Photovoltaic tile and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic tile and a photovoltaic assembly. The photovoltaic tile comprises a composite panel, a first back plate, a second back plate and a battery piece, the composite panel is a first water blocking plate, and the composite panel has light transmission; the first back plate is a second water blocking plate; the second back plate is a metal plate; the battery piece is located between the composite panel and the first back plate, and a waterproof belt is packaged on the edge of the battery piece. The waterproof tape is packaged at the edge of the battery piece, and the first water-blocking plate and the second water-blocking plate are respectively arranged on the front and back surfaces of the battery piece, so that a comprehensive high-water-blocking protection structure is formed for the battery piece, water vapor is effectively prevented from corroding the battery piece, the power attenuation of the photovoltaic tile is ensured to be relatively low, and high-efficiency power generation can be kept for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, and more specifically, to a photovoltaic tile and a photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic tiles are devices that convert solar energy into electricity. The cells in these tiles absorb light and convert it into electricity. Due to their operating principles, these cells, especially TOPCon cells, HJT cells, and perovskite cells, are sensitive to moisture. Since photovoltaic tiles are typically installed outdoors, moisture contamination can accelerate power degradation. Utility Model Content

[0003] The embodiments of the present utility model provide a photovoltaic tile and a photovoltaic module.

[0004] The photovoltaic tile of the embodiment of the present application includes a composite panel, a first backboard, a second backboard and a battery cell, wherein the composite panel is a first water-blocking plate, and the composite panel is light-transmitting; the first backboard is a second water-blocking plate; the second backboard is a metal plate; the battery cell is located between the composite panel and the first backboard, and the edge of the battery cell is encapsulated with a waterproof tape.

[0005] The photovoltaic tiles of the embodiment of the present application form a comprehensive high-water-resistance protection structure for the battery cells by encapsulating waterproof tape on the edge of the battery cells and arranging a first water-blocking plate and a second water-blocking plate on the front and back sides of the battery cells respectively, thereby effectively blocking water vapor from corroding the battery cells, thereby ensuring that the power attenuation of the photovoltaic tiles is low and that high-efficiency power generation can be maintained for a long time.

[0006] In some embodiments, the composite panel includes a weather-resistant film and a substrate, the weather-resistant film layer covers a surface of the substrate facing away from the battery cell, and the water vapor transmission rate of the composite panel ranges from 0.001 to 0.0001 g / sq.m / day.

[0007] In certain embodiments, the first back sheet is a plastic sheet, and the water vapor transmission rate of the first back sheet is in the range of 0.1 to 0.001 g / sq.m / day.

[0008] In certain embodiments, the water vapor transmission rate of the waterproof tape ranges from 0.15 to 0.7 g / sq.m / day.

[0009] In certain embodiments, the cell sheet includes a first surface and a second surface facing each other, the first surface faces the composite panel, and the waterproof tape seals edges of the first surface and the second surface.

[0010] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic tile includes a first adhesive film layer and a second adhesive film layer, the first adhesive film layer is arranged between the composite panel and the battery cell, and the second adhesive film layer is arranged between the battery cell and the first backplane, and the water vapor permeability of the first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer is at most 0.7g / sq.m / day.

[0011] In certain embodiments, along the thickness direction of the composite panel, the projections of the first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer on the battery cell coincide with the outer contour of the battery cell.

[0012] In some embodiments, the battery cell is located within the projection range of the composite panel and the first backplane in the thickness direction on the reference plane, and the first backplane is located within the projection range of the second backplane in the thickness direction on the reference plane, where the reference plane is the plane where the battery cell is located.

[0013] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic tile further includes a third adhesive film layer, which is disposed between the first backplane and the second backplane, and a projection of the third adhesive film layer along the thickness direction on the reference plane coincides with a projection of the first backplane on the reference plane.

[0014] The photovoltaic assembly according to the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of the photovoltaic tiles described above, and the plurality of photovoltaic tiles are electrically connected.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and will become apparent from the following description or learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments with reference to the following drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic tile according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a photovoltaic tile according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the photovoltaic tile according to the embodiment of the present invention from another perspective.

[0020] Description of reference numerals:

[0021] 100-photovoltaic tile; 10-cell; 11-waterproof tape; 12-first surface; 13-second surface; 30-composite panel; 31-weather-resistant film; 32-substrate; 41-first backsheet; 42-second backsheet; 51-first adhesive film layer; 52-second adhesive film layer; 53-third adhesive film layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature may include the first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature may include the first feature being directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0024] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but a person of ordinary skill in the art may be aware of the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0025] In recent years, perovskites have garnered widespread attention in the photovoltaic industry for their exceptional photoelectric properties. However, perovskites are highly sensitive to the environment. For example, perovskite cells rapidly degrade when exposed to water vapor, making them difficult to use in typical outdoor applications. Furthermore, crystalline silicon cells manufactured using technologies such as Topcon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) and HJT (Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-film) are also sensitive to water vapor, which in turn affects their power generation performance.

