Skin assembly, active bending section, insertion part and endoscope

Abstract

The utility model discloses a skin assembly, an active bending section, an insertion part and an endoscope, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments. The skin assembly is used for active bending of the endoscope and at least comprises a first skin section and a second skin section, the first skin section is located at the near end of the active bending, the second skin section is located at the far end of the active bending, and the hardness of the first skin section is larger than that of the second skin section. When the skin assembly is used for bending the active bending section, the far end of the active bending section is bent first and then the near end of the active bending section is bent, the area swept by the far end in the bending process of the active bending section can be reduced, and when a doctor uses the skin assembly in an operation, the operation difficulty can be reduced, and tissue damage can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a skin component, an active bending section, an insertion part and an endoscope. Background Art

[0002] The insertion portion of the endoscope includes an active bending section and a passive bending section, with the active bending section located at the distal end of the insertion portion. In related art, a traction rope is provided within the handle, the distal end of which is fixedly connected to the distal serpentine joint of the active bending section, and the proximal end of which is fixedly connected to a dial or knob on the handle. By operating the dial or knob, the traction rope can be moved synchronously in opposite directions, thereby bending the active bending section of the insertion portion. A camera module is provided at the distal end of the active bending section. By bending the active bending section, the direction of the camera module can be adjusted, allowing the camera module to be aimed at the lesion site to provide diagnostic information to the doctor.

[0003] However, the inventors discovered that when the active bending segment bends, its proximal end bends before the distal end. This bending method causes the distal end of the active bending segment to sweep a larger area during the bending process. When the doctor uses it during surgery, if it is necessary to bend the active bending segment to the infrarenal calyx end, the operation is more difficult. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model discloses a skin assembly, an active bending section, an insertion portion and an endoscope, so as to solve the technical problem in the related art that when the active bending section of the endoscope is bent, its distal end sweeps a large area, making it difficult for doctors to operate during surgery.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a skin assembly.

[0007] The skin assembly of the present invention is used for active bending of an endoscope. The skin assembly includes at least a first skin segment and a second skin segment, wherein the first skin segment is located at the proximal end of the active bending, the second skin segment is located at the distal end of the active bending, and the hardness of the first skin segment is greater than the hardness of the second skin segment.

[0008] According to an optional embodiment, the hardness of the first skin segment gradually increases from the distal end to the proximal end.

[0009] According to an optional embodiment, the hardness of the second skin segment gradually increases from the distal end to the proximal end, and the hardness of the proximal end of the second skin segment is smaller than the hardness of the distal end of the first skin segment.

[0010] According to an optional embodiment, the thickness of the first skin segment is greater than the thickness of the second skin segment; or the number of layers of the first skin segment is greater than the number of layers of the second skin segment.

[0011] According to an optional embodiment, the skin assembly further includes a connecting pipe, which is provided at the connection between the first skin segment and the second skin segment, and is used to fixedly connect the first skin segment and the second skin segment.

[0012] According to an optional embodiment, the distal end of the connecting tube is embedded in the proximal end of the second skin segment, and the proximal end of the connecting tube is embedded in the distal end of the first skin segment, so that the surface of the connecting tube remains flush with the surface of the first skin segment and the surface of the second skin segment.

[0013] According to an optional embodiment, the length of the connecting tube is greater than the gap between the first skin segment and the second skin segment, the connecting tube at least partially covers the proximal end of the first skin segment, and the connecting tube also at least partially covers the distal end of the second skin segment.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides an active bending section.

[0015] The active bending section of the present invention includes a snake bone body and a skin assembly, wherein the skin assembly is the skin assembly described in any technical solution of the present invention, and the first skin segment in the skin assembly is covered on the proximal end of the snake bone body, and the second skin segment in the skin assembly is covered on the distal end of the snake bone body.

[0016] A third aspect of the present invention provides an insertion portion.

