Gas mixing device of fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model provides a gas mixing device of a fuel cell, which relates to the technical field of fuel cells and comprises a three-way valve used for collecting gases from different sources and conveying the gases into a Tesla valve; the Tesla valve is used for preventing the mixed gas from flowing back and ensuring that the gas smoothly passes through when flowing forwards; the mixer is used for fully mixing gases from different sources; the three-way valve is connected with the Tesla valve through a clamp structure, and the Tesla valve is connected with the mixer through a clamp structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of fuel cell technology, and specifically relates to a fuel cell gas mixing device. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cells, as highly efficient and environmentally friendly energy conversion devices, have been extensively researched and developed in recent years. They primarily use hydrogen and oxygen as reactants, generating electricity through chemical reactions within the fuel cell. They offer significant advantages such as low noise, high energy conversion efficiency, and a clean, environmentally friendly design. Advances in fuel cell technology are not only driving innovation in the energy sector but also providing new solutions for transportation, portable power, and other fields.

[0003] In practical fuel cell applications, the stability and purity of hydrogen concentration are crucial to fuel cell performance. During fuel cell development, nitrogen tolerance testing is often necessary to assess the fuel cell's adaptability to varying conditions. This test typically involves mixing a certain percentage of nitrogen into the hydrogen in the anode circuit and then passing it through the fuel cell to simulate the nitrogen intrusion conditions encountered during actual operation.

[0004] There are two main ways to prepare the gas source when conducting nitrogen tolerance tests:

[0005] Using a cylinder with a specific ratio of hydrogen and nitrogen: In this method, the cylinder is pre-mixed with a certain ratio of hydrogen and nitrogen and can be used directly as the test gas source. However, this cylinder can only provide a fixed ratio of mixed gas. If a test with a different ratio is required, a different cylinder must be replaced, which not only increases the cost of the test but also reduces the flexibility of the test.

[0006] Using pure hydrogen and pure nitrogen mixed in a specific ratio: This method can meet different test requirements by adjusting the ratio of hydrogen and nitrogen. However, the existing mixing method has two shortcomings:

[0007] No gas mixing device: Hydrogen and nitrogen are directly mixed and then introduced into the fuel cell. Due to the lack of an effective gas mixing device, the mixing effect is poor, which may lead to inaccurate test results.

[0008] Using a gas mixing tank: Although setting up a gas mixing tank before the fuel cell can improve the mixing effect, it is still difficult to achieve sufficient mixing due to the limitations of the tank design. Especially when multiple gases need to be mixed, the mixing effect will be further reduced. Utility Model Content

[0009] The present application provides a fuel cell gas mixing device to solve the technical problems in the prior art of poor gas mixing effect and inability to fully mix the gas.

[0010] The technical solutions adopted in this application are:

[0011] The present invention provides a fuel cell gas mixing device, comprising:

[0012] A three-way valve is used to combine gases from different sources and deliver them to the Tesla valve;

[0013] Tesla valve, used to prevent the backflow of mixed gas and ensure the smooth passage of gas in forward flow;

[0014] Mixer, used to fully mix gases from different sources;

[0015] The three-way valve and the Tesla valve are connected via a clamp structure, and the Tesla valve and the mixer are connected via a clamp structure.

[0016] A fuel cell mixing device provided in the present application also includes the following additional technical features: the three-way valve includes: a first air inlet channel, a second air inlet channel and an air outlet channel of the three-way valve; the first air inlet channel port, the second air inlet channel port and the air outlet channel port of the three-way valve are provided with a three-way valve sealing groove, and a sealing ring is provided outside the three-way valve sealing groove.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present application, the Tesla valve includes: a Tesla valve inlet, a Tesla valve outlet and a Tesla valve flow channel; the Tesla valve inlet and the Tesla valve outlet are connected through the Tesla valve flow channel.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present application, the mixer includes: a mixer water inlet, a mixer water outlet, a mixer air inlet, a mixer air outlet, a mixer hot water flow channel, a first V-shaped baffle and a second V-shaped baffle.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present application, the water inlet of the mixer is used to receive high-temperature liquid to heat the mixer;

[0020] The mixer water outlet is used to discharge the low-temperature liquid that has completed heat exchange;

[0021] The mixer air inlet is used to receive the mixed gas from the Tesla valve;

[0022] The mixer gas outlet is used to deliver the fully mixed gas to the fuel cell;

[0023] The mixer hot water flow channel is arranged inside the outer wall of the mixer and is used to circulate high-temperature liquid to heat the mixer;

[0024] The mixer air inlet and the mixer air outlet are further provided with sealing grooves.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present application, the tips of the first V-shaped baffle and the second V-shaped baffle face toward the air inlet of the mixer, and the tails of the first V-shaped baffle and the second V-shaped baffle face toward the air outlet of the mixer.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present application, the V-shaped included angle between the first V-shaped baffle and the second V-shaped baffle is 50°-70°.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present application, the first V-shaped baffle is in a first posture, and the second V-shaped baffle is in a second posture.

[0028] According to one embodiment of the present application, the first V-shaped baffle divides the gas entering the mixer into two streams, changes the flow direction and path of the gas, and forms a vortex;

[0029] The second V-shaped baffle further divides the gas flowing through the first V-shaped baffle, changes the flow direction and path of the gas, and forms a secondary vortex.

[0030] According to one embodiment of the present application, the mixer water inlet and the mixer air outlet are arranged on one side, and the mixer water outlet and the mixer air inlet are arranged on one side, so that the flow directions of hot water and gas are opposite.

[0031] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this application are as follows:

[0032] A fuel cell mixing device provided in an embodiment of the present application has different parts of the device fastened together by a clamp structure, which is convenient for disassembly and installation of other parts and has a certain degree of expandability; a sealing groove is provided on the connection surface, which can be used in conjunction with a sealing ring to ensure the sealing of the entire device and avoid hydrogen leakage; the Tesla valve structure can prevent the mixed gas from flowing back, and the resistance is extremely small when the gas flows in the forward direction. It is a purely mechanical structure with high reliability and can replace the solenoid valve or the one-way valve; the V-shaped baffles in the mixer are vertically staggered and can continuously divide and overlap the mixed gas. The V-shaped baffles and the hollow structure at the tail form a strong vortex when the mixed gas flows through, promoting uniform mixing of the gas; and using hot water to heat the mixer and the mixed gas, increase the gas temperature, and enhance the movement of gas molecules, which can further improve the gas mixing effect. Preheating the mixed gas in advance can reduce the power of the gas during subsequent heating before entering the fuel cell, thereby reducing energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell gas mixing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 A front view of a fuel cell gas mixing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a mixer in the AA direction of a fuel cell gas mixing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a mixer in the BB direction of a fuel cell gas mixing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of a three-way valve of a fuel cell gas mixing device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] in,

[0040] 1. Three-way valve; 2. Tesla valve; 3. Mixer; 11. First air inlet channel of three-way valve; 12. Second air inlet channel of three-way valve; 13. Air outlet channel of three-way valve; 14. Sealing groove of three-way valve; 21. Inlet of Tesla valve; 22. Outlet of Tesla valve; 23. Flow channel of Tesla valve; 31. Water inlet of mixer, 32. Water outlet of mixer; 33. Air inlet of mixer; 34. Air outlet of mixer; 35. Hot water flow channel of mixer; 36. First V-shaped baffle; 37. Second V-shaped baffle; 38. Sealing groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present application, a detailed description is given below in an illustrative manner in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application may also be implemented in other ways than those described herein, and therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features of each embodiment may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.

[0043] In addition, in the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "installed," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection, electrical connection, or communication; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0045] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0046] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, a fuel cell gas mixing device includes:

[0047] The three-way valve 1 is used to collect gases from different sources and transport them to the Tesla valve 2.

[0048] Specifically, the three-way valve 1 includes three main interfaces: a first inlet channel 11, a second inlet channel 12, and an outlet channel 13. These channels are used to connect gases from different sources, such as hydrogen and nitrogen, respectively. These gases merge within the valve and are transported to the Tesla valve 2 via the outlet channel 13. The design of the three-way valve 1 ensures a tight and smooth gas flow during transmission, preventing gas leakage and pressure loss. Furthermore, each interface of the three-way valve 1 is provided with a three-way valve sealing groove 14. The clamp structure of the sealing groove and the sealing ring ensures a tight seal during gas transmission, preventing hydrogen leakage. If the experiment requires mixing multiple gases, multiple three-way valves can be connected. For example, if mixing three gases, an additional three-way valve can be connected, and if mixing four gases, two additional three-way valves can be connected, without changing the overall structure of the device, thus providing a certain degree of scalability. This design not only enhances the flexibility of gas mixing but also ensures the reliability and safety of the entire system.

[0049] For example, the first gas inlet channel 11 of the three-way valve: Assume that the first gas inlet channel 11 of the three-way valve is used to receive pure hydrogen. Hydrogen is connected to the first gas inlet channel 11 of the three-way valve from a hydrogen cylinder or other hydrogen supply source through a pipeline.

[0050] The second air inlet channel 12 of the three-way valve is assumed to be used to receive pure nitrogen. Nitrogen is connected to the second air inlet channel 12 of the three-way valve from a nitrogen bottle or other nitrogen supply source through a pipeline.

[0051] Three-way valve outlet channel 13: The hydrogen and nitrogen gases connected to the first air inlet channel 11 and the second air inlet channel 12 of the three-way valve are combined inside the three-way valve 1 and then transported to the Tesla valve 2 through the three-way valve outlet channel 13.

[0052] Detailed process

[0053] Gas connection:

[0054] Hydrogen is connected to the first gas inlet passage 11 of the three-way valve 1 from a hydrogen cylinder or other hydrogen supply source through a pipeline.

