Preliminary sorting and feeding machine for fruits
By designing a fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine, and using motor-driven sorting cylinders and conveyor rollers to achieve automatic sorting and loading of fruits, the problem of time-consuming and labor-intensive manual sorting is solved, production efficiency is improved, and the continuity of the production line is ensured.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422353029.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-26
AI Technical Summary
In the existing fruit sorting and loading process, manual operation is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and cannot match the speed of photoelectric detection and classification, resulting in problems such as fruit accumulation or insufficient detection.
A fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine is designed, which includes a sorting box, an upper sorting mechanism, a lower sorting mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a storage tray. The motor-driven sorting cylinder and conveying roller are used to realize automatic sorting and loading of fruits, and the classification is carried out in combination with photoelectric detection.
It realizes the automation of fruit sorting and loading, improves production efficiency, avoids the problems of fruit accumulation and insufficient inspection, and ensures the continuity of the production line.
Smart Images
Figure CN223405398U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural product machinery, and particularly relates to a fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine. Background Art
[0002] With the development of the fruit industry, people's requirements for fruit quality are getting higher and higher. Therefore, fruits need to be sorted by size before being sold, and then the sorted fruits are classified through photoelectric detection. This classification method mainly uses photoelectric sensors to capture the optical properties of the surface or interior of the fruit, such as color, gloss, reflection or transmission spectrum, etc., and then uses computers or related equipment to analyze and process these data to achieve automatic classification of fruits.
[0003] However, most of the existing fruits are preliminarily sorted manually, and the staff then places the sorted fruits on the photoelectric detection device for classification. Manual loading is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the production efficiency is low. In addition, the traditional manual method of loading cannot accurately match the speed of the fruit photoelectric detection and classification, resulting in fruit accumulation or no fruit for detection. Therefore, a fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine is proposed, which can realize both automatic sorting and automatic loading to achieve production continuity. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to overcome the problems that manual sorting and loading of fruits is time-consuming and labor-intensive, the production efficiency is low, and the speed of fruit photoelectric detection and classification cannot be accurately matched, resulting in fruit accumulation or no fruit for detection, the utility model provides a fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine; the fruits enter the sorting box through the feed port, the upper sorting mechanism and the lower sorting mechanism perform preliminary sorting according to the size and shape of the fruits, and sort the fruits into different channels, the end of the baffle is provided with a first discharge port, and the sorted fruits are guided to the storage tray, the storage tray is located at the first discharge port, the sorting box is connected to the conveying mechanism, and the smooth transmission of the fruits is achieved, the conveying mechanism conveys the sorted fruits to the next process, and is classified by photoelectric detection. The equipment improves the efficiency of the entire production line through the automated sorting and loading system, can realize continuous production, and avoids the problems of fruit accumulation or no fruit detection that may occur in traditional manual loading.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme: a fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine mainly includes a sorting box, an upper sorting mechanism, a lower sorting mechanism, a connecting plate, a baffle, a column, a conveying mechanism, a storage tray, and a discharging mechanism, wherein the bottom end of the sorting box is provided with a support leg, the interior of the sorting box is provided with a cavity structure, the upper sorting mechanism and the lower sorting mechanism are installed inside the cavity structure, the connecting plate is installed inside the sorting box, located between the upper sorting mechanism and the lower sorting mechanism, a non-connected V-shaped structure is formed between the two sets of connecting plates, the baffle is installed at the top of the sorting box, and an inverted hollow trapezoidal structure is formed between the four baffles. A first discharging port is provided at the end of the baffle, the column is installed at one side of the sorting box, the conveying mechanism is obliquely installed on the column, one end close to the sorting box is lower than the other end, a second discharging port and a third discharging port are provided on the side wall of the sorting box, the storage tray is installed at the end of the conveying mechanism, located at the first discharging port, the storage tray connects the sorting box with the conveying mechanism, and the discharging mechanism is installed at the top of the conveying mechanism.
[0006] A fruit brush is installed on the top of the conveying mechanism. The fruit brush consists of a bracket and a brush. The bracket is installed on the conveying mechanism, and the brush can be adjusted on the bracket by fastening bolts.
[0007] The upper sorting mechanism includes a first rotating shaft, a first motor, and a first sorting cylinder. The first rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the sorting box. The first motor is mounted at the end of the sorting box. The first rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the first motor. The first sorting cylinder is mounted on the first rotating shaft and is located inside the sorting box. A first circular hole is formed on the first sorting cylinder.
