Mercury removal device based on self-excitation oscillation pulse jet principle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mercury removal device based on a self-excitation oscillation pulse jet flow principle, and relates to the field of self-excitation oscillation pulse jet flow atomization, a cyclone separator is communicated with a wet washing tower, a fan, an adsorption tank, a pump absorption device, a gas buffer device, a sucking pump, a mercury tail filtering device and a waste gas discharging device through a waste gas conveying pipeline. According to the utility model, the self-agitation pulse jet nozzle device is adopted, so that the treatment efficiency of mercury waste gas is improved, and compared with the existing device, the mercury removal efficiency, the mercury removal capability and the energy consumption are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of self-excited oscillation pulse jet atomization, in particular to a mercury removal device using self-excited oscillation pulse jet atomization. Background Art

[0002] With the use of mercury in gold and silver mining, its industrial application has continued to increase, leading to a gradual increase in anthropogenic mercury emissions. While metallic mercury is relatively toxic, organic mercury, such as methylmercury, is highly toxic. Furthermore, any form of mercury in the environment can, under certain conditions, transform into the highly toxic methylmercury. Mercury is also persistent, highly mobile, and bioaccumulates. Due to its long-range, transboundary nature, mercury has been designated a global pollutant by the United Nations Environment Programme, considered the only chemical, besides greenhouse gases, to have a global impact. Mercury has become a global environmental pollutant of widespread concern.

[0003] Direct discharge of mercury vapor or aqueous solutions containing mercuric chloride, if untreated, poses a significant threat to human health and the environment. Therefore, in the production of products using mercury or mercury salts as raw materials, proper treatment of mercury-containing wastewater and exhaust gases is essential. According to my country's current industrial development status and development plans, industrial production generates increasing amounts of waste. Treating the increasing amount of industrial waste gas brought about by industrial development, removing harmful substances such as carbon disulfide, hydrogen sulfide, fluoride, nitrogen oxides, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, sulfuric acid (mist), lead, mercury, and beryllium from these waste gases, and ensuring that these gases meet national standards for safe discharge, is crucial for sustainable development and the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.

[0004] Existing industrial mercury waste treatment often utilizes mercury's low melting point. The waste mercury is first pretreated under alkaline conditions. After being stacked, it is converted into oxides and then heated in a roasting and distillation furnace. The high temperature converts the oxidized mercury into mercury vapor, which then passes through a condensation system to condense into elemental mercury, thereby achieving mercury recovery. Companies that recycle and dispose of mercury-containing waste, after recovering metallic mercury through the condensation system, typically purify the resulting waste gas through methods such as spraying, dust suppression, multi-stage activated carbon adsorption, and alkaline washing and absorption. However, concentration testing of these mercury-containing waste gases reveals significant variability, with most exceeding the national emission standard by 2.5 to 41 times. This makes it difficult to consistently meet national emission standards and poses a significant risk of environmental pollution to nearby residents, air, crops, and soil. This treatment approach still faces several challenges: the treatment capacity of waste gas treatment equipment is limited, mismatching production capacity and the volume of waste gas generated. Furthermore, the condensation system suffers from poor cooling efficiency, resulting in low mercury recovery rates and high mercury concentrations in the waste gas. Furthermore, mercury in the waste gas often exists in the form of particulate mercury, divalent mercury, and elemental mercury. Generally speaking, simple multi-stage treatment methods are ineffective in improving mercury purification efficiency. Furthermore, mercury purification efficiency is affected by flow rate, moisture content, adsorption, and adsorption time, making it difficult to achieve acceptable mercury emission concentrations in the waste gas. Furthermore, the piping and exhaust stacks of mercury-containing waste gas treatment facilities are mostly made of brick or cement. During the production process, mercury accumulates and adsorbs on the treatment facilities. When the temperature rises, some of the adsorbed mercury compounds transform into mercury vapor, which then enters the environment through the exhaust stack. Both management and efficiency issues remain. Utility Model Content

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the utility model provides a mercury removal device with self-excited oscillation pulse jet atomization, which adopts a self-excited pulse jet nozzle device to improve the treatment efficiency of mercury waste gas. Compared with the existing devices, the mercury removal efficiency, mercury removal capacity and energy consumption have been improved.