[0055] Nitrogen is connected to the second gas inlet passage 12 of the three-way valve 1 from a nitrogen cylinder or other nitrogen supply source through a pipeline.

[0056] Gas Confluence:

[0057] The hydrogen and nitrogen gases merge at the intersection inside the three-way valve 1. The design of the three-way valve 1 ensures that the two gases will not leak or mix unevenly during the merging process.

[0058] Gas delivery:

[0059] The combined mixed gas is delivered to the Tesla valve 2 through the three-way valve outlet channel 13 of the three-way valve 1. The Tesla valve 2 is located between the three-way valve 1 and the mixer 3 to prevent the mixed gas from flowing back.

[0060] Sealing and expandability

[0061] Sealing: A three-way valve sealing groove 14 is provided on each interface of the three-way valve 1 (the first air inlet channel 11 of the three-way valve, the second air inlet channel 12 of the three-way valve and the air outlet channel 13 of the three-way valve). The clamp structure of the sealing groove and the sealing ring ensures the sealing of the gas during the transmission process and prevents hydrogen leakage.

[0062] Expandability: If the experiment requires mixing multiple gases, multiple three-way valves can be connected. For example, if three gases need to be mixed, a third gas can be connected after the outlet 13 of three-way valve 1. If four gases need to be mixed, a third gas can be connected after the outlet of the second three-way valve. This design makes the device highly expandable and can flexibly respond to different experimental requirements.

[0063] Furthermore, flow control can be introduced: by installing a flow control valve at each gas inlet, the flow ratio of different gases can be precisely controlled. By adjusting the flow rate, the composition of the mixed gas can be more precisely controlled, improving the accuracy and repeatability of the test.

[0064] Furthermore, pressure monitoring can be introduced: a pressure sensor is installed at each interface of the three-way valve 1 to monitor the pressure changes of the gas in real time. By monitoring the pressure, abnormal conditions in the system can be discovered in time, ensuring the safety and reliability of the test.

[0065] Furthermore, temperature control can be introduced: a heating device or a cooling device can be installed on the outer shell of the three-way valve 1 to preheat or precool the incoming gas as needed. This helps to adjust the temperature of the gas before entering the mixing 3, further optimizing the mixing effect.

[0066] Tesla valve 2 is used to prevent the mixed gas from flowing back and ensure that the gas passes smoothly during forward flow.

[0067] Specifically, the Tesla valve inlet 21 is used to receive the mixed gas from the three-way valve 1. The mixed gas enters the Tesla valve 2 through the Tesla valve inlet 21.

[0068] Tesla valve outlet 22: delivers the mixed gas to the mixer 3. The mixed gas flows out of the Tesla valve 2 through the Tesla valve outlet 22 and enters the subsequent gas mixing device.

[0069] Tesla Valve Flow Channel 23: The flow channel design inside the Tesla Valve 2 is its core component. The special structure of the flow channel ensures that the gas flows almost without resistance in the forward direction, while encountering great resistance in the reverse direction, thus effectively preventing the mixed gas from flowing back.

[0070] How Tesla Valve 2 works

[0071] Forward flow: As the mixed gas flows from the Tesla valve inlet 21 to the Tesla valve outlet 22, the flow path design of the Tesla valve 2 allows the gas to pass smoothly without significant resistance. This design ensures the continuity and stability of the gas as it enters the mixer 3.

[0072] Reverse Flow: When the mixed gas attempts to flow back from the Tesla valve outlet 22 to the Tesla valve inlet 21, the unique flow path structure of the Tesla valve 2 causes the gas to encounter significant resistance. This resistance greatly increases the difficulty of gas backflow, effectively preventing the mixed gas from flowing back and protecting the gas source from contamination.

[0073] Structural features of Tesla Valve 2

[0074] Pure mechanical structure: Tesla Valve 2 is a purely mechanical structure that does not require an additional external power source (such as electricity or air pressure), with high reliability and simple maintenance.

[0075] No resistance: When the gas flows in the forward direction, the Tesla valve 2 will not produce resistance to the gas flow, ensuring that the gas enters the mixer 3 smoothly without affecting the gas mixing effect.

[0076] High reliability: The special design of Tesla Valve 2 enables it to maintain stable performance under various working conditions and will not fail due to long-term use or environmental changes.

[0077] Advantages of Tesla Valve 2

[0078] Prevent gas backflow: Tesla Valve 2's effective function of preventing gas backflow ensures the cleanliness of the gas source during the test, avoiding contamination and inaccurate test results caused by gas backflow.

[0079] High reliability: Tesla Valve 2 is a purely mechanical structure that does not require additional energy supply. It has high reliability and can replace traditional one-way valves or solenoid valves, reducing failure points.

[0080] Easy to operate: Tesla Valve 2 is very easy to install and use, does not require a complex control system, and is suitable for use in various experimental and industrial environments.

[0081] For example, Example 1: Fuel cell nitrogen tolerance test

[0082] When conducting a fuel cell nitrogen tolerance test, it is necessary to mix hydrogen and nitrogen and then pass them into the fuel cell. In this process, the role of Tesla Valve 2 is particularly important:

[0083] Forward Flow: After hydrogen and nitrogen are mixed in three-way valve 1, they enter Tesla valve 2 through Tesla valve inlet 21. Due to the special flow channel design of Tesla valve 2, the mixed gas can smoothly pass through flow channel 23, exit Tesla valve outlet 22, and enter mixer 3 for further mixing. The resistance during this process is very low, ensuring smooth gas flow.

[0084] Preventing backflow: In some cases, if the pressure inside the fuel cell suddenly increases, the mixed gas may attempt to flow back from the mixer 3 to the Tesla valve 2. Due to the special structure of the Tesla valve 2, the gas encounters great resistance when flowing in the opposite direction, which effectively blocks the reverse flow of the mixed gas, preventing it from flowing back to the gas source and protecting the gas source from contamination.

[0085] Example 2: Multi-gas mixing system

[0086] Tesla Valve 2 also plays an important role in experiments that require mixing multiple gases:

[0087] Forward Flow: Suppose hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen need to be mixed. These gases are brought together through multiple three-way valves and then enter Tesla valve 2 through its Tesla valve inlet 21. The flow path design of Tesla valve 2 ensures that the mixed gas can smoothly pass through Tesla valve flow path 23, exit through Tesla valve outlet 22, and enter mixer 3 for further mixing.

[0088] Prevent backflow: If the pressure of a gas source suddenly drops during the mixing process, the mixed gas may attempt to flow back from the mixer 3 to the Tesla valve 2. The special structure of the Tesla valve 2 prevents gas backflow, ensuring the stability and safety of the system.

[0089] Example 3: Industrial gas processing

[0090] In the industrial gas processing process, Tesla Valve 2 can be used to prevent harmful gas backflow and ensure production safety:

[0091] Forward flow: In an industrial gas processing system, gases from different sources are combined through three-way valve 1 and then enter Tesla valve 2 through its Tesla valve inlet 21. The flow path design of Tesla valve 2 ensures that the gas can smoothly pass through Tesla valve flow path 23, flow out of Tesla valve outlet 22, and enter subsequent processing equipment.

[0092] Preventing backflow: If a sudden increase in pressure inside the processing equipment could cause gas backflow, the Tesla Valve 2's unique structure prevents backflow, preventing harmful gases from returning to the gas source and protecting operators and equipment.

[0093] Furthermore, multiple Tesla valves can be connected in series: In certain applications requiring higher safety, multiple Tesla valves can be used in series. This can further increase the resistance to reverse flow, improve the effect of preventing gas backflow, and ensure the absolute safety of the system.

[0094] Furthermore, automated control is possible: in combination with a control system, the Tesla Valve 2 can be operated automatically. By programming and controlling the flow control valve, pressure sensor, and temperature control device, the gas flow can be managed automatically, improving the efficiency and accuracy of the test.

[0095] The mixer 3 is used to fully mix gases from different sources.

[0096] Specifically, the mixer 3 is used to fully mix gases from different sources.

[0097] Specifically, the mixer 3 is the core component of the entire fuel cell gas mixing device. Its main function is to ensure that gases from different sources are fully mixed before entering the fuel cell, improving the uniformity and consistency of the mixed gas. The following is the specific design and function of the mixer 3:

[0098] Structural design:

[0099] Mixer gas inlet 33: used for receiving the mixed gas from Tesla valve 2.

[0100] Mixer gas outlet 34: delivers the fully mixed gas to the fuel cell.

[0101] Mixer water inlet 31: used to receive high-temperature liquid (such as hot water) to heat the mixer 3.

[0102] Mixer water outlet 32: used to discharge the low-temperature liquid that has completed heat exchange.

[0103] Mixer hot water flow channel 35: arranged inside the outer wall of the mixer 3, used for circulating high-temperature liquid to heat the mixer 3.

[0104] The first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 are used to promote gas mixing. The V-shaped baffles are staggered and vertically distributed with their tails facing the direction of gas flow. They will not generate resistance to gas flow and form vortices at the tails to enhance gas disturbance.

[0105] Design of V-shaped baffle:

[0106] V-shaped angle: The angle of the V-shaped baffle is 50° to 70°. This angle is designed to produce the best vortex effect when the gas flows through the baffle.

[0107] Tail protrusion: The tail of the V-shaped baffle protrudes toward the downstream direction of the airflow, which will not generate resistance to the gas flow. At the same time, a vortex is formed at the tail to enhance gas disturbance.

[0108] Hollow structure: The hollow structure at the tail of the baffle further enhances the vortex phenomenon and promotes gas mixing.

[0109] Vertical distribution: The first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 are vertically distributed in the mixer 3. Different baffles have different angles and are staggered, which continuously divides and overlaps the mixed gas, further enhancing the gas mixing effect.