[0026] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 The photovoltaic tile 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes a composite panel 30, a first backboard 41, a second backboard 42 and a battery cell 10, wherein the composite panel 30 is a first water-blocking plate, and the composite panel 30 is light-transmissive; the first backboard 41 is a second water-blocking plate; the second backboard 42 is a metal plate; the battery cell 10 is located between the composite panel 30 and the first backboard 41, and the edge of the battery cell 10 is encapsulated with a waterproof tape 11.

[0027] The photovoltaic tile 100 of the embodiment of the present application forms a comprehensive high-water-resistance protection structure for the battery cell 10 by encapsulating a waterproof tape 11 on the edge of the battery cell 10 and arranging a first water-blocking plate and a second water-blocking plate on the front and back sides of the battery cell 10, thereby effectively blocking water vapor from corroding the battery cell 10, thereby ensuring that the power attenuation of the photovoltaic tile 100 is low and that high-efficiency power generation can be maintained for a long time.

[0028] Specifically, the photovoltaic tile 100 can be applied to the surface of a building or outdoor flat land. For example, the photovoltaic tile 100 can be laid on a roof, wall or public facilities such as street lights. For another example, the photovoltaic tile 100 can also be laid over a large area to construct a photovoltaic power generation base.

[0029] The photovoltaic tile 100 is generally flat, and the cell 10 is pressed into a flat shape. The cell 10 is used to convert light energy into electrical energy. The cell 10 can be a crystalline silicon cell manufactured using Topcon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) technology or HJT (Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-film) technology, or a perovskite cell.

[0030] The composite panel 30, first back panel 41, and second back panel 42 can all be flat, thin plates. The composite panel 30 and first back panel 41 can be made of different polymer materials, reducing weight while achieving high structural strength and good waterproofing. The second back panel 42 can be made of aluminum, which is lightweight and highly reliable.

[0031] The composite panel 30 is located on the light-receiving side of the cell 10, i.e., the front side of the cell 10. The first back sheet 41 and the second back sheet 42 are located on the backlight side of the cell 10, i.e., the back side of the cell 10, with the first back sheet 41 located between the cell 10 and the second back sheet 42.

[0032] Alternatively, the photovoltaic module may be in a square plate-like structure, and the cell 10 may be pressed into a square flat plate. The waterproof strips may be in the form of straight strips and sequentially encapsulate the four edges of the cell 10. The waterproof tape 11 may be applied to the edges of the cell 10 in a straight strip, or may be a straight strip of tape directly applied to the edges of the cell 10.

[0033] In other embodiments, the waterproof tape 11 may also have curved or irregular edges.

[0034] The waterproof tape 11 is made of water-resistant plastic, for example, the main components of the waterproof tape 11 are butyl rubber and polyisobutylene. At least one side of the waterproof tape 11 facing the battery cell 10 is adhesive.

[0035] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, the composite panel 30 includes a weather-resistant film 31 and a substrate 32. The weather-resistant film 31 covers the surface of the substrate 32 facing away from the battery cell 10. The water vapor transmission rate of the composite panel 30 ranges from 0.001 to 0.0001 g / sq.m / day (including the end points).

[0036] In this way, the composite panel 30 has an extremely low water vapor transmission rate and high weather resistance, so that the composite panel 30 can effectively provide waterproof protection for the battery cell 10 for a long time.

[0037] Specifically, the weather-resistant film 31 can be made of fluoroplastics, for example, ETFE (ethylene-tetra-fluoro-ethylene) film, PVDF (polyvinylidene difluoride) film, or PVF (vinyl fluoride homopolymer) film. The substrate 32 can be made of engineering plastics with good light transmittance.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first back sheet 41 is a plastic sheet, and the water vapor transmission rate of the first back sheet 41 is in the range of 0.1 to 0.001 g / sq.m / day (inclusive).

[0039] In this way, the first back sheet 41 is light in weight and has a low water vapor transmission rate, thereby achieving lightweighting of the product while improving the waterproof capability of the back side of the battery cell 10 .

[0040] Specifically, the first back sheet 41 can be a high water-resistance sheet made of PET plastic composite additives. Furthermore, the first back sheet 41 has high weather resistance, thereby increasing the service life of the photovoltaic tile 100.

