Universe double-point light source interference experiment device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a global double-point light source interference experiment device, which relates to the technical field of optical experiment equipment, and comprises a wedge unit, a rotating platform, a fixed gear, a rotating gear, an optical fiber and an observation tool, the wedge unit is arranged at the central position of the top of the rotating platform, the fixed gear is arranged below the rotating platform, and the rotating gear is arranged below the optical fiber. The rotating platform rotates around the axis of the fixed gear, the fixed gear is engaged with a rotating gear, the rotating gear is coaxially and fixedly provided with a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is rotationally arranged on the rotating platform and extends to the position above the rotating platform to be connected with an optical fiber, and the output end of the optical fiber is located in the axis extending direction of the first rotating shaft; according to the utility model, along with the rotation of the rotating platform, the image presented at the observation tool continuously changes from the annular interference fringes to the linear interference fringes, thereby realizing the global change observation of the interference fringes, and improving the teaching effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of optical experimental equipment, in particular to a full-area double-point light source interference experimental device. Background Art

[0002] In university physics or optics course teaching, studying the interference phenomenon of two point light sources is an important basis for studying the interference of light. In the past, the interference experiments of two point light sources mainly included Young's double-hole interference experiment and Michelson's interference experiment. Among them, Young's double-hole interference experiment can only reflect the interference characteristics of two point sources in the direction perpendicular to the connecting line, while the Michelson interference experiment mainly reflects the interference characteristics of two point sources in the direction of the extension line of the connecting line.

[0003] At present, in order to use one device to reflect multiple interference characteristics, a dual-point light source interference experimental device has been proposed. This experimental device uses an optical fiber to output a laser as a point light source, which forms two virtual point light sources after reflection from a wedge tip. It can be used to study experiments similar to Young's double-hole interference experiment and Michelson interference experiment. However, this experimental device still cannot study the continuous change process from annular interference fringes to linear interference fringes in dual-point light source interference, and the teaching effect is poor.

[0004] Therefore, people are in urgent need of a full-area dual-point light source interference experimental device that can realize the observation of full-area changes in interference fringes and has good teaching effects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a global dual-point light source interference experimental device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. By utilizing the setting of fixed gears and rotating gears, when the rotating platform drives the wedge unit to rotate, the optical fiber realizes revolution and rotation, thereby completing the change of the angle of the wedge unit and the change of the angle between the optical fiber and the wedge unit. When the rotating platform rotates, the observation tool can be used to obtain the global change of the interference fringes, thereby improving the teaching effect.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a full-field dual-point light source interference experimental device, including a wedge unit, a rotating platform, a fixed gear, a rotating gear, an optical fiber and an observation tool, the wedge unit is arranged at the top center position of the rotating platform, the fixed gear is arranged below the rotating platform, the rotating platform rotates around the axis of the fixed gear, the fixed gear is engaged with the rotating gear, a first rotating shaft is coaxially fixed on the rotating gear, the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the rotating platform, the first rotating shaft extends above the rotating platform and is connected to the optical fiber, the output end of the optical fiber is located in the extension direction of the axis of the first rotating shaft, the output end of the optical fiber is arranged corresponding to the wedge unit, and the observation tool is located on the light reflection path of the wedge unit.

[0007] Preferably, the fixed gear is fixedly arranged on the top of the base.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the base and the bottom of the observation tool are both slidably connected to the optical bench.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the base and the bottom of the observation tool are both provided with a first locking bolt for locking their positions relative to the optical bench.

[0010] Preferably, a through hole is provided in the middle of the fixed gear, a second rotating shaft is provided at the bottom of the rotating platform, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably provided in the through hole.

[0011] Preferably, a vertical pole is provided on the rotating platform, a transversely arranged pressure rod is rotatably provided on the vertical pole, a second locking bolt for locking its position relative to the vertical pole is provided on the pressure rod, the pressure rod extends to above the splitting unit, and a tightening bolt for tightening the splitting unit is provided at the position of the pressure rod corresponding to the splitting unit.