[0110] Heating function:

[0111] Hot water flow channel: A high-temperature liquid (such as water) is used to heat the mixer 3 through the mixer hot water flow channel 35. At high temperatures, the gas temperature in the mixer 3 increases, and the mobility of gas molecules increases, thereby improving the gas mixing effect.

[0112] Heat exchange efficiency: Hot water flows in from the bottom and out from the top, in the opposite direction of the mixed gas flow, increasing heat exchange efficiency and raising the gas temperature to over 50°C. This not only improves gas mixing but also reduces the power required to heat the gas before it enters the fuel cell, reducing energy consumption.

[0113] Material selection:

[0114] Metal material: The mixer 3 is made of metal, which is conducive to heat transfer, improves heating efficiency, and ensures uniform temperature distribution inside the mixer 3.

[0115] Comprehensive effect:

[0116] Efficient mixing: The design of the V-shaped baffle follows the principle of "division-displacement-overlap". Through multiple divisions and displacements, different gas molecules are continuously recombined in the mixer 3, ultimately achieving a uniform mixing effect.

[0117] Vortex enhancement: The protrusion and hollow structure at the tail of the baffle form a strong vortex when the gas flows through, which enhances the disturbance of the gas and further improves the mixing effect.

[0118] Multi-directional mixing: Since the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 are arranged perpendicular to each other, the gas flow paths in different directions are changed multiple times, ensuring uniform mixing of the gas in multiple directions.

[0119] For example, consider mixing hydrogen and nitrogen: Suppose hydrogen and nitrogen are mixed in a specific ratio and then fed into a fuel cell for nitrogen tolerance testing. First, hydrogen and nitrogen enter three-way valve 1 through the first inlet channel 11 and second inlet channel 12, respectively. After merging, they pass through the outlet channel 13 and into Tesla valve 2. Tesla valve 2 ensures smooth forward gas flow and prevents reverse flow. The mixed gas then enters mixer inlet 33 of mixer 3.

[0120] Mixing Process: The mixed gas is thoroughly mixed within mixer 3 through the segmentation, displacement, and vortex effects of the first and second V-shaped baffles 36 and 37. Simultaneously, hot water enters mixer hot water flow channel 35 from mixer inlet 31, heating mixer 3 and raising the gas temperature, further enhancing the mixing effect.

[0121] Output mixed gas: The fully mixed gas is delivered to the fuel cell through the mixer outlet 34 to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0122] Furthermore, the material selection can be made: corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials can be selected to make the mixer 3 to adapt to the characteristics of different gases. For example, for experiments involving corrosive gases, stainless steel or other corrosion-resistant materials can be selected to ensure long-term stable operation of the device.

[0123] Furthermore, structural optimization can be performed: the structural design of V-shaped baffles 36 and 37 can be further optimized. Through simulation and experimental verification, the optimal baffle angle and spacing can be found to further improve gas mixing. For example, different baffle shapes and arrangements can be tried to achieve better vortex effects and mixing uniformity.

[0124] Furthermore, multiple functions can be integrated: other functional modules such as filters and dryers can be integrated on the basis of the mixer 3 to achieve gas purification and drying, thereby ensuring the quality of the gas entering the fuel cell.

[0125] Furthermore, visual monitoring can be introduced: transparent windows or sensors can be installed at key locations of the mixer 3 to observe the flow state and mixing effect during the gas mixing process through visual monitoring, so as to timely adjust and optimize the design and operating parameters of the mixer 3.

[0126] In some embodiments of the present application, the three-way valve 1 and the Tesla valve 2 are connected via a clamp structure, and the Tesla valve 2 and the mixer 3 are connected via a clamp structure.

[0127] Specifically, a clamp structure is used to connect the three-way valve 1, Tesla valve 2 and mixer 3. This connection method has the following characteristics and advantages:

[0128] Definition of clamp structure:

[0129] Clamp: A clamp is a common pipe connector that tightly connects two pipe ends together using one or more fasteners (such as bolts and nuts). A clamp usually consists of an annular band and a fastener. The annular band is wrapped around the outside of the pipe joint and tightened by the fastener to achieve a sealed connection.

[0130] Connection method:

[0131] Connection between the three-way valve 1 and the Tesla valve 2: The three-way valve outlet 13 of the three-way valve 1 is connected to the inlet 21 of the Tesla valve 2 through a clamp structure. The specific steps are as follows:

[0132] Align the three-way valve outlet 13 of the three-way valve 1 with the inlet 21 of the Tesla valve 2 .

[0133] Place a suitable sealing ring between the two connections.

[0134] Use a clamp to tightly wrap and fix the two interfaces, and tighten the clamp with fasteners (such as bolts and nuts) to ensure the sealing of the connection.

[0135] Connection between Tesla valve 2 and mixer 3: Tesla valve outlet 22 of Tesla valve 2 is connected to mixer air inlet 33 of mixer 3 via a clamp structure. The specific steps are as follows:

[0136] The Tesla valve outlet 22 of the Tesla valve 2 and the mixer inlet 33 of the mixer 3 are aligned.

[0137] Place a suitable sealing ring between the two connections.

[0138] Use a clamp to tightly wrap and fix the two interfaces, and tighten the clamp with fasteners (such as bolts and nuts) to ensure the sealing of the connection.

[0139] Advantages:

[0140] Sealing: The clamp structure ensures the sealing of the connection through the dual functions of the sealing ring and fastener, effectively preventing gas leakage, which is particularly important for flammable and explosive hydrogen.

[0141] Easy assembly and disassembly: The clamp structure is very easy to connect and disassemble, just loosen or tighten the clamp fasteners. This makes the device more convenient during maintenance and repair, reducing downtime and maintenance costs.

[0142] Expandability: The clamp structure allows for easy addition or replacement of other components when needed, such as adding more three-way valves to three-way valve 1 to achieve multi-gas mixing, or adding other functional modules to mixer 3. This flexibility enables the device to adapt to various experimental needs.

[0143] Reliability: The clamp structure is simple and reliable, not easily damaged, and has low maintenance costs. Compared with traditional welding or threaded connections, the clamp structure is more stable over long-term use and is less likely to loosen due to vibration or temperature changes.

[0144] Application examples:

[0145] Multi-gas mixing: If three gases need to be mixed, an external three-way valve can be connected to the three-way valve 1, and the two three-way valves can be connected through a clamp structure to achieve the collection of multiple gases.

[0146] Functional expansion: Other functional modules, such as filters, dryers, etc., can be connected to the mixer outlet 34 of the mixer 3 through a clamp structure to purify and dry the gas and ensure the quality of the gas entering the fuel cell.

[0147] In some embodiments of the present application, the three-way valve 1 includes: a first air inlet channel 11 of the three-way valve, a second air inlet channel 12 of the three-way valve and an air outlet channel 13 of the three-way valve; the first air inlet channel port of the three-way valve, the second air inlet channel port of the three-way valve and the air outlet channel port of the three-way valve are provided with a three-way valve sealing groove 14, and a sealing ring is provided outside the three-way valve sealing groove 14.

[0148] Specifically, the design and structure of the three-way valve 1 are as follows:

[0149] Channel of three-way valve 1:

[0150] The first gas inlet channel 11 of the three-way valve is an inlet of the three-way valve, which is used to receive the first gas, such as hydrogen. The end of the first gas inlet channel 11 of the three-way valve is the first gas inlet channel port of the three-way valve.

[0151] The second gas inlet channel 12 of the three-way valve is another inlet of the three-way valve 1, which is used to receive a second gas, such as nitrogen. The end of the second gas inlet channel 12 of the three-way valve is the second gas inlet channel port of the three-way valve.

[0152] Three-way valve outlet channel 13: This is the outlet of the three-way valve 1, used to mix the two gases and then transport them to the Tesla valve 2. The end of the three-way valve outlet channel 13 is the three-way valve outlet channel port.

[0153] Sealed design:

[0154] Three-way valve sealing groove 14: A three-way valve sealing groove 14 is provided on the three-way valve first air inlet channel 11, the three-way valve second air inlet channel port 12, and the three-way valve outlet channel 13. The function of the sealing groove is to provide a space for a sealing ring to ensure the sealing of the connection.

[0155] Sealing ring: Each three-way valve has a sealing ring outside the sealing groove 14. These rings are typically made of a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant material, such as rubber or Teflon. They fill the tiny gaps between the joints to prevent gas leakage.

[0156] Connection method:

[0157] Clamp structure: Each channel port of the three-way valve 1 is connected to another component (such as the Tesla valve 2) through a clamp structure. The clamp structure consists of an annular band and fasteners (such as bolts and nuts). The annular band wraps around the outside of the connection and is tightened by the fasteners, keeping the sealing ring tightly in the sealing groove, ensuring the seal of the connection.

[0158] Working principle:

[0159] Gas convergence: Gases from different sources enter the three-way valve 1 through the first air inlet channel 11 and the second air inlet channel 12 of the three-way valve respectively, and converge inside the three-way valve 1 .

[0160] Gas delivery: The mixed gas is delivered to the Tesla valve 2 through the three-way valve outlet channel 13.

[0161] Sealing: The combination of the sealing groove and the sealing ring ensures the sealing of the gas during transmission and prevents hydrogen leakage. The clamp structure further enhances the sealing and stability of the connection.

[0162] Detailed explanation

[0163] Three-way valve first air inlet channel 11:

[0164] Function: Connect the first gas (such as hydrogen).

[0165] Structure: A three-way valve sealing groove 14 is provided, and a sealing ring is placed in the three-way valve sealing groove 14 to ensure a sealed connection with the upstream pipeline.

[0166] Three-way valve second air inlet channel 12:

[0167] Function: Access the second gas (such as nitrogen).

[0168] Structure: A three-way valve sealing groove 14 is provided, and a sealing ring is placed in the three-way valve sealing groove 14 to ensure a sealed connection with the upstream pipeline.

