Piston locking device for turning and milling machine composite electric spindle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of locking devices, and discloses a piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine, which comprises an outer shaft, a shaft body is rotatably connected in the outer shaft, an oil filling port is arranged in the outer shaft, an oil conveying ring is arranged in the outer shaft, an oil conveying pipe is arranged in the outer shaft, and a wall body is arranged in the outer shaft. A clamping block is arranged in the outer shaft, the clamping block is slidably connected to the interior of the wall body, an anti-skid assembly is arranged at the bottom of the clamping block, the anti-skid assembly is used for preventing skid of the shaft body, and a second connecting rod is rotationally connected to the interior of the outer shaft. According to the utility model, the tension of the tension spring drives the clamping block to reset and retract into the wall body, and meanwhile, the clamping block and the outer shaft are matched through the connecting rod I and the connecting rod II, so that the clamping block operates more stably, the unlocking and resetting effects are achieved, and the problems that the piston locking device cannot automatically reset when hydraulic oil is pumped out; the piston locking device solves the problem of friction between the locking block and the shaft body, and the practicability of the piston locking device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of locking devices, in particular to a piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine. Background Art

[0002] The combined electric spindle for a turning and milling machine is a core component of a multi-tasking machine, capable of simultaneously performing both turning and milling operations. Driven by electricity, this electric spindle offers high precision, high speed, and stable power output. It is widely used for the precision machining of complex parts, particularly in aerospace, automotive, and precision instrumentation. To automate tool clamping and release, simplifying tool changes, a piston locking device is required for the combined electric spindle.

[0003] In the prior art, the spindle locking device usually adopts a mechanical or hydraulic structure. In the hydraulic locking device, hydraulic oil drives the piston or clamping device through the oil circuit to lock the spindle. When the hydraulic system applies pressure, the locking block squeezes the spindle to achieve locking. The locked spindle can maintain high stability under high-speed rotation.

[0004] In the prior art, when the hydraulic oil is extracted, the traditional piston locking device cannot achieve automatic reset, resulting in residual contact or friction between the locking block and the shaft, affecting the operating smoothness and processing accuracy of the equipment. In addition, the manual intervention reset method may cause increased wear of the locking mechanism, thereby shortening the service life of the device. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to make up for the above shortcomings, the utility model provides a piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine, aiming to improve the problem that the piston locking device cannot automatically reset when the hydraulic oil is extracted, resulting in friction between the locking block and the shaft body.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions: a piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine, comprising an outer shaft, a shaft body being rotatably connected inside the outer shaft, a refueling port being provided inside the outer shaft, an oil delivery ring being provided inside the outer shaft, an oil delivery pipe being provided inside the outer shaft, a wall being provided inside the outer shaft, a clamping block being provided inside the outer shaft, the clamping block being slidably connected inside the wall, an anti-slip component being provided at the bottom of the clamping block, the anti-slip component being used to prevent the shaft body from slipping, a connecting rod 2 being rotatably connected inside the outer shaft, one end of the connecting rod 2 being rotatably connected to the connecting rod 1, one end of the connecting rod 1 being rotatably connected inside the clamping block, a tension spring being provided inside the wall, one end of the tension spring being fixedly connected to the outer shaft, and the other end of the tension spring being fixedly connected to the inside of the clamping block.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0008] The anti-slip assembly includes an anti-slip strip, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping block and fits the shaft.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0010] The outer wall of the outer shaft is fixedly connected with a water outlet pipe, and the outer wall of the outer shaft is fixedly connected with a water inlet pipe.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] One end of the water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to a spiral water pipe, and the outer wall of the spiral water pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer shaft.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] One end of the spiral water pipe is fixedly connected with a cooling pipe, and the cooling pipe is connected to one end of the water outlet pipe.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] A limiting groove is provided inside the outer shaft, and a limiting ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shaft.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The limiting ring is rotatably connected to the inside of the limiting groove, and a rotating shaft is provided inside the limiting ring.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] The rotating shafts are arranged in a ring array and are rotatably connected inside the limiting ring. The rotating shafts are fitted inside the limiting groove.

