Transferring and discharging mechanism for compressor shell

Abstract

The utility model relates to a compressor shell transferring and discharging mechanism which comprises a compressor shell conveying mechanism, a discharging guide rail and a shell pressing arc plate of an arc-shaped structure, and the compressor shell conveying mechanism is used for conveying a compressor shell in the conveying direction; the discharging guide rail comprises an inclined section extending downwards in an inclined mode and a straight section extending horizontally, the upper end of the inclined section is connected with the output end of the compressor shell conveying mechanism, and the lower end of the inclined section is connected with the straight section. According to the transferring and discharging mechanism for the compressor shell, the inclined section is matched with the shell pressing arc plate, so that the discharging process of the compressor shell is effectively controlled, the falling speed and impact force of the compressor shell can be obviously reduced, and the working efficiency of the compressor shell is improved. And collision and damage caused by free falling of the compressor shell in the discharging process are effectively avoided, and therefore the product quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of compressor housing manufacturing equipment, in particular to a compressor housing transfer and unloading mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In modern compressor manufacturing, the compressor housing, as a core component, undergoes multiple critical processes, including stamping, casting, and machining. Material transfer between these processes, particularly the efficient and stable handling of irregularly shaped, semi-finished compressor housings, has long been a significant bottleneck restricting production efficiency.

[0003] Currently, there are various methods for transferring and unloading compressor casings. Early methods relied primarily on manual handling, but this method is inefficient, labor-intensive, and prone to damage to the compressor casings, compromising product quality. With the development of automation technology, automated transfer and unloading mechanisms have begun to be used.

[0004] A common automation solution uses a simple conveyor belt with baffles for unloading. While this approach is relatively simple and low-cost, the compressor housing often slides or rolls off the conveyor belt, making it prone to collisions and accumulation, which can cause scratches or deformation on the compressor housing surface. Another common automation approach uses a manipulator or robot for grasping and placing. While this approach offers high flexibility and positioning accuracy, the procurement, maintenance, and programming costs of the manipulator or robot are very high, making it unaffordable for some small and medium-sized enterprises. Furthermore, the manipulator or robot's structure is relatively complex, making maintenance difficult. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism that realizes controllable and damage-proof unloading, stable and efficient transportation, and reduces labor requirements and damage risks.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism designed in the present invention includes a compressor casing conveying mechanism, a unloading guide rail and a compression casing arc plate with an arc-shaped structure. The compressor casing conveying mechanism is used to convey the compressor casing along the conveying direction; the unloading guide rail includes an inclined section extending obliquely downward and a straight section extending horizontally, the upper end of the inclined section is connected to the output end of the compressor casing conveying mechanism, and the lower end is connected to the straight section; the straight section is connected to the external collecting frame; the compression casing arc plate is arranged above the inclined section, and one end of the compression casing arc plate facing the compressor casing conveying mechanism is fixed to the external support structure through a pivot structure, and the other end is pressed against the compressor casing on the inclined unloading guide rail under the action of gravity; wherein, the end of the compression casing arc plate pressed against the compressor casing is located in the middle position of the inclined section or near the middle position of the lower end of the inclined section.

[0007] Preferably, guide edges are detachably mounted on both sides of the inclined section, and the distance between the two guide edges is adapted to the width of the compressor housing.

[0008] Preferably, the straight section and the inclined section have a rounded corner for smooth transition.

[0009] Preferably, the compressor casing conveying mechanism comprises:

[0010] A belt conveyor is arranged along the conveying direction;

[0011] Two circulating drive chains are arranged at intervals on both sides of the belt conveyor along the conveying direction;

[0012] A plurality of chuck assemblies are arranged on the circulating drive chain at intervals along the conveying direction and fixed to the circulating drive chain via a coupling member;

[0013] Two guide rails are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction and are respectively located on both sides of the clamping head assembly;

[0014] Wherein, the chuck assemblies are arranged in pairs, and the chuck assemblies include:

[0015] Two bases are arranged opposite to each other, the upper part of which has a threaded hole connected to the connecting member, and the lower part of which has a follower slidably mounted;

[0016] A follower is slidable along a clamping direction perpendicular to the conveying direction, a guide pulley cooperating with the guide rail is mounted on one side of the follower, and a V-shaped chuck is detachably mounted on the other side, wherein the opening direction of the V-shaped chuck is consistent with the clamping direction;

[0017] The return spring is used to provide the follower with a return force in a direction away from the clamping.

