Optical system applied to 3D printing
By combining an optical system consisting of a laser light source, optical fiber, collimator, isolator, focusing mirror, and galvanometer module, the problem that existing 3D printing optical systems cannot balance printing effects and costs is solved, achieving efficient and economical spot forming.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422224778.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-11
AI Technical Summary
Existing 3D printing optical systems cannot achieve both good printing effects and low costs. Single-piece field lenses have distortion and field curvature, multi-piece field lenses have complex structures and high costs, and telecentric flat-field lenses have large requirements for the scanning angle of the galvanometer.
An optical system consisting of a laser light source, an optical fiber, a collimator, an isolator, a focusing mirror, and a galvanometer module is used. The collimated light beam is focused by the focusing mirror, and the galvanometer module is used to control the beam exit angle so that the field of view angle is always 0°, thus avoiding distortion and field curvature.
The light spot shape is rounder, the energy distribution is more uniform, the printing effect is good and the cost is low, the structure is simple and the size is small.
Smart Images
Figure CN223326960U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of 3D printing technology, and in particular to an optical system used in 3D printing. Background Art
[0002] 3D printing technologies can be broadly categorized into seven main categories: binder jetting, directed energy deposition, material extrusion, material jetting, powder bed fusion, sheet lamination, and vat photopolymerization. Powder bed fusion processes include electron beam melting (EBM), selective laser sintering (SLS), and selective heat sintering (SHS) printing technologies. This method uses an electron beam or laser to melt or fuse material powders together. Materials that can be used in this process include metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, and hybrids. In LS (laser sintering) 3D printing, a laser beam is focused at a sintering point. Metal powder pre-coated at this point is then solidified point by point under the laser's irradiation, resulting in a 3D printed part. A wide variety of laser 3D printing equipment utilizes this printing method, resulting in varying print quality and high costs, making it unsuitable for the general public.
[0003] Existing 3D printing optical systems are mostly designed using a galvanometer plus field lens solution. This solution uses the oscillation of the galvanometer to change the field angle of the light incident on the field lens. This change in field angle causes the light spot to focus in different locations. Field lenses are categorized by the number of lenses into single-piece field lenses and multi-piece field lenses, and by function into ordinary flat-field lenses and telecentric flat-field lenses. Single-piece field lenses exhibit light spot distortion and field curvature at large angles, resulting in poor printing results and larger size. While multi-piece field lenses offer improved printing results, they often use a combination of lenses made of multiple different materials, resulting in a complex structure and high cost. Telecentric flat-field lenses offer better printing results than ordinary flat-field lenses, but require a wider scanning angle for the galvanometer.
[0004] In summary, existing 3D printing optical systems cannot achieve both impressive printing effects and low costs. To this end, the present invention proposes an optical system for 3D printing. Utility Model Content
[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an optical system for 3D printing, which has the advantages of good printing effect and low cost.
[0006] In view of this, the present application provides an optical system for 3D printing, comprising: a laser light source, an optical fiber, a collimator, an isolator, a focusing mirror, and a galvanometer module;
[0007] One end of the optical fiber is connected to the output port of the laser light source, and the other end is connected to the collimator; the focusing lens is arranged on the output light path of the collimator;
[0008] The isolator is arranged between the collimator and the focusing mirror, and is used to cut off the light beam reflected back into the system when the light beam hits the surface of the high-reflective material;
[0009] The galvanometer module is arranged on the output light path of the focusing mirror and is used to control the output angle of the light beam.
[0010] Optionally, the galvanometer module includes a swingable X-direction reflector, a first driving component for controlling the swing angle of the X-direction reflector, a swingable Y-direction reflector, and a second driving component for controlling the swing angle of the Y-direction reflector.
[0011] Optionally, the first drive assembly includes a first motor; the second drive assembly includes a second motor.
[0012] Optionally, a window mirror is provided at the output port of the galvanometer module.