[0021] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. In the utility model, first, the tension of the tension spring drives the clamping block to reset and retract into the wall. At the same time, the cooperation between the clamping block and the outer shaft through the connecting rod 1 and the connecting rod 2 makes the clamping block more stable during operation, achieving the effect of unlocking and resetting, solving the problem that the traditional piston locking device cannot automatically reset when the hydraulic oil is extracted, resulting in friction between the locking block and the shaft, thereby improving the practicality of the piston locking device.

[0023] 2. In the utility model, the limit ring is embedded in the limit groove when the shaft rotates, and the limit ring and the limit groove are fitted to the inner wall of the limit groove through multiple rotating shafts, thereby achieving the effect of improving the stability of the shaft, solving the problem that the compound electric spindle of the turning and milling machine is easily misaligned when rotating at high speed, causing the shaft to shake and affect the processing accuracy, and improving the stability of the compound electric spindle of the turning and milling machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine proposed by the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer shaft of a piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine proposed by the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping block structure of a piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine proposed in the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure of a piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine.

[0028] Legend:

[0029] 1. Outer shaft; 2. Shaft body; 3. Oil filling port; 4. Oil pipe; 5. Wall; 6. Clamp; 7. Anti-slip strip; 8. Connecting rod 1; 9. Connecting rod 2; 10. Tension spring; 11. Oil ring; 12. Cooling pipe; 13. Water outlet pipe; 14. Water inlet pipe; 15. Spiral water pipe; 16. Limit groove; 17. Limit ring; 18. Rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Reference Figure 1-Figure 4The utility model provides an embodiment: a piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine, comprising an outer shaft 1, which serves to fix and protect the internal structure, and is rotatably connected to a shaft body 2 inside the outer shaft 1. The shaft body 2 is the core part of the spindle and is used to transmit power and rotation. A refueling port 3 is provided inside the outer shaft 1, through which hydraulic oil can be injected into the system to provide a power source. An oil delivery ring 11 is also provided inside the outer shaft 1, and the oil delivery ring 11 is used to guide the flow of hydraulic oil and ensure that the hydraulic oil is evenly distributed to various parts of the locking device. An oil delivery pipe 4 is also provided inside the outer shaft 1, and the oil delivery pipe 4 is used to deliver the hydraulic oil to the inside of the wall 5. The wall 5 is the main fixed frame of the locking structure and is used to limit the movement space of the clamping block 6. The clamping block 6 is slidably connected to the inside of the wall 5. The clamping block 6 is used to push the shaft body 2 to perform a locking operation under the action of the hydraulic oil. An anti-slip component is provided at the bottom thereof, and the anti-slip component is formed by adding the clamping block 6 and the shaft The friction between the two bodies 2 ensures the stability of the locking and prevents slipping. The outer shaft 1 is also rotatably connected to a connecting rod 2 9, and one end of the connecting rod 2 9 is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 1 8, and one end of the connecting rod 1 8 is rotatably connected to the inside of the clamping block 6. This connecting rod structure improves the stability of the clamping block 6 during locking and unlocking through synergistic action, ensuring its stability and reliability during movement. A tension spring 10 is also provided inside the wall 5. The tension spring 10 is used to reset the clamping block 6 when the hydraulic oil pressure weakens, ensuring that the locking mechanism automatically resets to its original position after unlocking. One end of the tension spring 10 is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer shaft 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inside of the clamping block 6. The anti-slip component includes an anti-slip strip 7, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping block 6. The anti-slip strip 7 further enhances the friction during locking by fitting with the shaft body 2, ensuring that the shaft body 2 will not slide or loosen during rotation, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the entire device;