[0006] The utility model achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0007] A mercury removal device based on the principle of self-excited oscillation pulse jetting, wherein a cyclone separator is connected to a wet scrubber, a fan, an adsorption tank, a pump absorption device, a gas buffer device, an air pump, a mercury tail filter device and an exhaust gas discharge device through an exhaust gas conveying pipeline.

[0008] In the above solution, the pump absorption device is provided with an excited oscillation atomization generating device, and the excited oscillation atomization generating device includes a front nozzle, an excited oscillation cavity and a rear nozzle which are connected in sequence; a fan is provided in the rear nozzle.

[0009] In the above solution, the front nozzle is a tapered hole, and a circular hole-shaped input hole, a tapered hole and a needle-shaped hole are sequentially opened on the front nozzle.

[0010] In the above solution, an agitation chamber is provided on the agitation cavity; one end of the agitation chamber is communicated with the needle hole of the front nozzle, and the other end is communicated with the atomization small end inlet of the rear nozzle.

[0011] In the above solution, the agitation chamber is a U-shaped structure, and its cross section is larger than the circular hole-shaped input hole on the front nozzle and the atomizing large end outlet on the rear nozzle.

[0012] In the above solution, the rear nozzle is a gradually expanding hole, and the rear nozzle includes an atomizing small end inlet, an arc-shaped transition section through hole and an atomizing large end outlet; the atomizing large end outlet has a built-in fan.

[0013] In the above solution, the wet scrubber is provided with a circulation pump and a water inlet; the circulation pump transports the liquid into the wet scrubber through the water inlet via a pipeline.

[0014] In the above solution, a flow controller is provided on the pipeline between the vacuum pump and the mercury tail filtering device.

[0015] In the above solution, a waste collection pool is provided at the lower side of the adsorption pool.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] The device of the utility model generates a self-oscillation effect through high-frequency pulses, efficiently atomizes the mercury capture liquid, and combines with a specially designed capture chamber to achieve rapid and efficient capture of mercury. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of mercury removal device using self-excited oscillation pulse jet atomization;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the medium-excited oscillation atomization device.

[0020] Reference numerals:

[0021] 1- cyclone separator; 2- waste gas transport pipeline; 3- wet scrubber; 4- circulation pump; 5- drug inlet; 6- fan; 7- waste collection tank; 8- adsorption tank; 9- mercury absorption device; 10- self-excited oscillation atomization device; 11- gas buffer device; 12- vacuum pump; 13- flow controller; 14- mercury tail filter device; 15- waste gas discharge device; 16- front nozzle; 16.1- circular hole-shaped input hole; 16.2- needle-shaped hole; 16.3- cone hole; 17- excitation oscillation cavity; 17.1- agitation chamber; 18- rear nozzle; 18.1- atomization small end inlet; 18.2- arc-shaped transition section through hole; 18.3- atomization large end outlet; 19- fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0024] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0025] The cone hole 16.3 is connected to the excitation chamber 17.1, and the excitation chamber 17.1 is fitted with the front end of the atomizing small end inlet 18.1. The front end of the front nozzle 16 is a cylindrical input hole 16.1, the rear end of the front nozzle 16 is a needle hole 16.2, and the front nozzle 16 is provided with a cone hole 16.3. The excitation oscillation cavity 17 is provided with the excitation oscillation chamber 17.1. The front end of the rear nozzle 18 is the atomizing small end inlet 18.1, and the rear end of the rear nozzle 18 is the atomizing large end outlet 18.3. An arc-shaped transition section through hole is provided inside 18, and the atomization small end inlet 18.1 and the atomization large end outlet 18.3 are connected by the arc-shaped transition section through hole 18.2; the needle-shaped hole 16.2 of the front nozzle 17 is connected to the input end of the exciting oscillation chamber 17.1 of the exciting oscillation cavity 17, the atomization small end inlet 18.1 of the rear nozzle 18 is connected to the output end of the exciting oscillation chamber 17.1 of the exciting oscillation cavity 17, and the atomization large end outlet 18.3 of the rear nozzle 18 is installed with a fan 19.

[0026] The wet scrubber 3 is connected to the cyclone separator 1 and the fan 6, and is externally connected to a circulation pump 4; the tail end of the adsorption tank 8 is connected to the waste collection tank 7, which is connected to the mercury absorption device 9, and the oscillation atomization generating device 10 is connected to the mercury absorption device 9 through the exhaust gas transport device 2; the vacuum pump 12 is connected to the gas buffer device 11 and the flow controller 13, the tail end of the flow controller 13 is connected to the mercury tail filter device 14, and the mercury tail filter 14 is linked to the exhaust gas discharge device 15; each device is connected through the exhaust gas transport device 2.

