Tower falling prevention device of wind turbine generator set for defending extreme wind conditions

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tower falling prevention device for a wind turbine generator set capable of defending extreme wind conditions, which is arranged at the root of a blade of the wind turbine generator set and comprises a trigger switch, a lead and a reaction tube, the trigger switch comprises a switch shell, a spring, a drop hammer, a drop hammer switch and a piezoelectric plate, the spring, the drop hammer, the drop hammer switch and the piezoelectric plate are arranged in the switch shell, one end of the spring abuts against the switch shell, the other end of the spring is connected with the drop hammer, the drop hammer switch is arranged between the drop hammer and the piezoelectric plate, one end of the wire is connected with the piezoelectric plate, and the other end of the wire is connected with the piezoelectric plate. The other end of the blade is connected with the reaction tube, the reaction tube is annularly sealed at the blade root of the blade, and a reactant capable of generating high heat is arranged in the reaction tube. According to the utility model, the tower collapse of the wind turbine generator is avoided under meteorological conditions (super typhoon) such as extreme wind conditions exceeding a design limit value, so that the economic loss of the wind turbine generator is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a wind turbine tower-collapse prevention device for preventing extreme wind conditions. Background Art

[0002] A wind turbine is a device that uses wind energy to drive the blades to rotate and converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through a generator. The structure of a wind turbine is generally composed of blades, a wind rotor, a tower, a nacelle, a yaw system, a pitch system, a generator, a transmission, etc. The operation of a wind turbine needs to withstand complex aerodynamic loads, gravity loads, centrifugal forces, inertial forces, etc., so there are very high requirements for its safety and reliability.

[0003] In recent years, the wind power industry has experienced numerous serious incidents of wind turbine tower collapses, resulting in significant economic losses and safety hazards. Wind turbine collapses primarily occur due to two factors: first, a malfunction or failure of the turbine's yaw or pitch system, preventing the rotor and blades from adjusting their direction and angle in a timely manner, causing the turbine to overspeed and collapse during operation; second, extreme weather conditions, such as winds exceeding design limits (such as super typhoons), subject the turbine to unusually high aerodynamic loads or sudden changes in wind direction, leading to collapse. The former can be addressed by strengthening inspection and maintenance of the yaw and pitch systems to ensure their proper functioning. However, there are currently no effective preventative measures for the latter, and if it occurs, it is likely to result in the entire turbine being scrapped, often leading to significant economic losses. Taking the 2020 cost structure of a doubly-fed wind turbine as an example, blades accounted for 23.58% of the total cost, while the remaining components of the turbine accounted for 76.42%. If a wind turbine collapses under extreme wind conditions, the entire turbine must be replaced, resulting in significant economic losses.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to effectively avoid the collapse of wind turbine towers in the face of extreme wind conditions exceeding the design limit (such as super typhoons) and to maximize the recoverability of wind turbine structures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine tower prevention device that can defend against extreme wind conditions. It is designed to prevent the tower of the wind turbine from collapsing when facing extreme wind conditions (super typhoons) that exceed the design limit, thereby greatly reducing the economic losses of the wind turbine.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a wind turbine tower prevention device for defending against extreme wind conditions, the tower prevention device is arranged at the root of the blade of the wind turbine, the tower prevention device includes a trigger switch, a wire, and a reaction tube, the trigger switch includes a switch housing and a spring, a drop hammer, a drop hammer switch and a piezoelectric piece arranged in the switch housing, the spring is arranged at one end of the switch housing, and the piezoelectric piece is arranged at the other end of the switch housing, one end of the spring is against the switch housing, and the other end of the spring is connected to the drop hammer, the drop hammer switch is arranged between the drop hammer and the piezoelectric piece, and the spring remains in a compressed state when the drop hammer switch remains in a closed state, and when the drop hammer switch is in an open state, the spring releases the compressed elastic potential energy to drive the drop hammer to hit the piezoelectric piece, one end of the wire is connected to the piezoelectric piece, and the other end is connected to the reaction tube, the reaction tube is sealed at the root of the blade, and a reactant that can generate high heat is arranged in the reaction tube.

[0007] As a preferred solution, the wind turbine adopts a horizontal axis three-blade wind turbine, including a tower, a nacelle, a hub, and an impeller. The nacelle is arranged on the tower, the hub is arranged on the nacelle, and the impeller is arranged on the hub. The impeller includes a first blade, a second blade, and a third blade. The roots of the first blade, the second blade, and the third blade are all provided with an anti-tower collapse device.

[0008] As a preferred solution, an anemometer is provided on the nacelle, and the anemometer is used to monitor the wind speed of the wind environment in which the wind turbine is currently located and trigger the trigger switch.

[0009] As a preferred solution, when the wind turbine encounters extreme wind conditions, the first blade, the second blade, and the third blade are all set to be 90° perpendicular to the rotation plane, and the first blade is coplanar with the tower, and the anti-tower collapse device on the second blade and the third blade triggers active fracture.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the reactants in the reaction tube include an igniter and a fuel, wherein the igniter is potassium chlorate and sucrose, and the fuel is aluminum powder and copper oxide.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the reaction tube is a ring-shaped plastic tube.

