Electrode preparation equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides an electrode preparation device, which comprises a printing device, which comprises a printing area and is used for printing electrode slurry on a to-be-printed battery piece in the printing area; the sintering device is provided with a sintering area, the sintering area is provided with a to-be-printed battery piece printed with electrode slurry, a magnetic field module is arranged in the sintering area, a magnetic field emitted by the magnetic field module is used for controlling the atomic crystal orientation of the electrode slurry, and the sintering device is used for sintering the electrode slurry on the to-be-printed battery piece located in the sintering area. The magnetic field module can generate a magnetic field for guiding the atomic crystal orientation in the electrode slurry, so that the crystal orientation in the slurry tends to be consistent, and the sintered electrode has a more regular crystal structure. The problem of poor battery performance caused by poor electrode crystallinity of the solar battery prepared in the related technology is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of solar photovoltaic technology, and in particular to an electrode preparation device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, electrodes are prepared in the workshop using a screen printing process. A scraper is used to squeeze the electrode material through the screen, causing it to adhere to the substrate and form a pattern. This traditional screen printing process has limitations in terms of precision, uniformity, and controllability, making it difficult to print high-precision and complex patterns. Furthermore, the electrode slurry is sintered directly after printing to form the electrode, resulting in poor electrode crystallization and, in turn, poor battery performance. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present application provides an electrode preparation device to solve the problem that the electrodes of solar cells prepared in the related art have poor crystallinity, which in turn leads to poor battery performance.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present application, an electrode preparation device is provided, comprising: a printing device including a printing area, the printing device being used to print electrode paste on a battery cell to be printed in the printing area; a sintering device having a sintering area, the sintering area having a battery cell to be printed with the electrode paste printed thereon, the sintering area having a magnetic field module, the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic field module being used to control the atomic crystal orientation of the electrode paste, and the sintering device being used to sinter the electrode paste on the battery cell to be printed in the sintering area.

[0005] Optionally, the electrode preparation equipment further includes a magnetic field generating device, the electrode slurry includes a magnetic adsorption material, the magnetic field generating device is located within a preset range with a predetermined distance from the printing device, and the magnetic field generating device is used to adsorb the magnetic adsorption material.

[0006] Optionally, the electrode preparation equipment further comprises a magnetic adsorption tank, which is located on a side of the printing device away from the printing area and is used to collect the magnetic adsorption material.

[0007] Optionally, the printing device includes: a printing table, a slurry supply system, a positioning device and a printing head, wherein the slurry supply system is connected to the printing head, and the printing head is used to set the electrode slurry on the battery cell to be printed; the positioning device is located on the printing table, and is used to fix the position of the battery cell to be printed, and the printing table can transport the battery cell to be printed, and the sintering area has a positive projection on the printing table.

[0008] Optionally, the printing head has a plurality of independent flow channels inside.

[0009] Optionally, the printing device further comprises a base, and the base is used to support the printing table.

[0010] Optionally, the slurry supply system and the printing head are located upstream of the sintering device.

[0011] Optionally, the printing platform has a hollow area, and a portion of the edge area of ​​the battery cell to be printed is located in the hollow area.

[0012] Optionally, the electrode preparation equipment further includes a magnetic field generating device and a magnetic adsorption trough, wherein the magnetic field generating device and the magnetic adsorption trough are located upstream of the sintering device, and the magnetic field generating device and the hollow area are located on the same side of the battery cell to be printed.

[0013] Optionally, the printing head is made of stainless steel or ceramic.