[0169] Three-way valve outlet channel 13:

[0170] Function: Deliver the mixed gas to Tesla valve 2.

[0171] Structure: A three-way valve sealing groove 14 is provided, and a sealing ring is placed in the three-way valve sealing groove 14 to ensure a sealed connection with the Tesla valve 2.

[0172] Three-way valve sealing groove 14:

[0173] Function: Provide a space to accommodate the sealing ring to ensure the sealing of the connection.

[0174] Position: Located on the first air inlet channel 11 of the three-way valve, the second air inlet channel 12 of the three-way valve, and the air outlet channel 13 of the three-way valve.

[0175] Sealing ring:

[0176] Function: Fill the tiny gaps in the joints to prevent gas leakage.

[0177] Materials: Usually made of high temperature and corrosion resistant materials such as rubber or Teflon.

[0178] Position: Placed in the three-way valve sealing groove 14 and pressed tightly against the connection by the clamp structure.

[0179] Advantages

[0180] Sealing: The combination of sealing groove and sealing ring ensures the sealing of the connection and effectively prevents hydrogen leakage.

[0181] Easy assembly and disassembly: The connection and disassembly of the clamp structure is very convenient. You only need to loosen or tighten the fasteners of the clamp, which reduces maintenance time and cost.

[0182] Expandability: If multiple gases need to be mixed, multiple three-way valves can be connected without changing the overall structure of the device, which has certain expandability.

[0183] Reliability: The clamp structure is simple and reliable, not easy to damage, and has low maintenance costs, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0184] In some embodiments of the present application, the Tesla valve 2 includes: a Tesla valve inlet 21 , a Tesla valve outlet 22 and a Tesla valve flow channel 23 ; the Tesla valve inlet 21 and the Tesla valve outlet 22 are connected through the Tesla valve flow channel 23 .

[0185] Specifically, the interface of Tesla Valve 2:

[0186] Tesla valve inlet 21: This is the inlet of the Tesla valve 2, used to receive the mixed gas from the three-way valve 1. The mixed gas enters the Tesla valve inlet 21 through the three-way valve outlet 13 of the three-way valve 1.

[0187] Tesla valve outlet 22 : This is the outlet of the Tesla valve 2 , used to deliver the mixed gas to the mixer 3 . The mixed gas enters the mixer gas inlet 33 of the mixer 3 through the Tesla valve outlet 22 .

[0188] Tesla valve flow channel 23:

[0189] Function: The Tesla valve flow channel 23 is a passage inside the Tesla valve 2, connecting the Tesla valve inlet 21 and the Tesla valve outlet 22. The design of the flow channel ensures that the gas flows almost without resistance in the forward direction, but encounters great resistance in the reverse direction.

[0190] Structure: The Tesla valve flow channel 23 usually has a special geometric shape, such as a spiral, a cone or a complex curved structure. These designs allow the gas to pass smoothly during forward flow, but encounter great resistance during reverse flow, thereby preventing the mixed gas from flowing back.

[0191] Working principle:

[0192] Forward flow: When the mixed gas enters the Tesla valve flow channel 23 from the Tesla valve inlet 21, the special design of the flow channel ensures that the gas can pass smoothly with almost no resistance. The mixed gas then enters the mixer 3 through the Tesla valve outlet 22.

[0193] Reverse flow: When the mixed gas attempts to flow back from the Tesla valve outlet 22 to the Tesla valve inlet 21, the special geometric shape of the Tesla valve flow channel 23 will significantly increase the flow resistance of the gas, making the reverse flow extremely difficult, thereby effectively preventing the mixed gas from flowing back.

[0194] Detailed explanation

[0195] Tesla valve inlet 21:

[0196] Function: Access the mixed gas from three-way valve 1.

[0197] Structure: The Tesla valve inlet 21 is a standard pipe interface, usually equipped with a sealing ring and a clamp structure to ensure a sealed connection with the three-way valve outlet 13 of the three-way valve 1.

[0198] Tesla valve outlet 22:

[0199] Function: transport the mixed gas to mixer 3.

[0200] Structure: The Tesla valve outlet 22 is also a standard pipeline interface, usually equipped with a sealing ring and a clamp structure to ensure a sealed connection with the mixer inlet 33 of the mixer 3.

[0201] Tesla valve flow channel 23:

[0202] Function: Connects the Tesla valve inlet 21 and the Tesla valve outlet 22 to ensure that the gas passes smoothly in the forward flow and encounters great resistance in the reverse flow.

[0203] Structure: Tesla valve flow channel 23 generally has the following features:

[0204] Special geometric shapes: The flow channel may be designed into a spiral, conical or complex curved structure. These shapes allow the gas to pass smoothly in the forward flow, but encounter great resistance in the reverse flow.

[0205] Smooth surface: The inner surface of the flow channel is usually very smooth to reduce friction resistance and ensure smooth gas flow in the forward direction.

[0206] Material selection: Tesla valve flow channel 23 is usually made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant materials to adapt to the characteristics of different gases and ensure long-term stable operation.

[0207] Advantages

[0208] Anti-backflow: The special design of Tesla Valve 2 ensures that the gas has almost no resistance when flowing in the forward direction, but encounters great resistance when flowing in the reverse direction, effectively preventing the mixed gas from flowing back and protecting the gas source from contamination.

[0209] Reliability: Tesla Valve 2 is a purely mechanical structure that does not require additional energy supply. It has high reliability and can replace one-way valves or solenoid valves.

[0210] No resistance: When the gas flows in the forward direction, the Tesla valve 2 does not generate resistance to the gas flow, ensuring that the gas enters the mixer 3 smoothly.

[0211] Sealing: The inlet and outlet of Tesla Valve 2 are equipped with sealing rings and clamp structures to ensure a sealed connection with upstream and downstream components to prevent gas leakage.

[0212] Easy maintenance: Tesla Valve 2 has a simple structure and is easy to maintain and inspect, reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0213] In some embodiments of the present application, the mixer 3 includes: a mixer water inlet 31, a mixer water outlet 32, a mixer air inlet 33, a mixer air outlet 34, a mixer hot water flow channel 35, a first V-shaped baffle 36 and a second V-shaped baffle 37.

[0214] Specifically, the design and structure of the mixer 3 are as follows:

[0215] Mixer water inlet 31:

[0216] Function: Used to connect high-temperature liquid (such as hot water) to heat the mixer 3.

[0217] Structure: Located at the bottom of the mixer 3, it is usually equipped with a connecting flange or threaded interface to facilitate connection to an external water source.

[0218] Mixer outlet 32:

[0219] Function: Used to discharge low-temperature liquid that has completed heat exchange.

[0220] Structure: Located on the top of the mixer 3, it is usually equipped with a connecting flange or threaded interface to facilitate connection to the external drainage system.

[0221] Mixer air inlet 33:

[0222] Function: Used to access the mixed gas from Tesla valve 2.

[0223] Structure: Located on one side of the mixer 3, it is usually equipped with a connecting flange or threaded interface to facilitate connection with the Tesla valve outlet 22 of the Tesla valve 2.

[0224] Mixer outlet 34:

[0225] Function: Used to deliver fully mixed gas to the fuel cell.

[0226] Structure: Located on the other side of the mixer 3, it is usually equipped with a connecting flange or threaded interface to facilitate connection with the subsequent fuel cell system.

[0227] Mixer hot water flow channel 35:

[0228] Function: It is arranged inside the outer wall of the mixer 3 and is used to circulate high-temperature liquid (such as hot water) to heat the mixer 3.

[0229] Structure: The hot water flow channel 35 of the mixer enters from the mixer water inlet 31 and flows out from the mixer water outlet 32, which is opposite to the flow direction of the mixed gas, increasing the heat exchange efficiency and raising the gas temperature to above 50°C.

[0230] Material: Usually made of metal, which is conducive to heat transfer and improves heating efficiency.

[0231] First V-shaped baffle 36:

[0232] Function: It is used to promote the full mixing of different gases. Its unique design forms vortexes when the gases flow through it, thus enhancing gas disturbance.

[0233] Structure: The angle of the first V-shaped baffle 36 is 50° to 70°, and the tail protrudes toward the downstream direction of the airflow, which does not generate resistance to the gas flow, and forms a vortex at the tail to enhance the gas mixing effect.

[0234] Distribution: The first V-shaped baffles 36 are distributed perpendicular to each other in the mixer 3. Different baffles have different angles and are staggered, which plays a role of continuously dividing and overlapping the mixed gas, further enhancing the gas mixing effect.

[0235] Second V-shaped baffle 37:

[0236] Function: Similar to the first V-shaped baffle 36, it is used to further promote the full mixing of different gases. Its unique design forms vortices when the gases flow through it, thereby enhancing gas disturbance.

[0237] Structure: The included angle of the second V-shaped baffle 37 is 50° to 70°, and the tail protrudes toward the downstream direction of the airflow, which does not generate resistance to the gas flow, and forms a vortex at the tail to enhance the gas mixing effect.

[0238] Distribution: The second V-shaped baffles 37 are perpendicular to each other in the mixer 3 and staggered with the first V-shaped baffles 36, which continuously divide and overlap the mixed gas, further enhancing the gas mixing effect.

[0239] Detailed explanation

[0240] Mixer water inlet 31:

[0241] Function: Connect high-temperature liquid (such as hot water) to heat the mixer 3, increase the gas temperature, enhance the movement of gas molecules, and further improve the mixing effect.

[0242] Structure: Located at the bottom of the mixer 3, connected to the external hot water supply system through a connecting flange or threaded interface.

[0243] Mixer outlet 32:

[0244] Function: To discharge the low-temperature liquid that has completed heat exchange and maintain continuous heating inside the mixer 3.

[0245] Structure: Located on the top of the mixer 3, connected to the external drainage system through a connecting flange or threaded interface.

