Hydraulic quick coupler for excavator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator, which particularly relates to the technical field of excavator accessories and comprises a coupler body and a movable mechanism. The coupler body comprises a connecting frame, a pin shaft, a locking device, a pivot pin, a hydraulic cylinder, a hinged support pin, a locking pin and a safety pin; the two pin shafts are connected with the connecting frame through a movable mechanism; the locking device is connected with the connecting frame through a pivot pin and is used for fixing the working device; the hydraulic cylinder is rotationally connected with the connecting frame through a hinged support pin, and the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the locking device through a locking pin. The hydraulic control one-way valve is installed on the hydraulic cylinder and used for locking the hydraulic cylinder. The electromagnetic reversing valve is used for controlling the hydraulic cylinder to be disengaged and clamped. The safety pin is arranged on the connecting frame in a penetrating mode and makes contact with the locking device. The device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, safe and reliable, the efficiency of replacing the working device of the excavator can be remarkably improved, and the device has wide practical value and market prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of excavator accessories, and more particularly, to a hydraulic quick connector for an excavator. Background Art

[0002] An excavator, also known as an excavating machine or a backhoe, is an earth-moving machine that uses a bucket to dig materials above or below the bearing surface and load them into transport vehicles or unload them to a stockpile. The materials excavated by the excavator are mainly soil, coal, silt, and pre-loosened soil and rock. Judging from the development of construction machinery in recent years, the development of excavators has been relatively rapid. Excavators have become one of the most important construction machinery in engineering construction. The three most important parameters of an excavator are: operating weight (mass), engine power and bucket capacity.

[0003] For example, the Chinese utility model patent publication number CN212896540U provides an excavator quick connector, comprising a housing; an upper shaft fixedly connected to the top of the housing; a grab hook shaft located outside the upper shaft fixedly connected to the interior of the housing; a metal grab hook movably sleeved on the middle of the grab hook shaft; the two ends of the metal grab hook extend to the top and bottom of the housing, respectively; and a connecting mechanism disposed within the housing. This utility model provides a connecting mechanism within the housing to buffer the recoil force during operation, thereby achieving a buffering and shock-absorbing effect, avoiding the occurrence of hard wear, and extending the service life of the quick connector. It has a simple structure, is easy to assemble and disassemble, and does not require a hydraulic cylinder, thus reducing the cost of use and facilitating widespread use.

[0004] When replacing the working device of an existing excavator, it is usually necessary to manually disassemble and install the pin shaft, which is a cumbersome, inefficient, and unsafe process. In order to improve the working efficiency and safety of the excavator, it is necessary to provide a device that can quickly replace the working device. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that it is difficult to quickly replace the working device on the excavator.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator, comprising a coupler body and a movable mechanism; the coupler body comprises a connecting frame, a pin shaft, a locking device, a pivot pin, a hydraulic cylinder, a hinge pin, a locking pin, a hydraulically controlled one-way valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve and a safety pin; the two pin shafts are connected to the connecting frame through a movable mechanism, and the pin shaft is connected to the excavator; the locking device is connected to the connecting frame through a pivot pin, and the locking device is used to fix the working device; the hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the connecting frame through the hinge pin, and the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the locking device through the locking pin; the hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the locking device to realize rapid disengagement and installation of the working device; the hydraulically controlled one-way valve is installed on the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulically controlled one-way valve is used to lock the hydraulic cylinder; the electromagnetic reversing valve is used to control the disengagement and clamping of the hydraulic cylinder; the safety pin is passed through the connecting frame and contacts the locking device, and the safety pin is used to prevent the bayonet from disengaging.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the connector body also includes a cotter pin; the cotter pin is passed through the safety pin, and the cotter pin is used to fix the position of the safety pin.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the pin shaft includes an axle body and a shaft sleeve, the axle body is a T-shaped structure, and the opposite surfaces of the axle body and the shaft sleeve are in contact with two sides of the connecting frame.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the movable mechanism includes a plug-in component, an elastic component and a connecting component; the elastic component and the connecting component are both arranged in the plug-in component; the output end of the connecting component is connected to the input end of the elastic component.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the plug-in assembly includes a plug-in slot and a plug-in block; the plug-in slot is opened on the side of the shaft body close to the sleeve; the plug-in block is inserted into the plug-in slot, and the end of the plug-in block passes through the plug-in slot and is fixedly connected to the sleeve.