[0017] The insertion portion of the present invention comprises an active bending section and a passive bending section. The active bending section is the active bending section described in any technical solution of the present invention, and the proximal end of the active bending section is connected to the distal end of the passive bending section.

[0018] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an endoscope.

[0019] The endoscope of the present invention comprises an insertion portion and a handle. The insertion portion is the insertion portion described in any one of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the proximal end of the insertion portion is connected to the handle.

[0020] The technical solution adopted by the utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The skin assembly of the present invention includes at least a first skin segment and a second skin segment. The first skin segment is located at the proximal end of the active bending portion, and the second skin segment is located at the distal end of the active bending portion. The hardness of the first skin segment is greater than that of the second skin segment. Through the action of the skin assembly, the hardness of the distal end of the active bending portion is less than the hardness of the proximal end of the active bending portion. When the active bending portion is controlled to bend by a traction rope, the hardness of the distal end of the active bending portion is less than that of the proximal end, making the distal end of the active bending portion more likely to deform and bend than the proximal end. As the tension of the traction rope increases, the proximal end of the active bending portion with greater hardness may also deform and bend, thereby enabling the active bending portion to achieve a form in which the distal end bends first and the proximal end bends later.

[0022] The distal end of the active bending segment bends before the proximal end, which helps reduce the area swept by the distal end during bending. This reduces the difficulty of the operation during surgery, for example, when bending the active bending segment from the superior to the inferior calyx. It also prevents kidney damage caused by excessive sweeping of the active bending segment during bending. The skin assembly of the present invention addresses the technical issue in related art where the distal end of the active bending segment sweeps a large area during bending, making it difficult for the surgeon to perform the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an endoscope according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a first schematic diagram of an active bending section according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a second schematic diagram of the active bending section of an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A;

[0028] Figure 5 is a third schematic diagram of the active bending section according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of part B;

[0030] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an active bending section in a bending state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the bending path of the active bending section in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] In the figure: 100, active bending section; 110, first skin section; 120, second skin section; 130, connecting pipe; 140, snake bone body; 141, snake bone joint; 142, rivet; 150, heat shrink tube; 200, passive bending section; 300, insertion part; 400, handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of this application can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein, and that the objects distinguished by "first," "second," and the like are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects; for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, the term "and / or" in the specification and claims refers to at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the objects connected are in an "or" relationship.

[0035] In each embodiment of the present application, "proximal end" and "distal end" refer to the position of each component relative to the user in the use environment, wherein the end closer to the user is designated as the "proximal end" and the end farther from the user is designated as the "distal end".

[0036] In related art, the active bending section consists of multiple serpentine segments. Each segment has a traction rope channel on its wall for passage of the traction rope. The traction rope channel is recessed toward the center of the active bending section, and this recessed area is used to install the traction rope. The traction rope passes through each serpentine segment, and the distal end of the traction rope is fixed to the distal end of the active bending section. Furthermore, adjacent serpentine segments are connected by rivets. When the traction rope is used to control the bending of the active bending section, the applied force must overcome the friction between the rivet and the segment to bend the active bending section.

[0037] However, the inventors discovered that when the active bending segment is controlled to bend by a traction rope, the force exerted by the traction rope causes the proximal end of the active bending segment to bend first and the distal end to bend later. This bending method results in a larger area swept by the distal end of the active bending segment during the bending process. When the doctor uses it during surgery, if it is necessary to bend the active bending segment to the infrarenal calyx end, the operation is more difficult.

[0038] To this end, the present application provides a skin assembly, which includes at least a first skin segment and a second skin segment, wherein the first skin segment is located at the proximal end of the active bending, and the second skin segment is located at the distal end of the active bending, and the hardness of the first skin segment is greater than the hardness of the second skin segment. Through the action of the skin assembly, the hardness of the distal end of the active bending segment is less than the hardness of the proximal end of the active bending segment. When the active bending segment is controlled to bend by a traction rope, since the hardness of the distal end of the active bending segment is less than the hardness of the proximal end, the active bending segment can bend first at the distal end and then at the proximal end. This bending form is conducive to reducing the area swept by the distal end during the bending process of the active bending segment, and can reduce the difficulty of operation when used by doctors during surgery.

