Lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions

Abstract

The utility model relates to a lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions, which comprises a combined shell, a connecting cable and a charging main control board, the combined shell comprises an end cover and an alloy shell, and heat dissipation grooves and heat dissipation fins are respectively arranged outside the combined shell and the alloy shell; an LLC resonance circuit and a pulse activation bypass circuit of the charging main control board are connected to a DCDC conversion circuit, a power supply input end passes through a rectification filter circuit and then is connected with a charging output end through the DCDC conversion circuit and the pulse activation bypass circuit, an input end of a single-chip microcomputer control circuit is connected with a charged battery, and an output end of the single-chip microcomputer control circuit is connected with an output end of the charging main control board. And the output end is respectively connected with the DCDC conversion circuit and the pulse activation bypass circuit. The shell of the charger is designed to have certain impact resistance and falling resistance, a safe and good heat dissipation effect can be achieved, and the mainboard has auxiliary functions of battery damage charging stopping, current limiting protection, backflow prevention and the like on the basis of having output reverse connection prevention and under-voltage pulse activation functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle-to-grid devices, and in particular to a lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions. Background Art

[0002] Common portable chargers on the current market generally have highly homogeneous shell designs, and lack the design and improvement of heat dissipation functions. In addition, these chargers generally do not have pulse activation charging functions, and usually charge directly after power is turned on. This charging method is very likely to directly damage the battery and charger when the battery is reversely connected, which brings unnecessary risks and losses to users. At the same time, when the lithium battery is left for a long time and enters the undervoltage protection state, the charger cannot activate the lithium battery directly, that is, the battery cannot be charged. This not only limits the use scenarios of lithium batteries, but also brings inconvenience to users and reduces the user experience. In addition, for certain damaged batteries, there is a risk of bulging, deformation, and even fire and explosion over a long period of time. Therefore, portable chargers and chargers on the current market have obvious defects in safety and functionality, and urgently need to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the existing chargers in terms of shell structure design, mainboard safety and functionality, and to provide a lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions, which has the advantages of safety, reliability, durability and low failure rate. The shell design has a certain impact resistance and drop resistance, and achieves a safe and good heat dissipation effect. The mainboard has a certain repair effect on the lithium battery on the basis of having output reverse connection protection and undervoltage pulse activation functions. At the same time, it has auxiliary functions such as battery damage stop charging, current limiting protection and backflow prevention, which solves the problem that the existing chargers cannot activate deeply discharged batteries, and the problem that long-term high-current charging of certain damaged batteries causes battery swelling and even fire and explosion.

[0004] The lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions includes a combined housing, a connecting cable, and a charging main control board. The charging main control board is installed and fixed inside the combined housing. The two connecting cables are installed and fixed at both ends of the combined housing and extend into the combined housing to connect to the charging main control board. The combined housing includes end caps located on both sides and an alloy housing located in the center. The two ends of the alloy housing are sealed and connected to the two end caps. The end caps are provided with heat dissipation grooves. The four outer surfaces of the alloy housing are provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins extending in the extension direction. The charging main control board integrates a rectifier and filter circuit, a DC-DC conversion circuit, an LLC resonant circuit, a pulse-activated bypass circuit, and a single-chip microcomputer control circuit. The LLC resonant circuit and the pulse-activated bypass circuit are connected to the DC-DC conversion circuit. The power supply input is connected to the charging output after passing through the rectifier and filter circuit, and then through the DC-DC conversion circuit and the pulse-activated bypass circuit respectively. The input end of the single-chip microcomputer control circuit is connected to the charged battery, and the output end of the single-chip microcomputer control circuit is connected to the DC-DC conversion circuit and the pulse-activated bypass circuit respectively.

[0005] Optimized, the pulse activated bypass circuit is provided with a P-channel MOS tube for controlling pulse output, a current limiting PTC, and an anti-backflow diode.

[0006] Furthermore, the output end of the single chip microcomputer control circuit is connected to a P-channel MOS transistor.

[0007] Furthermore, the connecting cables are fixed integrally on the end cover, and the outer ends of the two connecting cables are respectively provided with plugs for connecting to the AC power supply and for connecting to the load charging port; the inner ends of the two connecting cables extend into the combined shell and are respectively connected to the power supply input and charging output integrated on the charging main control board.