[0018] Preferably, the chain links of the circulating drive chain are fixed with an outwardly extending connecting plate, and at least two threaded holes are provided on the connecting plate along the length direction of the chain link; the connecting part is bolted through the threaded hole of the connecting plate and threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the base, thereby fixing the clamp assembly to the circulating drive chain.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes an L-shaped connecting plate and at least two threaded columns, the V-shaped clamp is detachably fixed to the first side plate of the L-shaped connecting plate; the threaded column is arranged on the second side plate of the L-shaped connecting plate; the follower is provided with a threaded hole adapted to the threaded column, and the threaded column is connected to the follower through the threaded hole.

[0020] Preferably, a wheel frame is provided on the follower, a vertical wheel axle is provided on the wheel frame, the guide pulley is coaxially fixed to the wheel axle, and the guide pulley is a waist drum wheel.

[0021] Preferably, a slide groove is provided on the lower surface of the base, and a guide rod extending along the clamping direction is provided in the slide groove; the follower has a guide sliding portion that slides with the slide groove, and the guide sliding portion has a sliding hole that matches the guide rod; a reset spring is provided in the slide groove and is sleeved on the guide rod, and both ends of the reset spring respectively abut against the guide sliding portion and the groove wall of the slide groove.

[0022] The compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism designed in this utility model effectively controls the unloading process of the compressor casing by utilizing an inclined section in conjunction with a compression casing arc plate. This significantly reduces the falling speed and impact force of the compressor casing, effectively preventing collisions and damage caused by free fall during the unloading process, thereby improving product quality. Furthermore, the compressor casing conveying mechanism utilizes a combination of belt conveying and a circulating drive chain, coupled with a specific chuck assembly, to achieve stable gripping and precise conveying of the compressor casing. This not only improves conveying efficiency but also accurately delivers the compressor casing to the unloading location, facilitating subsequent processes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined section structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the action of the chuck assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a chuck assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the base structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the circulating drive chain provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Among them: compressor casing conveying mechanism 10, belt conveyor 11, circulating drive chain 12, connecting plate 121, chuck assembly 13, guide rail 14, base 15, slide 151, guide rod 152, follower 16, wheel frame 161, wheel axle 162, guide slide part 163, guide pulley 17, return spring 18, V-shaped chuck 19, unloading guide rail 20, inclined section 21, straight section 22, guide edge 23, compression casing arc plate 30, external aggregate frame 40, L-shaped connecting plate 50, threaded column 51, connecting part 60. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism described in this embodiment is mainly composed of a compressor casing conveying mechanism 10, an unloading guide rail 20 and an arc-shaped compression casing arc plate 30, which is used to smoothly transfer the compressor casing on the production line from the conveying mechanism to the subsequent collecting frame 40.

[0032] Among them, the main function of the compressor casing conveying mechanism 10 is to stably convey the compressor casing along the preset conveying direction (clamping direction in the figure), providing a basis for subsequent unloading actions; the unloading guide rail 20 plays the important role of guiding the compressor casing to fall, and it includes an inclined section 21 extending obliquely downward and a straight section 22 extending horizontally. The upper end of the inclined section 21 is connected to the output end of the compressor casing conveying mechanism 10, and the lower end is connected to the straight section 22; the straight section 22 is connected to the external collection frame 40, guiding the compressor casing to finally enter the collection area.

[0033] The compression shell arc plate 30 is arranged above the inclined section 21, and one end of the compression shell arc plate 30 facing the compressor shell conveying mechanism 10 is fixed to the external support structure through a pivot structure, so that the compression shell arc plate 30 can rotate freely around the pivot; the other end is pressed against the compressor shell on the inclined unloading guide rail 20 under the action of gravity; wherein, the end of the compression shell arc plate 30 pressed against the compressor shell is located in the middle position of the inclined section 21 or near the middle of the lower end of the inclined section 21.

[0034] During specific operation, when the compressor casing conveying mechanism 10 conveys the compressor casing to the unloading station according to a predetermined rhythm, the compressor casing will naturally and smoothly slide from the output end of the compressor casing conveying mechanism 10 into the inclined section 21 of the unloading guide rail 20. At this time, the compression casing arc plate 30 located above the inclined section 21 is always pressed softly and stably on the sliding compressor casing under the action of its own gravity. This ingenious design can effectively control the sliding speed of the compressor casing on the inclined section 21, and significantly avoid the potential impact and collision risks caused by the free rolling or rapid sliding of the compressor casing due to gravity, thereby maximizing the protection of the surface of the compressor casing to prevent scratches or damage. As the compressor casing continues to slide along the inclined section 21 and gradually enters the horizontal straight section 22, the falling speed is further slowed down, and finally slides into the external collection frame 40 in a stable posture.