[0008] The lower sorting mechanism comprises a second rotating shaft, a second motor, and a second sorting cylinder. The second rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the sorting box. The second motor is mounted at the end of the sorting box. The second rotating shaft is transmission-connected to the second motor. The second sorting cylinder is mounted on the second rotating shaft and is located inside the sorting box. A second circular hole is formed on the second sorting cylinder.
[0009] The first sorting cylinder and the second sorting cylinder are both configured as hollow truncated cone structures, and the radius of the second circular hole is smaller than the radius of the first circular hole.
[0010] The transmission mechanism includes a mounting shell, a drive motor, a V-shaped roller, a side plate, and a chain transmission mechanism. The mounting shell is installed at the top of the column, two sets of chain transmission mechanisms are installed inside the mounting shell, the drive motor is installed at the end of the mounting shell, the chain transmission mechanism is connected to the drive motor, the V-shaped roller is installed between the two sets of chain transmission mechanisms, and the side plate is installed at the top of the mounting shell and located on both sides of the V-shaped roller.
[0011] The storage tray is configured as a hemispherical structure.
[0012] The discharging mechanism comprises a protective cover and a V-shaped material guide plate. The protective cover is installed on the top of the mounting shell, and the V-shaped material guide plate is installed on the end of the mounting shell.
[0013] The bottom plate of the sorting box is arranged as an inclined structure, with one end close to the third discharge port being lower than the other end.
[0014] Beneficial effects of the utility model:
[0015] The fruit enters the sorting box through the feed port. The upper and lower sorting mechanisms perform preliminary sorting according to the size and shape of the fruit and sort the fruit into different channels. The connecting plate further guides the flow of the fruit. The end of the baffle is provided with a first discharge port to guide the sorted fruit to the storage tray. The storage tray is located at the first discharge port and connects the sorting box to the conveying mechanism to achieve smooth transmission of the fruit. The conveying mechanism conveys the sorted fruit to the next process and classifies it through photoelectric detection. The equipment improves the efficiency of the entire production line through the automated sorting and loading system, can achieve continuous production, and avoids the problems of fruit accumulation or lack of fruit detection that may occur in traditional manual loading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is an isometric schematic diagram of the present utility model.
[0017] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0018] Figure 3 It is another three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present utility model.
[0019] Figure 4 It is a top view of the utility model.
[0020] Figure 5 It is a partial sectional schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0021] Figure 6 It is another partial sectional schematic diagram of the present utility model.
[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sorting cylinder and the second sorting cylinder.
[0023] Figure 8 This is another structural diagram of the first sorting cylinder and the second sorting cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to facilitate understanding by technicians.
[0025] The utility model discloses a preliminary sorting and loading machine for fruits, which mainly comprises a sorting box 1, an upper sorting mechanism 2, a lower sorting mechanism 3, a connecting plate 4, a baffle 5, a column 6, a conveying mechanism 7, a storage tray 8, and a discharging mechanism 9. The bottom end of the sorting box 1 is provided with a support leg 11, the interior of the sorting box 1 is provided with a cavity structure, the upper sorting mechanism 2 and the lower sorting mechanism 3 are installed inside the cavity structure, the connecting plate 4 is installed inside the sorting box 1, and is located between the upper sorting mechanism 2 and the lower sorting mechanism 3, and the two groups of connecting plates 4 are not connected. The sorting box 1 has a V-shaped structure, the baffle 5 is installed at the top of the sorting box 1, and the four baffles 5 form an inverted hollow trapezoidal structure of the feed port 12. The end of the baffle 5 is provided with a first discharge port 51. The column 6 is installed on one side of the sorting box 1. The conveying mechanism 7 is installed on the column 6 at an angle, with one end close to the sorting box 1 lower than the other end. The side wall of the sorting box 1 is provided with a second discharge port 13 and a third discharge port 14. The storage tray 8 is installed at the end of the conveying mechanism 7, located at the first discharge port 51. The storage tray 8 connects the sorting box 1 with the conveying mechanism 7. The discharge mechanism 9 is installed on the top of the conveying mechanism 7.