[0011] As a further solution of the present utility model: the elastic component includes a accommodating slot, a movable slot, a sliding block, a fixed plate, a limiting slot, a limiting block, a U-shaped frame, a movable rod, a fixed block and a fixed slot; a accommodating slot is provided in the shaft sleeve and the plug-in block; two movable slots are symmetrically provided on both sides of the inner wall of the accommodating slot; the sliding block is slidably arranged in the accommodating slot; the fixed plate is fixedly arranged in the movable slot; a limiting slot is provided on the sliding block; the two limiting blocks are symmetrically slid in the limiting slot; the U-shaped frame is slidably arranged in the movable slot, and the limiting block is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame; the movable rod is slidably passed through the fixed plate, and one end of the movable rod is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame; the fixed block is slidably arranged in the movable slot and fixedly connected to the other end of the movable rod, and the end of the fixed block passes through the movable slot and extends to the outside; two fixing slots are symmetrically provided on both sides of the inner wall of the plug-in slot; the fixed block is plugged into and matched with the fixed slot.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the limiting groove is a V-shaped structure, and the tip of the limiting groove is an arc-shaped end and is arranged close to the direction of the shaft body.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the elastic component further includes a spring; the spring is sleeved on the movable rod, and two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the fixed plate and the fixed block respectively.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the connecting assembly includes a connecting plate, a connecting groove, a connecting block and a rotating plate; the connecting plate is slidably arranged in the accommodating groove, and the end of the connecting plate extends to the outside through the accommodating groove; at least one connecting groove is opened on the connecting plate; the connecting block is slidably arranged in the connecting groove, and the end of the connecting block extends into the accommodating groove through the connecting groove; one end of the rotating plate is fixedly connected to the connecting block, and the other end is rotatably arranged in the accommodating groove through a rotating shaft.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the connecting groove is a diamond-shaped structure, and the diamond-shaped top end of the connecting groove is an inwardly concave arc structure, and the outer wall and the inner wall of the diamond-shaped top end and the bottom end of the connecting groove are staggered.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The utility model adopts a unique hydraulic design and structural design, which is mainly composed of a connecting frame, a locking device, a hydraulic cylinder, a pivot pin and other components. Since the quick connector will be subjected to a large impact load when the excavator is working, we use # steel quenched and tempered material at the bayonet. The hydraulic cylinder is equipped with a hydraulically controlled one-way valve to prevent it from falling off. In addition, a safety pin and a cotter pin are provided to prevent the bayonet from detaching. It has a dual protection effect when working. Compared with the existing technology, the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, safety and reliability, etc. It can significantly improve the efficiency of replacing the working device of the excavator and has broad practical value and market prospects.

[0018] 2. The utility model provides a plug-in slot and a plug-in block, and the shaft body passes through the excavator and the connecting frame at the same time until the shaft body contacts the side of the connecting frame. Then, the plug-in block is inserted into the plug-in slot and the plug-in block slides in the plug-in slot until the end face of the plug-in block contacts the inner side wall of the plug-in slot. At this time, the shaft sleeve contacts the other side of the connecting frame to realize the connection and installation of the connecting frame and the excavator.

[0019] The cam is pressed against the top of the support frame and the cam is pressed against the support frame to move relative to the support frame, so that the cam is pressed against the support frame and the support frame is moved relative to the support frame, thereby preventing the cam from sliding relative to the support frame. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reverse spigot quick connector of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top sectional view of the reverse spigot quick connector structure of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a split cross-sectional view of the pin structure of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial structural sectional view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the same-socket quick connector of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the same-socket quick connector structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 For the utility model Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 1. Connector body; 2. Movable mechanism; 3. Plug assembly; 4. Elastic assembly; 5. Connecting assembly;

[0030] 101. Connecting frame; 102. Pin; 103. Locking device; 104. Pivot pin; 105. Hydraulic cylinder; 106. Hinge pin; 107. Locking pin; 108. Safety pin; 109. Split pin;

[0031] 1021, shaft body; 1022, shaft sleeve;

[0032] 301, plug-in slot; 302, plug-in block;

[0033] 401, receiving slot; 402, movable slot; 403, sliding block; 404, fixed plate; 405, limiting slot; 406, limiting block; 407, U-shaped frame; 408, movable rod; 409, fixing block; 410, fixing slot; 411, spring;