[0014] Through the technical solution of the present application, an electrode preparation device is provided, which includes a printing device and a sintering device, wherein the printing device prints the electrode slurry onto the battery cell to be printed to form a preliminary electrode pattern, and then transfers the battery to the sintering area of ​​the sintering device. The magnetic field module in the sintering area generates a magnetic field, which can guide the atomic crystal orientation in the electrode slurry, thereby changing the atomic diffusion path and crystallization direction in the slurry, so that the electrode slurry can be sintered more evenly during the sintering process, so that the sintered electrode has a more regular crystal structure, and the crystallinity and density of the formed electrode are enhanced. The regular crystal structure is conducive to the rapid conduction of ions in the electrode, thereby improving the battery efficiency. This solves the problem of poor crystallinity of the electrodes of solar cells prepared in the related art, which leads to poor battery performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of this application. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of this application are intended to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the accompanying drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of an electrode preparation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the relative positions of a magnetic field generating device and a battery in an electrode preparation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the relative positions of another magnetic field generating device and a battery in an electrode preparation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a printing head flow channel in an electrode preparation device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of another printing head flow channel in the electrode preparation equipment provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0022] 10. Printing device; 20. Battery cell; 30. Sintering device; 40. Magnetic field module; 50. Magnetic field generating device; 60. Magnetic adsorption tank; 70. Printing table; 71. Hollow area; 80. Slurry supply system; 90. Printing head; 91. Flow channel; 100. Base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of the present application described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] In related technologies, electrodes are prepared in the workshop using a screen printing process, where a scraper is used to squeeze the electrode material through the screen, causing it to adhere to the substrate to form a pattern. Traditional screen printing processes have certain limitations in terms of precision, uniformity, and controllability, making it difficult to meet the printing requirements of high-precision and complex patterns. Furthermore, the electrode slurry is directly sintered after printing to form the electrode, resulting in poor electrode crystallization and, in turn, poor battery performance.

[0027] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a device for preparing an electrode is provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a printing device 10, including a printing area, the printing device 10 is used to print the electrode paste on the battery cell 20 to be printed in the printing area; a sintering device 30, having a sintering area, the sintering area has the battery cell 20 to be printed with the electrode paste printed thereon, the sintering area has a magnetic field module 40, the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic field module 40 is used to control the atomic crystal orientation of the electrode paste, and the sintering device 30 is used to sinter the electrode paste on the battery cell 20 to be printed in the sintering area.

[0028] The above-mentioned electrode preparation equipment, the electrode preparation equipment includes a printing device and a sintering device, wherein the printing device prints the electrode slurry onto the battery cell to be printed to form a preliminary electrode pattern, and then transfers the battery to the sintering area of ​​the sintering device. The magnetic field module in the sintering area will generate a magnetic field, and the magnetic field can guide the atomic crystal orientation in the electrode slurry, so that the atomic crystal orientation in the slurry tends to be consistent, so that the electrode slurry can be sintered more evenly during the sintering process, and the sintered electrode has a more regular crystal structure. The regular crystal structure is conducive to the rapid conduction of ions in the electrode, thereby improving the conduction rate of the electrode ions; and the resistivity of the electrode with high crystallinity is small, which also makes the electronic conduction performance better; therefore, by adding a magnetic field module, the crystallinity of the electrode can be improved, thereby improving the conduction rate of ions and electrons in the battery, and increasing the output power of the battery and reducing the loss, thereby improving the battery performance.

[0029] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the electrode preparation equipment also includes a magnetic field generating device 50. The electrode slurry includes a magnetic adsorption material. The magnetic adsorption material is a material that can sense a magnetic field, generate a force with the magnetic field, and adsorb impurities in the slurry. The magnetic field generating device 50 is located within a preset range with a predetermined distance from the printing device 10. After the magnetic field generating device 50 generates a magnetic field, the magnetic adsorption material is magnetized by the magnetic field to generate a magnetic pole opposite to the direction of the magnetic field, thereby attracting the magnetic field source. After the magnetic adsorption material generates a magnetic pole, it adsorbs impurities in the electrode slurry to the surface. Then, through the attraction with the magnetic field source, it can be separated from the slurry, thereby separating the impurities from the electrode slurry. The magnetic field generating device 50 is used to adsorb the magnetic adsorption material to remove impurities in the electrode slurry, making the material in the final prepared electrode purer. Adding magnetic adsorption material to the electrode slurry can also increase the force of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device 50 on the electrode slurry, so that the electrode slurry is better guided, thereby further improving the crystallization performance of the electrode.

[0030] In the specific implementation process, the flow of the slurry can be more accurately controlled by adjusting the parameters such as the magnetic field strength, direction and gradient of the above-mentioned magnetic field generating device. On the one hand, the slurry can be fully and evenly formed into an electrode pattern, and the electrode pattern can be formed without the need for printing plate alignment, making the preparation process simpler and more efficient. On the other hand, by controlling so that almost all of the slurry can be used to form the electrode, the waste of the slurry can be reduced and the utilization rate of the slurry can be improved. For example, the magnetic field strength can be judged in combination with the fluidity and viscosity of the slurry and the additive content. For slurries containing more additives, high viscosity and poor fluidity, it is necessary to overcome the resistance of the slurry to move and form a metal pattern. The magnetic field strength needs to reach 1T to 2.5T to achieve precise printing.