[0012] Preferably, the splitting unit includes an adjusting device, a tension spring, a first fixed frame, a first glass sheet, a second fixed frame and a second glass sheet, the first glass sheet is fixedly arranged in the first fixed frame, the second glass sheet is fixedly arranged in the second fixed frame, the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet are arranged in a V shape with one end contacting each other, one end of the tension spring is connected to the first fixed frame, and the other end is connected to the second fixed frame, and the adjusting device is used to adjust the angle between the second glass sheet and the first glass sheet.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting device is a micrometer screw, which is arranged corresponding to the opening sides of the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet, the fixed sleeve of the micrometer screw is fixedly connected to the second fixed frame, and the free end of the measuring rod of the micrometer screw abuts against the first fixed frame.

[0014] Preferably, the observation tool is an observation screen or a camera.

[0015] Preferably, the optical fiber is arranged on a mounting thin plate, a connecting portion is extended from one side of the mounting thin plate, the connecting portion is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, and the output end of the optical fiber is higher than the top of the first rotating shaft.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0017] When the observation tool is stationary and the rotating platform rotates, the wedge unit corresponds to the observation tool with different reflection paths. During the rotation of the rotating platform, the optical fiber will rotate on its own due to the rotation transmitted by the rotating gear while the rotating platform revolves around the axis of the fixed gear. That is, as the wedge unit rotates, the optical fiber corresponds to the wedge unit at different angles. As the rotating platform rotates, the image presented at the observation tool continuously changes from annular interference fringes to linear interference fringes, realizing the global change observation of the interference fringes and improving the teaching effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a global double-point light source interference experimental device in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a wedge unit in an embodiment of the present invention, in which the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet are not shown;

[0021] Figure 3 A top view of a split tip unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the splitting unit and the optical fiber rotating in coordination in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the global double-point light source interference experimental device in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Among them, 1. Splitting unit; 2. Rotating platform; 3. Fixed gear; 4. Rotating gear; 5. Optical fiber; 6. Observation tool; 7. First rotating axis; 8. Base; 9. First locking bolt; 10. Second rotating axis; 11. Vertical pole; 12. Pressure rod; 13. Second locking bolt; 14. Tightening bolt; 15. Micrometer screw; 16. Tension spring; 17. First fixed frame; 18. Second fixed frame; 19. First glass sheet; 20. Second glass sheet; 21. Mounting plate; 22. Connecting part; 23. Optical fixture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a global double-point light source interference experimental device to solve the problems existing in the prior art. By utilizing the setting of fixed gears and rotating gears, when the rotating platform drives the wedge unit to rotate, the optical fiber realizes revolution and rotation, thereby completing the change of the angle of the wedge unit and the change of the angle between the optical fiber and the wedge unit. When the rotating platform rotates, the observation tool can be used to obtain the global change of the interference fringes, thereby improving the teaching effect.

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4As shown, a full-field dual-point light source interference experimental device is provided, including a splitting unit 1, a rotating platform 2, a fixed gear 3, a rotating gear 4, an optical fiber 5 and an observation tool 6. The splitting unit 1 is arranged at the top center position of the rotating platform 2, and a fixed gear 3 is arranged below the rotating platform 2. The fixed gear 3 is fixed in a fixed position, and the rotating platform 2 rotates around the axis of the fixed gear 3. The fixed gear 3 is engaged with the rotating gear 4. A first rotating shaft 7 is coaxially fixed on the rotating gear 4, and the first rotating shaft 7 is rotatably set on the rotating platform 2. In this embodiment, the rotation setting method is: a bearing is provided on the rotating platform 2, and the first rotating shaft 7 is rotatably set on the rotating platform 2 through the bearing, which not only completes the rotation connection, but also uses the bearing to prevent the first rotating shaft 7 from being unable to stably remain on the rotating platform 2 due to gravity. The first rotating shaft 7 extends to the top of the rotating platform 2 and is connected to the optical fiber 5. The output end of the optical fiber 5 It is located in the axial extension direction of the first rotating axis 7 to ensure that the distance between the output end of the optical fiber 5 and the wedge unit 1 will not change with the rotation. The output end of the optical fiber 5 is set corresponding to the wedge unit 1, and the observation tool 6 is located on the light reflection path of the wedge unit 1; the principle of this device is: when the observation tool 6 is stationary, when the rotating platform 2 rotates, the wedge unit 1 corresponds to the observation tool 6 with a different reflection path, and in the process of rotation of the rotating platform 2, the optical fiber 5 will complete its own rotation due to the rotation transmitted by the rotating gear 4 while the rotating platform 2 revolves around the axis of the fixed gear 3, that is, as the wedge unit 1 rotates, the optical fiber 5 corresponds to the wedge unit 1 at different angles; as the rotating platform 2 rotates, the image presented at the observation tool 6 continuously changes from annular interference fringes to linear interference fringes, realizing the global change observation of the interference fringes and improving the teaching effect.

