Ventilation system, seat and automobile
By designing a switchable closing mechanism and pipeline structure, the blowing and suction functions of the ventilation system can be switched, which solves the problem of single function of the existing ventilation system and improves the user experience.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422386707.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-29
AI Technical Summary
The existing ventilation system has a single function, which can only achieve suction or blowing, and lacks diversity.
A ventilation system is designed, including a fan, a first closing mechanism, a second closing mechanism, a first pipe and a second pipe. The state switching of the closing mechanism is controlled by a control mechanism to realize the switching of the blowing and suction functions.
It provides the option of both suction and blowing functions, enriching the user experience and meeting different needs.
Smart Images

Figure CN223407816U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and in particular relates to a ventilation system, a seat and an automobile. Background Art
[0002] When a passenger sits in a seat, the back of their body comes into close contact with the seat surface. This creates a lack of air circulation in this area, hindering the removal of sweat and causing discomfort. Currently available car seats have ventilation systems that work as follows: a fan injects air into the seat, which then flows out through small holes in the seat surface, creating ventilation. This ventilation system effectively improves air circulation in the area of contact between the body and the seat surface, ensuring a dry and comfortable fit, even during extended rides.
[0003] However, the existing ventilation system can only achieve suction or blowing, and has a single function. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a ventilation system, a seat and a car in view of the problem that the existing ventilation systems can basically only realize suction or blowing and have single functions.
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present utility model provides a ventilation system, including a fan, a first sealing mechanism, a second sealing mechanism, a first pipe and a second pipe;
[0006] The first duct is provided with a first air inlet, a second air inlet and a first air outlet, and the second duct is provided with a second air outlet, a third air outlet and a third air inlet; the first air outlet is connected to the outlet of the fan, the second air outlet and the first air inlet are connected to the same air bag, and the second air inlet is connected to the outside; the third air inlet is connected to the inlet of the fan, and the third air outlet is connected to the outside;
[0007] The first closing mechanism can selectively close one of the first air inlet and the second air inlet, and the second closing mechanism can selectively close one of the second air outlet and the fourth air outlet.
[0008] Optionally, a control mechanism is also included;
[0009] The first closing mechanism has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first closing mechanism closes the first air inlet and opens the second air inlet, the first air outlet is connected to the second air inlet, and the first air outlet is blocked from the first air inlet. In the second state, the first closing mechanism closes the second air inlet and opens the first air inlet, the first air outlet is connected to the first air inlet, and the first air outlet is blocked from the second air inlet.
[0010] The second closing mechanism has a third state and a fourth state. In the third state, the second closing mechanism closes the second air outlet and opens the third air outlet, the third air inlet is connected to the third air outlet, and the third air inlet is blocked from the second air outlet. In the fourth state, the second closing mechanism closes the third air outlet and opens the second air outlet, the third air inlet is connected to the second air outlet, and the third air inlet is blocked from the fourth air outlet.
[0011] The control mechanism is capable of controlling the first closing mechanism to be in the first state and the second closing mechanism to be in the fourth state, so that the second air outlet is connected to the second air inlet through the fan; the control mechanism is also capable of controlling the first closing mechanism to be in the second state and the second closing mechanism to be in the third state, so that the first air inlet is connected to the third air outlet through the fan.
[0012] Optionally, the first closing mechanism includes a first door panel and a first rotating shaft, wherein the first rotating shaft is fixed to the first door panel and is rotatably connected to the first pipe;
[0013] The second closing mechanism includes a second door panel and a second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is fixed to the second door panel, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second pipe.
[0014] Optionally, the first duct is a square tube, the first air inlet and the first air outlet constitute two ends of the first duct, the second air inlet is formed by a through hole opened in one side wall of the first duct, and the first door panel is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first duct via the first rotating shaft;
[0015] The second pipe is a square pipe, the second air outlet and the third air inlet constitute the two ends of the second pipe, the third air outlet is formed by a through hole opened on one side wall of the second pipe, and the second door panel is connected to the inner wall of the second pipe through the second rotating shaft.
[0016] Optionally, the system further includes a first control box, a first motor, a second control box, and a second motor; the output shaft of the first motor is connected to one of the first rotating shafts, and the first control box is used to control the start and stop of the first motor;
[0017] The output shaft of the second motor is connected to one of the second rotating shafts, and the second control box is used to control the start and stop of the second motor.
