Lens and vehicle-mounted camera

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lens and a vehicle-mounted camera, and relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted cameras, the lens comprises a fixed diaphragm, a lens group and an optical filter, the lens group comprises a plurality of lenses, the plurality of lenses are arranged on the fixed diaphragm and are sequentially arranged from an object direction to an image direction, and the optical filter is arranged on the fixed diaphragm. The optical filter is arranged at one end, close to the image space, of the fixed diaphragm; the optical filter comprises a first plane and a second plane which are arranged from the object direction to the image space, and at least part of the second plane is obliquely arranged downwards; in the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the optical filter is designed to be wedge-shaped, namely, the optical filter is thick at the upper part and thin at the lower part along the vertical direction, ground sceneries, namely near sceneries, can be imaged on the image sensor through the upper part of the optical filter, and the thickness of the upper part of the optical filter is increased, so that the optical path is increased; in this way, it can be ensured that far sceneries and near sceneries are clearly imaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted cameras, in particular to a lens and a vehicle-mounted camera. Background Art

[0002] In-vehicle cameras are crucial sensing devices in cars, often called the "eyes of the car." They primarily capture image information through lenses and image sensors. The lens is the core optical component of an in-vehicle camera, responsible for focusing light and projecting objects in its field of view onto the imaging medium, thereby generating an optical image.

[0003] Typically, 70% of a camera's optical parameters are determined by the lens. Lenses are typically composed of multiple optical elements, primarily made of plastic (P) and glass (G). Currently, automotive lenses primarily use glass-plastic hybrid lenses and glass lenses. Surround-view and in-cabin cameras primarily utilize glass-plastic hybrid lenses, while front-view, side-view, and CMS cameras primarily use all-glass lenses. These lenses must not only meet basic optical performance requirements but also possess automotive-grade features such as waterproofing, anti-magnetic properties, high dynamic range, and low noise.

[0004] In related technologies, when focusing on nearby objects to make them clear, the imaging quality of distant objects will become blurred. When focusing beyond the focal distance and at infinity, the imaging quality of nearby ground objects will be reduced and blurred, making it difficult to achieve clarity in both nearby and distant objects at the same time. Utility Model Content

[0005] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a lens and a vehicle-mounted camera, aiming to provide a lens that can simultaneously clearly image both nearby scenes and distant scenes.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the lens proposed in the present invention includes a fixed aperture, a lens group, and a filter. The lens group includes a plurality of lenses, and the plurality of lenses are arranged in sequence from the object direction to the image side of the fixed aperture. The filter is arranged at one end of the fixed aperture close to the image side.

[0007] The filter includes a first plane and a second plane arranged from the object side to the image side, and at least a portion of the second plane is arranged to be tilted downward.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first plane is perpendicular to the central axis of the lens group, and the second plane is arranged at an angle to at least a portion of the first plane.

[0009] In one embodiment, the second plane includes a straight surface segment and an inclined surface segment connected to each other, the straight surface segment is arranged parallel to the first plane, and the inclined surface segment is arranged at an angle to the straight surface segment.

[0010] In one embodiment, the second plane includes an inclined surface segment and a straight surface segment connected in sequence from top to bottom along the vertical direction, the straight surface segment is arranged parallel to the first plane, and the inclined surface segment and the straight surface segment are arranged at an angle.

[0011] In one embodiment, the second plane includes two straight surface segments and an inclined surface segment, two ends of the inclined surface segment are respectively connected to the two straight surface segments, and the two straight surface segments are arranged in parallel.

[0012] In one embodiment, the filter is a conical filter, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical filter gradually decreases from top to bottom along the vertical direction.

[0013] In one embodiment, the plurality of lenses include a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens arranged in sequence from the object direction to the image direction, and the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, and the fifth lens are all arranged on the fixed aperture.

[0014] In one embodiment, the lens is made of glass and / or plastic.

[0015] In one embodiment, the plurality of lenses include a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side, the first lens and the second lens are arranged at one end of the fixed aperture close to the object side, and the second lens is arranged at one end of the fixed aperture close to the image side.

[0016] The utility model also provides a vehicle-mounted camera, comprising the lens as described above.