[0032] Specifically, when the shaft body 2 needs to be locked, hydraulic oil is injected into the interior of the oil ring 11 through the oil filling port 3, and flows into the interior of the wall body 5 through the oil pipe 4. At this time, the hydraulic oil is gradually pressurized, pushing the clamp 6 out from the interior of the wall body 5, so that the anti-slip strip 7 on the outer wall of the clamp 6 is in close contact with the outer wall of the shaft body 2, thereby achieving a firm clamping and locking of the shaft body 2. After the hydraulic oil pressure decreases, the clamp 6 gradually loosens and separates from the shaft body 2. Under the tension of the tension spring 10, the clamp 6 is quickly pulled back to the interior of the wall body 5 and reset. At the same time, the clamp 6 and the outer shaft 1 are precisely matched through the connecting rod 1 8 and the connecting rod 2 9 to ensure that the clamp 6 remains stable during operation, reduce offset or jamming, and achieve the ideal effect of the clamp 6 being able to smoothly reset when the shaft body 2 is unlocked, effectively improving the operational reliability and reset accuracy.

[0033] The outer wall of the outer shaft 1 is fixedly connected with a water outlet pipe 13, which is used to discharge the coolant out of the system to achieve cooling circulation. The outer wall of the outer shaft 1 is also fixedly connected with a water inlet pipe 14, which is used to introduce the coolant into the system to ensure the continuous supply of the coolant. One end of the water inlet pipe 14 is fixedly connected with a spiral water pipe 15, which is used to guide the coolant to flow inside the outer shaft 1. Its outer wall is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer shaft 1. The spiral water pipe 15 increases the flow path of the coolant through its spiral structure, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the shaft body 2 and ensuring its stability during high-speed operation. One end of the spiral water pipe 15 is fixedly connected with a cooling pipe 12, which is used to conduct the coolant from the spiral water pipe 15 to the water outlet pipe 13 to ensure the smooth discharge of the coolant, forming a circulation system for the coolant. The cooling pipe 12 is connected to one end of the water outlet pipe 13 to ensure the whole The coolant flow of the system is closed-loop, which improves the cooling effect. A limiting groove 16 is provided inside the outer shaft 1. The limiting groove 16 is used to limit the radial displacement of the shaft body 2 to ensure its stability during high-speed operation. A limiting ring 17 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shaft body 2. The limiting ring 17 is embedded in the limiting groove 16 to stabilize the shaft body 2 and prevent the shaft body 2 from displacement during high-speed rotation. The limiting ring 17 is rotatably connected to the limiting groove 16, which further improves the operation stability of the shaft body 2. A rotating shaft 18 is provided inside the limiting ring 17, and the rotating shafts 18 are arranged in a ring array. This design ensures that the limiting ring 17 can operate smoothly in the limiting groove 16, reduces friction, and the rotating shaft 18 fits inside the limiting groove 16, so that the contact between the limiting ring 17 and the limiting groove 16 is smoother, thereby reducing the friction resistance during operation and ensuring that the shaft body 2 rotates more smoothly.

[0034] Specifically, when the shaft 2 generates a large amount of heat during high-speed operation, the coolant enters the interior of the spiral water pipe 15 through the water inlet pipe 14. The spiral water pipe 15 surrounds and wraps the shaft 2, allowing the coolant to fully contact the shaft 2 and effectively remove its surface heat, achieving efficient heat dissipation. Subsequently, the coolant flows into the cooling pipe 12 from the other end of the spiral water pipe 15. After further cooling by the cooling pipe 12, it is finally discharged from the water outlet pipe 13, achieving continuous circulation of the coolant, ensuring that the shaft 2 maintains a suitable temperature during long-term operation, and avoiding performance degradation or damage due to overheating. At the same time, when the shaft 2 rotates, the limit ring 17 is accurately embedded in the limit groove 16, and the multiple rotating shafts 18 are evenly distributed and tightly fit the inner wall of the limit groove 16, so that the shaft 2 can rotate more smoothly in the limit groove 16 under the guidance of the limit ring 17, significantly improving the rotation stability of the shaft 2 and the stability of the overall structure, ensuring the reliability and service life of the equipment during high-speed operation.