[0018] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a seat, a seat body, an air bag disposed in the seat body, and the above-mentioned ventilation system;
[0019] The first air outlet and the second air outlet are connected to the same air bag in the seat body.
[0020] Optionally, the first pipe includes a straight pipe, a first connecting portion, and a second connecting portion, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are arranged at both ends of the straight pipe, the first connecting portion is snap-connected to the outer wall of the fan, the second connecting portion is connected to the air bag through a hose, and the second air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the straight pipe;
[0021] The second pipe includes a first sub-pipe and a second sub-pipe arranged vertically, one end of the first sub-pipe is connected to the fan, the other end of the first sub-pipe is connected to the second sub-pipe, the second sub-pipe is parallel to the straight pipe, and the third air outlet is arranged at an end of the second sub-pipe close to the first sub-pipe, and the third air outlet is connected to the first sub-pipe.
[0022] Optionally, the straight tube, the first sub-tube and the second sub-tube are all square tubes, and the cross sections of the first sub-tube and the second sub-tube are consistent.
[0023] Optionally, the cross-sectional area of the first air inlet is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the second air inlet;
[0024] The cross-sectional area of the third air outlet is smaller than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the second sub-tube.
[0025] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a car, comprising the above-mentioned seat.
[0026] According to the ventilation system, seat and automobile of the embodiment of the present invention, the first pipe serves as the outlet pipe of the fan, and the second pipe serves as the inlet pipe of the fan. The fan can be a centrifugal fan. The first air inlet and the second air outlet are connected to the air bag on the same seat. When the ventilation system is performing the blowing function, the second air inlet and the second air outlet are connected, and the first air inlet and the third air outlet are closed. At this time, the fan inhales air from the second air inlet, and the air flows into the fan through the first pipe, and then blows air out from the second air outlet to the air bag through the second pipe, thereby realizing the blowing function of the air bag. When the ventilation system is performing the suction function, the second air inlet and the second air outlet are closed, and the third air outlet is connected to the first air inlet, thereby realizing the suction function. The present utility model has both suction and blowing functions, and users can choose one of the functions according to their own wishes, which provides customers with a range of choices and improves the user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a ventilation system provided in one embodiment of the present utility model;
[0028] Figure 2An exploded diagram of a ventilation system provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a first duct of a ventilation system provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a second duct of a ventilation system provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first door panel of a ventilation system provided in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0032] The figure marks in the specification are as follows: 1. fan; 2. first pipe; 21. first air inlet; 22. second air inlet; 23. first air outlet; 24. straight pipe; 25. first connecting part; 26. second connecting part; 261. end plate; 262. folded edge; 263. snap fastener; 3. second pipe; 31. second air outlet; 32. third air outlet; 33. third air inlet; 41. first door panel; 42. first rotating shaft; 51. second door panel; 6. first control box; 7. second control box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0034] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a ventilation system, including a fan 1, a first closing mechanism, a second closing mechanism, a first pipe 2 and a second pipe 3; the first pipe 2 is provided with a first air inlet 21, a second air inlet 22 and a first air outlet 23, and the second pipe 3 is provided with a second air outlet 31, a third air outlet 32 and a third air inlet 33; the first air outlet 23 is connected to the inlet of the fan 1, the second air outlet 31 and the first air inlet 21 are connected to the same air bag, and the second air inlet 22 is connected to the outside world; the third air inlet 33 is connected to the outlet of the fan 1, and the third air outlet 32 is connected to the outside world; the first closing mechanism can selectively close one of the first air inlet 21 and the second air inlet 22, and the second closing mechanism can selectively close one of the second air outlet 31 and the fourth air outlet.
[0035] In addition, the ventilation system of this embodiment further includes a control mechanism; the first closing mechanism has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first closing mechanism closes the first air inlet 21 and opens the second air inlet 22, the first air outlet 23 is connected to the second air inlet 22, and the first air outlet 23 is blocked from the first air inlet 21; in the second state, the first closing mechanism closes the second air inlet 22 and opens the first air inlet 21, the first air outlet 23 is connected to the first air inlet 21, and the first air outlet 23 is blocked from the second air inlet 22;
[0036] The second closing mechanism has a third state and a fourth state. In the third state, the second closing mechanism closes the second air outlet 31 and opens the third air outlet 32. The third air inlet 33 is connected to the third air outlet 32, and the third air inlet 33 is blocked from the second air outlet 31. In the fourth state, the second closing mechanism closes the third air outlet 32 and opens the second air outlet 31. The third air inlet 33 is connected to the second air outlet 31, and the third air inlet 33 is blocked from the fourth air outlet.