[0246] Mixer air inlet 33:

[0247] Function: Connect the mixed gas from Tesla valve 2 to ensure that the gas enters the mixer 3 smoothly.

[0248] Structure: Located on one side of the mixer 3, connected to the outlet 22 of the Tesla valve 2 through a connecting flange or threaded interface.

[0249] Mixer outlet 34:

[0250] Function: Deliver the fully mixed gas to the fuel cell to ensure that the gas reaches the required uniform mixing state before entering the fuel cell.

[0251] Structure: Located on the other side of the mixer 3, it is connected to the subsequent fuel cell system through a connecting flange or threaded interface.

[0252] Mixer hot water flow channel 35:

[0253] Function: The mixer 3 is heated by a high-temperature liquid (such as hot water) to increase the gas temperature, enhance the movement of gas molecules, and further improve the mixing effect.

[0254] Structure: The hot water flow channel 35 of the mixer enters from the mixer water inlet 31 and flows out from the mixer water outlet 32, which is opposite to the flow direction of the mixed gas, increasing the heat exchange efficiency and raising the gas temperature to above 50°C.

[0255] Material: Made of metal, it is beneficial to heat transfer and improves heating efficiency.

[0256] First V-shaped baffle 36:

[0257] Function: Promotes the full mixing of different gases. Its unique design forms vortexes when the gases flow through, enhancing gas disturbance.

[0258] Structure: The angle of the first V-shaped baffle 36 is 50° to 70°, and the tail protrudes toward the downstream direction of the airflow, which does not generate resistance to the gas flow, and forms a vortex at the tail to enhance the gas mixing effect.

[0259] Distribution: The first V-shaped baffles 36 are distributed perpendicular to each other in the mixer 3. Different baffles have different angles and are staggered, which plays a role of continuously dividing and overlapping the mixed gas, further enhancing the gas mixing effect.

[0260] Second V-shaped baffle 37:

[0261] Function: Similar to the first V-shaped baffle 36, it further promotes the full mixing of different gases. Its unique design forms vortices when the gases flow through it, thereby enhancing gas disturbance.

[0262] Structure: The included angle of the second V-shaped baffle 37 is 50° to 70°, and the tail protrudes toward the downstream direction of the airflow, which does not generate resistance to the gas flow, and forms a vortex at the tail to enhance the gas mixing effect.

[0263] Distribution: The second V-shaped baffles 37 are perpendicular to each other in the mixer 3 and staggered with the first V-shaped baffles 36, which continuously divide and overlap the mixed gas, further enhancing the gas mixing effect.

[0264] Advantages

[0265] Efficient mixing: The design of the V-shaped baffle follows the principle of "division-displacement-overlap", while forming a vortex at the tail to promote mixing between different gases and ensure that the gases reach the required uniform mixing state before entering the fuel cell.

[0266] Heating function: The mixer 3 is heated through the mixer hot water flow channel 35 to increase the gas temperature, enhance the movement of gas molecules, further improve the mixing effect, and at the same time reduce the heating power before the gas enters the fuel cell, thereby reducing energy consumption.

[0267] Metal material: The mixer 3 is made of metal, which is conducive to heat transfer, improves heating efficiency, and ensures long-term stable operation of the mixer.

[0268] Heat exchange efficiency: Hot water is fed in from the bottom and discharged from the top, which is opposite to the flow direction of the mixed gas, increasing the heat exchange efficiency and raising the gas temperature to above 50°C.

[0269] Reliability: The structural design of the mixer 3 is simple and reliable, with low maintenance cost, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0270] In some embodiments of the present application, the mixer water inlet 31 is used to receive high-temperature liquid to heat the mixer 3;

[0271] The mixer outlet 32 ​​is used to discharge the cryogenic liquid that has completed heat exchange;

[0272] The mixer air inlet 33 is used to receive the mixed gas from the Tesla valve 2;

[0273] The mixer gas outlet 34 is used to deliver the fully mixed gas to the fuel cell;

[0274] The mixer hot water flow channel 35 is arranged inside the outer wall of the mixer 3 and is used to circulate high-temperature liquid to heat the mixer 3;

[0275] The mixer air inlet 33 and the mixer air outlet 34 are further provided with sealing grooves 38 .

[0276] Specifically, the mixer water inlet 31:

[0277] Function: Used to connect high-temperature liquid (such as hot water) to heat the mixer 3.

[0278] Structure: Located at the bottom of the mixer 3, it is usually equipped with a connecting flange or threaded interface to facilitate connection to an external hot water supply system.

[0279] Detailed explanation: High-temperature liquid (such as hot water) enters the mixer hot water flow channel 35 through the mixer water inlet 31, heating the gas inside the mixer 3. This heating method can increase the temperature of the gas and enhance the movement of gas molecules, thereby further improving the mixing effect.

[0280] Mixer outlet 32:

[0281] Function: Used to discharge low-temperature liquid that has completed heat exchange.

[0282] Structure: Located on the top of the mixer 3, it is usually equipped with a connecting flange or threaded interface to facilitate connection to the external drainage system.

[0283] Detailed explanation: After the heat exchange is completed, the low-temperature liquid is discharged through the mixer outlet 32 ​​to maintain continuous heating inside the mixer 3. This design ensures the recycling of hot water and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0284] Mixer air inlet 33:

[0285] Function: Used to access the mixed gas from Tesla valve 2.

[0286] Structure: Located on one side of the mixer 3, it is usually equipped with a connecting flange or threaded interface to facilitate connection with the Tesla valve outlet 22.

[0287] Detailed explanation: The mixed gas enters the mixer air inlet 33 through the Tesla valve outlet 22 and enters the mixer 3 for mixing. The design of the mixer air inlet 33 ensures the smooth entry of the gas without causing resistance to the gas flow.

[0288] Mixer outlet 34:

[0289] Function: Used to deliver fully mixed gas to the fuel cell.

[0290] Structure: Located on the other side of the mixer 3, it is usually equipped with a connecting flange or threaded interface to facilitate connection with the subsequent fuel cell system.

[0291] Detailed explanation: The fully mixed gas is delivered to the fuel cell through the mixer outlet 34, ensuring the gas reaches the required uniform mixing state before entering the fuel cell. The design of the mixer outlet 34 ensures smooth gas output without creating resistance to gas flow.

[0292] Mixer hot water flow channel 35:

[0293] Function: It is set inside the outer wall of the mixer 3 and is used to circulate high-temperature liquid to heat the mixer 3.

[0294] Structure: Hot water flow channel 35 enters from the mixer water inlet 31 and flows out from the mixer water outlet 32, which is opposite to the flow direction of the mixed gas, thereby increasing the heat exchange efficiency.

[0295] Detailed explanation: The design of the mixer's hot water flow channel 35 allows high-temperature liquid to flow inside the outer wall of the mixer 3, heating the gas inside the mixer 3 through heat conduction. The flow direction of the mixer's hot water flow channel 35 is opposite to the flow direction of the mixed gas, increasing the heat exchange area and efficiency, raising the gas temperature to above 50°C, thereby enhancing the movement of gas molecules and further improving the mixing effect.

[0296] Sealing groove 38:

[0297] Function: Sealing grooves 38 are provided on the mixer air inlet 33 and the mixer air outlet 34 to ensure the sealing of the connection.

[0298] Structure: A sealing ring is placed in the sealing groove 38, and the connection is tightened by a clamp structure to ensure the sealing effect.

[0299] Detailed explanation: The combination of sealing groove 38 and sealing ring ensures a sealed connection between the mixer inlet 33 and mixer outlet 34 and upstream and downstream components (such as the Tesla valve 2 and fuel cell), preventing gas leakage. This design not only improves system safety but also ensures the stability and reliability of gas transmission.

[0300] Detailed explanation summary

[0301] Mixer water inlet 31:

[0302] Function: Connect high-temperature liquid to heat the mixer 3.

[0303] Structure: Located at the bottom of the mixer 3, equipped with a connecting flange or threaded interface.

[0304] Detailed explanation: The high-temperature liquid enters the mixer hot water flow channel 35 through the mixer water inlet 31, heating the gas inside the mixer 3, increasing the gas temperature, enhancing the movement of gas molecules, and improving the mixing effect.

[0305] Mixer outlet 32:

[0306] Function: To discharge low-temperature liquid that has completed heat exchange.

[0307] Structure: Located on the top of the mixer 3, equipped with a connecting flange or threaded interface.

[0308] Detailed explanation: After the heat exchange is completed, the low-temperature liquid is discharged through the mixer outlet 32, maintaining continuous heating inside the mixer 3 and improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0309] Mixer air inlet 33:

[0310] Function: Access the mixed gas from Tesla valve 2.

[0311] Structure: Located on one side of the mixer 3, equipped with a connecting flange or threaded interface.

[0312] Detailed explanation: The mixed gas enters the mixer 3 through the mixer air inlet 33 for mixing, ensuring smooth entry of the gas without causing resistance to the gas flow.

[0313] Mixer outlet 34:

[0314] Function: Deliver fully mixed gas to the fuel cell.

[0315] Structure: Located on the other side of the mixer 3, equipped with a connecting flange or threaded interface.

[0316] Detailed explanation: The fully mixed gas is delivered to the fuel cell through the mixer outlet 34, ensuring that the gas reaches the required uniform mixing state before entering the fuel cell, ensuring smooth output of the gas without causing resistance to the gas flow.

[0317] Mixer hot water flow channel 35:

[0318] Function: It is set inside the outer wall of the mixer 3 and is used to circulate high-temperature liquid to heat the mixer 3.

[0319] Structure: It enters from the mixer water inlet 31 and flows out from the mixer water outlet 32, in the opposite direction of the mixed gas flow.