[0039] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 8 The skin assembly, active bending section, insertion portion and endoscope provided in this application are described in detail through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0040] The first aspect of this embodiment provides a detailed description of the skin component.

[0041] The skin assembly of this embodiment is used on the active bending section 100 of the endoscope, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 For example, the skin assembly of this embodiment is used on the entire active bending section 100. The skin assembly is covered on the active bending section 100 to protect the snake body 140 and to form a smooth structure on the surface of the active bending section 100.

[0042] The endoscope includes an insertion portion 300 and a handle 400. The insertion portion 300 is used to be inserted into the cavity. The handle 400 is provided with operating elements for the convenience of the doctor's operation. Figure 1 The inserting portion 300 has an active bending section 100 and a passive bending section 200, wherein the active bending section 100 is located at the distal end and the passive bending section 200 is located at the proximal end. Figure 1 As shown. The insertion portion 300 is also provided with an instrument tube for inserting instruments. The distal end surface of the active bending section 100 is provided with a camera module and other structures. The active bending section 100 can be in a straight state or a bent state under the action of the traction rope, as shown. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 shown.

[0043] In some embodiments, the skin assembly includes at least a first skin segment 110 and a second skin segment 120, such as Figure 2 The first skin segment 110 is located at the proximal end of the active bending segment 100, and the second skin segment 120 is located at the distal end of the active bending segment 100. Figure 2 Exemplarily, the first skin segment 110 covers the outer wall of the snake bone body 140 at the proximal end of the active bending segment 100 , and the second skin segment 120 covers the outer wall of the snake bone body 140 at the distal end of the active bending segment 100 .

[0044] For example, the distal end and proximal end of the active bending segment 100 mentioned herein are defined by the middle of the active bending segment 100 as the dividing line, with the portion distal to the dividing line being the distal end of the active bending segment 100 and the portion proximal to the dividing line being the proximal end of the active bending segment 100. Without limitation, the distal end and proximal end of the active bending segment 100 may also be defined in other ways.

[0045] In some embodiments, the hardness of the first skin segment 110 is greater than the hardness of the second skin segment 120. In this embodiment, the fact that the hardness of the first skin segment 110 is greater than the hardness of the second skin segment 120 means that when subjected to the same force, the first skin segment 110 deforms less than the second skin segment 120. In other words, when subjected to the same force, the first skin segment 110 is less likely to deform than the second skin segment 120. Alternatively, the elastic modulus of the first skin segment 110 is greater than the elastic modulus of the second skin segment 120.

[0046] Exemplarily, the first skin segment 110 is made of a polysulfone material having a relatively large elastic modulus, and the second skin segment 120 is made of a fluororesin or polyurethane material having a relatively small elastic modulus.

[0047] Exemplarily, when the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120 are made of materials with the same elastic modulus, the thickness of the first skin segment 110 is greater than that of the second skin segment 120. For example, if both the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120 are a single layer, the thickness of the first skin segment 110 is greater than that of the second skin segment 120. This ensures that when the active bending section 100 bends, the first skin segment 110 is less likely to deform than the second skin segment 120. Exemplarily, the thickness of the second skin segment 120 is the same as that of the insertion portion of a conventional endoscope, and the thickness of the first skin segment 110 is slightly greater than that of the second skin segment 120. For example, the thickness of the first skin segment 110 is 0.01 to 1 mm greater than that of the second skin segment 120.

[0048] For example, when the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120 are made of materials with the same elastic modulus, the number of layers in the first skin segment 110 is greater than the number of layers in the second skin segment 120. That is, when the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120 are made of the same material and thickness, the number of layers in the first skin segment 110 is greater than the number of layers in the second skin segment 120. This allows the first skin segment 110 to be less susceptible to deformation than the second skin segment 120 when the active bending segment 100 bends. For example, the first skin segment 110 may have a two-layer structure, while the second skin segment 120 may have a one-layer structure.