[0037] The control mechanism can control the first closing mechanism to be in the first state and the second closing mechanism to be in the fourth state, so that the second air outlet 31 is connected to the second air inlet 22 through the fan 1; the control mechanism can also control the first closing mechanism to be in the second state and the second closing mechanism to be in the third state, so that the first air inlet 21 is connected to the third air outlet 32 through the fan 1.
[0038] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first closing mechanism is used to close one of the first air inlet 21 and the second air inlet 22, and the second closing mechanism is used to close one of the second air outlet 31 and the third air outlet 32; the control mechanism is used to control the action of the first closing mechanism and the second closing mechanism so that the first air inlet 21 is connected to the third air outlet 32 or the second air outlet 31 is connected to the second air inlet 22.
[0039] The first pipe 2 serves as the air inlet pipe of the fan 1, and the second pipe 3 serves as the air outlet pipe of the fan 1. The fan 1 can be a centrifugal fan 1. The first air inlet 21 and the second air outlet 31 are connected to the air bag on the same seat. When the ventilation system is performing the suction function, the first air inlet 21 and the third air outlet 32 are connected, and the second air outlet 31 is blocked from being connected to the third air inlet by the second closing mechanism. The second air inlet 22 is in a closed state. At this time, the fan 1 inhales the air in the air bag from the first air inlet 21, so that the air bag forms a negative pressure. After the air flows into the fan 1 through the first pipe 2, the air is discharged to the outside from the first air inlet 21 through the second pipe 3, realizing the suction function of the air bag.
[0040] On the contrary, when the ventilation system is performing the blowing function, the first air inlet 21 is closed by the first closing mechanism, and the third air outlet 32 is closed by the second closing mechanism, so that the second channel is sealed and connected, and the second air outlet 31 is connected to the second air inlet 22. At this time, the fan 1 inhales outside air from the second air inlet 22, and the fan 1 blows the air inhaled from the first pipe 2 through the second pipe 3 and from the second air outlet 31 into the air bag.
[0041] Thus, the same air bag in this application can achieve the functions of blowing or taking in air under the action of the ventilation system, so that the user can blow or inhale air as desired. Compared with the ventilation systems in the prior art that can only blow or inhale air, the ventilation system of this embodiment can provide users with more options and enrich the functions of the chair.
[0042] Reference Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 Specifically, the first closing mechanism includes a first door panel 41 and two coaxially arranged first rotating shafts 42. The two first rotating shafts 42 are fixed to opposite sides of the first door panel 41 and are rotatably connected to the first pipe 2. In this embodiment, the first door panel 41 is rotatably connected to the first pipe 2 via a pivot, which is more convenient to manufacture.
[0043] The second closing mechanism includes a second door panel 51 and two coaxially arranged second rotation shafts, which are fixed to opposite sides of the second door panel 51 and are rotatably connected to the second pipe 3. Similar to the first closing mechanism, the second door panel 51 is also rotatably connected to the second pipe 3 via a pivot.
[0044] More specifically, the first duct 2 is a square tube, the first air inlet 21 and the first air outlet 23 constitute the two ends of the first duct 2, the second air inlet 22 is formed by a through hole opened in one side wall of the first duct 2, and the first door panel 41 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first duct 2 via a first rotating shaft 42;
[0045] The second pipe 3 is a square tube, and the second air outlet 31 and the third air inlet 33 constitute the two ends of the second pipe 3. The third air outlet 32 is formed by a through hole opened on one side wall of the second pipe 3. The second door panel 51 is connected to the inner wall of the second pipe 3 through the second rotating shaft.
[0046] In this embodiment, the first duct 2 and the second duct 3 are both square tubes, and the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 51 are both flat plates. Providing the second air inlet 22 and the third air outlet 32 on the square tube is simpler, and the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 51 can be made of the simplest flat plates. If the second air inlet 22 and the third air outlet 32 are provided on a round tube, the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 51 would need to be curved, which would be more difficult to manufacture and increase manufacturing costs.
[0047] Reference Figure 1 As an example, the ventilation system further includes a first control box 6, a first motor, a second control box 7, and a second motor. The output shaft of the first motor is connected to one of the first rotating shafts 42, and the first control box 6 is used to control the start and stop of the first motor. The output shaft of the second motor is connected to one of the second rotating shafts, and the second control box 7 is used to control the start and stop of the second motor.