[0034] 501, connecting plate; 502, connecting groove; 503, connecting block; 504, rotating plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, the utility model provides a hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator, comprising a coupler body 1 and a movable mechanism 2; the coupler body 1 comprises a connecting frame 101, a pin shaft 102, a locking device 103, a pivot pin 104, a hydraulic cylinder 105, a hinge pin 106, a locking pin 107, a hydraulically controlled one-way valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve, a safety pin 108 and a cotter pin 109; two pin shafts 102 are connected to the connecting frame 101 through the movable mechanism 2, and the pin shafts 102 are connected to the excavator. The locking device 103 is connected to the connecting frame 101 through the pivot pin 104, and the locking device 103 is used to fix the working device; the hydraulic cylinder 105 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 101 through the hinge pin 106, and the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder 105 is connected to the locking device 103 through the locking pin 107; the hydraulic cylinder 105 is used to drive the locking device 103 to achieve rapid disengagement and installation of the working device; the hydraulic control one-way valve is installed on the hydraulic cylinder 105, and the hydraulic control one-way valve is used to lock the hydraulic cylinder 105. The hydraulic cylinder 105; the electromagnetic reversing valve is used to control the disengagement and clamping of the hydraulic cylinder 105; the safety pin 108 is provided on the connecting frame 101 and contacts the locking device 103, and the safety pin 108 is used to prevent the bayonet from being disengaged; the cotter pin 109 is provided on the safety pin 108, and the cotter pin 109 is used to fix the position of the safety pin 108; the pin shaft 102 includes a shaft body 1021 and a shaft sleeve 1022, the shaft body 1021 is a T-shaped structure, and the shaft body 1021 and the shaft sleeve 1022 face each other. It contacts both sides of the connecting frame 101; it can quickly replace the working devices of the excavator, such as the bucket, breaker hammer, wood grabber, etc. It is driven by the hydraulic cylinder 105, locked by the hydraulically controlled one-way valve, and the electromagnetic reversing valve controls the disengagement and clamping. It is made of high-strength materials and is suitable for various models of 3-80 tons. It has a double insurance function to ensure safe use. There is no need to modify the excavator configuration parts. It is quick to install, improves work efficiency, saves time and effort, is simple and convenient, and is suitable for occasions where the working devices are frequently replaced.

[0037] The present invention adopts a unique hydraulic design and structural design, which is mainly composed of a connecting frame 101, a locking device 103, a hydraulic cylinder 105, a pivot pin 104 and other components. Since the quick connector will be subjected to a large impact load when the excavator is working, we use 45# steel quenched and tempered material at the bayonet. The hydraulic cylinder 105 is equipped with a hydraulically controlled one-way valve to prevent it from falling off. In addition, a safety pin 108 and a cotter pin 109 are provided to prevent the bayonet from detaching, which have a dual protection effect when working. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, safety and reliability, etc. It can significantly improve the efficiency of replacing the working device of the excavator and has broad practical value and market prospects.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment, the movable mechanism 2 includes a plug-in component 3, an elastic component 4 and a connecting component 5; the elastic component 4 and the connecting component 5 are both arranged in the plug-in component 3; the output end of the connecting component 5 is connected to the input end of the elastic component 4.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment, the plug-in assembly 3 includes a plug-in slot 301 and a plug-in block 302; a plug-in slot 301 is opened on the side of the shaft body 1021 close to the shaft sleeve 1022; the plug-in block 302 is inserted into the plug-in slot 301, and the end of the plug-in block 302 passes through the plug-in slot 301 and is fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve 1022.

[0040] The utility model sets the plug-in slot 301 and the plug-in block 302, and the shaft body 1021 passes through the excavator and the connecting frame 101 at the same time until the shaft body 1021 contacts the side of the connecting frame 101, and then, the plug-in block 302 is inserted into the plug-in slot 301, so that the plug-in block 302 slides in the plug-in slot 301 until the end face of the plug-in block 302 contacts the inner side wall of the plug-in slot 301. At this time, the shaft sleeve 1022 contacts the other side of the connecting frame 101 to realize the connection and installation of the connecting frame 101 and the excavator.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, the elastic component 4 includes a receiving groove 401, a movable groove 402, a sliding block 403, a fixed plate 404, a limiting groove 405, a limiting block 406, a U-shaped frame 407, a movable rod 408, a fixed block 409, a fixed groove 410 and a spring 411; a receiving groove 401 is provided in the shaft sleeve 1022 and the plug-in block 302; two movable grooves 402 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the inner wall of the receiving groove 401; the sliding block 403 is slidably provided in the receiving groove 401; the fixed plate 404 is fixed in the movable groove 402; a limiting groove 405 is provided on the sliding block 403; two limiting blocks 406 are symmetrically slidably provided in the limiting groove 405; the U-shaped frame 407 is slidably provided in the movable groove 402, and the limiting blocks 406 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame 407; the movable rod 408 is slidably provided on the fixed plate 404, and one end of the movable rod 408 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame 407; the fixed block 409 is slidably provided in the movable groove 402 and is fixedly connected to the other end of the movable rod 408, and the end of the fixed block 409 extends to the outside through the movable groove 402; two fixed grooves 410 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the inner wall of the plug-in groove 301; the fixed block 409 is plugged into the fixed groove 410; the limiting groove 405 is a V-shaped structure, and the tip of the limiting groove 405 is an arc-shaped end and is arranged close to the direction of the shaft body 1021; the spring 411 is sleeved on the movable rod 408, and the two ends of the spring 411 are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed plate 404 and the fixed block 409;