[0035] Working principle: When the piston locking device of the composite electric spindle of the lathe milling machine is used, the shaft body 2 is first locked, and the hydraulic oil enters the oil ring 11 through the oil filling port 3, and then enters the wall 5 from the oil pipe 4, so that the hydraulic oil is pressurized to push the clamp 6 out from the inside of the wall 5, so that the clamp 6 clamps and locks the outer wall of the shaft body 2 through the anti-slip strip 7. When the hydraulic oil is decompressed, the clamp 6 and the shaft body 2 are loosened, and the tension of the tension spring 10 drives the clamp 6 to reset and retract into the wall 5. At the same time, the clamp 6 and the outer shaft 1 are connected through the cooperation of the connecting rod 1 8 and the connecting rod 2 9, so that the clamp 6 is more stable during operation, achieving the effect of resetting the clamp 6 when the shaft body 2 is unlocked. As a result, the heat generated by the shaft body 2 during high-speed rotation is transferred from the coolant through the water inlet pipe 14 into the spiral water pipe 15, and the coolant surrounds and wraps the shaft body 2 to dissipate heat. The coolant then enters the cooling pipe 12 from the other end of the spiral water pipe 15 and is discharged from the water outlet pipe 13 to circulate the coolant, thereby achieving the effect of dissipating heat for the shaft body 2. When the shaft body 2 rotates, the limiting ring 17 is embedded in the limiting groove 16, and the limiting ring 17 and the limiting groove 16 are fitted to the inner wall of the limiting groove 16 through multiple rotating shafts 18, so that the shaft body 2 can rotate more smoothly in the limiting groove 16 through the limiting ring 17, thereby achieving the effect of improving the stability of the shaft body 2.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine, comprising an outer shaft (1), characterized in that: The outer shaft (1) is rotatably connected to a shaft body (2), the outer shaft (1) is provided with a refueling port (3), the outer shaft (1) is provided with an oil delivery ring (11), the outer shaft (1) is provided with an oil delivery pipe (4), the outer shaft (1) is provided with a wall (5), the outer shaft (1) is provided with a clamping block (6), the clamping block (6) is slidably connected to the wall (5), and an anti-slip component is provided at the bottom of the clamping block (6). The sliding assembly is used to prevent the shaft body (2) from slipping. The outer shaft (1) is internally rotatably connected to a second connecting rod (9). One end of the second connecting rod (9) is rotatably connected to a first connecting rod (8). One end of the first connecting rod (8) is rotatably connected to the inside of the clamping block (6). A tension spring (10) is provided inside the wall (5). One end of the tension spring (10) is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer shaft (1), and the other end of the tension spring (10) is fixedly connected to the inside of the clamping block (6).

2. The piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-slip assembly comprises an anti-slip strip (7), the anti-slip strip (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping block (6), and the anti-slip strip (7) is in contact with the shaft body (2).

3. The piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the outer shaft (1) is fixedly connected to a water outlet pipe (13), and the outer wall of the outer shaft (1) is fixedly connected to a water inlet pipe (14).

4. The piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the water inlet pipe (14) is fixedly connected to a spiral water pipe (15), and the outer wall of the spiral water pipe (15) is fixedly connected to the inside of the outer shaft (1).

5. The piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the spiral water pipe (15) is fixedly connected to a cooling pipe (12), and the cooling pipe (12) is connected to one end of a water outlet pipe (13).

6. The piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting groove (16) is provided inside the outer shaft (1), and a limiting ring (17) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shaft body (2).

7. The piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting ring (17) is rotatably connected to the inside of the limiting groove (16), and a rotating shaft (18) is provided inside the limiting ring (17).

8. The piston locking device for a composite electric spindle of a turning and milling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating shafts (18) are arranged in a ring array and are rotatably connected inside the limiting ring (17), and the rotating shafts (18) are fitted inside the limiting groove (16).

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