[0048] In this embodiment, a PLC chip or an MCU chip can be placed in the first control box 6 and the second control box 7. The first motor and the second motor are controlled by the chip, which has the advantages of faster response and easier control, thereby improving the degree of automatic control.
[0049] In one embodiment, the present invention further provides a seat comprising a seat body, an air bag disposed within the seat body, and the aforementioned ventilation system. The first air outlet 23 and the second air outlet 31 are connected to the same air bag within the seat body. The air bag is conventional technology and is commonly used for ventilation in automobile seats, and will not be described in detail here.
[0050] As an example, the first pipe 2 includes a straight pipe 24, a first connecting portion 25, and a second connecting portion 26. The first connecting portion 25 and the second connecting portion 26 are arranged at both ends of the straight pipe 24. The first connecting portion 25 is connected to the outer wall buckle 263 of the fan 1, and the second connecting portion 26 is connected to the air bag through a hose. The second air inlet 22 is arranged on the side wall of the straight pipe 24.
[0051] Reference Figure 3 Specifically, the first connection portion 25 is a flange, which is connected to a hose, which is in turn connected to the air bag. The second connection portion 26 in this embodiment has a relatively complex structure and includes a buckle 263, an end plate 261, and a folded edge 262. The end plate 261 is annular, with the outer edge of the end plate 261 connected to the outer wall of the first pipe 2. The folded edge 262 is formed by bending the outer edge of the end plate 261. The folded edge 262 fits the outer wall of the fan 1. The fan 1 is provided with a protrusion, and the buckle 263 is provided on the folded edge 262. When the folded edge 262 is placed on the outer wall of the fan 1, the buckle 263 and the protrusion can be snap-connected, thereby connecting the first pipe 2 to the fan 1.
[0052] The second pipe 3 includes a first sub-pipe and a second sub-pipe arranged vertically, one end of the first sub-pipe is connected to the fan 1, and the other end of the first sub-pipe is connected to the second sub-pipe, the second sub-pipe is parallel to the straight pipe 24, and the third air outlet 32 is arranged at one end of the second sub-pipe close to the first sub-pipe, and the third air outlet 32 is connected to the first sub-pipe.
[0053] It's worth noting that in this embodiment, the second air outlet is not closed or connected by any means. The opening and closing of the second air outlet is entirely controlled by the second door panel in the second closing mechanism. Specifically, when the second air outlet 31 needs to be opened, the second door panel 51 closes the third air outlet 32. At this point, the end of the second sub-tube closest to the first sub-tube is in the open state, connecting the second air outlet 31 and the third air inlet 33. Conversely, when the second air outlet 31 needs to be disconnected from the third air inlet 33, the end of the second sub-tube closest to the first sub-tube is closed by the second door panel 51, and the third air outlet 32 is opened, connecting the third air outlet 32 and the third air inlet 33.
[0054] The first sub-tube and the second sub-tube can be formed by welding two independent pipes. Of course, the first sub-tube and the second sub-tube can also be formed as one piece.
[0055] In this embodiment, the straight tube 24, the first sub-tube, and the second sub-tube are all square tubes. The presence of the square tubes facilitates the opening of the first air inlet 21 and the third air outlet 32, and allows the first door panel 41 and the second door panel 51 to be constructed using the simplest flat plate structure. The first and second sub-tubes have identical cross-sectional areas. The cross-sectional area of the first air inlet 21 is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the second air inlet 22. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the first air inlet 21 does not necessarily have to be the same as that of the second air inlet 22; as long as the first sealing mechanism can be used to seal both the first air inlet 21 and the second air outlet 22, it is sufficient.
[0056] Similarly, the cross-sectional area of the third air outlet 32 is less than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the second sub-tube. In this embodiment, the second sub-tube is a straight tube 24 and a square tube. Therefore, the cross-sectional area of the entire inner wall of the second sub-tube is the same as the cross-sectional area of the second air outlet 31. The second sub-tube does not have to be the same as the third air outlet 32. The opening of the third air outlet 32 can be made smaller as long as the second door panel 51 can close the second air outlet 31 or the third air outlet 32.