[0026] Before sorting, the staff turns on the first motor 22, the second motor 32, and the drive motor 72, and the conveying device conveys the fruits that need to be sorted and classified into the sorting box 1. The fruits enter the sorting box 1 through the feed port 12. The upper sorting mechanism 2 and the lower sorting mechanism 3 perform preliminary sorting according to the size and shape of the fruits. The first motor 22 drives the first rotating shaft 21 to rotate, and then drives the first sorting cylinder 23 to rotate. The first sorting cylinder 23 is set to a hollow frustum structure. The fruits with a radius greater than the first circular hole 231 move toward the first discharge port 51 and fall into the storage tray 8 through the first discharge port 51. Then the fruits enter the gap between the V-shaped rollers 73. The drive motor 72 drives the chain transmission mechanism to rotate, and then drives the V-shaped rollers 73 to move to convey the fruits. The side plates 74 prevent the fruits from falling from both sides of the mounting shell 71. Under the transmission of the V-shaped rollers 73, the fruits are conveyed to the fruit brush 10. The bracket 10 1 and the setting of the brush 102 ensure that the fruit passes through the protective cover 91 individually. The fruit falls onto the V-shaped fruit guide plate 92 through the protective cover 91 and is then transported to the next process for photoelectric detection through the V-shaped guide plate 92. The fruit with a radius smaller than the first circular hole 231 falls through the first circular hole 231 and enters the second sorting cylinder 33 under the guidance of the connecting plate 4. The second motor 32 drives the second rotating shaft 31 to rotate, thereby driving the second sorting cylinder 33 to perform secondary sorting on the fruit. The second sorting cylinder 33 is set to a hollow frustum structure. The fruit with a radius larger than the second circular hole 331 moves toward the second discharge port 13 and is discharged from the second discharge port 13. The fruit with a radius smaller than the second circular hole 331 falls into the inside of the sorting box 1 through the second circular hole 331. Through the guidance of the inclined bottom plate of the sorting box 1, the fruit inside the sorting box 1 is discharged from the third discharge port 14 for centralized collection and processing.
[0027] like Figure 2 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, a fruit brush 10 is installed at the top of the conveying mechanism 7. The fruit brush 10 consists of a bracket 101 and a brush 102. The bracket 101 is installed on the conveying mechanism 7, and the brush 102 can be adjusted on the bracket 101 by fastening bolts. The arrangement of the bracket 101 and the brush 102 ensures that the fruits pass through the protective cover 91 individually, avoiding problems in the subsequent photoelectric detection of the fruits.
[0028] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown, the upper sorting mechanism 2 includes a first rotating shaft 21, a first motor 22, and a first sorting cylinder 23. The first rotating shaft 21 is rotatably mounted on the sorting box 1, the first motor 22 is mounted at the end of the sorting box 1, the first rotating shaft 21 is transmission-connected to the first motor 22, the first sorting cylinder 23 is mounted on the first rotating shaft 21, and is located inside the sorting box 1. A first circular hole 231 is formed on the first sorting cylinder 23; Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 As shown, the lower sorting mechanism 3 comprises a second rotating shaft 31, a second motor 32, and a second sorting cylinder 33. The second rotating shaft 31 is rotatably mounted on the sorting box 1. The second motor 32 is mounted at the end of the sorting box 1. The second rotating shaft 31 is in transmission connection with the second motor 32. The second sorting cylinder 33 is mounted on the second rotating shaft 31 and is located inside the sorting box 1. A second circular hole 331 is formed on the second sorting cylinder 33. Figure 7 、 Figure 8As shown, the first sorting cylinder 23 and the second sorting cylinder 33 are both configured as hollow frustum structures, and the radius of the second circular hole 331 is smaller than the radius of the first circular hole 231; the fruit enters the sorting box 1 through the feed port 12, and the upper sorting mechanism 2 and the lower sorting mechanism 3 perform preliminary sorting according to the size and shape of the fruit. The first motor 22 drives the first rotating shaft 21 to rotate, thereby driving the first sorting cylinder 23 to rotate. The first sorting cylinder 23 is configured as a hollow frustum structure. The fruit with a radius larger than the first circular hole 231 moves toward the first discharge port 51 and falls into the storage tray 8 through the first discharge port 51. The fruit with a radius smaller than the first circular hole 231 moves toward the first discharge port 51 and falls into the storage tray 8 through the first discharge port 51. The fruits with a radius larger than the second circular hole 331 fall through the first circular hole 231 and enter the second sorting drum 33 under the guidance of the connecting plate 4. The second motor 32 drives the second rotating shaft 31 to rotate, thereby driving the second sorting drum 33 to perform secondary sorting on the fruits. The second sorting drum 33 is configured as a hollow frustum structure. Fruits with a radius larger than the second circular hole 331 move toward the second discharge port 13 and are discharged from the second discharge port 13. Fruits with a radius smaller than the second circular hole 331 fall through the second circular hole 331 into the sorting box 1. Guided by the inclined bottom plate of the sorting box 1, the fruits inside the sorting box 1 are discharged from the third discharge port 14 for centralized collection and processing.
