Pre-combustion chamber structure, engine and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of engines, and discloses a pre-combustion chamber structure, an engine and a vehicle, the pre-combustion chamber structure comprises a pre-combustion chamber body, the pre-combustion chamber body is provided with a pre-combustion chamber, the pre-combustion chamber body is provided with a fuel channel, the inner circumferential wall of the pre-combustion chamber is provided with a diversion trench, the fuel channel is communicated with the first end of the diversion trench, and the second end of the diversion trench is communicated with the engine. The flow guide groove is formed in the inner circumferential wall of the pre-combustion chamber from the first end to the second end in an arc shape around the axis of the pre-combustion chamber. The engine comprises the pre-combustion chamber structure and further comprises an engine body, the engine body is provided with a main combustion chamber, the pre-combustion chamber body is arranged in the engine body, and the pre-combustion chamber is communicated with the main combustion chamber; the vehicle comprises a chassis and the engine arranged on the chassis. According to the pre-combustion chamber structure, the engine and the vehicle, fuel inlet air is changed from laminar flow to vortex flow, the air inlet structure is completely machined in the pre-combustion chamber body, the structure is simple, and machining is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a pre-combustion chamber structure, an engine and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, for engines that use active pre-chamber ignition technology, ensuring the stability of the pre-chamber jet ignition energy in each cylinder and each cycle is crucial to engine performance. Among them, the uniformity of the mixture in the pre-chamber is the key factor affecting the pre-chamber ignition energy.

[0003] In existing technologies, fuel enters the pre-combustion chamber in a laminar flow from the pre-combustion chamber air supply pipe or fuel channel. Once in the pre-combustion chamber, fuel accumulates in a localized area, affecting subsequent mixing with air. Furthermore, due to the high velocity of the laminar fuel flow, some fuel can flow through the nozzle holes into the main combustion chamber, resulting in fuel waste and a suboptimal excess air coefficient. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a pre-combustion chamber structure, an engine and a vehicle, wherein the fuel intake is changed from laminar flow to vortex flow, and the intake structure is entirely processed in the pre-combustion chamber body, which has a simple structure and is easy to process.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A precombustion chamber structure includes a precombustion chamber body, the precombustion chamber body is provided with a precombustion chamber, the precombustion chamber body is provided with a fuel channel, the inner circumferential wall of the precombustion chamber is provided with a guide groove, the fuel channel is connected to the first end of the guide groove, and the guide groove is arranged in an arc shape on the inner circumferential wall of the precombustion chamber from the first end to the second end around the axis of the precombustion chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the fuel channel is opened along the axial direction of the pre-combustion chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the fuel channel is connected to the first end of the guide groove through a connecting hole.

[0009] Preferably, the axial direction of the connecting hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the pre-combustion chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the angle of the guide groove is set to at least 90°.

[0011] Preferably, the guide groove includes a first groove portion and a second groove portion arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the pre-combustion chamber, the second groove portion is located below the first groove portion and is connected to the first groove portion, and the inner wall of the second groove portion extends downward from the inner wall of the first groove portion to the inner circumferential wall of the pre-combustion chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the angle between the inner wall of the second groove portion and the radial direction of the pre-combustion chamber is set to 30°-60°.

[0013] Preferably, the pre-combustion chamber includes a first chamber portion, a second chamber portion and a third chamber portion, the guide groove is opened on the inner peripheral wall of the first chamber portion, and the third chamber portion is connected and arranged between the first chamber portion and the second chamber portion, and the first chamber portion, the third chamber portion and the second chamber portion together form the funnel-shaped pre-combustion chamber.

[0014] An engine comprises the pre-combustion chamber structure described in any one of the above items, and also comprises an engine body, wherein the engine body has a main combustion chamber, the pre-combustion chamber body is arranged in the engine body, and the pre-combustion chamber is connected to the main combustion chamber.

[0015] A vehicle comprises the above-mentioned engine and a chassis, wherein the engine is arranged on the chassis.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] The utility model provides a pre-combustion chamber structure in which fuel enters the guide groove through the fuel channel, flows along the guide groove and finally enters the pre-combustion chamber. The guide groove is arranged in an arc shape on the inner peripheral wall of the pre-combustion chamber from the first end to the second end around the axis of the pre-combustion chamber, so that the fuel flows in an arc path during entry, forming a vortex. Compared with the laminar flow entry of fuel in the traditional structure, the problem of fuel accumulation after entering the pre-combustion chamber is effectively improved, ensuring uniform and reliable mixing with the air in the pre-combustion chamber. The entry of the fuel turbine effectively improves the scavenging effect, effectively reduces the flow rate, reduces the possibility of part of the fuel directly entering the main combustion chamber, reduces the waste of fuel, and enables the air coefficient to reach an ideal value. In addition, the air intake structure of the pre-combustion chamber structure is all processed in the pre-combustion chamber body, which has a simple structure and is easy to process.