[0049] It can be seen that the skin assembly of this embodiment is not limited to including the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120, but can also include a third skin segment, a fourth skin segment... Each skin segment is arranged in sequence from the proximal end to the distal end of the active bending segment 100.

[0050] Utilizing the skin assembly of this embodiment, the hardness of the distal end of the active bending segment 100 can be made less than the hardness of the proximal end of the active bending segment 100. When the active bending segment 100 is controlled to bend by a traction rope, the distal end of the active bending segment 100 is more likely to deform and bend than the proximal end. As the tension of the traction rope increases, the proximal end of the active bending segment 100, which has greater hardness, can also deform and bend, thereby enabling the active bending segment 100 to bend first at the distal end and then at the proximal end. This bending method helps reduce the area swept by the distal end of the active bending segment 100 during bending. When used intraoperatively, for example, when a doctor needs to bend the active bending segment 100 from the upper renal calyx to the lower renal calyx, this not only reduces the difficulty of the operation but also avoids the problem of kidney damage caused by sweeping too large an area during the bending process of the active bending segment 100.

[0051] In some embodiments, the hardness of the first skin segment 110 gradually increases from the distal end to the proximal end. For example, the thickness of the first skin segment 110 gradually increases, or the number of layers gradually increases, from the distal end to the proximal end, resulting in a gradually increasing hardness of the first skin segment 110. In this embodiment, the hardness of the first skin segment 110 gradually changes from the distal end to the proximal end, thereby allowing the proximal end of the active bending segment 100 to bend gradually when the active bending segment 100 bends, which helps ensure that the distal end of the active bending segment 100 bends preferentially.

[0052] In some embodiments, the hardness of the second skin segment 120 gradually increases from the distal end to the proximal end, and the hardness of the proximal end of the second skin segment 120 is less than the hardness of the distal end of the first skin segment 110. For example, the thickness of the second skin segment 120 gradually increases or the number of layers gradually increases from the distal end to the proximal end, so that the hardness of the second skin segment 120 gradually increases. In the solution of this embodiment, the hardness of the second skin segment 120 gradually changes from the distal end to the proximal end, so that when the active bending segment 100 bends, the distal end can form a gradual bend (such as Figure 8 As shown), it is beneficial to further reduce the area swept by the active bending section 100 when bending, thereby further reducing the difficulty of operation when used by doctors during surgery.

[0053] In some embodiments, the skin assembly further includes a connecting pipe 130, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 The connecting pipe 130 is provided at the connection between the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120, and the connecting pipe 130 is used to fix the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120 together. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120 are fixedly connected by the connecting tube 130, so that the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120 can be formed into a whole. During the bending process of the active bending segment 100, the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120 can be prevented from sliding or even falling off.

[0054] In some embodiments, the distal end of the connecting tube 130 is embedded in the proximal end of the second skin segment 120, and the proximal end of the connecting tube 130 is embedded in the distal end of the first skin segment 110, so that the surface of the connecting tube 130 is kept flush with the surface of the first skin segment 110 and the surface of the second skin segment 120, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the solution of this embodiment, the surface of the connecting tube 130 is kept flush with the surface of the first skin segment 110 and the surface of the second skin segment 120, so that the surface of the active bending segment 100 forms a smooth and flat structure, which is conducive to maintaining the smoothness of the insertion process of the insertion part 300.

[0055] In some embodiments, the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120 are fixedly connected at the joint using a polymer material fusion butt joint method. This type of fixing method has the advantage of high connection reliability.

[0056] Exemplarily, the connecting tube 130 is made of a material capable of shrinking upon heating. For example, the connecting tube 130 is a tubular member made of Pebax (segmented polyetheramide resin). However, the connecting tube 130 may also be made of other similar existing polymer materials, as long as they can be reshaped upon heating.