[0029] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the conveying mechanism 7 includes a mounting shell 71, a drive motor 72, a V-shaped roller 73, a side plate 74, and a chain transmission mechanism. The mounting shell 71 is mounted on the top of the column 6, two sets of chain transmission mechanisms are mounted inside the mounting shell 71, the drive motor 72 is mounted at the end of the mounting shell 71, the chain transmission mechanism is connected to the drive motor 72, the V-shaped roller 73 is mounted between the two sets of chain transmission mechanisms, and the side plate 74 is mounted on the top of the mounting shell 71, located on both sides of the V-shaped roller 73; after the sorting is completed, the fruit falls into the storage tray 8 through the first discharge port 51, and the fruit enters the gap between the V-shaped rollers 73. The drive motor 72 drives the chain transmission mechanism to rotate, thereby driving the V-shaped rollers 73 to move to convey the fruit. The side plates 74 prevent the fruit from spilling from both sides of the mounting shell 71.
[0030] like Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 As shown, the storage tray 8 is configured as a hemispherical structure; the hemispherical structure facilitates storage of more sorted fruits, and the fruits are temporarily stored in the storage tray 8 and then transported to the next process under the transmission of the V-shaped roller 73.
[0031] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the discharging mechanism 9 includes a protective cover 91 and a V-shaped guide plate 92. The protective cover 91 is mounted on the top of the mounting shell 71, and the V-shaped guide plate 92 is mounted on the end of the mounting shell 71. The sorted fruits fall through the protective cover 91 onto the V-shaped guide plate 92, and are then transported to the next process for photoelectric detection through the V-shaped guide plate 92.
[0032] like Figure 6 As shown, the bottom plate of the sorting box 1 is set to an inclined structure, with one end close to the third discharge port 14 lower than the other end; to avoid clogging of fruits inside the sorting box 1, the sorted fruits are discharged from the third discharge port 14 under the guidance of the bottom plate.
[0033] Working process:
[0034] The device is connected to a conveying device, which is located above the feed port 12. Before sorting, the staff turns on the first motor 22, the second motor 32, and the drive motor 72. The conveying device transports the fruits that need to be sorted and classified into the sorting box 1. The fruits enter the sorting box 1 through the feed port 12. The upper sorting mechanism 2 and the lower sorting mechanism 3 perform preliminary sorting according to the size and shape of the fruits. The first motor 22 drives the first rotating shaft 21 to rotate, and then drives the first sorting cylinder 23 to rotate. The first sorting cylinder 23 is set to a hollow frustum structure. Fruits with a radius greater than the first circular hole 231 move toward the first discharge port 51 and fall into the storage tray 8 through the first discharge port 51. The storage tray 8 is set to a hemispherical structure. The hemispherical structure is convenient for storing more sorted fruits. The fruits are temporarily stored in the storage tray 8, and then the fruits enter the gap between the V-shaped rollers 73. The drive motor 72 drives the chain transmission mechanism to rotate, and then drives the V-shaped rollers 73 to move to convey the fruits. The side plates 74 prevent The fruits fall from both sides of the mounting shell 71 and are transported to the fruit brush 10 by the V-shaped roller 73. The setting of the bracket 101 and the brush 102 ensures that the fruits pass through the protective cover 91 individually. The fruits pass through the protective cover 91 and fall onto the V-shaped fruit guide plate 92. Then, the fruits are transported to the next process for photoelectric detection by the V-shaped guide plate 92. The fruits with a radius smaller than the first circular hole 231 fall through the first circular hole 231 and enter the second sorting cylinder 33 under the guidance of the connecting plate 4. The second motor 32 drives the second sorting cylinder 33 to move the second motor 32 ... The second rotating shaft 31 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the second sorting drum 33 to perform secondary sorting of the fruits. The second sorting drum 33 is configured as a hollow frustum structure. Fruits with a radius larger than the second circular hole 331 move toward the second discharge port 13 and are discharged from the second discharge port 13. Fruits with a radius smaller than the second circular hole 331 fall through the second circular hole 331 into the sorting box 1. Guided by the inclined bottom plate of the sorting box 1, the fruits inside the sorting box 1 are discharged from the third discharge port 14 for centralized collection and processing.