[0031] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can reasonably select and adjust the parameters of the above-mentioned magnetic field generating device according to actual conditions, and this application does not make specific limitations.

[0032] In addition, the above-mentioned magnetic field generating device can be placed in any area within the preset range of the printing area. The above-mentioned magnetic field generating device can also be a magnet array integrated around the printing table, or a mobile magnetic field device. Those skilled in the art can reasonably choose the location and type of the above-mentioned magnetic field generating device according to actual conditions.

[0033] In the above optional embodiment, the magnetic field generating device can be composed of an electromagnet or a permanent magnet, which can generate a magnetic field with adjustable strength, direction and gradient. The electromagnet can be selected from an iron core material with high magnetic permeability and low hysteresis loss, such as silicon steel sheet. The permanent magnet can be selected from high-performance rare earth permanent magnet materials, such as neodymium iron boron. The required magnetic field direction and gradient can be obtained through reasonable arrangement of magnets. The magnetic field module can include a coil and an iron core. The coil can be made of highly conductive copper wire, and the number of turns and wire diameter are calculated and designed according to the required magnetic field strength and gradient. Equipped with a high-precision current controller to achieve precise adjustment of the magnetic field strength.

[0034] In order to perform electrode printing more efficiently and reliably, in some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the printing device includes a printing table 70, a slurry supply system 80, a positioning device, and a printing head 90. The slurry supply system 80 is connected to the printing head 90, and the printing head 90 is used to apply the electrode slurry to the battery cell 20 to be printed. The positioning device is located on the printing table 70 and is used to fix the position of the battery cell 20 to be printed. The printing table 70 can transport the battery cell 20 to be printed, and the sintering area has an orthographic projection on the printing table 70. The printing table 70 is a relatively long structure that extends from the printing device 10 to the sintering device 30. This allows the battery cell 20, after being printed with the electrode slurry, to be directly transported from the upstream printing area to the downstream sintering area in the direction of the arrow, without having to be transported to another work surface for sintering. This not only avoids vibration during transportation that may cause damage to the electrode pattern, but also ensures the stability of the electrode pattern and allows for efficient electrode printing. The above-mentioned positioning device can be a card slot of the battery cell 20, or a magnetic device. Printing the battery cell and subsequently removing impurities from the printed battery cell 20 requires that the battery cell 20 is located in a specific area. The positioning device can fix the battery cell 20 in a certain position so that impurities can be smoothly removed from the battery cell 20.

[0035] In order to make the cell more stable during the printing process, in some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the printing device further includes a base 100, which is used to support the printing table 70. The stable design of the base 100 is the key to achieving high-precision electrode printing. Part of the structure of the base 100 of the present application has the ability to deform slightly, such as paving a buffer layer in the area where the base 100 contacts the ground, or paving a buffer layer in the area where the base 100 contacts the printing table 70, which can effectively absorb vibrations on the production line, maintain the stability of the printing table 70, and ensure the accuracy of the electrode slurry during the printing process.

[0036] In the above optional implementation manner, if Figure 1 As shown, there are multiple bases 100 below the printing table 70. The base 100 can be a structure that is integrated with the printing table 70 or a detachable structure. The printing table 70 can include a conveying device, such as a conveyor belt, to transport the battery cell 20 from the printing area to the sintering area. The magnetic field module 40 can be located in the printing table 70, or outside the printing table 70 (in contact with the printing table 70 in the sintering area), so that the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic field module 40 can better act on the battery cell 20. The slurry supply system 80 is fixed to the base 100. The other end of the slurry supply system 80 is connected to the printing head 90. The flow rate of the electrode slurry can be controlled by adjusting the speed and pressure of the slurry supplied by the printing head 90. The electrode slurry is then printed onto the battery cell 20 in combination with the magnetic field of the magnetic field generating device 50.