[0029] The fixed gear 3 is fixedly arranged on the top of the base 8 , and the base 8 provides support and a mounting base surface for the fixed gear 3 .

[0030] In order to facilitate adjustment of the distance between the wedge unit 1 and the observation tool 6 , the bottom of the base 8 and the bottom of the observation tool 6 are both slidably connected to the optical bench 23 by means of a slide rail and a slide groove.

[0031] Scale lines are provided along the length direction of the optical bench 23 to facilitate observation of the distance between the wedge unit 1 and the observation tool 6 .

[0032] In order to prevent accidental touch from causing changes in the positions of the splitting unit 1 and the observation tool 6, a first locking bolt 9 for locking their positions relative to the optical bench 23 is provided at the bottom of the base 8 and the bottom of the observation tool 6. Specifically: the slide rail is provided on the optical bench 23, and the bottom of the splitting unit 1 and the observation tool 6 are provided with a slide groove that cooperates with the slide rail, and the slide groove is threaded with a first locking bolt 9. By screwing the first locking bolt 9, the end of the first locking bolt 9 is squeezed onto the slide rail, and the position locking is completed by friction.

[0033] In order to ensure the rotational stability of the rotating platform 2, a through hole is set in the middle of the fixed gear 3, and a second rotating shaft 10 is fixedly or rotatably set at the bottom of the rotating platform 2. The second rotating shaft 10 matches the through hole. The second rotating shaft 10 is rotatably set in the through hole, and the fixed gear 3 can limit the second rotating shaft 10 circumferentially.

[0034] On the basis of setting the through hole, a rotation groove can be set in the base 8. The rotation groove corresponds to the through hole and matches the second rotation axis 10. The second rotation axis 10 extends into the rotation groove after passing through the through hole, which can further improve the rotation stability of the rotating platform 2.

[0035] A locking bolt can be provided on the base 8 for locking the position of the second rotating shaft 10 in the rotating groove by squeezing and friction, so as to prevent the rotating platform 2 from rotating when the device is being carried. If the second rotating shaft 10 is fixed on the rotating platform 2, it is necessary to loosen the locking bolt during the experiment to prevent it from affecting the normal rotation of the rotating platform 2.

[0036] A base can also be set at the bottom of the observation tool 6. When the base is set, the base is slidably connected to the optical base 23. A rotating rod is set at the bottom of the observation tool 6, and a groove body matching the rotating rod is set on the base. The rotating rod rotates in the groove body, and a locking bolt is set on the base body to lock the relative position of the rotating rod and the groove body through extrusion and friction. The height and angle of the observation tool 6 can be adjusted by loosening the locking bolt.