[0320] Detailed explanation: The design of the hot water flow channel 35 of the mixer allows the high-temperature liquid to flow inside the outer wall of the mixer 3, heating the gas inside the mixer 3 through heat conduction, increasing the gas temperature, enhancing the movement of gas molecules, and further improving the mixing effect.

[0321] Sealing groove 38:

[0322] Function: Ensure the sealed connection between the mixer air inlet 33 and the mixer air outlet 34 and the upstream and downstream components to prevent gas leakage.

[0323] Structure: A sealing ring is placed in the sealing groove 38, and the connection is tightened by a clamp structure.

[0324] Detailed explanation: The combination of the sealing groove 38 and the sealing ring ensures the sealing of the connection, improves the safety of the system, and ensures the stability and reliability of the gas during transmission.

[0325] In some embodiments of the present application, the tips of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 face the mixer air inlet 33 , and the tails of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 face the mixer air outlet 34 .

[0326] Specifically, the design and structure of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 are as follows:

[0327] The structure of V-type baffle:

[0328] Tip: The tip of the V-shaped baffle is narrower and faces the mixer air inlet 33.

[0329] Tail: The tail portion of the V-shaped baffle is wider and faces the mixer outlet 34 .

[0330] Layout and orientation:

[0331] The first V-shaped baffle 36 has a tip facing toward the mixer air inlet 33 and a tail facing toward the mixer air outlet 34 .

[0332] The second V-shaped baffle 37 has a tip facing toward the mixer air inlet 33 and a tail facing toward the mixer air outlet 34 .

[0333] Functions and effects:

[0334] Gas division: The V-shaped baffle has a narrower tip, which can split the gas entering the mixer 3 into two streams, which flow through the spaces on both sides of the baffle. This division effect allows the gas to be initially dispersed as it passes through the baffle.

[0335] Displaced gas: Due to the inclination angle of the V-shaped baffle, the gas will be displaced when passing through the baffle, changing the flow direction and path of the gas.

[0336] Vortex formation: The tail of the V-shaped baffle is wider. When the gas flows through the tail of the baffle, the cross-sectional area expands rapidly, forming a vortex. The generation of vortex enhances the mixing effect of the gas, allowing different gas molecules to contact and mix more fully.

[0337] Enhanced disturbance: The hollow structure at the tail of the baffle further enhances the vortex phenomenon, increases the disturbance of the gas, and promotes uniform mixing between different gases.

[0338] Detailed explanation

[0339] The tip is facing the mixer air inlet 33:

[0340] Function: The tip of the V-shaped baffle is narrower and faces the mixer inlet 33. This design allows the gas entering the mixer 3 to be initially split into two streams when it contacts the baffle, flowing through the space on both sides of the baffle.

[0341] Structure: The narrow design of the tip reduces the resistance of the gas when it enters the baffle area, ensuring that the gas can smoothly enter the space on both sides of the baffle.

[0342] Detailed explanation: When the mixed gas enters the mixer 3 through the mixer inlet 33, it first encounters the tip of the V-shaped baffle. The narrow tip splits the gas into two streams, each flowing through the space on either side of the baffle. This splitting effect provides a preliminary dispersion of the gas as it passes through the baffle, laying the foundation for subsequent mixing.

[0343] The tail is toward the mixer outlet 34:

[0344] Function: The rear portion of the V-shaped baffle is wider and faces the mixer outlet 34. This design allows the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas to expand rapidly as it passes through the rear portion of the baffle, forming a vortex and enhancing the mixing effect of the gas.

[0345] Structure: The wider tail section increases the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas as it passes through the baffle, forming a vortex. The hollow structure of the tail section further enhances the vortex phenomenon and increases gas disturbance.

[0346] Detailed explanation: After passing through the tip of the V-shaped baffle, the gas flows into the space on either side of the baffle. As the gas continues to flow forward, its cross-sectional area rapidly expands when it reaches the tail of the baffle, forming a vortex. The generation of the vortex makes the movement of gas molecules more intense, promoting the mixing of different gases. The hollow structure of the tail further enhances the vortex phenomenon, increasing the disturbance of the gas and ensuring uniform mixing of the gas within the mixer 3.

[0347] Advantages

[0348] Efficient mixing: The design of the V-shaped baffle follows the principle of "division-displacement-overlap". Through the narrow design of the tip part and the wider design of the tail part, it realizes the initial division, displacement and vortex formation of the gas, thereby enhancing the gas mixing effect.

[0349] No resistance: The tip of the V-shaped baffle is narrower, which reduces the resistance of the gas when it enters the baffle area and ensures that the gas can smoothly enter the space on both sides of the baffle.

[0350] Enhanced disturbance: The wider design and hollow structure of the tail section further enhance the vortex phenomenon, increase the disturbance of the gas, and promote uniform mixing between different gases.

[0351] Multi-directional mixing: The first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the angles between different baffles are different. They are staggered and arranged to continuously divide and overlap the mixed gas, further enhancing the gas mixing effect.

[0352] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the V-shaped included angle between the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 is 50°-70°.

[0353] Specifically, the V-shaped angle between the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 is designed to be 50° to 70°. This design has the following functions and advantages:

[0354] Definition of V-angle:

[0355] V-shaped angle: The angle between the two sides of the V-shaped baffle. This angle determines the flow path and behavior of the gas when passing through the baffle.

[0356] Functions and effects:

[0357] Gas Splitting: The V-shaped angle effectively splits the gas entering the mixer 3 into two streams, which flow through the spaces on both sides of the baffle. This splitting effect provides a preliminary dispersion of the gas as it passes through the baffle, laying the foundation for subsequent mixing.

[0358] Displaced gas: The V-shaped angle causes the gas to displace as it passes through the baffle, changing the direction and path of the gas flow. This displacement helps redistribute the gas molecules and further promotes mixing.

[0359] Vortex formation: The V-shaped angle design causes the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas to expand rapidly when passing through the tail of the baffle, forming a vortex. The generation of vortex enhances the mixing effect of the gas, allowing different gas molecules to contact and mix more fully.

[0360] Enhanced disturbance: The reasonable range of the V-shaped angle (50°-70°) ensures that the disturbance effect of the gas is maximized when passing through the baffle, further improving the mixing effect.

[0361] Detailed explanation

[0362] V-angle range (50°-70°):

[0363] 50°: The minimum angle is 50°. At this angle, the baffle tip is narrow, effectively dividing the gas without creating excessive resistance to gas flow. At the same time, the cross-sectional area at the tail changes moderately, creating a moderate vortex and enhancing gas mixing.

[0364] 70°: The maximum angle is 70°. At this angle, the tip of the baffle is relatively wide, yet still effectively divides the gas. The greater variation in cross-sectional area at the tail creates a stronger vortex, further enhancing gas mixing.

[0365] Specific functions:

[0366] Gas Splitting: The V-shaped design with a 50°-70° angle effectively splits the gas entering the mixer 3 into two streams, which flow through the spaces on both sides of the baffle. This splitting effect provides a preliminary dispersion of the gas as it passes through the baffle, laying the foundation for subsequent mixing.

[0367] Displaced gas: The V-shaped angle causes the gas to displace as it passes through the baffle, changing the direction and path of the gas flow. This displacement helps redistribute the gas molecules and further promotes mixing.

[0368] Vortex formation: The V-shaped angle design causes the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas to expand rapidly when passing through the tail of the baffle, forming a vortex. The generation of vortex enhances the mixing effect of the gas, allowing different gas molecules to contact and mix more fully.

[0369] Enhanced disturbance: The reasonable range of the V-shaped angle (50°-70°) ensures that the disturbance effect of the gas is maximized when passing through the baffle, further improving the mixing effect.

[0370] Advantages

[0371] Efficient mixing: The V-shaped angle of 50°-70° enables the gas to be effectively divided, displaced and form vortices when passing through the baffle, enhancing the gas mixing effect and ensuring that the gas reaches the required uniform mixing state before entering the fuel cell.

[0372] No resistance: The reasonable range of the V-shaped angle ensures that the resistance of the gas is moderate when passing through the baffle, does not produce excessive resistance to the gas flow, and ensures the smooth flow of gas.

[0373] Enhanced disturbance: The reasonable range of the V-shaped angle (50°-70°) ensures that the disturbance effect of the gas is maximized when passing through the baffle, further improving the mixing effect.

[0374] Multi-directional mixing: The first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the angles between different baffles are different. They are staggered and arranged to continuously divide and overlap the mixed gas, further enhancing the gas mixing effect.

[0375] Practical Application

[0376] Optimize mixing effect: By adjusting the angle of the V-shaped baffle within the range of 50°-70°, the mixing effect can be optimized according to specific test requirements and gas characteristics to ensure the uniformity of the mixed gas.

[0377] Adaptability to different gases: The reasonable range of the V-shaped angle enables the mixer 3 to adapt to different types of gases, whether it is a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen or a mixture of other gases, to achieve a good mixing effect.

[0378] Improve test accuracy: By optimizing the angle of the V-shaped baffle, the uniformity of the mixed gas can be improved, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the fuel cell nitrogen tolerance test.

[0379] In some embodiments of the present application, the first V-shaped baffle 36 is in a first posture, and the second V-shaped baffle 37 is in a second posture.

[0380] Specifically, according to the document, the arrangement and posture of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 inside the mixer 3 are as follows:

[0381] The first V-shaped baffle 36 is in a first posture:

[0382] Definition: The first V-shaped baffle 36 is arranged in a specific posture inside the mixer 3, which is called the first posture.

[0383] Specific posture: The tip of the first V-shaped baffle 36 faces the mixer air inlet 33, and the tail faces the mixer air outlet 34. The tip of the V-shaped baffle is narrower and the tail is wider, with a V-shaped angle of 50°-70°.