[0041] In some embodiments, the water vapor transmission rate of the waterproof tape 11 ranges from 0.15 to 0.7 g / sq.m / day (inclusive). Thus, the waterproof tape 11 has a low water vapor transmission rate. The waterproof tape 11 is encapsulated around the edges of the solar cell 10, effectively preventing water vapor erosion at the edges of the solar cell 10 and improving the waterproofing capability of the photovoltaic tile 100.

[0042] Specifically, taking the waterproof tape 11 as an example, the main components of which are butyl rubber and polyisobutylene, the water vapor permeability of the waterproof tape 1111 is 0.25 g / sq.m / day.

[0043] See also Figure 3 Optionally, the width D of the waterproof tape 11 ranges from 5 mm to 20 mm. The width D of the waterproof tape 11 matches the length and width of the battery cell 10 .

[0044] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the cell 10 includes a first surface 12 and a second surface 13 facing each other, the first surface 12 faces the composite panel 30 , and the waterproof tape 11 encapsulates edges of the first surface 12 and the second surface 13 .

[0045] In this way, the edges of the first surface 12 and the second surface 13 are encapsulated by the waterproof tape 11 , thereby providing sufficient waterproof protection to the edges of the battery cell 10 .

[0046] Specifically, the first surface 12 is the light-receiving side of the cell 10, and the second surface 13 is the backlight side of the cell 10. The first surface 12 can be connected to the composite panel 30 by gluing, while the second surface 13 faces the first backsheet 41 and can be connected to the first backsheet 41 by gluing. Two waterproof tapes 11 can be provided on each side of the cell 10, with the two waterproof tapes 11 facing the first surface 12 and the second surface 13, respectively, and jointly covering or coating the corresponding side of the cell 10.

[0047] The two waterproof tapes 11 located on the same side may partially extend beyond the edges of the first surface 12 and the second surface 13 along the width direction or the length direction of the battery cell 10. The portions of the two waterproof tapes 11 extending beyond the edges of the battery cell 10 may be adhered to each other, or the sides of the battery cell 10 may be coated or covered along the thickness direction of the battery cell 10.

[0048] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic tile 100 includes a first adhesive film layer 51 and a second adhesive film layer 52. The first adhesive film layer 51 is arranged between the composite panel 30 and the battery cell 10, and the second adhesive film layer 52 is arranged between the battery cell 10 and the first back sheet 41. The water vapor permeability of the first adhesive film layer 51 and the second adhesive film layer 52 is at most 0.7 g / sq.m / day (including the end point).

[0049] In this way, the front and back surfaces of the cell 10 are covered by the first adhesive film layer 51 and the second adhesive film layer 52 and the composite panel 30 and the first back plate 41 are respectively bonded, thereby improving the connection stability of each layer structure in the photovoltaic tile 100 and further improving the waterproof protection capability of the cell 10.

[0050] Optionally, the first film layer 51 and the second film layer 52 are both POE films. POE (Polyolefin Elastomer) is a new type of thermoplastic formed by in-situ polymerization of ethylene and octene, and has a lower water vapor permeability than EVA film and PVB film commonly used in related technologies.

[0051] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, along the thickness direction of the composite panel 30, the projections of the first adhesive film layer 51 and the second adhesive film layer 52 on the cell 10 coincide with the outer contour of the cell 10. In this way, the first adhesive film layer 51 and the second adhesive film layer 52 can completely cover the front and back surfaces of the cell 10, ensuring sufficient bonding stability and waterproof coverage.

[0052] Specifically, the thickness direction of the photovoltaic tile 100 is a stacked structure that is consistent with the thickness direction of each layer of the composite panel 30, the first adhesive film layer 51, the battery cell 10, the second adhesive film layer 52, the first backplane 41 and the second backplane 42. The projection direction in the embodiments of the present application is the thickness direction of the photovoltaic tile 100.

[0053] It should be noted that the outer contour of the cell 10 includes the outline formed by the portion of the waterproof tape 11 extending beyond the edge of the cell 10. Optionally, the photovoltaic tile 100 is a flat-plate structure, and the projections of the first and second adhesive film layers 51, 52 onto the cell 10 coincide with the outer contour of the cell 10. The first and second adhesive film layers 51, 52 have the same shape and dimensions as the cell 10 (including the waterproof tape 11). Because the waterproof tape 11 wraps around each side edge of the cell 10, the edges of the first and second adhesive film layers 51, 52 can be flush with the outer edges of the waterproof tape 11 along the thickness direction.

[0054] See also Figure 2 In some embodiments, the battery cell 10 is located within the projection range of the composite panel 30 and the first backplane 41 along the thickness direction on the reference plane, and the first backplane 41 is located within the projection range of the second backplane 42 along the thickness direction on the reference plane, where the reference plane is the plane where the battery cell 10 is located.

