Automatic control system of disaster relief emergency generator

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic control system of a disaster relief emergency generator, which relates to the technical field of automatic control systems of disaster relief emergency generators and comprises a fuel generator, a control mainboard, a vibration sensor, a voltage transformer, a current transformer and an automatic charger. The fuel generator, the vibration sensor, the voltage transformer, the current transformer and the automatic charger are all electrically connected with the control mainboard, the automatic charger is electrically connected with the fuel generator, the control mainboard is provided with a relay K3, and the relay K4 is electrically connected with coils of the alternating current contactor K1 and the alternating current contactor K2; a coil of the alternating current contactor K1 is connected in series with a normally closed auxiliary contact of the alternating current contactor K2, and a coil of the alternating current contactor K2 is connected in series with a normally closed auxiliary contact of the alternating current contactor K1; a main contact of the alternating current contactor K1 is connected with the mains supply, and a main contact of the alternating current contactor K2 is electrically connected with the fuel generator. The utility model has the advantages that the time required for starting the fuel generator is saved, and the safety is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of automatic control systems for disaster relief emergency generators, in particular to an automatic control system for disaster relief emergency generators. Background Art

[0002] Large-scale power and water outages often occur after earthquakes. In particular, after a power outage, lighting, elevators, medical equipment and other equipment stop working, causing people inside buildings or mines to be trapped in elevators or the ventilators on ICU beds to stop working.

[0003] In existing technologies, after a power outage caused by an earthquake, emergency generators automatically start up within a short period of time to resume power supply. However, these generators lack the ability to detect seismic signals immediately after an earthquake, preventing them from starting up in advance. Furthermore, they take 1.5 to several tens of seconds to restore power after a mains power outage, resulting in delayed response and low safety standards. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an automatic control system for a disaster relief emergency generator to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model discloses an automatic control system for a disaster relief emergency generator, comprising a fuel generator, a control mainboard, a vibration sensor, a voltage transformer, a current transformer, and an automatic charger; the fuel generator, vibration sensor, voltage transformer, current transformer, and automatic charger are all electrically connected to the control mainboard, the automatic charger is electrically connected to the fuel generator, the control mainboard is provided with a relay K3 and a relay K4, and the relays K3 and K4 are electrically connected to the coils of the AC contactors K1 and K2;

[0007] The AC contactor K1 and the AC contactor K2 are both provided with main contacts and normally closed auxiliary contacts. The coil of the AC contactor K1 is connected in series with the normally closed auxiliary contact of the AC contactor K2, and the coil of the AC contactor K2 is connected in series with the normally closed auxiliary contact of the AC contactor K1.

[0008] The main contacts of the AC contactor K1 are connected to the mains, and the main contacts of the AC contactor K2 are electrically connected to the fuel generator.

[0009] As an improvement, the control main board is further provided with a relay K5, and the relay K5 controls the automatic charger to charge the battery of the fuel generator.

[0010] The advantages of this new system over existing technologies are as follows: when an earthquake occurs, the vibration sensor detects strong vibrations, and the control board instructs the fuel-fired generator to start generating electricity in advance. This allows the system to switch to the fuel-fired generator within 0.1 to 0.5 seconds, successfully restoring power if the utility power fails. This reduces the time required to start the fuel-fired generator and provides increased safety. If the utility power does not fail, the system will shut down the generator 15 minutes after the vibrations stop. Furthermore, if the current detection is abnormal, the system can immediately cut off the power supply, preventing short circuits or equipment jams and overloads after a disaster. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings listed below are only some structural schematic diagrams of the present invention, not all of them.

[0012] Figure 1 The utility model is a system principle diagram of an automatic control system for a disaster relief emergency generator.

[0013] Figure 2 The utility model is a circuit principle diagram of AC contactor K1 and AC contactor K2 of an automatic control system for a disaster relief emergency generator.

[0014] Figure 3 The utility model is a circuit principle diagram of a vibration sensor of an automatic control system of a disaster relief emergency generator.

[0015] Figure 4 The utility model is a circuit principle diagram of a voltage transformer of an automatic control system for a disaster relief emergency generator.

[0016] Figure 5 The utility model is a circuit principle diagram of a current transformer of an automatic control system for a disaster relief emergency generator.

[0017] Figure 6 The utility model is a charging circuit principle diagram of an automatic control system for a disaster relief emergency generator.