[0037] In order to improve the installation stability of the splitting unit 1, a vertical pole 11 is provided on the rotating platform 2. The vertical pole 11 is in the shape of a round pole. A transversely arranged pressure rod 12 is rotatably provided on the vertical pole 11. The pressure rod 12 is provided with a second locking bolt 13. The second locking bolt 13 locks its position relative to the vertical pole 11 by extrusion and friction. The pressure rod 12 extends to the top of the splitting unit 1. The pressure rod 12 is provided with a tightening bolt 14 for tightening the splitting unit 1 at the position corresponding to the splitting unit 1. After adjusting the position of the pressure rod 12, the position of the pressure rod 12 is locked by the second locking bolt 13, and then the tightening bolt 14 is turned so that the end of the tightening bolt 14 abuts against the top of the splitting unit 1 to complete the fixation of the position of the splitting unit 1.

[0038] The splitting unit 1 includes an adjusting device, a tension spring 16, a first fixed frame 17, a first glass sheet 19, a second fixed frame 18 and a second glass sheet 20. The first glass sheet 19 is fixedly arranged in the first fixed frame 17, and the second glass sheet 20 is fixedly arranged in the second fixed frame 18. The first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20 are arranged in a V shape with one end contacting each other. One end of the tension spring 16 is connected to the first fixed frame 17, and the other end is connected to the second fixed frame 18. The adjusting device is used to adjust the angle between the second glass sheet 20 and the first glass sheet 19. The tension spring 16 is arranged near the opening side of the first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20. Preferably, a tension spring 16 is provided between the two fixed frames on both sides of the glass sheet.

[0039] In this embodiment, the adjustment device is a micrometer screw 15. The micrometer screw 15 is arranged corresponding to the opening side of the first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20. The fixed sleeve of the micrometer screw 15 is fixedly connected to the second fixed frame 18. The free end of the measuring rod of the micrometer screw 15 abuts against the first fixed frame 17. By rotating the micrometer screw 15, the position of the free end of the measuring rod changes, overcoming the tension of the tension spring 16 to increase the angle between the first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20, or under the influence of the tension of the tension spring 16, the angle between the first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20 becomes smaller.

[0040] The observation tool 6 is an observation screen or a camera. The observation screen can directly display the changes in the interference fringes, while the camera needs to shoot and record or observe the changes in the interference fringes in real time.

[0041] In this embodiment, the optical fiber 5 is arranged on the mounting plate 21, and a connecting portion 22 is extended from one side of the mounting plate 21. The connecting portion 22 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 7. The output end of the optical fiber 5 is higher than the top of the first rotating shaft 7 to ensure that the light is not blocked by the first rotating shaft 7.

[0042] The first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20 are both made of wedge-shaped glass or right-angle prisms.

[0043] During actual use, the air wedge between the first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20 is at an angle of approximately 45° to the optical bench 23, the output end of the optical fiber 5 is roughly perpendicular to the optical bench 23 (at an angle of approximately 45° to the wedge), the light beam is irradiated near the top of the wedge unit 1, and the position of the wedge is fine-tuned (still keeping the angle between the wedge unit 1 and the optical bench 23 unchanged) so that the reflected light spot is in the center of the observation tool 6, and then the angle between the wedge unit 1 and the optical bench 23 is fine-tuned until clear annular interference fringes are observed.

[0044] When the rotating platform 2 rotates counterclockwise through an angle θ, the split tip unit 1 fixed to the rotating platform 2 by the pressure rod 12 also rotates counterclockwise through an angle θ; since the first rotating shaft 7 rotates on the rotating platform 2 through the bearing, the output end of the optical fiber 5 will revolve around the second rotating shaft 10 and rotate counterclockwise through an angle θ; and since the rotating gear 4 and the fixed gear 3 are meshed with each other, when the rotating shaft of the optical fiber 5 mounting plate 21 rotates with the platform, the rotating gear 4 on the rotating shaft will mesh and rotate around the circumference of the fixed gear 3, so that the output end of the optical fiber 5 will rotate around the first rotating shaft 10. The rotating shaft 7 rotates counterclockwise by an angle θ, so the output end of the optical fiber 5 rotates counterclockwise by an angle 2θ relative to the optical bench 23. During this process, its wedge unit 1 always reflects light toward the observation tool 6, and the interference fringes can be observed to move on the observation tool 6. The shape of the interference fringes gradually changes from circular interference fringes to arc-shaped interference fringes, and the curvature radius of the arc-shaped interference fringes becomes larger and larger until the arc-shaped interference fringes become straight interference fringes. The entire process shows the global change of the interference fringes of the two-point light sources when the distance remains unchanged.

