Anti-backlash adjusting structure of machine tool
By adopting a clearance-eliminating adjustment structure in machine tool equipment and utilizing the cooperation of fixed bevel iron and movable bevel iron to eliminate the reserved gap between the slider and the slide, the problem of guide rail deformation is solved and the movement and processing accuracy are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202521657978.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-08-06
AI Technical Summary
In existing machine tools, the reserved gap between the slider and the fixing device causes the guide rail to deform, affecting the moving device and processing accuracy.
The anti-gap adjustment structure is adopted to eliminate the reserved gap between the slider and the slide through the cooperation of the fixed inclined iron and the movable inclined iron, ensuring that the slider is stably against the fixed inclined iron and preventing the guide rail from deformation.
It effectively eliminates the reserved gap, improves the movement accuracy and processing accuracy of the slider on the guide rail, and prevents the guide rail from deformation.
Smart Images
Figure CN223338874U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a backlash eliminating and adjusting structure for machine tools. Background Art
[0002] In machine tools, moving devices (such as rams) often utilize guide rails and sliders for horizontal movement. In existing installation methods, when the guide rails are mounted on either side of the moving device and the slider is mounted on a fixed device, a gap must be left between the slider and the fixed device to ensure smooth installation and secure connection. However, this gap can cause the slider to move toward the fixed device during installation, generating a force that pulls the guide rails outward, causing deformation and compromising the moving device's accuracy and machining precision.
[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a machine tool clearance elimination adjustment structure to eliminate the reserved gap, avoid guide rail deformation, and improve machine tool performance. Utility Model Content
[0004] In view of the existing deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a machine tool clearance-eliminating adjustment structure to eliminate the reserved gap between the slider and the fixing device, prevent the guide rail from deforming, and improve the movement accuracy and processing accuracy.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:
[0006] A machine tool anti-backlash adjustment structure includes a ram, a mounting groove, and a slide. The slide is provided with a mounting groove inside. The ram is arranged in the mounting groove and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove through a plurality of guide rails and sliders. The slider on the inner wall of the mounting groove is adjustably connected to the slide through an anti-backlash adjustment assembly.
[0007] The anti-backlash adjustment assembly includes a fixed bevel iron, a movable bevel iron and a connecting bolt. The side surfaces of the fixed bevel iron and the movable bevel iron are both right-angled trapezoids. The inclined surfaces of the fixed bevel iron and the movable bevel iron are fitted and connected. The fixed bevel iron is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes, the movable bevel iron is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes, and the slider is provided with a plurality of mounting screw holes. The connecting bolts pass through the mounting hole, the second connecting hole and the first connecting hole and the mounting screw hole on the horizontal processing slide in sequence and are screwed together.
[0008] Furthermore, an auxiliary mounting seat is provided on the upper side of the movable inclined iron, and the auxiliary mounting seat is fixed to the slide by screws. Two groups of positioning through holes are provided on the auxiliary mounting seat, and pulling bolts are provided in the positioning through holes. Two groups of pulling screw holes are opened on the upper end surface of the movable inclined iron, and the pulling bolts pass through the positioning through holes and are screwed to the pulling screw holes.
[0009] Furthermore, the auxiliary mounting seat is provided with a plurality of press-down screw holes, in which screws are screwed.
[0010] Furthermore, the angle between the inclined surfaces on the fixed inclined iron and the movable inclined iron and the vertical direction is 3.5 degrees.
[0011] Furthermore, the second connecting hole is an elongated hole.