[0384] The second V-shaped baffle 37 is in a second posture:

[0385] Definition: The second V-shaped baffle 37 is arranged in a specific posture inside the mixer 3, which is called the second posture.

[0386] Specific orientation: The tip of the second V-shaped baffle 37 also faces the mixer inlet 33, and the tail faces the mixer outlet 34. The V-shaped baffle is narrow at the tip and wide at the tail, with a V-shaped angle of 50°-70°. The second V-shaped baffle 37 is perpendicular to the first V-shaped baffle 36, with different baffles arranged at different angles, creating a staggered arrangement.

[0387] Detailed explanation

[0388] The first V-shaped baffle 36 is in a first posture:

[0389] Tip facing mixer inlet 33: The tip of the first V-shaped baffle 36 is narrower and faces the mixer inlet 33. This design allows the gas entering the mixer 3 to be initially split into two streams when it contacts the baffle, and flows through the space on both sides of the baffle.

[0390] The tail portion faces the mixer outlet 34: The tail portion of the first V-shaped baffle 36 is wider and faces the mixer outlet 34. This design allows the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas to expand rapidly when passing through the tail portion of the baffle, forming a vortex and enhancing the mixing effect of the gas.

[0391] The V-shaped angle is 50°-70°: The V-shaped angle of the first V-shaped baffle 36 is designed to be 50°-70°, which ensures effective segmentation, displacement and vortex formation of the gas when passing through the baffle, thereby enhancing the mixing effect.

[0392] The second V-shaped baffle 37 is in a second posture:

[0393] Tip facing mixer inlet 33: The tip of the second V-shaped baffle 37 is narrower and faces the mixer inlet 33. This design allows the gas entering the mixer 3 to be initially split into two streams when it contacts the baffle, and flows through the space on both sides of the baffle.

[0394] The tail portion of the second V-shaped baffle 37 is wider and faces the mixer outlet 34. This design allows the cross-sectional area of ​​the gas to expand rapidly when passing through the tail portion of the baffle, forming a vortex and enhancing the mixing effect of the gas.

[0395] The V-shaped angle is 50°-70°: The V-shaped angle of the second V-shaped baffle 37 is designed to be 50°-70°, which ensures the effective segmentation, displacement and vortex formation of the gas when passing through the baffle, thereby enhancing the mixing effect.

[0396] Perpendicular arrangement: The second V-shaped baffle 37 is perpendicular to the first V-shaped baffle 36, with the baffles positioned at different angles and staggered. This arrangement allows the gas to be continuously divided, displaced, and overlapped as it passes through the different baffles, further enhancing the mixing effect.

[0397] Functions and effects

[0398] Splitting gas:

[0399] The first V-shaped baffle 36 preliminarily divides the gas entering the mixer 3 into two streams, which flow through the spaces on both sides of the baffle.

[0400] The second V-shaped baffle 37 further divides the gas and flows through the space on both sides of the baffle.

[0401] Displacement gas:

[0402] The first V-shaped baffle 36 changes the flow direction and path of the gas to redistribute the gas molecules.

[0403] The second V-shaped baffle 37 further changes the flow direction and path of the gas to redistribute the gas molecules.

[0404] Vortex formation:

[0405] The first V-shaped baffle 36 forms a vortex at the tail to enhance the mixing effect of the gas.

[0406] The second V-shaped baffle 37 forms a vortex at the tail to further enhance the mixing effect of the gas.

[0407] Enhanced perturbation:

[0408] The first V-shaped baffle 36 enhances gas disturbance through the design of the tip and tail.

[0409] The second V-shaped baffle 37 further enhances the disturbance of the gas through the design of the tip and tail.

[0410] Advantages

[0411] Efficient mixing: The perpendicular distribution and staggered arrangement of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 allow the gas to be continuously divided, displaced, and overlapped as it passes through the baffles, thereby enhancing the mixing effect and ensuring that the gas reaches the required uniform mixing state before entering the fuel cell.

[0412] No resistance: The tip of the V-shaped baffle is narrower, which reduces the resistance of the gas when it enters the baffle area and ensures that the gas can smoothly enter the space on both sides of the baffle.

[0413] Enhanced turbulence: The tail of the V-shaped baffle is wider, forming a vortex, which enhances the turbulence of the gas and further improves the mixing effect.

[0414] Multi-directional mixing: The first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 are perpendicular to each other, and the angles between different baffles are different. They are staggered and arranged to continuously divide and overlap the mixed gas, further enhancing the gas mixing effect.

[0415] Practical Application

[0416] Optimizing the mixing effect: By adjusting the arrangement and posture of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37, the mixing effect can be optimized according to specific test requirements and gas characteristics to ensure the uniformity of the mixed gas.

[0417] Adaptability to different gases: The design of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 enables the mixer to adapt to different types of gases, whether it is a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen or a mixture of other gases, to achieve a good mixing effect.

[0418] Improve test accuracy: By optimizing the arrangement and posture of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37, the uniformity of the mixed gas can be improved, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the fuel cell nitrogen tolerance test.

[0419] In some embodiments of the present application, the first V-shaped baffle 36 divides the gas entering the mixer 3 into two streams, changing the flow direction and path of the gas to form a vortex;

[0420] The second V-shaped baffle 37 further divides the gas flowing through the first V-shaped baffle 36 , changes the flow direction and path of the gas, and forms a secondary vortex.

[0421] Specifically, the first V-shaped baffle 36:

[0422] Function: Split the gas entering the mixer 3 into two streams, change the flow direction and path of the gas, and form a vortex.

[0423] Specific working principle:

[0424] Gas Splitting: The tip of the first V-shaped baffle 36 is narrower and faces the mixer inlet 33. When gas enters the mixer 3 from the mixer inlet 33, it first encounters the tip of the first V-shaped baffle 36. The narrow tip splits the gas into two streams, which flow through the spaces on either side of the baffle.

[0425] Changing the flow direction and path: Due to the inclination angle of the first V-shaped baffle 36 (the V-shaped angle is 50°-70°), the gas will be displaced when passing through the baffle, changing the flow direction and path. This displacement redistributes the gas molecules, further promoting mixing.

[0426] Vortex formation: The tail of the first V-shaped baffle 36 is wider, facing toward the mixer outlet 34. As the gas flows through the tail of the baffle, its cross-sectional area rapidly expands, forming a vortex. This vortex enhances gas mixing, allowing different gas molecules to more fully contact and mix.

[0427] Second V-shaped baffle 37:

[0428] Function: further divide the gas flowing through the first V-shaped baffle 36, change the flow direction and path of the gas, and form a secondary vortex.

[0429] Specific working principle:

[0430] Further gas division: The tip of the second V-shaped baffle 37 is also narrower and faces the mixer inlet 33. When the gas flows through the first V-shaped baffle 36 and enters the area of ​​the second V-shaped baffle 37, it is again divided into two streams by the tip of the second V-shaped baffle 37, flowing through the spaces on both sides of the baffle.

[0431] Changing the flow direction and path: Due to the inclination angle of the second V-shaped baffle 37 (the V-shaped angle is 50°-70°), the gas is displaced again when passing through the baffle, further changing the flow direction and path. This displacement redistributes the gas molecules, further promoting mixing.

[0432] Secondary vortex formation: The tail of the second V-shaped baffle 37 is wider, facing toward the mixer outlet 34. As the gas flows through the tail of the second V-shaped baffle 37, its cross-sectional area rapidly expands again, forming a secondary vortex. The generation of the secondary vortex further enhances the mixing effect of the gas, allowing different gas molecules to more fully contact and mix.

[0433] Detailed explanation

[0434] Working process of the first V-shaped baffle 36:

[0435] Gas entry: The mixed gas enters the mixer 3 from the mixer gas inlet 33 .

[0436] Initial division: The gas first contacts the tip of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and is divided into two streams, which flow from the spaces on both sides of the baffle.

[0437] Initial displacement: Due to the inclination angle of the first V-shaped baffle 36, the gas is displaced when passing through the baffle, changing the flow direction and path.

[0438] Primary vortex: When the gas flows through the tail of the first V-shaped baffle 36, the cross-sectional area expands rapidly, forming a vortex. The generation of the vortex enhances the mixing effect of the gas.

[0439] Working process of the second V-shaped baffle 37:

[0440] Gas inflow: The gas flowing through the first V-shaped baffle 36 enters the area of ​​the second V-shaped baffle 37 .

[0441] Secondary division: The gas contacts the tip of the second V-shaped baffle 37 again and is further divided into two streams, which flow from the spaces on both sides of the baffle.

[0442] Secondary displacement: Due to the inclination angle of the second V-shaped baffle 37, the gas is displaced again when passing through the baffle, further changing the flow direction and path.

[0443] Secondary vortex: When the gas flows through the tail of the second V-shaped baffle 37, the cross-sectional area rapidly expands again, forming a secondary vortex. The generation of the secondary vortex further enhances the mixing effect of the gas.

[0444] Functions and effects

[0445] Splitting gas:

[0446] The first V-shaped baffle 36 preliminarily divides the gas entering the mixer 3 into two streams, which flow through the spaces on both sides of the baffle.

[0447] The second V-shaped baffle 37 further divides the gas and flows through the space on both sides of the baffle.

[0448] Change flow direction and path:

[0449] The first V-shaped baffle 36 changes the flow direction and path of the gas to redistribute the gas molecules.

[0450] The second V-shaped baffle 37 further changes the flow direction and path of the gas to redistribute the gas molecules.

[0451] Vortex formation:

[0452] The first V-shaped baffle 36 forms a vortex at the tail to enhance the mixing effect of the gas.

[0453] The second V-shaped baffle 37 forms a secondary vortex at the tail to further enhance the mixing effect of the gas.

[0454] Enhanced perturbation:

[0455] The first V-shaped baffle 36 enhances gas disturbance through the design of the tip and tail.