[0037] In order to remove impurities from the battery cell more efficiently and reliably, in some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the printing table 70 has a hollow area 71, and part of the edge area of ​​the battery cell 20 to be printed is located in the hollow area 71. The width of the hollow area 71 is very small, which can be 1 / 5 to 1 / 4 of the width of the battery cell 20. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when placing the battery cell 20, one side of the battery cell 20 should be slightly extended out of the hollow area 71, so that in the subsequent process of removing impurities from the electrode slurry, impurities can fall onto the printing table 70 through the hollow area 71, which not only makes the table surface of the printing table 70 cleaner and reduces the contamination of the battery cell 20, but also allows the impurities dropped into the collection tank to be recycled; and by reducing the direct contact between the printing table 70 and the edge of the battery cell 20, edge damage can be effectively avoided, thereby improving the product qualification rate and production efficiency.

[0038] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the electrode preparation equipment further includes a magnetic adsorption tank 60, which is located on the side of the printing device 10 away from the printing area and is used to collect the magnetic adsorption material. The magnetic adsorption material is a magnetic adsorbent added to the electrode slurry, which can adsorb impurities in the electrode slurry. Before the final sintering of the electrode, the magnetic adsorption material adsorbed with impurities is removed from the battery cell 20, thereby improving the quality of the electrode. The magnetic adsorption tank collects the magnetic adsorption material in the electrode slurry, and this part of the material can be put into use again, reducing the consumption of raw materials, reducing the production cost of the battery, and reducing waste emissions.

[0039] In the above optional embodiment, the magnetic adsorption tank can be a device for generating a magnetic field (having a structure such as a permanent magnet, an electromagnetic coil, an iron core, a magnetic pole piece, a power supply and a control circuit); the magnetic adsorption tank can also be magnetized by the magnetic field of the magnetic field generating device, so that the magnetic adsorption tank and the magnetic adsorption material generate opposite magnetic poles, and the magnetic adsorption material can be adsorbed and recovered. After printing, by adjusting the performance parameters of the above magnetic field generating device (magnetic field strength, magnetic field direction, etc.), not only can the magnetic adsorption material in the electrode slurry be adsorbed so that the magnetic adsorption material moves along the electrode pattern to the edge of the battery cell, but the above magnetic adsorption tank can also adsorb the magnetic adsorption material near the edge of the battery cell. Under the joint action of the above magnetic field generating device and the magnetic adsorption tank, the magnetic adsorption material is adsorbed from the edge of the battery cell into the magnetic adsorption tank to complete the removal of electrode impurities and magnetic impurities at the electrode interface, so that the electrode slurry is purer and the prepared electrode has better quality.

[0040] It should be noted that the adsorption force of the magnetic adsorption material by the magnetic field is smaller than the adsorption force of the electrode metal material in the electrode slurry by the magnetic field, so that the magnetic adsorption material can be attracted without affecting other electrode metal materials.

[0041] In addition, in addition to other areas with electrode slurry, the cell may also have metal impurities. If the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device has a greater attraction to the metal impurities than the magnetic adsorption material, the metal impurities can be adsorbed to the surface of the magnetic field generating device for removal. Conversely, the metal impurities will be adsorbed to the surface of the magnetic adsorption material and will leave the cell with the magnetic adsorption material, making the cell surface cleaner. After the impurities are removed, there is no interference from other metals in the area other than the electrodes on the cell, which can reduce the charge recombination centers at the cell interface and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the print head has multiple independent flow channels 91. With multiple independent electrode slurry flow channels 91 in the print head, when the slurry supply system has a relatively low and slow supply speed and the print head's discharge speed is controlled, the electrode slurry flows out from the multiple flow channels to form multiple thin lines, making it easier to control the flow direction of the electrode slurry.

[0043] In the above optional implementation manner, if Figure 4 As shown, the flow channel 91 of the above-mentioned printing head can have a row; Figure 5As shown, the flow channels 91 of the above-mentioned printing head can have two rows, such as, each flow channel 91 in the first row of flow channels 91 is located between two adjacent flow channels 91 in the second row of flow channels 91, and each flow channel 91 in the first row of flow channels 91 will overlap with two adjacent flow channels 91 in the second row of flow channels 91, presenting a structure similar to a triangle. More flow channels 91 can be set on the same size printing head to print more dense electrodes. The multi-channel printing head design greatly improves the flexibility and efficiency of the battery cell production line. In actual production, different types of battery cells may require electrode slurries with different compositions or properties. Traditional single-channel printing heads need to be frequently replaced and cleaned, consuming a lot of time and resources. The multi-channel printing head of the present application can meet the printing needs of multiple electrode slurries at the same time, reducing downtime, and improving production speed and cost-effectiveness.