[0012] During actual use, the slider with the reserved gap is installed on the corresponding guide rail, and the fixed bevel iron is inserted into the reserved gap so that the fixed bevel iron contacts the slider. Next, the movable bevel iron is inserted into the gap between the fixed bevel iron and the slide; then the auxiliary mounting seat is installed on the slide; the screw is installed in the downward screw hole, and the movable bevel iron is pressed and pushed by the rotation of the screw. As the movable bevel iron moves, the thickness between the fixed bevel iron and the movable bevel iron reaches the maximum value to fill the reserved gap; next, use the connecting bolt to pass through the mounting hole on the slide, the second connecting hole, the first connecting hole and the mounting screw hole on the slider in sequence, and the screw part of the connecting bolt is threadedly connected to the mounting hole of the slider to fix the slider on the slide; because the reserved gap between the slider and the slide is eliminated, the slider can be against the fixed bevel iron, so the slider will not move in the direction of the slide, and will not generate force to pull the guide rail outward, causing the guide rail to deform;
[0013] In actual use, if there is a machining error of the parts, so that the gap between the guide rail and the slide is smaller than the reserved gap, the movable inclined iron does not need to reach the lowest point during the descent process, that is, the thickness between the fixed inclined iron and the movable inclined iron does not need to reach the maximum, and the reserved gap can also be eliminated. Through the relative movement of the fixed inclined iron and the movable inclined iron, the space of the reserved gap can be dynamically adapted to eliminate the reserved gap; because the second connecting hole is long and narrow, even if the movable inclined iron does not reach the lowest point during the descent process, it still does not affect the connection bolts passing through the movable inclined iron and the fixed inclined iron and being installed in the mounting screw holes of the slider;
[0014] When it is necessary to disassemble the movable bevel iron, remove the connecting bolts, use the pulling bolts to pass through the positioning through holes and the pulling screw holes in sequence, so that the pulling bolts are threadedly connected to the pulling screw holes, and by turning the pulling bolts, the movable bevel iron moves toward the auxiliary mounting seat and gradually moves out of the reserved gap, and the pulling bolts are used to pull the movable bevel iron outward; when the movable bevel iron reaches the position of the auxiliary mounting seat, the auxiliary mounting seat is removed, and then the movable bevel iron is disassembled together.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] 1. The gap elimination adjustment structure provided in the present invention can eliminate the reserved gap during the installation of the slider and the guide rail through the cooperation of the fixed inclined iron and the movable inclined iron, thereby preventing the slider from pulling the guide rail outward due to the reserved gap and causing the guide rail to deform, thereby improving the movement accuracy and processing accuracy of the slider on the guide rail.
[0017] 2. In the present invention, since the second connecting hole is in the shape of an elongated strip, even if the movable inclined iron does not reach the lowest point during the descent process, it will not affect the bolt passing through the movable inclined iron and the fixed inclined iron and being installed in the mounting hole of the slider, and can dynamically adapt to the space of the reserved gap and eliminate the reserved gap. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the slide of the present utility model.
[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-backlash adjustment component in the utility model.
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the anti-backlash adjustment component in the utility model.
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the anti-backlash adjustment component in the utility model from another angle.
[0023] In the figure: 1. Slide; 2. Mounting groove; 3. Slide table; 4. Slider; 5. Guide rail; 6. Anti-backlash adjustment assembly; 61. Auxiliary mounting seat; 62. Pull bolt; 63. Fixed bevel iron; 64. Movable bevel iron; 65. First connecting hole; 66. Second connecting hole; 67. Connecting bolt; 68. Pull screw hole; 69. Mounting screw hole; 610. Positioning through hole; 611. Press-down screw hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0025] Example 1:
[0026] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, a machine tool anti-backlash adjustment structure includes a ram 1, a mounting groove 2 and a slide 3. The slide 3 has a mounting groove 2 inside. The ram 1 is arranged in the mounting groove 2 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove 2 through a plurality of guide rails 5 and a slider 4. The slider 4 on the inner wall of the mounting groove 2 is adjustably connected to the slide 3 through an anti-backlash adjustment component 6.