[0017] The technical solution of the present utility model provides a lens and an on-vehicle camera, wherein the lens includes a fixed aperture, a lens group, and a filter. The lens group includes a plurality of lenses, which are arranged in sequence on the fixed aperture from the object direction to the image side. The filter is arranged at one end of the fixed aperture near the image side. The filter includes a first plane and a second plane arranged on the object direction to the image side, at least a portion of the second plane being tilted downward. By designing the filter into a wedge shape, that is, being thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom in the vertical direction, the ground scene, that is, the nearby scene, will be imaged on the image sensor through the upper portion of the filter. By increasing the thickness of the upper portion of the filter, due to the different propagation speeds of light in different media, when light passes through glass (or other transparent media), the speed of light propagation in the glass is slowed down because the refractive index of glass is greater than that of air, resulting in an increase in the optical path (that is, the product of the distance light propagates in the medium and the refractive index of the medium). In this way, clear images of both distant and nearby scenes can be ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a lens provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the lens provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a filter on a middle lens;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a filter on a middle lens;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a filter on a middle lens;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of a filter on a middle lens;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of a filter on a center lens.

[0026] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0027] 100. Lens; 1. Fixed aperture; 2. Lens group; 21. First lens; 22. Second lens; 23. Third lens; 24. Fourth lens; 25. Fifth lens; 3. Filter; 31. First plane; 32. Second plane; 321. Inclined surface segment; 322. Straight surface segment; 200. Image sensor; 300. Object side; 400. Image side.

[0028] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0031] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited to "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the full text, its meaning includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme in which A and B are satisfied at the same time. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in this field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0032] The utility model proposes a lens, which aims to provide a lens that can simultaneously capture clear images of both nearby and distant scenes. Figures 1 to 7 The figure is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the lens provided by the present invention.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 The present invention provides a lens 100, including a fixed aperture 1, a lens group 2 and a filter 3. The lens group 2 includes a plurality of lenses, which are arranged on the fixed aperture 1 and arranged in sequence from the object side 300 to the image side 400. The filter 3 is arranged at one end of the fixed aperture 1 close to the image side 400. The filter 3 includes a first plane 31 and a second plane 32 arranged from the object side 300 to the image side 400, and at least a portion of the second plane 32 is arranged to be inclined downward.

[0034] It should be noted that the second plane 32 on the filter 3 can be tilted downward or tilted to both sides of the horizontal direction, that is, tilted to the left or right. The present invention does not limit this. In one embodiment of the present invention, the filter 3 is set in a downward tilted manner to compensate for the optical path required for nearby scenes, thereby achieving imaging of both distant and nearby scenes.

[0035] In the technical solution of the present invention, a lens 100 and a vehicle-mounted camera are proposed, wherein the lens 100 includes a fixed aperture 1, a lens group 2 and a filter 3, the lens group 2 includes a plurality of lenses, the plurality of lenses are arranged on the fixed aperture 1 and arranged in sequence from the object side 300 to the image side 400, the filter 3 is arranged at one end of the fixed aperture 1 close to the image side 400, the filter 3 includes a first plane 31 and a second plane 32 arranged from the object side 300 to the image side 400, at least part of the second plane 32 is arranged tilted downward, and by designing the filter 3 to be The filter 3 is wedge-shaped, that is, it is thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom in the vertical direction. Since the ground scene, that is, the nearby scene, will be imaged on the image sensor 200 through the upper part of the filter 3, by making the upper part of the filter 3 thicker, based on the different propagation speeds of light in different media, when the light passes through glass (or other transparent media), the speed of light propagation in the glass will slow down due to the greater refractive index of glass than air, resulting in an increase in the optical path (that is, the product of the distance the light propagates in the medium and the refractive index of the medium). In this way, it can be ensured that both distant and nearby scenes are imaged clearly.

[0036] The lens 100 proposed in the present invention is primarily used in vehicle-mounted cameras, which have a wide range of applications, including driving recorders, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), panoramic parking assistance, nighttime driving assistance, driver monitoring systems (DMS), electronic rearview mirrors (CMS), intelligent in-cabin behavior recognition, vital sign monitoring, automatic parking, and occupant monitoring (OMS). These functions not only improve driving safety but also enhance the vehicle's intelligence and human-computer interaction experience. For vehicle-mounted cameras to achieve assisted driving, they must have relatively stable and clear image recognition capabilities, with good recognition of both distant and nearby obstacles.