[0012] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention prevents the tower of a wind turbine from collapsing when facing extreme wind conditions (super typhoons) exceeding the design limit, thereby greatly reducing the economic losses of the wind turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the tower collapse prevention device in the utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the trigger switch in the utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tower collapse prevention device of the present invention installed on the blade;

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the propeller stop position of the wind turbine generator set of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a wind turbine after active blade breaking in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the blade fracture position in the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the wind speed and direction instrument in the utility model;

[0020] Figure 8 It is a flowchart of the use steps of the utility model;

[0021] List of figures: blade 1, blade root 2, trigger switch 3, wire 4, reaction tube 5, switch housing 6, spring 7, drop hammer 8, drop hammer switch 9, piezoelectric piece 10, tower 11, nacelle 12, hub 13, impeller 14, first blade 15, second blade 16, third blade 17, anemometer 18. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example:

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a wind turbine tower collapse prevention device for defending against extreme wind conditions is arranged at the blade root 2 of the wind turbine blade 1, the tower collapse prevention device includes a trigger switch 3, a wire 4, and a reaction tube 5. The trigger switch 3 includes a switch housing 6 and a spring 7, a drop hammer 8, a drop hammer switch 9 and a piezoelectric piece 10 arranged in the switch housing 6. The spring 7 is arranged at one end of the switch housing 6, and the piezoelectric piece 10 is arranged at the other end of the switch housing 6. One end of the spring 7 is against the switch housing 6, and the other end of the spring 7 is connected to the drop hammer 8. The drop hammer switch 9 is arranged between the drop hammer 8 and the piezoelectric piece 10, and when the drop hammer switch 9 remains in the closed state, the spring 7 remains in a compressed state. When the drop hammer switch 9 is in the open state, the spring 7 releases the compressed elastic potential energy to drive the drop hammer 8 to hit the piezoelectric piece 10. One end of the wire 4 is connected to the piezoelectric piece 10, and the other end is connected to the reaction tube 5. The reaction tube 5 is sealed at the blade root 2 of the blade 1, and a reactant that can generate high heat is arranged in the reaction tube 5.

[0025] Specifically, the present invention utilizes the piezoelectric effect to break the blade 1. When triggered, the blade 1 can break from the blade root 2 to achieve the effect of load reduction under extreme wind conditions and avoid the collapse of the entire wind turbine tower.

[0026] Preferably, Figures 4-6 As shown, the wind turbine generator set adopts a horizontal axis three-blade wind turbine generator set, including a tower 11, a nacelle 12, a hub 13, and an impeller 14. The nacelle 12 is arranged on the tower 11, the hub 13 is arranged on the nacelle 12, and the impeller 14 is arranged on the hub 13. The impeller 14 includes a first blade 15, a second blade 16, and a third blade 17. The blade roots 2 of the first blade 15, the second blade 16, and the third blade 17 are all provided with an anti-tower collapse device.

[0027] More preferably, the nacelle 12 is provided with an anemometer 18 , and the anemometer 18 is used to monitor the wind speed of the wind environment in which the wind turbine is currently located and trigger the trigger switch 3 .

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, the anemometer 18 is provided on the nacelle 12 , and is used to monitor the wind direction and wind speed of the current wind turbine generator set, and to adjust the yaw system and pitch system of the wind turbine generator set.

[0029] More preferably, when the wind turbine encounters extreme wind conditions, the first blade 15, the second blade 16, and the third blade 17 are all arranged at 90° perpendicular to the rotation plane, and the first blade 15 is coplanar with the tower 11, and the anti-tower collapse device on the second blade 16 and the third blade 17 triggers active fracture.

[0030] Preferably, the reactants in the reaction tube 5 include an igniter and a fuel, the igniter is potassium chlorate and sucrose, and the fuel is aluminum powder and copper oxide.

[0031] Preferably, the reaction tube 5 is a ring-shaped plastic tube.

[0032] Specifically, the combustion of the igniter causes the aluminum powder and the copper oxide to undergo a thermite reaction, generating a high temperature of more than 3000° C., thereby causing the second blade 16 and the third blade 17 to actively break at the reaction site.

[0033] In this embodiment, the anti-tower collapse device is attached to the root 2 of each blade 1 of the wind turbine. When the wind speed does not reach extreme wind conditions, the drop hammer switch 9 in the trigger switch 3 remains in a closed state, so that the spring 7 remains in a compressed state; when the wind speed measured by the anemometer 18 reaches the limit wind speed of the wind turbine, the control system of the wind turbine will send an opening command to the drop hammer switch 9, and the spring 7 will release the compressed elastic potential energy to drive the drop hammer 8 to hit the piezoelectric piece 10. The piezoelectric piece 10 will produce a piezoelectric effect when subjected to external force, and generate electric sparks through the wire 4. The ignition ring is placed at the root 2 of the blade 1 to ignite the ignition agent in the reactant in the reaction tube 5. The combustion of the ignition agent causes the fuel aluminum powder and copper oxide to undergo an aluminothermic reaction to generate higher heat to cause the blade 1 to break.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the utility model comprises the following steps when in use:

[0035] (1) The wind direction and wind speed of the wind turbine are measured by the anemometer 18. When the wind speed is greater than the wind turbine cut-out speed, the wind turbine is shut down and the propellers are feathered.