[0042] The connecting assembly 5 includes a connecting plate 501, a connecting groove 502, a connecting block 503 and a rotating plate 504; the connecting plate 501 is slidably arranged in the receiving groove 401, and the end of the connecting plate 501 passes through the receiving groove 401 and extends to the outside; two connecting grooves 502 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the connecting plate 501; the connecting block 503 is slidably arranged in the connecting groove 502, and the end of the connecting block 503 passes through the connecting groove 502 and extends into the receiving groove 401; one end of the rotating plate 504 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 503, and the other end is rotatably arranged in the receiving groove 401 through a rotating shaft; the connecting groove 502 is a diamond shaped structure, and the rhombus top of the connecting groove 502 is an inwardly concave arc structure, and the outer walls and inner walls of the rhombus top and bottom of the connecting groove 502 are staggered; when the connecting block 503 slides to the side end of the connecting groove 502, the side surface of the connecting plate 501 is in the accommodating groove 401, the end face of the sliding block 403 does not contact the inner wall of the accommodating groove 401, and the end face of the fixed block 409 does not contact the inner wall of the fixed groove 410; when the connecting block 503 slides to the concave end of the connecting groove 502, the side surface of the connecting plate 501 and the side surface of the shaft sleeve 1022 are on the same vertical plane, and the fixed block 409 is plugged into the fixed groove 410.

[0043] The utility model is provided with an elastic component 4 and a connecting component 5, and by pressing the connecting plate 501, the connecting plate 501 drives the sliding block 403 to slide in the receiving groove 401, so that the connecting block 503 slides from the tip of the connecting groove 502 to the side end of the connecting groove 502, and the rotating plate 504 rotates in the receiving groove 401 through the rotating shaft, so that the inner wall of the limiting groove 405 squeezes the limiting block 406, so that the two limiting blocks 406 slide away from each other in the limiting groove 405, so that the U-shaped frame 407 slides in the movable groove 402, and the movable rod 408 slides on the fixed plate 404, so that the fixed The block 409 slides in the movable groove 402, causing the spring 411 to be stretched under force until the connecting block 503 slides to the concave end of the connecting groove 502. At this time, the connecting plate 501 and the sliding block 403 are fixed in their positions in the accommodating groove 401, and the fixed block 409 is plugged into the fixed groove 410, so that the connection between the shaft body 1021 and the shaft sleeve 1022 is more stable. Compared with the use of traditional bolt fixation, the utility model can not only avoid the shaking of the shaft body 1021 when connecting the excavator and the connecting frame 101, but also improve the connection efficiency of the excavator and the connecting frame 101, which is convenient and quick.