[0018] Reference numerals: DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" is intended solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "overhanging" does not necessarily imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging; rather, a slight tilt is permitted. For example, "horizontal" simply refers to a direction that is more horizontal than "vertical," not to implying that the structure must be perfectly horizontal; rather, a slight tilt is permitted.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, if the terms "multiple" or "several" appear, they represent at least two.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0024] This embodiment combines the attached Figures 1 to 6 , a disaster relief emergency generator automatic control system is described in detail.

[0025] This embodiment provides an automatic control system for a disaster relief emergency generator, comprising a fuel generator, a control mainboard, a vibration sensor, a voltage transformer, a current transformer, and an automatic charger. The fuel generator, vibration sensor, voltage transformer, current transformer, and automatic charger are all electrically connected to the control mainboard, which can control operations such as starting and stopping the fuel generator. The vibration sensor, voltage transformer, and current transformer can respectively detect ground vibrations, mains power and generator voltages, and mains power and generator currents, and can further determine whether the mains power is off, undervoltage, overvoltage, or overcurrent. The automatic charger is electrically connected to the fuel generator, and the control mainboard is provided with relays K3 and K4, which are electrically connected to the coils of AC contactors K1 and K2. The control mainboard can control the closing and opening of AC contactors K1 and K2, respectively.

[0026] The AC contactors K1 and K2 are both provided with main contacts and normally closed auxiliary contacts. The coil of the AC contactor K1 is connected in series with the normally closed auxiliary contact of the AC contactor K2, and the coil of the AC contactor K2 is connected in series with the normally closed auxiliary contact of the AC contactor K1; so that the coils of the AC contactors K1 and K2 cannot be energized at the same time, forming an interlocking relationship.

[0027] The main contacts of AC contactor K1 are connected to the mains, while the main contacts of AC contactor K2 are electrically connected to the fuel-powered generator. The output terminals of AC contactors K1 and K2 are connected in parallel, allowing both to power the load. However, due to the interlocking relationship between AC contactors K1 and K2, both the mains and the generator cannot simultaneously power the load. The main contacts of AC contactor K1 control the on / off of the mains, while the main contacts of AC contactor K2 control the on / off of the fuel-powered generator circuit.

[0028] The control main board is also provided with a relay K5, which controls the automatic charger to charge the battery of the fuel generator, ensuring that the generator can be started normally at any time.

[0029] In specific implementation, Figure 2As shown, the mains power is connected to the input of AC contactor K1, and the output of the fuel generator is connected to the input of AC contactor K2. The outputs of AC contactors K1 and K2 are connected in parallel and then connected to the load. Therefore, when AC contactor K1 is closed and AC contactor K2 is open, the load is powered by the mains power. When AC contactor K1 is open and AC contactor K2 is closed, the load is powered by the generator. When both AC contactors K1 and K2 are open, the load is deenergized. To prevent conflict between the two power sources due to phase and frequency asynchrony caused by the simultaneous closing of AC contactors K1 and K2, the normally closed auxiliary contact of AC contactor K1 is connected in series with the coil of AC contactor K2. This means that if AC contactor K1 is closed, the auxiliary contact of AC contactor K1 is open, and the coil of AC contactor K2 is deenergized, preventing AC contactor K2 from closing. Therefore, when AC contactor K1 is closed, AC contactor K2 must be open, and vice versa.

[0030] Relays K3 and K4 are two relays on the control board, controlled by the motherboard's MCU. When relay K3 closes, the coil of AC contactor K1 is energized, closing AC contactor K1 and supplying AC power to the load. Conversely, when relay K4 closes, the coil of AC contactor K2 is energized, closing AC contactor K2 and supplying power to the load from the generator.

[0031] The control mainboard is connected to the vibration sensor, voltage transformer and current transformer respectively to collect vibration signals, voltage signals and current signals respectively.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the vibration sensor consists of a piezoelectric ceramic disc, a spring, and a small steel ball. One end of the piezoelectric ceramic disc is welded to the substrate, and the other end is welded to a spring. A small steel ball is welded to the end of the spring. When the substrate vibrates, the small steel ball amplifies the vibration, squeezing or stretching the piezoelectric ceramic, thereby outputting an AC voltage signal. This signal completes a loop through R3, and C3 removes the high-frequency signal. The signal across R3 is amplified by an op amp circuit and then sent to the MCU's ADC port (e.g., ADC3). Periodically detecting and analyzing the data, the frequency of the vibration signal can be determined. The mean square error (MSE) of the sampled signals is calculated to determine the vibration intensity. In this embodiment, R3 is 10 kilo-ohms, but is not limited to 10 kilo-ohms. The op amp's amplification factor is approximately 50 times, but is not limited to 50 times. The value of R3 and the op amp's amplification factor depend on the vibration intensity to be detected. If weak vibration signals need to be detected, R3 should be larger or left open. If stronger vibrations need to be detected, R3 should be smaller.