[0057] Exemplarily, after the connecting tube 130 is arranged at the connection between the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120, the connecting tube 130 is heated to about 130°C by using a heating device, so that the connecting tube 130 can be melted. By utilizing its heat shrinkage ability, the melted Pebax material partially penetrates into the entire circumferential wall of the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120, and interlocks with the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120, so that the surface of the connecting tube 130 can be kept flush with the surface of the first skin segment 110 and the surface of the second skin segment 120; after the melt, another part of the Pebax material also fills the gap at the joint of the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120, and can also seal the gap at the joint of the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120.

[0058] For example, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, after the connecting tube 130 is arranged at the connection between the first skin section 110 and the second skin section 120, a heat shrink tube 150 is then applied to the outer surface of the connecting tube 130 (the melting point of the heat shrink tube 150 is higher than that of the connecting tube 130, and for example, the heat shrink tube 150 is made of FEP material). Then, the heat shrink tube 150 and the connecting tube 130 are heated to melt the connecting tube 130. The heat shrinkage capacity of the Pebax material and the shrinkage force exerted on the connecting tube 130 by the shrinkage of the heat shrink tube 150 are utilized. Figure 3 The arrow in the middle indicates the shrinkage direction of the connecting tube 130 and the heat shrink tubing 150. After melting, the Pebax material partially penetrates the entire circumference of the first and second skin segments 110, 120, interlocking with them and ensuring that the surface of the connecting tube 130 is flush with those of the first and second skin segments 110, 120. Another portion of the melted Pebax material also fills the gap at the junction of the first and second skin segments 110, 120, sealing the gap. Once the connecting tube 130 is connected to the first and second skin segments 110, 120, the heat shrink tubing 150 can be removed.

[0059] In some embodiments, the length of the connecting tube 130 is greater than the gap between the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120, and the connecting tube 130 at least partially covers the proximal end of the first skin segment 110, and the connecting tube 130 also at least partially covers the distal end of the second skin segment 120. Figures 3 to 6 In the solution of this embodiment, the length of the connecting pipe 130 is slightly longer, which is beneficial to the reliability of the connection between the connecting pipe 130 and the first skin segment 110 and the second skin segment 120.

[0060] The second aspect of this embodiment provides a detailed description of the active bending section.

[0061] The active curvature of this embodiment includes the snake bone body 140, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown. For example, the snake bone body 140 includes a plurality of snake bone segments 141, and two adjacent snake bone segments 141 are riveted together by rivets 142, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown in Figure 6, under the pulling force of the traction rope, the snake bone section 141 can rotate.

[0062] Not limited thereto, the snake bone body 140 may also be formed by integral cutting.

[0063] In some embodiments, the active bending section further includes a skin assembly. The skin assembly is the skin assembly of any of the technical solutions in this embodiment. Exemplarily, the first skin segment 110 of the skin assembly is wrapped around the proximal end of the snake body 140, and the second skin segment 120 of the skin assembly is wrapped around the distal end of the snake body 140.

[0064] The active bending section of this embodiment has a skin component of any one of the technical solutions in this embodiment. When the active bending section is controlled to bend by a traction rope, the active bending section can bend first at the distal end and then at the proximal end, which is beneficial to reducing the area swept by the distal end during the bending process of the active bending section. When the doctor uses it during surgery, for example, when the doctor needs to bend the active bending section from the upper renal calyx to the lower renal calyx, it can not only reduce the difficulty of operation, but also avoid the problem of kidney damage caused by excessively large swept area during the bending process of the active bending section.

[0065] The third aspect of this embodiment provides a detailed description of the insertion portion.