[0035] This is due to the unique arc structure of the compression shell arc plate 30. As the compressor housing slides down, the contact area between the compression shell arc plate 30 and the compressor housing gradually decreases, and the pressure applied to the compressor housing also gradually weakens until the compressor housing is completely free from the constraints of the compression shell arc plate 30. This structural design accurately realizes the effective control of the unloading speed of the compressor housing, fully ensuring the efficiency of the unloading operation and minimizing the risk of damage to the compressor housing during transportation, thereby ensuring product quality. In this embodiment, the compression shell arc plate 30 is preferably made of engineering plastic to ensure smooth sliding of the compressor housing, reduce resistance, and avoid jamming.

[0036] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, guide edges 23 are removably mounted on both sides of the inclined section 21, with the distance between the two guide edges 23 matching the width of the compressor housing. Thus, by using removable guide edges 23 and adapting their spacing to the width of the compressor housing, there is no need to design different unloading mechanisms for compressor housings of different widths; simply adjust the guide edges 23. Furthermore, by adjusting the spacing of the guide edges 23 to match the housing width, the movement trajectory of the housing on the inclined section 21 can be effectively constrained, preventing the housing from deviating, shaking, or even tipping over during the downward movement. This ensures the safe and reliable transport of the housing to subsequent workstations and reduces the potential for production interruptions or quality issues caused by unstable housing posture.

[0037] In some embodiments, as Figure 1As shown, the straight section 22 and the inclined section 21 have a smooth, rounded transition. This smooth, rounded transition ensures that the compressor housing can smoothly, continuously, and unimpededly transition from the inclined section 21 to the horizontal section 22, eliminating any sharp corners that could cause the housing to become stuck or stall. This effectively reduces the impact and vibration that the housing may experience during transport, thereby lowering the risk of damage and improving the reliability and safety of transport. Furthermore, this smooth transport method reduces the noise generated by sudden stops of the housing, improves the working environment, and enhances the overall operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0038] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, the compressor housing conveying mechanism 10 includes:

[0039] A belt conveyor 11 is arranged along the conveying direction;

[0040] Two circulating drive chains 12 are arranged at intervals on both sides of the belt conveyor 11 along the conveying direction;

[0041] A plurality of chuck assemblies 13 are arranged on the circulating drive chain 12 at intervals along the conveying direction and fixed to the circulating drive chain 12 via a coupling 60;

[0042] Two guide rails 14 are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction and are respectively located on both sides of the clamping head assembly 13;

[0043] The chuck assemblies 13 are arranged in pairs, and the chuck assemblies 13 include:

[0044] Two bases 15 are arranged opposite to each other, the upper portion of which has a threaded hole connected to the connecting member 60, and the lower portion of which has a follower 16 slidably mounted;

[0045] A follower 16 is slidable in a clamping direction perpendicular to the conveying direction. A guide pulley 17 cooperating with the guide rail 14 is mounted on one side of the follower 16, and a V-shaped clamp 19 is detachably mounted on the other side. The opening direction of the V-shaped clamp 19 is consistent with the clamping direction.

[0046] The return spring 18 is used to provide the follower 16 with a return force in a direction away from the clamping.

[0047] During specific operation, the compressor housing is driven by the belt conveyor 11 and moves smoothly to the predetermined clamping position. Subsequently, the circulating drive chain 12 on both sides of the belt conveyor 11 starts to operate synchronously, driving the clamp assembly 13 installed thereon to move toward the compressor housing. In the initial state, the return spring 18 keeps the follower 16 in a position away from the clamping direction, so that a certain distance is maintained between the V-shaped clamp 19 and the compressor housing, and it is in a loose state, avoiding any pre-contact or collision. As the circulating drive chain 12 continues to drive the base 15 forward along the guide rail 14, the follower 16 also moves synchronously. When the follower 16 continues to move, the guide pulley 17 on it will gradually contact the guide rail 14, and the guide rail 14 will then apply a force on the guide pulley 17 that is opposite to the clamping direction of the follower 16. This force will gradually compress the return spring 18 and force the follower 16 to slide along the clamping direction. As the follower 16 slides along the clamping direction, the V-shaped clamp 19 installed on it also moves inward, and the clamping openings of the two V-shaped clamps 19 on both sides gradually approach and firmly clamp the compressor housing. At this time, the circulating drive chain 12 can drive the clamp assembly 13 that clamps the compressor housing, so that it moves in mid-air to a work station where subsequent processing is required, such as deburring.