[0018] The engine provided by the utility model applies the above-mentioned pre-combustion chamber structure, which has a simple structure and is easy to process. A vortex is formed when the fuel enters the pre-combustion chamber, which effectively improves the problem of fuel accumulation after entering the pre-combustion chamber and ensures uniform and reliable mixing with the air in the pre-combustion chamber.

[0019] The vehicle provided by the utility model uses the above-mentioned engine, and vortex is formed when the fuel enters the pre-combustion chamber, which effectively improves the problem of fuel accumulation after entering the pre-combustion chamber and ensures uniform and reliable mixing with the air in the pre-combustion chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pre-combustion chamber structure provided by the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a top view of the pre-combustion chamber structure provided by the present invention.

[0022] In the picture:

[0023] 1. Pre-combustion chamber body; 11. Nozzle hole;

[0024] 2. Precombustion chamber; 21. First chamber portion; 22. Second chamber portion; 23. Third chamber portion;

[0025] 3. Fuel channel;

[0026] 4. Guide groove; 41. First groove portion; 42. Second groove portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings only illustrate portions relevant to the present invention, not all of its components.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0030] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely for ease of description and simplified operation. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used solely for descriptive purposes and have no special meaning.

[0031] This embodiment provides a vehicle, the vehicle includes a chassis, and an engine is provided on the chassis. The engine includes an engine body, and the engine body has a main combustion chamber. This embodiment also provides a pre-combustion chamber structure. Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the pre-combustion chamber structure includes a pre-combustion chamber body 1, which defines a pre-combustion chamber 2. The pre-combustion chamber body 1 defines a fuel channel 3. A guide groove 4 is defined on the inner circumferential wall of the pre-combustion chamber 2. The fuel channel 3 is connected to the first end of the guide groove 4. The guide groove 4 is arranged in an arc shape on the inner circumferential wall of the pre-combustion chamber 2 from the first end to the second end around the axis of the pre-combustion chamber 2. The pre-combustion chamber 2 is connected to the main combustion chamber.

[0032] It can be understood that for active pre-combustion chamber 2 ignition, the fuel is pre-delivered to the pre-combustion chamber 2, mixed with the air in the pre-combustion chamber 2 and ignited by the spark plug. The ignited high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the main combustion chamber through the nozzle 11 opened in the pre-combustion chamber structure.

[0033] In this embodiment, the fuel enters the guide groove 4 through the fuel channel 3, flows along the guide groove 4 and finally enters the pre-combustion chamber 2. The guide groove 4 is arranged in an arc shape around the axis of the pre-combustion chamber 2 from the first end to the second end on the inner peripheral wall of the pre-combustion chamber 2, so that the fuel flows in an arc path during the entry process, forming a vortex. Compared with the laminar flow entry of fuel in the traditional structure, it effectively improves the problem of accumulation of fuel after entering the pre-combustion chamber 2, ensuring uniform and reliable mixing with the air in the pre-combustion chamber 2. The entry of the fuel turbine effectively improves the scavenging effect, effectively reduces the flow rate, reduces the possibility of part of the fuel directly entering the main combustion chamber, reduces the waste of fuel, and enables the air coefficient to reach an ideal value. In addition, the pre-combustion chamber structure and the air intake structure are all processed in the pre-combustion chamber body 1, which has a simple structure and is easy to process.

[0034] In this embodiment, the fuel channel 3 is opened along the axis of the pre-combustion chamber 2. Since the axis of the pre-combustion chamber 2 is generally arranged in a vertical direction, this arrangement allows the fuel to effectively fall into the fuel channel 3 under the action of its own gravity, ensuring that it can reliably and smoothly flow through the guide groove 4 and enter the pre-combustion chamber 2.

[0035] In some other optional embodiments, the fuel channel 3 can also be opened in other directions. For example, the fuel channel 3 can be opened in the radial direction of the pre-combustion chamber 2, and the fuel can be transported through the fuel channel 3 by an external delivery device, so that the fuel flows through the guide groove 4 and enters the pre-combustion chamber 2.