[0044] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the slurry supply system 80 and the printing head 90 are located upstream of the sintering device 30. The sintering device 30 is placed downstream of the printing device 10, and the conveyor on the printing table 70 is driven along the direction from the printing device 10 to the sintering device 30. This allows new cells 20 to be printed while already printed cells 20 are being conveyed to the sintering area of ​​the sintering device 30, making the entire electrode preparation process more efficient.

[0045] In the above optional embodiment, the print head can be made of stainless steel or ceramic. These materials are resistant to corrosion and high temperatures during the electrode slurry printing process, ensuring the long-term stability and durability of the print head, reducing maintenance and replacement frequency, and lowering production costs.

[0046] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the electrode preparation equipment further includes a magnetic field generating device 50 and a magnetic adsorption tank 60. The magnetic field generating device 50 and the magnetic adsorption tank 60 are located upstream of the sintering device 30, and the magnetic field generating device 50 and the hollow area 71 are located on the same side of the battery cell 20 to be printed, which can make it easier to remove the magnetic adsorption material. The adsorption force of the magnetic field generating device 50 on the magnetic adsorption material can better flow the magnetic adsorption material along the electrode pattern to the edge of the battery cell 20 near the magnetic field generating device 50, so that the hollow area 71 on the side of the battery cell 20 near the magnetic field generating device 50 will adsorb the magnetic adsorption material gathered at the edge of the battery cell 20, and the magnetic adsorption material will fall into the magnetic adsorption tank 60 through the hollow area 71.

[0047] Electrode preparation equipment Figure 1The battery is transported in the direction of the arrow in the figure. The arrow points from upstream to downstream. Since the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating device attracts the magnetic adsorption material, the magnetic adsorption material flows along the electrode pattern toward the magnetic field generating device and finally separates from the battery from the hollow area. Therefore, the magnetic field generating device and the hollow area are both located on the same side of the battery. For example, refer to Figure 2 , the magnetic field generating device 50 and the hollow area 71 can both be located upstream of the battery cell 20, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The magnetic field generating device 50 and the hollow area 71 can both be located below the battery cell 20. A magnetic adsorption trough is located below the printing table 70 to collect magnetic adsorption material. There can be multiple magnetic adsorption troughs, each corresponding to the hollow areas 71, or there can be only one magnetic adsorption trough to collect magnetic adsorption material that falls from all the hollow areas 71.

[0048] The magnetic field generating device comprises a permanent magnet, an electromagnetic coil, an iron core, a pole piece, a power supply, and a control circuit. The main components are a permanent magnet and an electromagnetic coil. When current passes through the coil, a magnetic field is generated around it. Current flowing through the electromagnetic coil generates a magnetic field. According to the Biot-Savart-Laplace law, the magnetic field strength, B, is proportional to the current, I (B = \mu_0nI, where \mu_0 is the vacuum permeability and n is the number of turns in the coil). By varying the current passing through the coil (variable resistors can be used in series and parallel to adjust the current), the magnetic field strength is linearly adjusted, achieving continuous adjustment within a range of 0.5T to 2.5T to assist in slurry printing and electrode impurity removal. If impurity adsorption is found to be ineffective, the current can be gradually increased to strengthen the magnetic field strength, allowing the magnetic adsorption material to better adsorb magnetic impurities in the slurry.

[0049] The method for preparing an electrode using an electrode preparation device includes:

[0050] Printing steps:

[0051] S1: Place the cell to be printed on the printing table and use the positioning device to ensure its accurate position.

[0052] S2: Start the magnetic field generating device to generate a specific magnetic field according to the preset magnetic field parameters.

[0053] S3: Start the slurry supply system to deliver the slurry to the printing head.