[0055] In this way, the composite panel 30 and the first backboard 41 can completely cover the front and back surfaces of the cell 10, and the second backboard 42 completely covers the back of the first backboard 41, so that the stacking structure inside the photovoltaic tile 100 is relatively stable and plays a sufficient waterproof protection role.

[0056] Specifically, the edges of the composite panel 30 and the first back plate 41 may be flush with the battery cell 10 in the thickness direction or partially exceed the edge of the battery cell 10 along the panel surface direction.

[0057] Optionally, the edge of the second backsheet 42 partially extends beyond the first backsheet 41 in the width or length direction, thereby reserving space for the overlapping structure of the photovoltaic tile 100 and the adjacent photovoltaic tile 100. Furthermore, the width of the second backsheet 42 extending beyond the first backsheet 41 ranges from 10 to 100 mm.

[0058] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the photovoltaic tile 100 further includes a third adhesive film layer 53, which is disposed between the first backplane 41 and the second backplane 42, and a projection of the third adhesive film layer 53 on the reference plane along the thickness direction coincides with a projection of the first backplane 41 on the reference plane.

[0059] In this way, the first backplane 41 and the second backplane 42 are bonded by the third adhesive film layer 53, and the third adhesive film layer 53 coincides with the projection of the first backplane 41, so that the third adhesive film layer 53 can fully cover the surface of the first backplane 41, thereby improving the connection strength between the first backplane 41 and the second backplane 42.

[0060] Specifically, the third adhesive layer 53 can completely cover the surface of the first backplane 41 facing the second backplane 42, thereby bonding the first backplane 41 to the second backplane 42. The third adhesive layer 53 can be made of thermoplastic plastic such as POE, EVA (Polyethylene vinylacetate), or PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral).

[0061] In a specific embodiment, the composite panel 30, the first adhesive film layer 51, the solar cell 10, the second adhesive film layer 52, the first back sheet 41, the third adhesive film layer 53, and the second back sheet 42 are sequentially stacked and pressed together to form a whole. The composite panel 30 is a first water-blocking plate made of a composite material, the first adhesive film layer 51 and the second adhesive film layer 52 are both POE films, the first back sheet 41 is a second water-blocking plate made of plastic, the third adhesive film layer 53 is EVA film, and the second back sheet 42 is an aluminum plate. This allows the photovoltaic tile 100 to have high water resistance, thereby ensuring low power attenuation.

[0062] The photovoltaic module (not shown) of the embodiment of the present application includes more than one photovoltaic tile 100, and the multiple photovoltaic tiles 100 are electrically connected. In this way, the electrical connection of multiple photovoltaic tiles 100 can increase the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0063] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically specified.

[0064] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic tile, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tile comprises: A composite panel, the composite panel being a first water-blocking panel and having light transmittance; a first back plate, wherein the first back plate is a second water blocking plate; a second back plate, the second back plate being a metal plate; and, A battery cell is located between the composite panel and the first back plate, and a waterproof tape is packaged around the edge of the battery cell.

2. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite panel includes a weather-resistant film and a substrate. The weather-resistant film layer covers a surface of the substrate facing away from the battery cell. The water vapor transmission rate of the composite panel ranges from 0.001 to 0.0001 g / sq.m / day.

3. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first back plate is a plastic plate, and the water vapor transmission rate of the first back plate is in the range of 0.1 to 0.001 g / sq.m / day.

4. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water vapor permeability of the waterproof tape is in the range of 0.15 to 0.7 g / sq.m / day.

5. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cell sheet includes a first surface and a second surface facing each other, the first surface faces the composite panel, and the waterproof tape seals edges of the first surface and the second surface.

6. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tile includes a first adhesive film layer and a second adhesive film layer. The first adhesive film layer is arranged between the composite panel and the battery cell, and the second adhesive film layer is arranged between the battery cell and the first backboard. The water vapor permeability of the first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer is at most 0.7g / sq.m / day.

7. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 6, characterized in that: Along the thickness direction of the composite panel, the projections of the first adhesive film layer and the second adhesive film layer on the battery cell coincide with the outer contour of the battery cell.

8. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery cell is located within the projection range of the composite panel and the first backplane along the thickness direction on the reference plane, and the first backplane is located within the projection range of the second backplane along the thickness direction on the reference plane. The reference plane is the plane where the battery cell is located.

9. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 8, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tile further includes a third adhesive film layer, which is disposed between the first backplane and the second backplane, and a projection of the third adhesive film layer along the thickness direction on the reference plane coincides with a projection of the first backplane on the reference plane.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tiles according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are electrically connected.

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