[0013] Optionally, the optical axis of the focusing mirror is coaxial with the optical axis of the collimator.
[0014] Optionally, the collimator is a single-mode fiber collimator.
[0015] Optionally, the focusing lens is a telephoto lens.
[0016] Optionally, the telephoto lens is an aspherical lens or a lens group.
[0017] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages: the optical system used for 3D printing has a simple structure, which includes a laser light source, an optical fiber, a collimator, an isolator, a focusing mirror and a galvanometer module. One end of the optical fiber is connected to the output port of the laser light source, and the other end is connected to the collimator; the focusing mirror is arranged on the output optical path of the collimator; the isolator is arranged between the collimator and the focusing mirror, and is used to cut off the light beam reflected back into the system when the light beam hits the surface of a highly reflective material; the galvanometer module is arranged on the output optical path of the focusing mirror, and is used to control the output angle of the light beam. The collimated light beam shaped by the collimator is focused by the focusing mirror, and then the output angle of the light beam is controlled by the galvanometer module. Therefore, the field of view angle of the light beam hitting the focusing mirror is always 0°, thereby avoiding distortion and field curvature caused by changes in the field of view angle, making the light spot shape more round and the energy distribution more uniform, with the advantages of good printing effect and low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an optical system used in 3D printing in an embodiment of the present application;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the galvanometer module in an embodiment of the present application;
[0020] Wherein, the accompanying drawings are marked as follows:
[0021] 1-Laser light source, 2-Optical fiber, 3-Collimator, 4-Isolator, 5-Focusing mirror, 6-Galvanometer module, 61-X-direction reflector, 62-Y-direction reflector, 7-Window mirror. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] In order to help those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0024] Unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed, removable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application.
[0025] This application provides an embodiment of an optical system for 3D printing. Figure 1 .
[0026] The optical system used for 3D printing in this embodiment includes: a laser light source 1, an optical fiber 2, a collimator 3, an isolator 4, a focusing mirror 5 and a galvanometer module 6. One end of the optical fiber 2 is connected to the output port of the laser light source 1, and the other end is connected to the collimator 3; the focusing mirror 5 is arranged on the output optical path of the collimator 3; the isolator 4 is arranged between the collimator 3 and the focusing mirror 5, and is used to cut off the light beam reflected back into the system when it is irradiated on the surface of a highly reflective material; the galvanometer module 6 is arranged on the output optical path of the focusing mirror 5, and is used to control the emission angle of the light beam.
[0027] It should be noted that the optical system used in 3D printing has a simple structure. The collimated light beam shaped by the collimator 3 is focused by the focusing mirror 5, and then the emission angle of the light beam is controlled by the galvanometer module 6. Therefore, the field of view angle of the light beam hitting the focusing mirror 5 is always 0°, thereby avoiding the distortion and field curvature caused by the change of the field of view angle, making the light spot shape more round and the energy distribution more uniform, with the advantages of good printing effect and low cost.
[0028] The above is an embodiment of an optical system for 3D printing provided by the embodiment of the present application. The following is an embodiment of an optical system for 3D printing provided by the embodiment of the present application. For details, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 .
[0029] The optical system used for 3D printing in this embodiment includes: a laser light source 1, an optical fiber 2, a collimator 3, an isolator 4, a focusing mirror 5, and a galvanometer module 6. One end of the optical fiber 2 is connected to the output port of the laser light source 1, and the other end is connected to the collimator 3. The focusing mirror 5 is arranged in the output optical path of the collimator 3. The isolator 4 is arranged between the collimator 3 and the focusing mirror 5 to cut off the light beam reflected back into the system when it hits the surface of a highly reflective material. The galvanometer module 6 is arranged in the output optical path of the focusing mirror 5 to control the output angle of the light beam. Specifically, the isolator 4 and the focusing mirror 5 can be fixed to the same base plate at intervals.