[0036] The specific layout direction of the fuel channel 3 can be adaptively adjusted according to the internal structure of the engine and the difficulty of the processing technology, and this application does not limit it.

[0037] In this embodiment, the fuel channel 3 is connected to the first end of the guide groove 4 via a connecting hole, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the pre-combustion chamber 2. Since the guide groove is formed on the inner circumferential wall of the pre-combustion chamber 2 and extends perpendicularly to the axis of the pre-combustion chamber 2, the axis of the connecting hole is perpendicular to the axis of the pre-combustion chamber 2. This allows the fuel to flow directly along the direction of the guide groove after passing through the connecting hole, ensuring that the fuel initially flows along the guide groove 4 at a certain speed.

[0038] In some other optional embodiments, a flow orifice plate is provided between the fuel channel 3 and the guide groove 4. The flow orifice plate has multiple flow holes evenly spaced apart, and the fuel channel 3 is connected to the first end of the guide groove 4 through the multiple flow holes. The provision of the flow orifice plate enables the fuel, after passing through the fuel channel 3, to be evenly introduced into the guide groove 4 through the multiple flow holes, thus evenly dispersing the fuel and preventing uneven distribution of the fuel within the guide groove 4. Optionally, the axes of the multiple flow holes are also perpendicular to the axis of the precombustion chamber 2.

[0039] In this embodiment, the curvature of the guide groove 4 is set to at least 90°. This ensures that the curved guide section of the guide groove 4 has a certain length, ensuring the reliability and effectiveness of the vortex after the fuel subsequently enters. For example, the curvature of the guide groove 4 can be set to 90°, 120°, or 150°, which is not limited in this application.

[0040] In some other optional embodiments, the guide groove 4 can also be set to a spiral shape along the inner wall of the precombustion chamber 2. In the process of the fuel flowing along the guide groove 4, the fuel can also be guided and transported downward along the axial direction of the precombustion chamber 2 for a distance, further ensuring that the fuel in the precombustion chamber 2 can be evenly distributed.

[0041] In this embodiment, the guide groove 4 includes a first groove portion 41 and a second groove portion 42, which are arranged sequentially along the axis of the pre-combustion chamber 2. The second groove portion 42 is located below and connected to the first groove portion 41. The second groove portion 42 extends downward from the first groove portion 41 to the inner peripheral wall of the pre-combustion chamber 2. Specifically, after entering the guide groove 4, the fuel flows in an arc-shaped trajectory within the first groove portion 41, and during this flow, it also tends to descend under its own gravity. By providing the second groove portion 42, the second groove portion 42 can reliably guide the fuel. As the fuel moves in an arc-shaped trajectory, it gradually maintains a vortex state and flows downward toward the pre-combustion chamber 2, ensuring that the fuel enters the pre-combustion chamber 2 reliably and effectively, and that it is effectively mixed with the air thereafter. Specifically, the angle between the second groove portion 42 and the radial direction of the pre-combustion chamber 2 is set to 30°-60°. Figure 1 The angle α shown in the middle is the angle between the second groove portion 42 and the radial direction of the pre-combustion chamber 2, which can be 30°, 45° or 60°, and is not limited in this application.

[0042] In some other optional embodiments, the second groove portion 42 may also be configured to be arc-shaped, as long as the second groove portion 42 can ensure a downward tilting trend.

[0043] In this embodiment, the precombustion chamber 2 comprises a first chamber portion 21, a second chamber portion 22, and a third chamber portion 23. A flow guide groove 4 is provided on the inner circumferential wall of the first chamber portion 21. The third chamber portion 23 is disposed between the first and second chamber portions 21, 22. Together, the first, third, and second chamber portions 21, 23, 22 form a funnel-shaped precombustion chamber 2. Specifically, the diameter of the first chamber portion 21 is larger than that of the second chamber portion 22. Fuel first enters the first chamber portion 21, where it is fully mixed with air before continuing downward to the second chamber portion 22. Upon reaching the second chamber portion 22, the fuel mixture is already well-mixed. The provision of the third chamber portion 23 provides a smooth transition between the first and second chamber portions 21, 22, causing the diameter of the precombustion chamber 2 to gradually decrease. The pre-combustion chamber 2 formed by the first chamber portion 21, the third chamber portion 23 and the second chamber portion 22 is arranged in a funnel shape as a whole. With this arrangement, after the fuel mixture is ignited, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas can effectively flow downward along the funnel-shaped pre-combustion chamber 2 and enter the main combustion chamber.