[0048] After completing a specific process, the circulating drive chain 12 continues to drive the base 15 to move until the guide pulley 17 is completely free from the constraint of the guide rail 14. Once the constraint of the guide rail 14 is lost, the return spring 18 will quickly release the previously stored energy, pushing the follower 16 to slide away from the clamping direction. The movement of the follower 16 will directly cause the V-shaped clamp 19 to loosen its grip on the compressor housing, and the compressor housing will fall freely on the inclined section 21 under the action of gravity, thus completing the unloading process. Subsequently, the clamp assembly 13 returns to its initial position, ready for the next clamping and conveying action. This cycle is repeated to achieve continuous and automated transportation of the compressor housing.

[0049] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 、 Figure 6As shown, the chain links of the circulating drive chain 12 are fixed with an outwardly extending connecting plate 121, and the connecting plate is provided with at least two threaded holes along the length direction of the chain links; the coupling 60 is passed through the threaded holes of the connecting plate by bolts and is threadedly connected to the threaded holes of the base 15, thereby fixing the clamp assembly 13 to the circulating drive chain 12. In this way, the coupling 60 is aligned with the threaded holes at different positions on the connecting plate 121, so that the installation position of the clamp assembly 13 on the drive chain 12 can be adjusted to a certain range. Thereafter, the bolt is passed through the threaded hole on the connecting plate 121 and screwed into the threaded hole on the base 15, so that the clamp assembly 13 can be firmly fixed to the circulating drive chain 12. In this embodiment, the material of the coupling 60 can be steel, which has sufficient strength to withstand the tension and torque from the clamp assembly 13. At the same time, the threaded connection method can ensure the firmness of the connection and reduce looseness.

[0050] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, it also includes an L-shaped connecting plate 50 and at least two threaded columns 51. The V-shaped clamp 19 is detachably fixed to the first side plate of the L-shaped connecting plate 50; the threaded column 51 is arranged on the second side plate of the L-shaped connecting plate 50; the follower 16 is provided with a threaded hole adapted to the threaded column 51, and the threaded column 51 is connected to the follower 16 through the threaded hole.

[0051] In specific implementation, by rotating the threaded column 51 on the L-shaped connecting plate 50, the initial position of the V-shaped clamp 19 in the clamping direction can be easily fine-tuned. This design provides a simple and effective adjustment method. For example, when it is necessary to clamp a smaller compressor housing, the threaded column 51 can be unscrewed slightly, so that the initial position of the V-shaped clamp 19 in the clamping direction moves outward (closer to the side of the compressor housing), thereby reducing the initial width distance between the two clamping openings; conversely, when it is necessary to clamp a larger compressor housing, the threaded column 51 can be screwed in slightly, so that the initial position moves inward, thereby increasing the initial width of the clamping opening. In this way, the initial clamping position of the V-shaped clamp 19 can be accurately adjusted without adjusting the overall installation position of the base 15, thereby effectively adapting to the clamping requirements of compressor housings of different specifications.

[0052] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 、 Figure 4As shown, the follower 16 is provided with a wheel frame 161, on which a vertical wheel axle 162 is provided. The guide pulley 17 is coaxially fixed to the wheel axle 162. The guide pulley 17 is a waist drum wheel. The wheel frame 161 provides stable support for the guide pulley 17, ensuring that it does not shake or tilt. The guide pulley 17 can rotate freely around the wheel axle 162, thereby reducing sliding friction and making the follower 16 run more smoothly and stably on the guide rail 14. Secondly, the solid waist drum wheel design ensures that the guide pulley 17 always remains in the center of the guide rail 14 when in contact with the guide rail 14, avoiding lateral sliding or deviation, ensuring the movement trajectory and positioning accuracy of the follower 16, and improving the stability of the chuck assembly 13.

[0053] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, a slide groove 151 is provided on the lower surface of the base 15, and a guide rod 152 extending along the clamping direction is provided in the slide groove 151; the follower 16 has a guide sliding portion 163 that slides with the slide groove 151, and the guide sliding portion 163 has a sliding hole that is adapted to the guide rod 152; a reset spring 18 is provided in the slide groove 151 and is sleeved on the guide rod 152, and the two ends of the reset spring 18 respectively abut against the guide sliding portion 163 and the groove wall of the slide groove 151.