[0456] The second V-shaped baffle 37 further enhances the disturbance of the gas through the design of the tip and tail.

[0457] Advantages

[0458] Efficient mixing: The perpendicular distribution and staggered arrangement of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 allow the gas to be continuously divided, displaced, and overlapped as it passes through the baffles, thereby enhancing the mixing effect and ensuring that the gas reaches the required uniform mixing state before entering the fuel cell.

[0459] No resistance: The tip of the V-shaped baffle is narrower, which reduces the resistance of the gas when it enters the baffle area and ensures that the gas can smoothly enter the space on both sides of the baffle.

[0460] Enhanced turbulence: The tail of the V-shaped baffle is wider, forming a vortex, which enhances the turbulence of the gas and further improves the mixing effect.

[0461] Multi-directional mixing: The first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 are perpendicular to each other, and the angles between different baffles are different. They are staggered and arranged to continuously divide and overlap the mixed gas, further enhancing the gas mixing effect.

[0462] Practical Application

[0463] Optimizing the mixing effect: By adjusting the arrangement and posture of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37, the mixing effect can be optimized according to specific test requirements and gas characteristics to ensure the uniformity of the mixed gas.

[0464] Adaptability to different gases: The design of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37 enables the mixer 3 to adapt to different types of gases, whether it is a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen or a mixture of other gases, to achieve a good mixing effect.

[0465] Improve test accuracy: By optimizing the arrangement and posture of the first V-shaped baffle 36 and the second V-shaped baffle 37, the uniformity of the mixed gas can be improved, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the fuel cell nitrogen tolerance test.

[0466] In some embodiments of the present application, the mixer water inlet 31 and the mixer air outlet 34 are arranged on one side, and the mixer water outlet 32 ​​and the mixer air inlet 33 are arranged on one side, so that the flow directions of hot water and gas are opposite.

[0467] Specifically, the mixer water inlet 31:

[0468] Position: Set on one side of the mixer 3.

[0469] Function: Used to connect high-temperature liquid (such as hot water) to heat the mixer 3.

[0470] Detailed explanation: High-temperature liquid enters the mixer hot water flow channel 35 through the mixer water inlet 31, heating the gas inside the mixer 3. This design ensures that the hot water can be evenly distributed inside the outer wall of the mixer 3, heating the gas inside the mixer 3 through heat conduction.

[0471] Mixer outlet 34:

[0472] Position: Set on the same side of the mixer 3 and the mixer water inlet 31.

[0473] Function: Used to deliver fully mixed gas to the fuel cell.

[0474] Detailed explanation: The fully mixed gas is delivered to the fuel cell through the mixer outlet 34, ensuring the gas reaches the required uniform mixing state before entering the fuel cell. The design of the mixer outlet 34 ensures smooth gas output without creating resistance to gas flow.

[0475] Mixer outlet 32:

[0476] Position: Set on the other side of mixer 3.

[0477] Function: Used to discharge low-temperature liquid that has completed heat exchange.

[0478] Detailed explanation: After the heat exchange is completed, the low-temperature liquid is discharged through the mixer outlet 32, maintaining continuous heating inside the mixer. This design ensures the recycling of hot water and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0479] Mixer air inlet 33:

[0480] Position: Set on the same side of the mixer 3 and the mixer outlet 32.

[0481] Function: Used to access the mixed gas from Tesla valve 2.

[0482] Detailed explanation: The mixed gas enters the mixer air inlet 33 through the outlet 22 of the Tesla valve 2 and enters the mixer 3 for mixing. The design of the mixer air inlet 33 ensures the smooth entry of the gas without causing resistance to the gas flow.

[0483] Design with opposite flow direction

[0484] Hot water flow direction:

[0485] From the mixer water inlet 31 to the mixer water outlet 32 ​​: the high-temperature liquid enters from the mixer water inlet 31 , flows along the hot water flow channel 35 inside the outer wall of the mixer 3 , and is finally discharged from the mixer water outlet 32 ​​.

[0486] Detailed explanation: Hot water enters from the bottom and flows upward along the inner wall of the mixer 3, heating the gas inside the mixer 3 through heat conduction. This design ensures that the hot water is evenly distributed throughout the mixer 3, improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0487] Gas flow direction:

[0488] From the mixer air inlet 33 to the mixer air outlet 34 : the mixed gas enters from the mixer air inlet 33 , flows along the inside of the mixer, and is finally discharged from the mixer air outlet 34 .

[0489] Detailed explanation: The mixed gas enters from one side, flows along the interior of the mixer 3, is divided, displaced, and vortexed by the V-shaped baffles, and is finally discharged from the mixer outlet 34 on the other side. This design ensures that the gas is fully mixed inside the mixer 3, improving the mixing effect.

[0490] Detailed explanation

[0491] Hot water flow direction:

[0492] Mixer water inlet 31: High-temperature liquid enters the mixer from the mixer water inlet 31 and enters the mixer hot water flow channel 35.

[0493] Mixer hot water flow channel 35: High-temperature liquid flows upward along the inner portion of the outer wall of the mixer 3 in the mixer hot water flow channel 35, heating the gas inside the mixer 3 through heat conduction.

[0494] Mixer water outlet 32: The low-temperature liquid after completing heat exchange is discharged from the mixer water outlet 32.

[0495] Gas flow direction:

[0496] Mixer air inlet 33: The mixed gas enters from the mixer air inlet 33 and enters the interior of the mixer 3.

[0497] Inside the mixer 3: The mixed gas is fully mixed inside the mixer through the division, displacement and vortex formation of the V-shaped baffle.

[0498] Mixer gas outlet 34: The fully mixed gas is discharged from the mixer gas outlet 34 and transported to the fuel cell.

[0499] Advantages

[0500] Efficient heat exchange: The hot water and gas flow in opposite directions, so that the hot water can evenly heat the gas inside the mixer during the flow process, improving the heat exchange efficiency and ensuring that the gas temperature rises to above 50°C.

[0501] Uniform heating: Hot water enters from the bottom and flows upward along the inner wall of the mixer 3, ensuring that the hot water is evenly distributed throughout the mixer 3, avoiding local overheating or cold spots, and improving heating uniformity.

[0502] Enhanced mixing effect: The gas is fully mixed inside the mixer 3 through the segmentation, displacement and vortex formation of the V-shaped baffle. The heating effect of hot water further enhances the movement of gas molecules and improves the mixing effect.

[0503] Compact structure: the mixer water inlet 31 and the mixer air outlet 34 are arranged on one side, and the mixer water outlet 32 ​​and the mixer air inlet 33 are arranged on the other side, so that the entire device has a compact structure and is easy to install and maintain.

[0504] Practical Application

[0505] Optimized heat exchange: The opposite flow direction of hot water and gas is designed to optimize the heat exchange effect, ensuring that the gas reaches the required temperature and mixing uniformity before entering the fuel cell.

[0506] Improved test accuracy: By optimizing the structure and flow direction of the mixer 3, the uniformity of the mixed gas is improved, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the fuel cell nitrogen tolerance test.

[0507] Energy saving and consumption reduction: The recycling of hot water and efficient heat exchange design reduce the energy consumption required for heating and improve the energy efficiency of the system.

[0508] Anything not described in this application can be achieved by adopting or drawing on existing technologies.

[0509] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0510] The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should all be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel cell gas mixing device, characterized in that: include: A three-way valve is used to combine gases from different sources and deliver them to the Tesla valve; Tesla valve, used to prevent the backflow of mixed gas and ensure the smooth passage of gas in forward flow; Mixer, used to fully mix gases from different sources; The three-way valve and the Tesla valve are connected via a clamp structure, and the Tesla valve and the mixer are connected via a clamp structure.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The three-way valve includes: a first air inlet channel of the three-way valve, a second air inlet channel of the three-way valve and an air outlet channel of the three-way valve; the first air inlet channel port of the three-way valve, the second air inlet channel port of the three-way valve and the air outlet channel port of the three-way valve are provided with a three-way valve sealing groove, and a sealing ring is provided outside the three-way valve sealing groove.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The Tesla valve includes: a Tesla valve inlet, a Tesla valve outlet and a Tesla valve flow channel; the Tesla valve inlet and the Tesla valve outlet are connected through the Tesla valve flow channel.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The mixer comprises: a mixer water inlet, a mixer water outlet, a mixer air inlet, a mixer air outlet, a mixer hot water flow channel, a first V-shaped baffle and a second V-shaped baffle.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The water inlet of the mixer is used to receive high-temperature liquid to heat the mixer; The mixer water outlet is used to discharge the low-temperature liquid that has completed heat exchange; The mixer air inlet is used to receive the mixed gas from the Tesla valve; The mixer gas outlet is used to deliver the fully mixed gas to the fuel cell; The mixer hot water flow channel is arranged inside the outer wall of the mixer and is used to circulate high-temperature liquid to heat the mixer; The mixer air inlet and the mixer air outlet are further provided with sealing grooves.

6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that Tip ends of the first V-shaped baffle and the second V-shaped baffle face toward the air inlet of the mixer, and tail ends of the first V-shaped baffle and the second V-shaped baffle face toward the air outlet of the mixer.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that The V-shaped included angle between the first V-shaped baffle and the second V-shaped baffle is 50°-70°.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The first V-shaped baffle is in a first posture, and the second V-shaped baffle is in a second posture.

9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The first V-shaped baffle divides the gas entering the mixer into two streams, changes the flow direction and path of the gas, and forms a vortex; The second V-shaped baffle further divides the gas flowing through the first V-shaped baffle, changes the flow direction and path of the gas, and forms a secondary vortex.

10. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The water inlet of the mixer and the air outlet of the mixer are arranged on one side, and the water outlet of the mixer and the air inlet of the mixer are arranged on one side, so that the flow directions of hot water and gas are opposite.

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