[0044] Optionally, rounded corner structures are provided between the first chamber portion 21 and the third chamber portion 23, and between the third chamber portion 23 and the second chamber portion 22. Such a configuration can enable a smooth transition in the connection between the first chamber portion 21 and the third chamber portion 23, and between the third chamber portion 23 and the second chamber portion 22, that is, the inner circumferential wall of the pre-combustion chamber 2 is smoothly connected as a whole, further ensuring the smooth flow of the fuel mixture from top to bottom.

[0045] Furthermore, the pre-combustion chamber body 1 is provided with a spray hole 11 that communicates with the second chamber portion 22. Specifically, the spray hole 11 is provided at the bottom of the second chamber portion 22. A plurality of spray holes 11 are provided, and the plurality of spray holes 11 are evenly spaced around the axis of the pre-combustion chamber 2. The number of spray holes 11 can be 4, 6, or 8, and this application does not impose any limitation thereto.

[0046] In summary, the pre-combustion chamber structure provided in this embodiment not only slows down the flow rate of the fuel and reduces the amount of fuel entering the combustion chamber during the process of the fuel running in a vortex trajectory from top to bottom, but also sweeps the original burned exhaust gas into the combustion chamber from the nozzle 11, and also improves the mixing effect of the fuel and air in the later stage. The engine provided in this embodiment applies the above-mentioned pre-combustion chamber structure, and the intake structure is all processed in the pre-combustion chamber body 1, which has a simple structure and is easy to process. The engine provided in this embodiment applies the above-mentioned pre-combustion chamber structure, which has a simple structure and is easy to process. A vortex is formed in the process of the fuel entering the pre-combustion chamber, which effectively improves the problem of the fuel accumulating after entering the pre-combustion chamber, and ensures uniform and reliable mixing with the air in the pre-combustion chamber. The vehicle provided by the utility model applies the above-mentioned engine, and a vortex is formed in the process of the fuel entering the pre-combustion chamber, which effectively improves the problem of the fuel accumulating after entering the pre-combustion chamber, and ensures uniform and reliable mixing with the air in the pre-combustion chamber.

[0047] Obviously, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the manner in which the present invention is to be implemented. A person skilled in the art would be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-combustion chamber structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pre-combustion chamber body (1), wherein the pre-combustion chamber body (1) is provided with a pre-combustion chamber (2), wherein the pre-combustion chamber body (1) is provided with a fuel channel (3), wherein the inner peripheral wall of the pre-combustion chamber (2) is provided with a guide groove (4), wherein the fuel channel (3) is connected to the first end of the guide groove (4), and the guide groove (4) is arranged in an arc shape around the axis of the pre-combustion chamber (2) from the first end to the second end on the inner peripheral wall of the pre-combustion chamber (2).

2. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel channel (3) is opened along the axial direction of the pre-combustion chamber (2).

3. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel channel (3) is connected to the first end of the guide groove (4) via a connecting hole.

4. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The axial direction of the connecting hole is perpendicular to the axial direction of the pre-combustion chamber (2).

5. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle of the guide groove (4) is set to at least 90°.

6. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide groove (4) comprises a first groove portion (41) and a second groove portion (42) which are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the pre-combustion chamber (2); the second groove portion (42) is located below the first groove portion (41) and is connected to the first groove portion (41); the inner wall of the second groove portion (42) extends downwardly from the inner wall of the first groove portion (41) to the inner peripheral wall of the pre-combustion chamber (2).

7. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The included angle between the inner wall of the second groove portion (42) and the radial direction of the pre-combustion chamber (2) is set to be 30°-60°.

8. The pre-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-combustion chamber (2) comprises a first chamber portion (21), a second chamber portion (22) and a third chamber portion (23); the guide groove (4) is opened on the inner peripheral wall of the first chamber portion (21); the third chamber portion (23) is connected and arranged between the first chamber portion (21) and the second chamber portion (22); the first chamber portion (21), the third chamber portion (23) and the second chamber portion (22) together form the funnel-shaped pre-combustion chamber (2).

9. An engine, characterized in that: It comprises a pre-combustion chamber structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and also comprises an engine body, wherein the engine body has a main combustion chamber, the pre-combustion chamber body (1) is arranged in the engine body, and the pre-combustion chamber (2) is connected to the main combustion chamber.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises the engine as claimed in claim 9, and further comprises a chassis, wherein the engine is arranged on the chassis.

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