[0008] The utility model discloses a lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions, which overcomes the shortcomings of existing chargers in terms of shell structure design, mainboard safety and functionality. It is safe, reliable, durable and has a low failure rate. Its shell design can have a certain impact resistance and drop resistance, and achieve a safe and good heat dissipation effect. Its mainboard has a certain repair effect on lithium batteries on the basis of having output reverse connection protection and undervoltage pulse activation functions. At the same time, it has auxiliary functions such as battery damage shutdown, current limiting protection and backflow prevention, which solves the problem that existing chargers cannot activate deeply discharged batteries, and that long-term high-current charging of certain damaged batteries may cause battery swelling or even fire and explosion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] The following is a further description of a lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0010] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the main planar structure of the lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions;

[0011] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the top plan structure;

[0012] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the upward-looking plane structure;

[0013] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the end cover with a heat dissipation slot design;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the end cover with another heat dissipation slot design;

[0015] Figure 6 This is a wireframe diagram of the logical structure and connection principle of the charging main control board of the lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions;

[0016] Figure 7 This is the rectifier filter circuit, DCDC conversion circuit, and pulse activation bypass circuit of the charging main control board of the lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions.

[0017] Figure 8 This is the LLC resonant circuit diagram of the charging main control board of the lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions;

[0018] Figure 9 This is a single chip microcomputer control circuit diagram of the charging main control board of the lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions.

[0019] In the picture:

[0020] 1-combined housing; 11-end cover, 12-alloy housing, 13-heat sink, 14-heat fin;

[0021] 2-Connect the cables;

[0022] 3- Charging main control board; 31- Rectification and filtering circuit, 32- DCDC conversion circuit, 33- LLC resonant circuit, 34- Pulse activation bypass circuit, 35- Single chip microcomputer control circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; they can refer to direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model based on specific circumstances.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0026] Implementation method 1: Figures 1 to 9As shown, the lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions includes a combined housing 1, a connecting cable 2, and a charging main control board 3. The charging main control board 3 is installed and fixed inside the combined housing 1. The two connecting cables 2 are installed and fixed at both ends of the combined housing 1 and extend into the combined housing 1 to connect with the charging main control board 3. The combined housing 1 includes end caps 11 on both sides and an alloy housing 12 in the center. The two ends of the alloy housing 12 are sealed to the two end caps 11. The end caps 11 are provided with heat dissipation grooves 13. The four outer surfaces of the alloy housing 12 are provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins 14 extending in the direction of extension. The charging main control board 3 integrates a rectifier and filter circuit 31, a DCDC conversion circuit 32, an LLC resonant circuit 33, a pulse-activated bypass circuit 34 and a single-chip microcomputer control circuit 35. The LLC resonant circuit 33 and the pulse-activated bypass circuit 34 are connected to the DCDC conversion circuit 32. The power supply input end is connected to the charging output end after passing through the rectifier and filter circuit 31 and the DCDC conversion circuit 32 and the pulse-activated bypass circuit 34 respectively. The input end of the single-chip microcomputer control circuit 35 is connected to the charged battery, and the output end of the single-chip microcomputer control circuit 35 is connected to the DCDC conversion circuit 32 and the pulse-activated bypass circuit 34 respectively. During operation: the single-chip microcomputer control circuit first detects whether the battery is reversely connected. If the battery is reversely connected, the pulse activation bypass circuit controlled by the single-chip microcomputer control circuit does not work; if the battery is not reversely connected, the single-chip microcomputer control circuit controls the pulse activation bypass circuit to send a small current pulse charge; at this time, if the battery is in undervoltage protection state, after the charger stops sending the pulse voltage, the battery voltage increases due to pulse charging. When the single-chip microcomputer control circuit tests that the battery has a certain voltage, it opens the main circuit to charge the battery in pre-charge mode. At this time, the low voltage current is generally 0.3*Imax, which is convenient for battery repair. At the same time, the pre-charge has a time limit to prevent bad batteries from causing battery bulging and deformation for a long time; after charging to a certain voltage, it is charged with constant current Imax, and then charged to a certain voltage with constant voltage, and finally charged with trickle current. When the voltage and current meet the conditions, the green light turns on to indicate that it is full. The single-chip microcomputer control circuit presets the time and total time of each stage to prevent bad batteries from charging for a long time.