[0027] The anti-backlash adjustment assembly 6 includes a fixed bevel iron 63, a movable bevel iron 64 and a connecting bolt 67. The side surfaces of the fixed bevel iron 63 and the movable bevel iron 64 are both right-angled trapezoids. The inclined surfaces of the fixed bevel iron 63 and the movable bevel iron 64 are fitted together. A plurality of first connecting holes 65 are provided on the fixed bevel iron 63, and a plurality of second connecting holes 66 are provided on the movable bevel iron 64. The second connecting holes 66 are long strip holes and correspond to the first connecting holes 65. A plurality of mounting screw holes 69 are provided on the slider 4. The connecting bolts 67 pass through the mounting holes, the second connecting holes 66 and the first connecting holes 65 on the horizontal processing slide 3 and are screwed to the mounting screw holes 69 in sequence.
[0028] The gap elimination adjustment structure provided in the present invention can eliminate the reserved gap during the installation process of the slider 4 and the guide rail 5 by cooperating with the fixed bevel iron 63 and the movable bevel iron, thereby preventing the slider 4 from pulling the guide rail 5 outward due to the reserved gap and causing the guide rail 5 to deform, thereby improving the movement accuracy and processing accuracy of the slider 4 on the guide rail 5.
[0029] In this embodiment, an auxiliary mounting seat 61 is provided on the upper side of the movable bevel iron 64, and the auxiliary mounting seat 61 is fixed to the slide 3 by screws. Two groups of positioning through holes 610 are provided on the auxiliary mounting seat 61, and pulling bolts 62 are provided in the positioning through holes 610. Two groups of pulling screw holes 68 are opened on the upper end surface of the movable bevel iron 64, and the pulling bolts 62 pass through the positioning through holes 610 and are screwed to the pulling screw holes 68.
[0030] In this embodiment, the auxiliary mounting seat 61 is provided with a plurality of pressing screw holes 611 , and screws are screwed into the pressing screw holes 611 .
[0031] It should be noted that the fixed oblique iron 63 and the movable oblique iron 64 are both made of steel, and the overall maximum thickness of the fixed oblique iron 63 and the movable oblique iron 64 is the length of the gap reserved between the slider 4 and the guide rail 5 .
[0032] Among them, the side surfaces of the fixed bevel iron 63 and the movable bevel iron 64 are both right-angled trapezoids, and the angle between the inclined surface at the "waist" of the two right-angled trapezoids and the vertical direction is 3.5 degrees, which is the self-locking angle of the fixed bevel iron 63 to the movable bevel iron 64. The fixed bevel iron 63 and the movable bevel iron 64 are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner and contact each other through the inclined surface. When the movable bevel iron 64 is fixed to the reserved gap, it will not be displaced even if it is subjected to external force, so that the reserved gap can be well eliminated.
[0033] Example 2:
[0034] In actual use, the slider 4 with the reserved gap is installed on the corresponding guide rail 5, and the fixed bevel iron 63 is inserted into the reserved gap so that the fixed bevel iron 63 contacts the slider 4. Next, the movable bevel iron 64 is inserted into the gap between the fixed bevel iron 63 and the slide 3; then the auxiliary mounting seat 61 is installed on the slide 3; a screw is installed in the pressing screw hole 611, and the movable bevel iron 64 is pressed and pushed by the rotation of the screw. As the movable bevel iron 64 moves, the thickness between the fixed bevel iron 63 and the movable bevel iron 64 reaches the maximum. value to fill the reserved gap; next, use the connecting bolt 67 to pass through the mounting hole on the slide 3, the second connecting hole 66, the first connecting hole 65 and the mounting screw hole 69 on the slider 4 in sequence, and the screw portion of the connecting bolt 67 is threadedly connected to the mounting hole of the slider 4 to fix the slider 4 on the slide 3; because the reserved gap between the slider 4 and the slide 3 is eliminated, the slider 4 can be resting on the fixed oblique iron 63, so the slider 4 will not move in the direction of the slide 3, and will not generate a force to pull the guide rail 5 outward, causing the guide rail 5 to deform.