[0027] Working principle of this utility model:

[0028] Pretreatment system: A cyclone separator 1 and a wet scrubber 3 are used to remove particulate matter and some acidic gases from the exhaust gas, providing a clean gas environment for mercury adsorption. A circulating pump 4 is used to circulate the liquid in the wet scrubber 3. The reagent is added through the drug inlet 5, and the gas is transported to the adsorption tank 8 through the fan 6. The adsorption tank 8 further adsorbs other impurities contained in the industrial exhaust gas, and the absorbed impurities are transported to the waste collection tank 7 for treatment.

[0029] Self-excited pulse jet mercury capture system: A self-excited oscillation atomization generating device 10 is used to generate a self-excited effect, which allows the exhaust gas to be efficiently contacted with the mercury absorption device 9. The mercury absorption device 9 is provided with a mercury capture chamber. Through the built-in temperature adjustment device, mercury is efficiently captured in the capture chamber within the optimal working temperature range and converted into stable mercury compounds.

[0030] Tail gas treatment and emission system: The waste gas that has absorbed mercury passes through the gas buffer device 11, which adsorbs the chemicals contained in the waste gas during the mercury capture process, and the gas is transmitted through the vacuum pump 12. At the same time, the flow controller 13 is used to control the flow rate so that the gas has sufficient time to complete the adsorption reaction. The mercury tail filter device 14 is equipped with modified activated carbon to perform a second mercury adsorption process on the gas to ensure that the mercury content of the exhaust gas meets the standard. Finally, the purified gas is discharged through the exhaust gas emission device 15.

[0031] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0032] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mercury removal device based on the principle of self-excited oscillation pulse jet, characterized in that: The cyclone separator (1) is connected to a wet scrubber (3), a fan (6), an adsorption tank (8), a pump absorption device (9), a gas buffer device (11), an air extraction pump (12), a mercury tail filter device (14) and an exhaust gas discharge device (15) through an exhaust gas delivery pipeline (2).

2. The mercury removal device based on the self-excited oscillation pulse jet principle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A self-excited oscillation atomization generating device (10) is provided in the pump absorption device (9), and the self-excited oscillation atomization generating device (10) comprises a front nozzle (16), an excitation oscillation cavity (17), and a rear nozzle (18) which are connected in sequence; a fan (19) is provided in the rear nozzle (18).

3. The mercury removal device based on the self-excited oscillation pulse jet principle according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The front nozzle (16) is a tapered hole, and a circular hole-shaped input hole (16.1), a tapered hole (16.3) and a needle-shaped hole (16.2) are sequentially provided on the front nozzle (16).

4. The mercury removal device based on the self-excited oscillation pulse jet principle according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The oscillation cavity (17) is provided with an agitation chamber (17.1); one end of the agitation chamber (17.1) is communicated with the needle hole (16.2) of the front nozzle (16), and the other end is communicated with the atomization small end inlet (18.1) of the rear nozzle (18).

5. The mercury removal device based on the self-excited oscillation pulse jet principle according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The agitation chamber (17.1) is a U-shaped structure, and its cross section is larger than the circular hole-shaped input hole (16.1) on the front nozzle (16) and the atomizing large end outlet (18.3) on the rear nozzle (18).

6. The mercury removal device based on the self-excited oscillation pulse jet principle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rear nozzle (18) is a gradually expanding hole, comprising an atomizing small end inlet (18.1), an arc-shaped transition section through hole (18.2), and an atomizing large end outlet (18.3); the atomizing large end outlet (18.3) has a built-in fan (19).

7. The mercury removal device based on the self-excited oscillation pulse jet principle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wet scrubber (3) is provided with a circulation pump (4) and a drug inlet (5); the circulation pump (4) transports liquid into the wet scrubber (3) through the drug inlet (5) via a pipeline.

8. The mercury removal device based on the self-excited oscillation pulse jet principle according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flow controller (13) is provided on the pipeline between the air extraction pump (12) and the mercury tail filtering device (14).

9. The mercury removal device based on the self-excited oscillation pulse jet principle according to claim 2, characterized in that: A waste collection pool (7) is provided on the lower side of the adsorption pool (8).

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