[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine, characterized by: The fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine comprises a sorting box (1), an upper sorting mechanism (2), a lower sorting mechanism (3), a connecting plate (4), a baffle (5), a column (6), a conveying mechanism (7), a storage tray (8), and a discharging mechanism (9). The bottom end of the sorting box (1) is provided with a support leg (11). The interior of the sorting box (1) is provided with a cavity structure. The upper sorting mechanism (2) and the lower sorting mechanism (3) are installed inside the cavity structure. The connecting plate (4) is installed inside the sorting box (1) and is located between the upper sorting mechanism (2) and the lower sorting mechanism (3). The two sets of connecting plates (4) form a non-connected V-shaped structure. The baffle (5) is installed inside the cavity structure. At the top of the sorting box (1), an inverted hollow trapezoidal feed port (12) is formed between four baffles (5), a first discharge port (51) is provided at the end of the baffle (5), a column (6) is installed on one side of the sorting box (1), a conveying mechanism (7) is obliquely installed on the column (6), one end close to the sorting box (1) is lower than the other end, a second discharge port (13) and a third discharge port (14) are provided on the side wall of the sorting box (1), a storage tray (8) is installed at the end of the conveying mechanism (7), located at the first discharge port (51), the storage tray (8) connects the sorting box (1) and the conveying mechanism (7), and a discharge mechanism (9) is installed at the top of the conveying mechanism (7).
2. A fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fruit brush (10) is installed at the top of the conveying mechanism (7). The fruit brush (10) consists of a bracket (101) and a brush (102). The bracket (101) is installed on the conveying mechanism (7), and the brush (102) can be adjusted on the bracket (101) by fastening bolts.
3. A fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The upper sorting mechanism (2) includes a first rotating shaft (21), a first motor (22), and a first sorting cylinder (23). The first rotating shaft (21) is rotatably mounted on the sorting box (1). The first motor (22) is mounted at the end of the sorting box (1). The first rotating shaft (21) is transmission-connected to the first motor (22). The first sorting cylinder (23) is mounted on the first rotating shaft (21) and is located inside the sorting box (1). A first circular hole (231) is formed on the first sorting cylinder (23).
4. A fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower sorting mechanism (3) comprises a second rotating shaft (31), a second motor (32), and a second sorting cylinder (33). The second rotating shaft (31) is rotatably mounted on the sorting box (1). The second motor (32) is mounted at the end of the sorting box (1). The second rotating shaft (31) is transmission-connected to the second motor (32). The second sorting cylinder (33) is mounted on the second rotating shaft (31) and is located inside the sorting box (1). A second circular hole (331) is formed on the second sorting cylinder (33).
5. The fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first sorting cylinder (23) and the second sorting cylinder (33) are both configured as hollow truncated cone structures, and the radius of the second circular hole (331) is smaller than the radius of the first circular hole (231).
6. A fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (7) includes a mounting shell (71), a drive motor (72), a V-shaped roller (73), a side plate (74), and a chain transmission mechanism. The mounting shell (71) is mounted on the top of the column (6), two sets of chain transmission mechanisms are mounted inside the mounting shell (71), the drive motor (72) is mounted on the end of the mounting shell (71), the chain transmission mechanism is connected to the drive motor (72), the V-shaped roller (73) is mounted between the two sets of chain transmission mechanisms, and the side plate (74) is mounted on the top of the mounting shell (71) and is located on both sides of the V-shaped roller (73).
7. A fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The storage tray (8) is configured as a hemispherical structure.
8. The fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The discharging mechanism (9) comprises a protective cover (91) and a V-shaped guide plate (92). The protective cover (91) is mounted on the top of the mounting shell (71), and the V-shaped guide plate (92) is mounted on the end of the mounting shell (71).
9. A fruit preliminary sorting and loading machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the sorting box (1) is configured as an inclined structure, with one end close to the third discharge port (14) being lower than the other end.