[0027] Implementation method 2: Figures 7 to 9As shown, in this lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions, the pulse-activated bypass circuit 34 is equipped with a P-channel MOS transistor for controlling pulse output, a current-limiting PTC, and a backflow prevention diode. The pulse-activated bypass circuit uses a P-channel MOS transistor, which is controlled by the output signal of the single-chip microcomputer control circuit. Because the P-channel MOS transistor can conduct at low voltage, it can be effectively controlled without an external power supply voltage. The PTC is connected in series with the pulse-activated bypass circuit to limit the pulse current and prevent damage to the battery. A diode is provided in the pulse-activated bypass circuit to prevent backflow of the battery and damage to the charger body. The output end of the single-chip microcomputer control circuit 35 is connected to the P-channel MOS transistor. It is used to receive the output signal of the single-chip microcomputer control circuit and execute the pulse-activated bypass circuit output. The remaining structure and components are as described in Implementation Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0028] Implementation method 3: Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the connecting cables 2 of this lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions are integrally fixed to the end cap 11. The outer ends of the two connecting cables 2 are respectively provided with plugs for connecting to the AC power supply and the load charging port; the inner ends of the two connecting cables 2 extend into the combined housing 1 and are respectively connected to the power input and charging output terminals integrated on the charging main control board 3. The housing is designed as a fully enclosed sealed structure surrounded by an alloy housing and end caps, which makes it explosion-proof and flame-retardant. A large number of heat dissipating fins are designed on the alloy housing so that the heat generated inside can be quickly diffused outward and carried away by the ambient air, providing a good, reasonable, and safe heat dissipation effect. The remaining structures and components are as described in Implementation 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0029] This lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection features overcomes shortcomings in existing chargers in terms of housing design, motherboard safety, and functionality. It is safe, reliable, durable, and has a low failure rate. Its housing design provides impact resistance and drop resistance, while also ensuring safe and effective heat dissipation. Its motherboard, while offering output reverse polarity protection and undervoltage pulse activation, also provides a repair function for lithium batteries. It also incorporates auxiliary functions such as charging halt for damaged batteries, current limiting protection, and backflow protection. These features address existing chargers' inability to reactivate deeply discharged batteries, as well as the potential for bulging and even fire and explosion caused by prolonged, high-current charging of damaged batteries. Specific parameters for this charger include: input voltage: 176VAC-264VAC, output power: 750W-800W, voltage range: 24Vdc-88Vdc, and current: maximum 10A. It is widely used in the fields of electric two-wheeled vehicles, electric tricycles, electric cars, sightseeing vehicles, patrol cars, forklifts, communications, electricity, as well as ships and other fields for the activation, pre-charge, constant current, constant voltage and other charging stages of lithium battery packs (ternary lithium batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries, lithium titanate batteries, etc.).

[0030] The above description shows the main features, basic principles, and advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments or examples, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, the above embodiments or examples should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0031] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions, characterized by: The device comprises a combined housing (1), a connecting cable (2) and a charging main control board (3), wherein the charging main control board (3) is installed and fixed inside the combined housing (1), and two connecting cables (2) are installed and fixed at both ends of the combined housing (1) and extend into the combined housing (1) to be connected to the charging main control board (3), wherein: The combined housing (1) comprises end covers (11) located on both sides and an alloy housing (12) located in the center. Both ends of the alloy housing (12) are sealedly connected to the two end covers (11). The end covers (11) are provided with heat dissipation grooves (13). The four outer surfaces of the alloy housing (12) are provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins (14) arranged and extending in an elongated direction. The charging main control board (3) is integrated with a rectifier filter circuit (31), a DCDC conversion circuit (32), an LLC resonant circuit (33), a pulse activated bypass circuit (34) and a single chip microcomputer control circuit (35); the LLC resonant circuit (33) and the pulse activated bypass circuit (34) are connected to the DCDC conversion circuit (32); the power supply input end is connected to the charging output end after passing through the rectifier filter circuit (31) and the DCDC conversion circuit (32) and the pulse activated bypass circuit (34); the input end of the single chip microcomputer control circuit (35) is connected to the battery to be charged, and the output end of the single chip microcomputer control circuit (35) is connected to the DCDC conversion circuit (32) and the pulse activated bypass circuit (34).

2. The lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse activation bypass circuit (34) is provided with a P-channel MOS tube for controlling pulse output, a current limiting PTC, and an anti-backflow diode.

3. The lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output end of the single chip control circuit (35) is connected to a P-channel MOS transistor.

4. The lithium battery charger with multiple charging protection functions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting cables (2) are integrally fixed to the end cover (11), and the outer ends of the two connecting cables (2) are respectively provided with plugs for connecting to an AC power source and a plug for connecting to a load charging port; the inner ends of the two connecting cables (2) extend into the combined housing (1) and are respectively connected to a power supply input terminal and a charging output terminal integrated on the charging main control board (3).

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