corresponding controller. When the door travel switch is unable to disconnect the power battery from the load due to a short circuit, the controller drives the master switch to the off state, thereby disconnecting the power battery from the load.

[0068] Among them, the controller can drive the main control switch to the off state based on the trigger signal generated by the vehicle in an emergency situation. The trigger signal may include a vehicle collision signal, a vehicle emergency brake signal, a vehicle fire signal, etc.

[0069] Among them, the vehicle travel switch and main control switch achieve double protection, improving reliability.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, optionally, the main control switch includes a main contactor K1, and the main contactor K1 includes a coil and a contact.

[0071] Among them, the first end of the coil in the main contactor K1 is electrically connected to the controller, and the second end of the coil in the main contactor K1 is grounded; the first end of the contact in the main contactor K1 is electrically connected to the power battery (such as the positive pole V+ of the power battery), and the second end of the contact in the main contactor K1 is electrically connected to the power load.

[0072] Among them, the contactor has the advantages of high voltage tolerance (the contactor is designed to handle high voltage circuits and can withstand higher voltage levels, usually in the range of several thousand volts to tens of kilovolts), high current tolerance (the contactor can withstand high current loads, usually in the range of hundreds of amperes to several thousand amperes), reliability and durability (the design and manufacture of the contactor are subject to strict quality control to ensure its reliability and durability, and it can maintain stable performance under long-term operation and frequent switching), and fast disconnect capability (the contactor can quickly disconnect the high-voltage circuit to ensure that the current in the circuit is quickly interrupted). Therefore, in this embodiment, the main contactor K1 can be directly connected in series between the power battery and the power load.

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, optionally, the door travel switch K2 is connected in series with the coil in the main contactor K1, and is used to prevent the coil in the main contactor K1 from being powered on in the disconnected state, so as to disconnect the line between the power battery and the electrical load.

[0074] As mentioned in the above embodiments, the door travel switch K2 can be directly connected in series between the power battery and the electrical load. However, the vehicle door is a component that people frequently touch. Therefore, the door travel switch K2 and the corresponding wires installed on the vehicle door require very strict insulation treatment, which is very costly. In addition, although strict insulation treatment can be used to isolate the door travel switch K2 and the related wires, the presence of high-voltage circuits on the vehicle door itself poses a significant risk of electric shock.

[0075] Therefore, in this embodiment, to address this problem, the door travel switch K2 is connected in series with the coil in the main contactor K1. The circuit where the coil in the main contactor K1 is located can be understood as a low-voltage circuit relative to the high-voltage circuit where the contacts in the main contactor K1 are located, thereby avoiding the presence of a high-voltage circuit on the door and greatly reducing the risk of electric shock.

[0076] like Figure 5 As shown, optionally, the switch module also includes a door status detection unit.

[0077] The door status detection unit is electrically connected to the controller and is used to detect the switch status of the door and feed back the status to the controller.

[0078] Among them, the controller may only include a microcontroller. In this case, the door status detection unit is electrically connected to the microcontroller, so that the detected switch status is fed back to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller identifies the switch status and completes the control of the main switch.

[0079] Among them, the controller can also include a microcontroller and a vehicle controller. In this case, the door status detection unit is electrically connected to the vehicle controller, so that the detected switch status is fed back to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller identifies the switch status. Then the vehicle controller sends a corresponding control signal to the microcontroller based on the identification result, and finally the microcontroller controls the main switch according to the control signal.

[0080] The controller is used to control the on / off state of the main switch according to the on / off state of the door.

[0081] In the above embodiment, the controller can drive the main switch to the off state based on trigger signals such as a vehicle collision signal, a vehicle emergency braking signal, and a vehicle ignition signal. In this embodiment, in addition to the door status detection unit, the controller can also control the main switch based on the open / closed state of the door, similar to the working purpose of the door travel switch.

[0082] Among them, the door state detection unit can use various sensors to realize the detection of the opening and closing state, such as angle sensor, displacement sensor, speed sensor, acceleration sensor, etc.

[0083] like Figure 6 As shown, optionally, the power supply control circuit also includes a soft start module.

[0084] The soft start module is connected in series between the power battery and the electrical load, and is used to limit the current between the power battery and the electrical load within a preset time after the power battery and the electrical load are connected.

[0085] Among them, the power load typically uses a bus capacitor to connect to the power supply voltage output by the power battery. Before the line between the power battery and the power load is connected, the voltage on the bus capacitor is zero. If no protective measures are taken, after the line between the power battery and the power load is connected, a large current will flow directly into the bus capacitor, causing the voltage on the bus capacitor to rise rapidly. This can easily damage not only the bus capacitor but also other components in the power load. Therefore, in this embodiment, a soft start module is provided to prevent the bus capacitor from receiving a large current and causing a rapid voltage increase after the line between the power battery and the power load is connected.

[0086] The preset duration may be determined based on the charging time of the bus capacitor, for example, the preset duration is equal to the charging duration.

[0087] Optionally, the soft start module includes a current limiting component, a first switch and a second switch. Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the current limiting component includes a current limiting resistor R1, the first switch includes a first contactor K3, and the second switch includes a second contactor K4.

[0088] The current limiting resistor R1 and the first contactor K3 are connected in series as a first branch connected in series between the power battery and the electrical load, and the second contactor K4 is connected in series between the power battery and the electrical load as a second branch.

[0089] The second contactor K4 is turned on after the first contactor K3 is turned on for a preset time period.