[0044] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when in use, the shaft body 1021 passes through the excavator and the connecting frame 101 at the same time until the shaft body 1021 contacts the side of the connecting frame 101, then the plug-in block 302 is inserted into the plug-in slot 301, and the plug-in block 302 slides in the plug-in slot 301 until the end face of the plug-in block 302 contacts the inner wall of the plug-in slot 301. At this time, the shaft sleeve 1022 contacts the other side of the connecting frame 101, and then, the connecting plate 501 is pressed, so that the connecting plate 501 drives the sliding block 403 to slide in the receiving slot 401. The connecting block 503 slides from the tip of the connecting groove 502 to the side of the connecting groove 502, and the rotating plate 504 rotates in the accommodating groove 401 through the rotating shaft, so that the inner wall of the limiting groove 405 squeezes the limiting block 406, and the two limiting blocks 406 slide away from each other in the limiting groove 405, so that the U-shaped frame 407 slides in the movable groove 402, the movable rod 408 slides on the fixed plate 404, and the fixed block 409 slides in the movable groove 402, so that the spring 411 is stretched under the force until the connecting block 503 slides to the connecting groove 50 2 side end, at this time, the fixed block 409 slides into the fixed groove 410, and then, the connecting plate 501 is no longer pressed. At this time, the spring 411 is no longer under force and begins to contract, causing the fixed block 409 to slide in the opposite direction in the movable groove 402, causing the movable rod 408 to slide in the opposite direction on the fixed plate 404, causing the U-shaped frame 407 to slide in the opposite direction in the movable groove 402, causing the two limit blocks 406 to slide relative to each other in the limit groove 405, and causing the sliding block 403 to drive the connecting plate 501 to slide in the opposite direction in the accommodating groove 401. , so that the connecting block 503 slides from the side end of the connecting groove 502 to the concave end of the connecting groove 502, so that the rotating plate 504 rotates in the receiving groove 401 through the rotating shaft until the connecting block 503 slides to the concave end of the connecting groove 502. At this time, the positions of the connecting plate 501 and the sliding block 403 in the receiving groove 401 are fixed, and the fixing block 409 is plugged into the fixing groove 410, so that the connection between the shaft body 1021 and the shaft sleeve 1022 is more stable. Subsequently, the locking device 103 is fixed by the hydraulic cylinder 105.

[0045] When the shaft body 1021 and the shaft sleeve 1022 need to be disassembled, the connecting plate 501 is pressed, so that the connecting plate 501 drives the sliding block 403 to slide in the receiving groove 401, so that the connecting block 503 slides from the concave end of the connecting groove 502 to the other side end of the connecting groove 502, so that the rotating plate 504 rotates in the receiving groove 401 through the rotating shaft, so that the inner wall of the limiting groove 405 squeezes the limiting block 406, so that the two limiting blocks 406 are in the limiting groove 405. The two slide in opposite directions, causing the U-shaped frame 407 to slide in the movable groove 402, causing the movable rod 408 to slide on the fixed plate 404, causing the fixed block 409 to slide in the movable groove 402 and the fixed groove 410, causing the spring 411 to be stretched under force until the connecting block 503 slides to the other side of the connecting groove 502. At this time, the connecting plate 501 is released, the spring 411 is no longer under force and begins to contract, causing the fixed block 409 to move in the opposite direction in the movable groove 402. 2, and the two limiting blocks 406 slide relatively in the limiting grooves 405, so that the sliding block 403 drives the connecting plate 501 to slide in the opposite direction in the receiving groove 401, so that the connecting block 503 slides from the other side end of the connecting groove 502 to the tip of the connecting groove 502, and the rotating plate 504 rotates in the receiving groove 401 through the rotating shaft until the connecting block 503 slides to the tip of the connecting groove 502. At this time, the fixed block 409 falls off the plug-in with the fixed groove 410, and then, the shaft sleeve 1022 is moved away from the shaft body 1021, so that the plug-in block 302 slides in the opposite direction in the plug-in groove 301 until the plug-in block 302 slides out of the plug-in groove 301, and then, the shaft body 1021 is pulled out from between the excavator and the connecting frame 101.

[0046] The hydraulic cylinder 105 is a conventional instrument. Its working principle, size and model are irrelevant to the problem solved by this application, so no further description will be given. The control method of the present invention is controlled by a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by technicians in this field. The provision of power is also common knowledge in this field. In addition, the present invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail in this invention.

[0047] Finally, a few points should be explained: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, and may refer to mechanical or electrical connections, internal communication between two components, or direct connection. "Up," "down," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute positions of the objects being described change, the relative positional relationships may also change.

[0048] Secondly: The drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this utility model only involve structures related to the embodiments disclosed in this utility model. Other structures can refer to common designs. In the absence of conflicts, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the utility model can be combined with each other.