[0054] S4: Control the printing head to extrude the slurry at a certain speed and pressure, and deposit it on the substrate surface through the pores of the screen or template to form a metallized pattern, or control the discharge speed of the printing head to be in a very low state, directly place the electrode slurry on the surface of the battery cell, and guide the slurry for printing through the magnetic field.

[0055] S5: During the printing process, the slurry flow and printing effect are monitored in real time. The magnetic field strength, direction and gradient, as well as the printing speed, pressure and slurry supply are adjusted through parameter optimization and control to achieve precise printing.

[0056] The specific steps of magnetic field purification of electrode slurry and battery cell surface are as follows:

[0057] S6: Design a magnetic field generating device: Based on the determined magnetic field parameters, design a magnetic field generating device. The device can be a permanent magnet or an electromagnet that can generate a stable magnetic field at the electrode interface.

[0058] More specifically, during the slurry printing process, the magnetic field strength is determined by the slurry's fluidity, viscosity, and additive content. For example, for slurries with high additive content, high viscosity, and poor fluidity, a magnetic field strength of 1T to 2.5T is required to achieve precise printing, as the metal pattern must be formed by overcoming the resistance of the slurry.

[0059] S7: Impurity Adsorption and Removal: During the solar cell manufacturing process, after the slurry is applied to the cell, a magnetic field generator is activated. The magnetic field causes magnetic impurities in the slurry to gather at the cell edges, where they are then attracted to the magnetic adsorption grooves.

[0060] More specifically, during the electrode impurity removal process, it is necessary to consider the impurity content attached during the battery cell transmission process and the magnetic strength of the impurities in the slurry to determine the magnetic field strength. For example, for slurries containing a large amount of ferromagnetic impurities (such as iron filings), the impurities are highly magnetic, so a relatively weak magnetic field can be set. Because these impurities can be effectively adsorbed under a weaker magnetic field, the magnetic field strength can be set at 0.5T to 1T; for slurries with higher impurity content and fewer ferromagnetic impurities, the impurities are relatively weak in magnetism, and the magnetic field strength needs to be increased. It can be started from about 0.5T and gradually increased to determine the actual impurity removal effect. In the end, a magnetic field strength of 1.5T or higher may be required to ensure that most impurities are adsorbed.

[0061] The specific steps of magnetic field controlled sintering are as follows:

[0062] S8: Determine the effect of magnetic field on sintering: Study the influence of different magnetic field parameters (such as magnetic field strength, direction, frequency, etc.) on the sintering process of electrode materials, including atomic diffusion path, crystallization direction, sintering time, etc.

[0063] S9: Design of sintering device: Based on the research results, design a magnetic field module that can generate a specific magnetic field in the sintering device. Integrate the magnetic field module with the sintering device to ensure the stability and uniformity of the magnetic field during the sintering process.

[0064] S10: Magnetic field controlled sintering process: During the sintering process, the magnetic field module is turned on and the sintering of the electrode material is controlled by adjusting the magnetic field parameters. For example, the magnetic field intensity can be changed to accelerate atomic diffusion and shorten the sintering time; the direction of the magnetic field can be adjusted to control the crystallization direction and improve the crystal quality.

[0065] The electrode preparation equipment of the present application can be used to prepare full back electrode contact cells with busbar-free technology (0BB, Zero Busbar) or multi-busbar technology (MBB, MULTI-BUSBAR), full back electrode contact cells (IBC, Interdigitated Back Contact), full back contact cell solar cells (ABC, All Back Contact), composite passivated back contact cells (HPBC, Hybrid Passivated Back Contact), emitter back passivated cells (PERC, Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell), tunneling oxide passivated contact cells (TOPcon, Tnuuel Oxide Passivated contact), TOPcon-IBC cells, crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells (HJT, Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin-layer), perovskite stacked cells, flexible cells and other photovoltaic cells. Electrodes.