[0054] In this way, the cooperation between the slide groove 151 and the guide rod 152 can accurately limit the movement trajectory of the follower 16, ensuring that it always performs linear reciprocating motion along the predetermined clamping direction, avoiding unnecessary shaking or tilting. Secondly, it ensures the reliability of the reset of the follower 16. The reset spring 18 always applies a reset force to the guide slide 163, so that after the external force is removed, the follower 16 can quickly and accurately return to its initial position, thereby ensuring that the V-shaped clamp 19 can release the compressor housing in time and prepare for the next clamping.

[0055] The compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism provided in this embodiment achieves effective control of the compressor casing unloading process by utilizing the coordination of an inclined section and a compression casing arc plate. This significantly reduces the falling speed and impact force of the compressor casing, effectively avoiding collisions and damage to the compressor casing caused by free fall during the unloading process, thereby improving product quality. Furthermore, the compressor casing conveying mechanism utilizes a combination of belt conveying and a circulating drive chain, coupled with a specific chuck assembly, to achieve stable clamping and precise conveying of the compressor casing. This not only improves conveying efficiency but also enables the compressor casing to be accurately delivered to the unloading location, facilitating subsequent processes.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "up", "down", "horizontal", etc. indicating orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0057] It should also be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a compressor casing conveying mechanism, a material discharge guide rail and a compression casing arc plate with an arc-shaped structure, wherein the compressor casing conveying mechanism is used to convey the compressor casing along the conveying direction; the material discharge guide rail includes an inclined section extending obliquely downward and a straight section extending horizontally, the upper end of the inclined section is connected to the output end of the compressor casing conveying mechanism, and the lower end is connected to the straight section; the straight section is connected to the external collecting frame; the compression casing arc plate is arranged above the inclined section, and one end of the compression casing arc plate facing the compressor casing conveying mechanism is fixed to the external support structure through a pivot structure, and the other end is pressed against the compressor casing on the inclined material discharge guide rail under the action of gravity; wherein, the end of the compression casing arc plate pressed against the compressor casing is located in the middle position of the inclined section or near the middle position of the lower end of the inclined section.

2. The compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guide edges are detachably mounted on both sides of the inclined section, and the distance between the two guide edges is adapted to the width of the compressor housing.

3. The compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rounded corners between the straight section and the inclined section transition smoothly.

4. The compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The compressor casing conveying mechanism comprises: A belt conveyor is arranged along the conveying direction; Two circulating drive chains are arranged at intervals on both sides of the belt conveyor along the conveying direction; A plurality of chuck assemblies are arranged on the circulating drive chain at intervals along the conveying direction and fixed to the circulating drive chain via a coupling member; Two guide rails are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction and are respectively located on both sides of the clamping head assembly; Wherein, the chuck assemblies are arranged in pairs, and the chuck assemblies include: Two bases are arranged opposite to each other, the upper part of which has a threaded hole connected to the connecting member, and the lower part of which has a follower slidably mounted; A follower is slidable along a clamping direction perpendicular to the conveying direction, a guide pulley cooperating with the guide rail is mounted on one side of the follower, and a V-shaped chuck is detachably mounted on the other side, wherein the opening direction of the V-shaped chuck is consistent with the clamping direction; The return spring is used to provide the follower with a return force in a direction away from the clamping.

5. The compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The chain links of the circulating drive chain are fixed with an outwardly extending connecting plate, and at least two threaded holes are provided on the connecting plate along the length direction of the chain link; the connecting piece is passed through the threaded hole of the connecting plate by a bolt and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the base, thereby fixing the clamp assembly to the circulating drive chain.

6. The compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes an L-shaped connecting plate and at least two threaded columns, the V-shaped clamp is detachably fixed to the first side plate of the L-shaped connecting plate; the threaded column is arranged on the second side plate of the L-shaped connecting plate; the follower is provided with a threaded hole adapted to the threaded column, and the threaded column is connected to the follower through the threaded hole.

7. The compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A wheel frame is provided on the follower, a vertical wheel axle is provided on the wheel frame, the guide pulley is coaxially fixed to the wheel axle, and the guide pulley is a waist drum wheel.

8. The compressor casing transfer and unloading mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sliding groove is provided on the lower surface of the base, and a guide rod extending along the clamping direction is provided in the sliding groove; the follower has a sliding guide portion that slides with the sliding groove, and the sliding guide portion has a sliding hole that matches the guide rod; a reset spring is provided in the sliding groove and is sleeved on the guide rod, and the two ends of the reset spring respectively abut against the sliding guide portion and the groove wall of the sliding groove.

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