[0049] The above is only a preferred specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a connector body (1) and a movable mechanism (2); the connector body (1) comprises a connecting frame (101), a pin shaft (102), a locking device (103), a pivot pin (104), a hydraulic cylinder (105), a hinge pin (106), a locking pin (107), a hydraulically controlled one-way valve, an electromagnetic reversing valve and a safety pin (108); the two pin shafts (102) are connected to the connecting frame (101) through the movable mechanism (2), and the pin shafts (102) are connected to the excavator; the locking device (103) is connected to the connecting frame (101) through the pivot pin (104), and the locking device (103) is used to fix the working device; the hydraulic cylinder (1 05) is rotatably connected to the connecting frame (101) through a hinge pin (106), and the piston end of the hydraulic cylinder (105) is connected to the locking device (103) through a locking pin (107); the hydraulic cylinder (105) is used to drive the locking device (103) to achieve rapid disengagement and installation of the working device; the hydraulically controlled one-way valve is installed on the hydraulic cylinder (105), and the hydraulically controlled one-way valve is used to lock the hydraulic cylinder (105); the electromagnetic reversing valve is used to control the disengagement and clamping of the hydraulic cylinder (105); the safety pin (108) is passed through the connecting frame (101) and contacts the locking device (103), and the safety pin (108) is used to prevent the bayonet from disengaging.

2. The hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector body (1) further comprises a split pin (109); the split pin (109) is passed through the safety pin (108), and the split pin (109) is used to fix the position of the safety pin (108).

3. The hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pin shaft (102) comprises an axle body (1021) and a shaft sleeve (1022); the axle body (1021) is a T-shaped structure, and the opposite surfaces of the axle body (1021) and the shaft sleeve (1022) are in contact with both sides of the connecting frame (101).

4. The hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable mechanism (2) comprises a plug-in assembly (3), an elastic assembly (4) and a connecting assembly (5); the elastic assembly (4) and the connecting assembly (5) are both arranged in the plug-in assembly (3); and the output end of the connecting assembly (5) is connected to the input end of the elastic assembly (4).

5. The hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plug-in assembly (3) comprises a plug-in slot (301) and a plug-in block (302); the plug-in slot (301) is provided on one side of the shaft body (1021) close to the shaft sleeve (1022); the plug-in block (302) is inserted into the plug-in slot (301), and the end of the plug-in block (302) passes through the plug-in slot (301) and is fixedly connected to the shaft sleeve (1022).

6. The hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic component (4) comprises a receiving groove (401), a movable groove (402), a sliding block (403), a fixed plate (404), a limiting groove (405), a limiting block (406), a U-shaped frame (407), a movable rod (408), a fixed block (409) and a fixed groove (410); the shaft sleeve (1022) and the plug-in block (302) are provided with a receiving groove (401); two movable grooves (402) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the inner wall of the receiving groove (401); the sliding block (403) is slidably provided in the receiving groove (401); the fixed plate (404) is fixed in the movable groove (402); the sliding block (403) is provided with a limiting groove (405); the two limiting blocks (406) The U-shaped frame (407) is symmetrically slidably arranged in the limit groove (405); the U-shaped frame (407) is slidably arranged in the movable groove (402), and the limit block (406) is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame (407); the movable rod (408) is slidably passed through the fixed plate (404), and one end of the movable rod (408) is fixedly connected to the U-shaped frame (407); the fixed block (409) is slidably arranged in the movable groove (402) and is fixedly connected to the other end of the movable rod (408), and the end of the fixed block (409) passes through the movable groove (402) and extends to the outside; two fixed grooves (410) are symmetrically opened on both sides of the inner wall of the plug-in groove (301); the fixed block (409) is plugged into and matched with the fixed groove (410).

7. The hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting groove (405) is a V-shaped structure, and the tip of the limiting groove (405) is an arc-shaped end and is arranged close to the direction of the shaft body (1021).

8. The hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The elastic component (4) further comprises a spring (411); the spring (411) is sleeved on the movable rod (408), and two ends of the spring (411) are fixedly connected to the fixed plate (404) and the fixed block (409) respectively.

9. The hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting assembly (5) comprises a connecting plate (501), a connecting groove (502), a connecting block (503) and a rotating plate (504); the connecting plate (501) is slidably arranged in the receiving groove (401), and an end portion of the connecting plate (501) passes through the receiving groove (401) and extends to the outside; At least one connecting groove (502) is provided on the connecting plate (501); the connecting block (503) is slidably arranged in the connecting groove (502), and the end of the connecting block (503) passes through the connecting groove (502) and extends into the receiving groove (401); one end of the rotating plate (504) is fixedly connected to the connecting block (503), and the other end is rotatably arranged in the receiving groove (401) via a rotating shaft.

10. The hydraulic quick coupler for an excavator according to claim 9, characterized in that: The connecting groove (502) is a diamond-shaped structure, and the top of the diamond-shaped connecting groove (502) is an inwardly concave arc structure. The outer wall and the inner wall of the top and bottom of the diamond-shaped connecting groove (502) are arranged alternately.

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