[0066] The insertion portion of this embodiment includes an active bending section 100, such as Figure 1 The active bending section 100 is the active bending section of any technical solution in this embodiment. The insertion portion of this embodiment also includes a passive bending section 200, the distal end of the passive bending section 200 is connected to the proximal end of the active bending section 100, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 The structure of the passive bending section 200 may be the same as that in the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0067] The insertion portion of this embodiment has an active bending segment of any one of the technical solutions in this embodiment. When the active bending segment 100 is controlled to bend by a traction rope, the distal end of the active bending segment 100 can be bent first and the proximal end can bend later. This bending method is beneficial to reducing the area swept by the distal end of the active bending segment 100 during the bending process. When used by doctors during surgery, it can reduce the difficulty of operation and the probability of tissue damage.

[0068] The fourth aspect of this embodiment provides a detailed description of the endoscope.

[0069] The endoscope of this embodiment includes an insertion portion 300, such as Figure 1 The insertion portion 300 is the insertion portion of any technical solution in this embodiment. The endoscope of this embodiment also includes a handle 400, which is connected to the proximal end of the insertion portion 300. Figure 1 The handle 400 may be a structure of the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0070] The endoscope system of this embodiment can be a digestive endoscope, bronchoscope, pyeloscope, esophagoscope, gastroscope, colonoscope, otoscope, rhinoscope, oral mirror, laryngoscope, colposcope, laparoscope, arthroscope, etc. This embodiment does not impose any specific restrictions on the type of endoscope system.

[0071] The endoscope of this embodiment has an insertion portion according to any one of the technical solutions of this embodiment, which can reduce the difficulty of operation when used by doctors during surgery and can also reduce the probability of tissue damage.

[0072] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0073] Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved. For example, the methods described may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Furthermore, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0074] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with this technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A skin assembly for an active bending section (100) of an endoscope, characterized in that: The skin assembly comprises at least a first skin segment (110) and a second skin segment (120), wherein the first skin segment (110) is located at the proximal end of the active bending segment (100), the second skin segment (120) is located at the distal end of the active bending segment (100), and the hardness of the first skin segment (110) is greater than the hardness of the second skin segment (120).

2. The skin assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The hardness of the first skin segment (110) gradually increases from the distal end to the proximal end.

3. The skin assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hardness of the second skin segment (120) gradually increases from the distal end to the proximal end, and the hardness of the proximal end of the second skin segment (120) is smaller than the hardness of the distal end of the first skin segment (110).

4. The skin assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the first skin segment (110) is greater than the thickness of the second skin segment (120); or, The number of layers of the first skin segment (110) is greater than the number of layers of the second skin segment (120).

5. The skin assembly according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a connecting pipe (130), which is provided at the connection between the first skin segment (110) and the second skin segment (120), and is used to fixedly connect the first skin segment (110) and the second skin segment (120).

6. The skin assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that The distal end of the connecting tube (130) is embedded in the proximal end of the second skin segment (120), and the proximal end of the connecting tube (130) is embedded in the distal end of the first skin segment (110), so that the surface of the connecting tube (130) is kept flush with the surface of the first skin segment (110) and the surface of the second skin segment (120).

7. The skin assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that The length of the connecting tube (130) is greater than the gap between the first skin segment (110) and the second skin segment (120), the connecting tube (130) at least partially covers the proximal end of the first skin segment (110), and the connecting tube (130) also at least partially covers the distal end of the second skin segment (120).

8. An active bending section, characterized in that: The invention comprises a serpentine body (140) and a skin assembly, wherein the skin assembly is the skin assembly described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and the first skin segment (110) in the skin assembly is covered on the proximal end of the serpentine body (140), and the second skin segment (120) in the skin assembly is covered on the distal end of the serpentine body (140).

9. An insertion portion, characterized in that: The invention comprises an active bending segment (100) and a passive bending segment (200), wherein the active bending segment (100) is the active bending segment according to claim 8, and the proximal end of the active bending segment (100) is connected to the distal end of the passive bending segment (200).

10. An endoscope, characterized in that: The invention comprises an insertion part (300) and a handle (400), wherein the insertion part (300) is the insertion part according to claim 9, and the proximal end of the insertion part (300) is connected to the handle (400).

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