[0033] like Figure 4As shown, the mains or generator voltage is relatively high. To isolate it from the control board power supply, a 1:1 voltage transformer is used. The secondary coil of the voltage transformer outputs a signal proportional to the mains voltage. After the signal passes through diode D2, the positive half-cycle signal completes a loop through R2, while the negative half-cycle is intercepted by the diode. After C2 removes high-frequency noise, the positive half-cycle power frequency signal is sent to the MCU's ADC2 port. Periodic repeated testing can determine the mains or generator frequency. The mean square error (MSE) of the sampled signals is calculated to obtain the effective voltage value. If the frequency is zero, or the voltage is below the set value, a fault is considered.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, the conductor being measured passes through a 1000:1 current transformer. After the current transformer's output signal passes through diode D1, the positive half-cycle signal completes a loop through R1, while the negative half-cycle is intercepted by the diode. After C1 removes the high-frequency signal, the positive half-cycle low-frequency signal is sent to the MCU's ADC1 port. Periodic, repeated testing can determine the frequency of the mains or generator power supply. Calculating the mean square error of the sampled signal yields the effective current value. If the current exceeds the set value, it is considered an overload or short-circuit fault. The MCU controls relay K3 or relay K4 to disconnect, thereby disconnecting AC contactor K1 or AC contactor K2, immediately disconnecting the load circuit to prevent post-disaster short circuits or equipment jams.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the mains L1, L2, and L3 are all connected to Figure 4 In such a voltage transformer circuit, the MCU can detect when any phase voltage is too low or the frequency is zero, which is considered a mains failure. At this time, the MCU controls the start of the fuel generator through the connection cable between the mainboard and the generator.

[0036] The fuel generator circuits L4, L5, and L6 are also connected Figure 4 Such a voltage transformer circuit can detect the voltage and frequency of each phase of the generator. When normal power generation is detected, the MCU controls relay K3 to open and relay K4 to close, thereby opening AC contactor K1 and closing AC contactor K2, and the load is powered by the fuel generator.

[0037] When the mains power is detected to be normal again, the MCU controls relay K4 to open and relay K3 to close, thereby opening the AC contactor K2 and closing the AC contactor K1. The load is powered by the mains power, and then the fuel generator is controlled to shut down.

[0038] like Figure 6As shown in the figure, the battery voltage is divided by R5 and R6 and connected to the MCU's ADC4 port, allowing the battery voltage to be detected. When the fuel generator is not generating power for an extended period, the battery gradually depletes, causing the voltage to drop. When the voltage drops below 12V, the mainboard controls relay K5 to close, allowing the automatic charger to charge the battery. When the voltage reaches 13.8V, relay K5 opens, halting charging. Diode D3 disconnects relay K5 when the battery voltage is above 12V and no longer requires charging. When AC power is present, the presence of diode D3 allows the power supply circuitry, including the MCU, to continue to power the mainboard, without charging the battery. When AC power is absent, relay K5 is disconnected, but the battery continues to power the mainboard through diode D3.

[0039] It usually takes 1.5 seconds to tens of seconds (depending on the type of generator) for a fuel generator to start igniting and output voltage normally. Generally, the mains power will not be disconnected immediately in the first few seconds after an earthquake.

[0040] The above description of the present invention and its embodiments is non-limiting and does not limit the scope of protection. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by this utility model should be included in the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, the scope of protection of this utility model should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A disaster relief emergency generator automatic control system, characterized in that: It includes a fuel generator, a control mainboard, a vibration sensor, a voltage transformer, a current transformer, and an automatic charger; the fuel generator, vibration sensor, voltage transformer, current transformer, and automatic charger are all electrically connected to the control mainboard, and the automatic charger is electrically connected to the fuel generator. The control mainboard is provided with relays K3 and K4, and the relays K3 and K4 are electrically connected to the coils of AC contactors K1 and K2; The AC contactor K1 and the AC contactor K2 are both provided with main contacts and normally closed auxiliary contacts. The coil of the AC contactor K1 is connected in series with the normally closed auxiliary contact of the AC contactor K2, and the coil of the AC contactor K2 is connected in series with the normally closed auxiliary contact of the AC contactor K1. The main contacts of the AC contactor K1 are connected to the mains, and the main contacts of the AC contactor K2 are electrically connected to the fuel generator.

2. The automatic control system for disaster relief emergency generators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control main board is further provided with a relay K5, and the relay K5 controls the automatic charger to charge the battery of the fuel generator.

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