[0037] The phenomenon of nearby objects appearing blurry when photographing distant objects is based on the principles of focus and depth of field in optics. When a camera focuses on a distant object, resulting in a sharp image on the imaging plane, the rectilinear nature of light and the focusing power of the lens prevent the light from nearby objects from converging into a sharp focus on the imaging plane. This causes the light to fall outside the camera's depth of field, resulting in a blurred image. Depth of field refers to the range of distances in front of and behind the imaging plane within which a sharp image is achieved, given a certain focal length and aperture setting. Objects outside this range appear blurry. This solution utilizes a filter 3 with a non-uniform thickness. The filter 3 in lens 100 primarily functions to adjust the light entering lens 100. It can reduce or modify specific wavelengths of light to control exposure, enhance color contrast, reduce glare and reflections, protect the sensor from overexposure, or achieve specific visual effects. The non-uniform thickness of the filter 3 produces different refraction effects for nearby and distant objects, thereby compensating for the required optical distance for near objects and ensuring optimal imaging of near objects on image sensor 200.

[0038] The present invention provides five examples of filter 3 structures to achieve the effect of simultaneously imaging both nearby and distant scenes clearly. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the filter 3 is wedge-shaped as a whole. For details, please refer to Figure 3 The first plane 31 is configured as a straight plane perpendicular to the central axis of the lens group 2, and the second plane 32 is configured as an inclined plane at an angle to the first plane 31. The overall structural feature of being thick at the top and thin at the bottom is maintained, so that the optical path of the upper part is increased to ensure that the image of the nearby scene is within the collection range of the image sensor 200.

[0039] In the second embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 4 The first plane 31 is configured as a straight surface perpendicular to the central axis of the lens group 2, and the second plane 32 is configured as two surface segments, namely a straight surface segment 322 and an inclined surface segment 321 connected in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction, maintaining the structural characteristics of being thick at the top and thin at the bottom, so that the upper optical path is increased to ensure that the imaging of nearby scenes is within the acquisition range of the image sensor 200.

[0040] In the third embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 5 The filter 3 is tapered as a whole, with the first plane 31 being configured as a straight plane perpendicular to the central axis of the lens group 2, and the second plane 32 being configured as an inclined plane at an angle to the first plane 31, and the first plane 31 and the second plane 32 being connected. The tapered filter 3 still maintains the structural feature of being thick at the top and thin at the bottom, so that the optical path at the top is increased to ensure that the imaging of nearby scenes is within the acquisition range of the image sensor 200.

[0041] In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 6 The first plane 31 is configured as a straight surface perpendicular to the central axis of the lens group 2, and the second plane 32 is configured as two surface segments, namely, an inclined surface segment 321 and a straight surface segment 322 connected in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction, maintaining the structural characteristics of being thick at the top and thin at the bottom, so that the upper optical path is increased to ensure that the imaging of nearby scenes is within the acquisition range of the image sensor 200.

[0042] In the fifth embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 7 The first plane 31 is configured as a straight surface perpendicular to the central axis of the lens group 2, and the second plane 32 is configured as three surface segments, namely two straight surface segments 322 and one inclined surface segment 321. The two ends of the inclined surface segment 321 are respectively connected to the two straight surface segments 322. The first straight surface segment 322 and the second straight surface segment 322 are arranged in parallel. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the inclined surface segment 321 can also be configured as a curved surface segment, so as to smoothly transition between the two straight surface segments 322. The overall structural feature of being thick at the top and thin at the bottom is still maintained, so that the upper optical path is increased to ensure that the imaging of nearby scenes is within the acquisition range of the image sensor 200.