[0035] Among them, in actual use, if there is a processing error in the parts, so that the gap between the guide rail 5 and the slide 3 is smaller than the reserved gap, the movable bevel iron 64 does not need to reach the lowest point during the descent process, that is, the fixed bevel iron 63 and the movable bevel iron 64 do not need to reach the maximum thickness, and the reserved gap can also be eliminated. Through the relative movement of the fixed bevel iron 63 and the movable bevel iron 64, the space of the reserved gap can be dynamically adapted and the reserved gap can be eliminated; since the second connecting hole 66 is long and strip-shaped, even if the movable bevel iron 64 does not reach the lowest point during the descent process, it still does not affect the connecting bolt 67 passing through the movable bevel iron 64 and the fixed bevel iron 63, and being installed in the mounting screw hole 69 of the slider 4.
[0036] When it is necessary to disassemble the movable bevel iron 64, remove the connecting bolt 67, and use the pulling bolt 62 to pass through the positioning through hole 610 and the pulling screw hole 68 in sequence, so that the pulling bolt 62 is threadedly connected to the pulling screw hole 68, and by rotating the pulling bolt 62, the movable bevel iron 64 moves toward the auxiliary mounting seat 61 and gradually moves out of the reserved gap, and the pulling bolt 62 plays the role of pulling the movable bevel iron 64 outward; when the movable bevel iron 64 reaches the position of the auxiliary mounting seat 61, the auxiliary mounting seat 61 is removed, and then the movable bevel iron 64 is disassembled together.
[0037] To sum up, through the gap elimination adjustment component 6, the reserved gap can be eliminated during the installation process of the slider 4 and the guide rail 5, avoiding the slider 4 pulling the guide rail 5 outward due to the reserved gap, causing the guide rail 5 to deform, and improving the movement accuracy and processing accuracy of the slider 4 on the guide rail 5.
[0038] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not limitations on the implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is impossible to list all the implementation methods here. All obvious changes or modifications derived from the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A machine tool anti-backlash adjustment structure, characterized by: The invention comprises a ram (1), a mounting groove (2) and a slide (3), wherein the slide (3) is provided with a mounting groove (2) inside, the ram (1) is arranged in the mounting groove (2), and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove (2) through a plurality of guide rails (5) and a slider (4), and the slider (4) on the inner wall of the mounting groove (2) is adjustably connected to the slide (3) through a clearance-eliminating adjustment component (6); The anti-backlash adjustment assembly (6) includes a fixed oblique iron (63), a movable oblique iron (64) and a connecting bolt (67). The side surfaces of the fixed oblique iron (63) and the movable oblique iron (64) are both right-angled trapezoids. The inclined surfaces of the fixed oblique iron (63) and the movable oblique iron (64) are fitted and connected. The fixed oblique iron (63) is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes (65), the movable oblique iron (64) is provided with a plurality of second connecting holes (66), and the slider (4) is provided with a plurality of mounting screw holes (69). The connecting bolt (67) sequentially penetrates the mounting hole, the second connecting hole (66) and the first connecting hole (65) on the horizontal processing slide (3) and is screwed to the mounting screw hole (69).
2. The machine tool anti-backlash adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary mounting seat (61) is provided on the upper side of the movable inclined iron (64), and the auxiliary mounting seat (61) is fixedly mounted on the slide (3) by screws. Two groups of positioning through holes (610) are provided on the auxiliary mounting seat (61), and pulling bolts (62) are provided in the positioning through holes (610). Two groups of pulling screw holes (68) are opened on the upper end surface of the movable inclined iron (64), and the pulling bolts (62) pass through the positioning through holes (610) and are screwed to the pulling screw holes (68).
3. The machine tool backlash elimination adjustment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary mounting seat (61) is provided with a plurality of downward-pressing screw holes (611), and screws are screwed into the downward-pressing screw holes (611).
4. The machine tool backlash elimination adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the inclined surfaces on the fixed inclined iron (63) and the movable inclined iron (64) and the vertical direction is 3.5 degrees.
5. The machine tool backlash elimination adjustment structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second connecting hole (66) is a long strip-shaped hole.