[0045] By adjusting the micrometer screw 15 to change the thickness of the air wedge and thus change the distance d between the two virtual light sources, it can be observed that the annular interference fringes fluctuate or the intervals between the linear interference fringes change.

[0046] The experimental principle diagram of this device is shown in Figure 5 As shown, S represents the output end of the optical fiber 5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 are incident light rays, 1', 1", 2', 2", 3', 3", 4', and 4" are reflected light rays, θ is the angle between 1' and 1", S1 and S2 represent two virtual light sources formed by the wedge unit 1 reflecting the light emitted from the optical fiber 5, d represents the distance between the point light source S1 and the point light source S2, D1 represents the distance between the point light source S1 and the point light source S2 and the wedge in the wedge unit 14 (i.e., the contact point between the first glass sheet 19 and the second glass sheet 20), and D2 represents the distance from the wedge in the wedge unit 14 to the observation tool 6.

[0047] Adaptive changes based on actual needs are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0048] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from all perspectives, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim to which they relate.

[0049] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A global double-point light source interference experimental device, characterized in that: It includes a splitting unit, a rotating platform, a fixed gear, a rotating gear, an optical fiber and an observation tool. The splitting unit is arranged at the top center position of the rotating platform, the fixed gear is arranged below the rotating platform, the rotating platform rotates around the axis of the fixed gear, the fixed gear is engaged with the rotating gear, a first rotating shaft is coaxially fixed on the rotating gear, the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the rotating platform, the first rotating shaft extends above the rotating platform and is connected to the optical fiber, the output end of the optical fiber is located in the extension direction of the axis of the first rotating shaft, the output end of the optical fiber is arranged corresponding to the splitting unit, and the observation tool is located on the light reflection path of the splitting unit.

2. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed gear is fixedly arranged on the top of the base.

3. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the base and the bottom of the observation tool are both slidably connected to the optical bench.

4. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the base and the bottom of the observation tool are both provided with a first locking bolt for locking their positions relative to the optical bench.

5. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole is provided in the middle of the fixed gear, and a second rotating shaft is provided at the bottom of the rotating platform. The second rotating shaft is rotatably provided in the through hole.

6. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical pole is provided on the rotating platform, a horizontally arranged pressure rod is rotatably provided on the vertical pole, a second locking bolt for locking its position relative to the vertical pole is provided on the pressure rod, the pressure rod extends to above the splitting unit, and a tightening bolt for tightening the splitting unit is provided on the pressure rod at a position corresponding to the splitting unit.

7. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The splitting unit includes an adjusting device, a tension spring, a first fixed frame, a first glass sheet, a second fixed frame and a second glass sheet. The first glass sheet is fixedly arranged in the first fixed frame, and the second glass sheet is fixedly arranged in the second fixed frame. The first glass sheet and the second glass sheet are arranged in a V shape with one end contacting each other. One end of the tension spring is connected to the first fixed frame, and the other end is connected to the second fixed frame. The adjusting device is used to adjust the angle between the second glass sheet and the first glass sheet.

8. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjusting device is a micrometer screw, which is arranged corresponding to the opening side of the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet. The fixing sleeve of the micrometer screw is fixedly connected to the second fixed frame, and the free end of the measuring rod of the micrometer screw abuts against the first fixed frame.

9. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation tool is an observation screen or a camera.

10. The global double-point light source interference experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical fiber is arranged on a mounting plate. A connecting portion is extended from one side of the mounting plate. The connecting portion is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft. The output end of the optical fiber is higher than the top of the first rotating shaft.

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