[0036] (2) Adjust the impeller 14 to its stop position clockwise, so that the first blade 15, the second blade 16, and the third blade 17 are all at 90° perpendicular to the rotation plane, and the first blade 15 is coplanar with the tower 11;

[0037] (3) When the wind speed reaches the maximum wind speed designed for the wind turbine, except for the first blade 15 coplanar with the tower 11, the second blade 16 and the third blade 17 of the anti-tower collapse device activate the trigger switch 3 under the action of the wind turbine control system, the drop hammer switch 9 is turned on, and the drop hammer 8 hits the piezoelectric sheet 10 under the action of the spring 7 to generate a piezoelectric effect;

[0038] (4) The electric spark generated by the piezoelectric effect ignites the igniter, and the combustion of the igniter causes the aluminum powder and copper oxide to undergo a thermite reaction, generating a high temperature of more than 3000°C, causing the second blade 16 and the third blade 17 to actively break at the reaction point.

[0039] In summary, the tower collapse prevention device of the present invention is installed near the blade root 2 of each blade 1 of the wind turbine. Before the extreme wind condition comes, the wind turbine is shut down and the impeller 14 rotates clockwise until one of the blades 1 is coplanar with the tower 11. When the extreme wind condition comes, the two blades 1 of the impeller 14 that are not coplanar with the tower 11 are actively broken, which can reduce the front and lateral wind loads on the impeller 14 in extreme wind conditions, and avoid the wind turbine from being overturned when encountering abnormally large aerodynamic loads or wind direction. The tower collapses in the event of a sudden change. In actual application, taking the 2020 doubly fed wind turbine as an example, the cost of blade 1 accounts for 23.58% of the total cost, and the remaining components account for 76.42%. If the wind turbine tower collapses, the entire unit accessories will be destroyed, causing huge economic losses. However, the utility model can achieve the loss of only two blades 1, which account for about 15% of the cost, under extreme wind conditions, ensuring that the wind turbine tower does not collapse, ensuring the safety of the wind turbine body, and greatly reducing the economic losses of the wind turbine in the face of extreme wind conditions.

[0040] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine tower-collapse prevention device for protecting against extreme wind conditions, characterized by: The anti-tower collapse device is arranged at the root of the blade of the wind turbine generator set, and the anti-tower collapse device includes a trigger switch, a wire, and a reaction tube. The trigger switch includes a switch housing and a spring, a drop hammer, a drop hammer switch and a piezoelectric piece arranged in the switch housing. The spring is arranged at one end of the switch housing, and the piezoelectric piece is arranged at the other end of the switch housing. One end of the spring is against the switch housing, and the other end of the spring is connected to the drop hammer. The drop hammer switch is arranged between the drop hammer and the piezoelectric piece, and the spring remains in a compressed state when the drop hammer switch remains in a closed state. When the drop hammer switch is in an open state, the spring releases the compressed elastic potential energy to drive the drop hammer to hit the piezoelectric piece. One end of the wire is connected to the piezoelectric piece, and the other end is connected to the reaction tube. The reaction tube is sealed at the root of the blade, and a reactant that can generate high heat is arranged in the reaction tube.

2. The wind turbine tower-collapse prevention device for protecting against extreme wind conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind turbine generator set adopts a horizontal axis three-blade wind turbine generator set, including a tower, a nacelle, a hub, and an impeller. The nacelle is arranged on the tower, the hub is arranged on the nacelle, and the impeller is arranged on the hub. The impeller includes a first blade, a second blade, and a third blade. The roots of the first blade, the second blade, and the third blade are all provided with an anti-tower collapse device.

3. The wind turbine tower-collapse prevention device for protecting against extreme wind conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nacelle is provided with an anemometer and anemometer, which is used to monitor the wind speed of the wind environment in which the wind turbine is currently located and trigger the trigger switch.

4. The wind turbine tower-collapse prevention device for protecting against extreme wind conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the wind turbine encounters extreme wind conditions, the first blade, second blade, and third blade are all set at 90° perpendicular to the rotation plane, and the first blade is coplanar with the tower, and the anti-tower collapse device on the second blade and the third blade triggers active fracture.

5. The wind turbine tower-collapse prevention device for protecting against extreme wind conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactants in the reaction tube include an igniter and a fuel, wherein the igniter is potassium chlorate and sucrose, and the fuel is aluminum powder and copper oxide.

6. The wind turbine tower-collapse prevention device for protecting against extreme wind conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction tube is a ring-shaped plastic tube.

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