[0043] Based on the five aforementioned embodiments, the present invention also proposes a method for designing and calculating the actual tilt angle of the filter 3, namely, the angle α between the first plane 31 and the second plane 32. First, for different types of lenses 100, the position defocus dimension M1 at the normal focusing distance L1 of the lens 100 and the edge defocus dimension M2 at the required ground image distance L2 are obtained from their respective data sheets. From this, the difference between M2 and M1 is the optical path difference (OPD) that needs to be compensated by thickening the filter 3. According to the optical path difference calculation formula, OPD = (n2^d2) - (n1^d1), where n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of their respective media, and d1 and d2 are the geometric path lengths. In this application, d1 = d2 = A, n2 is the refractive index of the filter 3, and n1 is the refractive index of air. Therefore, the dimension A of the wedge filter 3 is (M2-M1) / (n2-n1). The dimension A obtained above is the effective position of the filter 3 imaged on the image sensor 200. According to the above-mentioned dimension A, the included angle α=arctan(2(M2-M1) / (n2-n1) / H1) between the first plane 31 and the second plane 32 can be obtained, where H1 is the effective imaging height of the image sensor 200.

[0044] Based on the above solution, the present invention does not limit the number of lens groups 2 of the lens 100. The present invention proposes two lens 100 structures. In one lens 100 structure, the multiple lenses include a first lens 21, a second lens 22, a third lens 23, a fourth lens 24 and a fifth lens 25 arranged in sequence from the object side 300 to the image side 400. For details, please refer to Figure 1 The first lens 21, the second lens 22, the third lens 23, the fourth lens 24 and the fifth lens 25 are all arranged on the fixed aperture 1. In this embodiment, the five lenses are all glass lenses. Glass lenses have significant advantages in high-precision optical imaging, professional photography and videography, and other fields requiring high-quality images due to their high refractive index, excellent optical performance, low dispersion, high transmittance and good temperature resistance. They can provide clearer images and more realistic color reproduction.

[0045] In another lens 100 structure, the plurality of lenses include a first lens 21, a second lens 22, and a third lens 23 arranged in sequence from the object side 300 to the image side 400. For details, please refer to Figure 2 The first lens 21 and the second lens 22 are disposed at the end of the fixed aperture 1 close to the object 300, and the second lens 22 is disposed at the end of the fixed aperture 1 close to the image 400. In this embodiment, the lenses can be either glass or plastic. Glass lenses offer better optical clarity, durability, and scratch resistance, while plastic lenses are more lightweight.

[0046] The present invention also proposes a vehicle-mounted camera, which includes a lens 100. The specific structure of the lens 100 refers to the above embodiment. Since the vehicle-mounted camera adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0047] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lens, characterized in that: It includes a fixed aperture, a lens group and a filter, wherein the lens group includes a plurality of lenses, the plurality of lenses are arranged in sequence from the object direction to the image side of the fixed aperture, and the filter is arranged at one end of the fixed aperture close to the image side; The filter includes a first plane and a second plane arranged from the object side to the image side, and at least a portion of the second plane is arranged to be tilted downward.

2. The lens according to claim 1, wherein: The first plane is perpendicular to the central axis of the lens group, and the second plane is arranged at an angle to at least a portion of the first plane.

3. The lens according to claim 2, wherein: The second plane includes a straight surface segment and an inclined surface segment connected to each other. The straight surface segment is arranged parallel to the first plane, and the inclined surface segment is arranged at an angle to the straight surface segment.

4. The lens according to claim 3, wherein: The second plane includes an inclined surface segment and a straight surface segment connected in sequence from top to bottom along the vertical direction. The straight surface segment is arranged parallel to the first plane, and the inclined surface segment and the straight surface segment are arranged at an angle.

5. The lens according to claim 2, wherein: The second plane includes two straight surface segments and an inclined surface segment. Two ends of the inclined surface segment are respectively connected to the two straight surface segments, and the two straight surface segments are arranged in parallel.

6. The lens according to claim 2, wherein: The filter is a conical filter, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the conical filter gradually decreases from top to bottom along the vertical direction.

7. The lens according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The plurality of lenses include a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens and a fifth lens arranged in sequence from the object direction to the image direction, and the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens and the fifth lens are all arranged on the fixed aperture.

8. The lens according to claim 7, wherein: The lens is made of glass and / or plastic.

9. The lens according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The multiple lenses include a first lens, a second lens, and a third lens arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side. The first lens and the second lens are arranged at one end of the fixed aperture close to the object side, and the second lens is arranged at one end of the fixed aperture close to the image side.

10. A vehicle-mounted camera, characterized in that: The lens comprises the lens according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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