[0066] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

[0067] 1) The electrode preparation equipment proposed in this application, the electrode preparation equipment includes a printing device and a sintering device, wherein the printing device prints the electrode slurry onto the battery cell to be printed to form a preliminary electrode pattern, and then transfers the battery to the sintering area of ​​the sintering device. The magnetic field module in the sintering area will generate a magnetic field, which can guide the atomic crystal orientation in the electrode slurry, so that the crystallization direction in the slurry tends to be consistent, so that the electrode slurry can be sintered more evenly during the sintering process, and the sintered electrode has a more regular crystal structure. The regular crystal structure is conducive to the rapid conduction of ions in the electrode, thereby improving the conduction rate of the electrode ions; and the resistivity of the electrode with high crystallinity is small, which also makes the electronic conduction performance better; therefore, improving the crystallinity of the electrode can increase the conduction rate of ions and electrons in the battery, increase the output power of the battery and reduce the loss, thereby improving the battery performance.

[0068] 2) The magnetic field generating device in the electrode preparation equipment proposed in this application is used to guide the above-mentioned electrode slurry to flow on the battery cell, and by adjusting the parameters such as the magnetic field strength of the above-mentioned magnetic field generating device, the slurry flow can be precisely controlled to ensure that every drop of slurry can be utilized, so that the slurry can fully and evenly form an electrode pattern, thereby improving the utilization rate of the slurry and reducing waste; and there is no need to pre-prepare the electrode pattern on the battery cell, which can improve the production efficiency of the electrode.

[0069] 3) After printing, the electrode preparation equipment proposed in the present application can only adsorb the magnetic adsorption material in the electrode slurry by adjusting the performance parameters of the above-mentioned magnetic field generating device, so that the magnetic adsorption material moves along the electrode pattern to the edge of the battery cell. A part of the edge of the battery cell will protrude from the above-mentioned hollow area. At the same time, the above-mentioned magnetic adsorption groove adsorbs the magnetic adsorption material near the edge of the battery cell. Under the joint action of the above-mentioned magnetic field generating device and the magnetic adsorption groove, the magnetic adsorption material is adsorbed from the edge of the battery cell to the magnetic adsorption groove to complete the removal of electrode impurities and magnetic impurities at the electrode interface, so that the electrode slurry is purer and the prepared electrode has better quality; and under the action of the above-mentioned magnetic field generating device, the metal impurities on the surface of the battery cell can be adsorbed onto the surface of the magnetic field generating device for removal, so that the surface of the battery cell is cleaner, the charge recombination center at the interface can be reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved.

[0070] It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a..." does not preclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0071] The above are merely embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should all be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An electrode preparation device, characterized in that: include: A printing device, comprising a printing area, wherein the printing device is used to print electrode paste on a cell to be printed in the printing area; A sintering device comprises a sintering area, wherein the sintering area has the battery cell to be printed with the electrode paste placed thereon, the sintering area comprises a magnetic field module, the magnetic field emitted by the magnetic field module is used to control the atomic crystal orientation of the electrode paste, and the sintering device is used to sinter the electrode paste on the battery cell to be printed in the sintering area.

2. The electrode preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode preparation equipment further includes a magnetic field generating device, the electrode slurry includes a magnetic adsorption material, the magnetic field generating device is located within a preset range with a predetermined distance from the printing device, and the magnetic field generating device is used to adsorb the magnetic adsorption material.

3. The electrode preparation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrode preparation equipment further comprises a magnetic adsorption tank, which is located on a side of the printing device away from the printing area and is used to collect the magnetic adsorption material.

4. The electrode preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing device includes: a printing table, a slurry supply system, a positioning device and a printing head, wherein: The slurry supply system is connected to the printing head, and the printing head is used to place the electrode slurry on the battery cell to be printed; The positioning device is located on the printing table and is used to fix the position of the battery cell to be printed. The printing table can transport the battery cell to be printed, and the sintering area has an orthographic projection on the printing table.

5. The electrode preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The printing head has a plurality of independent flow channels inside.

6. The electrode preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The printing device further includes a base, which is used to support the printing table.

7. The electrode preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slurry supply system and the printing head are located upstream of the sintering device.

8. The electrode preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The printing platform has a hollow area, and a portion of the edge area of ​​the battery cell to be printed is located in the hollow area.

9. The electrode preparation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The electrode preparation equipment further includes a magnetic field generating device and a magnetic adsorption tank, wherein the magnetic field generating device and the magnetic adsorption tank are located upstream of the sintering device, and the magnetic field generating device and the hollow area are located on the same side of the battery cell to be printed.

10. The electrode preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The printing head is made of stainless steel or ceramic.

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