[0030] The galvanometer module 6 includes a swingable X-direction reflector 61 , a first driving assembly for controlling the swing angle of the X-direction reflector 61 , a swingable Y-direction reflector 62 , and a second driving assembly for controlling the swing angle of the Y-direction reflector 62 .
[0031] It can be understood that the galvanometer module 6 controls the emission angle of the light beam by controlling the swing angle of the X-direction reflector 61 and the swing angle of the Y-direction reflector 62. Specifically, the light beam passes through the X-direction reflector 61 and is reflected on the Y-direction reflector 62, and then reflected out of the galvanometer module 6 through the Y-direction reflector 62. The swing angle of the galvanometer module 6 and the distance from the galvanometer module 6 to the working surface determine the size of the working range (the working range is the product of the swing angle of the galvanometer module 6 and the distance from the galvanometer module 6 to the working surface).
[0032] The first driving assembly includes a first motor, and the second driving assembly includes a second motor. The first motor drives the X-direction reflector 61 , and the second motor drives the Y-direction reflector 62 .
[0033] The output port of the galvanometer module 6 is provided with a window mirror 7 . By using the window mirror 7 to seal the output port of the galvanometer module 6 , the function of light transmission and dust prevention is achieved.
[0034] The optical axis of the focusing mirror 5 is coaxial with the optical axis of the collimator 3 .
[0035] The collimator 3 is a single-mode fiber collimator 3, so that the nearly collimated beam shaped by the single-mode fiber collimator 3 is a single-mode beam, and the beam quality factor M 2 <1.4.
[0036] The focusing lens 5 is a telephoto lens, and the number of the telephoto lens is one. Specifically, the telephoto lens can be an aspherical lens or a lens group.
[0037] It should be noted that: since the focusing mirror 5 of this optical system has only one lens, while the existing technology generally requires three or more lenses to optimize the focusing of a large-angle field of view light beam, this optical system is simpler in structure, smaller in size, and lower in cost than the existing technology.
[0038] In specific implementation, the light output by laser light source 1 becomes a divergent circular spot after passing through optical fiber 2. After passing through collimator 3, the beam is shaped into a near-collimated beam with a beam diameter of 7 mm and a divergence angle of less than 1 mrad. Isolator 4 has an anti-reflection function, effectively blocking the beam reflected back into the system when it hits highly reflective surfaces. Focusing mirror 5, located in the output optical path of collimator 3, focuses the near-collimated beam after passing through isolator 4. Finally, galvanometer module 6 controls the beam's exit angle. This effectively solves the problem of existing technologies that cannot balance spot quality and cost.
[0039] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims
1. An optical system for 3D printing, characterized in that: include: Laser light source, optical fiber, collimator, isolator, focusing mirror and galvanometer module; One end of the optical fiber is connected to the output port of the laser light source, and the other end is connected to the collimator; the focusing lens is arranged on the output light path of the collimator; The isolator is arranged between the collimator and the focusing mirror, and is used to cut off the light beam reflected back into the system when the light beam hits the surface of the high-reflective material; The galvanometer module is arranged on the output light path of the focusing mirror and is used to control the output angle of the light beam.
2. The optical system for 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The galvanometer module includes a swingable X-direction reflector, a first driving component for controlling the swing angle of the X-direction reflector, a swingable Y-direction reflector, and a second driving component for controlling the swing angle of the Y-direction reflector.
3. The optical system for 3D printing according to claim 2, wherein: The first drive assembly includes a first motor; the second drive assembly includes a second motor.
4. The optical system for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein: The output port of the galvanometer module is provided with a window mirror.
5. The optical system for 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein: The optical axis of the focusing mirror is coaxial with the optical axis of the collimator.
6. The optical system for 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collimator is a single-mode optical fiber collimator.
7. The optical system for 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focusing lens is a telephoto lens.
8. The optical system for 3D printing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The telephoto lens is an aspherical lens or a lens group.