[0090] When the first contactor K3 is turned on, a current loop is formed between the power battery, current-limiting resistor R1, the first contactor K3, and the load. Due to the presence of current-limiting resistor R1, the current in this loop is limited to a small value, which is less likely to damage the busbar capacitors and other components in the load. When the busbar capacitors in the load are fully charged, the first contactor K3 is disconnected and the second contactor K4 is turned on. A current loop is formed between the power battery, the second contactor K4, and the load. Without current-limiting resistor R1, the current in this loop is not limited, which does not affect power supply efficiency.

[0091] In other embodiments, the current limiting component may also be in the form of an inductor, and the first switch and the second switch may also be other types of switching devices besides contactors, which will not be described in detail here.

[0092] Combine Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, optionally, the power supply control circuit further includes a fuse module, and the fuse module includes a fuse FU1.

[0093] like Figure 4 As shown, the fuse FU1 is connected in series between the power battery and the electrical load, and is disconnected when the current between the power battery and the electrical load exceeds a preset current.

[0094] Among them, fuse FU1 is used for overcurrent protection and lightning protection to prevent the connected high current from burning related components.

[0095] In other embodiments, the insurance module may also use other types of devices besides fuses, which will not be described in detail here.

[0096] like Figure 8 As shown, after the vehicle is powered on at low voltage, if the vehicle is powered on at high voltage successfully, the vehicle controller detects that any door is in the open state, the vehicle controller sets the battery's allowed discharge state and allowed feedback state to not allowed, the discharge and feedback power limits are 0, and the vehicle controller sends a high-voltage power-off signal to perform high-voltage power-off on the vehicle; if the vehicle is not powered on at high voltage, when the vehicle controller detects that any door is in the open state, the vehicle controller does not respond to the high-voltage power-on command and does not send a high-voltage power-on signal.

[0097] Among them, the "any door" mentioned above may refer to any escape door of the vehicle.

[0098] According to a second aspect of the present application, a power system is provided, comprising a power battery, an electrical load, and a power supply control circuit according to any one of the above embodiments, wherein a switch module in the power supply control circuit is electrically connected to the power battery and the electrical load, respectively.

[0099] The power system of this embodiment is equipped with a switch module that is linked to the open / closed state of the vehicle door. This module disconnects the power battery and the load when the vehicle door is open. In an emergency, people would open the vehicle door to escape, and the switch module simultaneously disconnects the high voltage. The entire process requires minimal operation time and is highly reliable.

[0100] According to a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising a power system according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0101] The vehicle of the present invention is equipped with a switch module that is linked to the door's open / closed state. This module disconnects the power battery and the load when the door is open. In an emergency, people would open the door to escape, and the switch module simultaneously disconnects the high voltage. This entire process requires minimal operation time and is highly reliable.

[0102] Among them, vehicles include new energy vehicles, electric-powered trains, etc.

[0103] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0104] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0105] The embodiments, implementation methods and related technical features of the present application can be combined and replaced with each other unless there is any conflict.

[0106] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not constitute any form of limitation to the present application. In the embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant content of other embodiments. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present application are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A power supply control circuit, characterized in that: Including switch module; The switch module is electrically connected to a power battery and an electrical load in the vehicle, respectively, and is used to disconnect the circuit between the power battery and the electrical load when the door of the vehicle is in an open state; The switch module includes a door travel switch arranged at the vehicle door; The door travel switch is electrically connected to the power battery and the electrical load respectively, and is used to be disconnected when the door is opened due to the drive of the door, so as to disconnect the line between the power battery and the electrical load.

2. The power supply control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The door travel switch includes a limit relay.

3. The power supply control circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The switch module also includes a controller and a main control switch; The main control switch is electrically connected to the controller, the power battery and the electrical load respectively, and is used to control the on / off of the circuit between the power battery and the electrical load under the drive of the controller.

4. The power supply control circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main control switch includes a main contactor, and the main contactor includes a coil and a contact; The first end of the coil is electrically connected to the controller, and the second end is grounded; The first end of the contact is electrically connected to the power battery, and the second end of the contact is electrically connected to the power load.

5. The power supply control circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The door travel switch is connected in series with the coil and is used to prevent the coil from being powered on in an off state, thereby disconnecting the circuit between the power battery and the electrical load.

6. The power supply control circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The switch module also includes a door status detection unit; The door state detection unit is electrically connected to the controller, and is used to detect the open and close state of the door and feed back the state to the controller; The controller is used to control the switch state of the main switch according to the switch state of the vehicle door.

7. The power supply control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The power supply control circuit also includes a soft start module; The soft start module is connected in series between the power battery and the electrical load, and is used to limit the current between the power battery and the electrical load within a preset time period after the power battery and the electrical load are connected.

8. The power supply control circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The soft start module includes a current limiting component, a first switch and a second switch; The current limiting component and the first switch are connected in series as a first branch between the power battery and the electrical load, and the second switch is connected in series as a second branch between the power battery and the electrical load; The second switch is turned on after the first switch is turned on for the preset time period.

9. The power supply control circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The current limiting component includes a current limiting resistor; and / or, the first switch comprises a first contactor; And / or, the second switch includes a second contactor.

10. The power supply control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The power supply control circuit also includes a fuse module; The fuse module is connected in series between the power battery and the electrical load, and is disconnected when the current between the power battery and the electrical load exceeds a preset current.

11. The power supply control circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The fuse module includes a fuse.

12. A power system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a power battery, an electrical load and the power supply control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the switch module in the power supply control circuit is electrically connected to the power battery and the electrical load respectively.

13. A vehicle, characterized in that: Including the power system described in claim 12.

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