[0057] In this embodiment, since the fan 1 is a centrifugal fan 1, the air inlet of the fan 1 is arranged on the side wall of the casing of the fan 1. Specifically, the casing of the fan 1 is approximately cylindrical, and the air inlet of the fan 1 is arranged on the circumferential side wall of the fan 1, while the air outlet of the fan 1 is arranged in the axial direction of the impeller of the fan 1, that is, the air outlet of the fan 1 is arranged in the axial direction of the casing, and the opening sizes of the air inlet and the air outlet are different. This embodiment selects a fan 1 with an air outlet larger than the air inlet. In order to more smoothly connect the first pipe 2 with the air outlet of the fan 1, the cross-section of the first pipe 2 is close to the shape of the air outlet of the fan 1, and the cross-section of the second pipe 3 is close to the shape of the air inlet of the fan 1, so that the cross-sectional area of the first pipe 2 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second pipe 3.
[0058] In one embodiment, the present invention further provides a car, comprising the above-mentioned seat.
[0059] In other embodiments, the first rotating shaft 42 can be one, and one first rotating shaft 42 is arranged on one side of the first door panel 41 and extends along the side of the first door panel 41 until both ends of the first rotating shaft 42 extend out of the first door panel 41 respectively, and the two ends of the first rotating shaft 42 rotate with the first pipe 2 respectively.
[0060] Similarly, one second rotating shaft may also be provided, and both ends of the second rotating shaft only need to extend from the second door panel 51 respectively, and both ends of the second rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the second pipe 3 respectively.
[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A ventilation system, characterized in that: It includes a fan, a first closing mechanism, a second closing mechanism, a first pipeline and a second pipeline; The first duct is provided with a first air inlet, a second air inlet and a first air outlet, and the second duct is provided with a second air outlet, a third air outlet and a third air inlet; the first air outlet is connected to the inlet of the fan, the second air outlet and the first air inlet are connected to the same air bag, and the second air inlet is connected to the outside; the third air inlet is connected to the outlet of the fan, and the third air outlet is connected to the outside; The first closing mechanism can selectively close one of the first air inlet and the second air inlet, and the second closing mechanism can selectively close one of the second air outlet and the fourth air outlet.
2. The ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes control agencies; The first closing mechanism has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the first closing mechanism closes the first air inlet and opens the second air inlet, the first air outlet is connected to the second air inlet, and the first air outlet is blocked from the first air inlet. In the second state, the first closing mechanism closes the second air inlet and opens the first air inlet, the first air outlet is connected to the first air inlet, and the first air outlet is blocked from the second air inlet. The second closing mechanism has a third state and a fourth state. In the third state, the second closing mechanism closes the second air outlet and opens the third air outlet, the third air inlet is connected to the third air outlet, and the third air inlet is blocked from the second air outlet. In the fourth state, the second closing mechanism closes the third air outlet and opens the second air outlet, the third air inlet is connected to the second air outlet, and the third air inlet is blocked from the fourth air outlet. The control mechanism is capable of controlling the first closing mechanism to be in the first state and the second closing mechanism to be in the fourth state, so that the second air outlet is connected to the second air inlet through the fan; the control mechanism is also capable of controlling the first closing mechanism to be in the second state and the second closing mechanism to be in the third state, so that the first air inlet is connected to the third air outlet through the fan.
3. The ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that The first closing mechanism includes a first door panel and a first rotating shaft, wherein the first rotating shaft is fixed to the first door panel and is rotatably connected to the first pipe; The second closing mechanism includes a second door panel and a second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft is fixed to the second door panel, and the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second pipe.
4. The ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that The first duct is a square tube, the first air inlet and the first air outlet constitute two ends of the first duct, the second air inlet is formed by a through hole opened in one side wall of the first duct, and the first door panel is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the first duct via the first rotating shaft; The second pipe is a square pipe, the second air outlet and the third air inlet constitute the two ends of the second pipe, the third air outlet is formed by a through hole opened on one side wall of the second pipe, and the second door panel is connected to the inner wall of the second pipe through the second rotating shaft.
5. The ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that The invention also includes a first control box, a first motor, a second control box and a second motor; the output shaft of the first motor is connected to one of the first rotating shafts, and the first control box is used to control the start and stop of the first motor; The output shaft of the second motor is connected to one of the second rotating shafts, and the second control box is used to control the start and stop of the second motor.
6. A seat, characterized in that: A seat body, an air bag arranged in the seat body, and a ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5; The first air outlet and the second air outlet are connected to the same air bag in the seat body.
7. The seat according to claim 6, characterized in that The first pipe includes a straight pipe, a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion, the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are arranged at both ends of the straight pipe, the first connecting portion is snap-connected to the outer wall of the fan, the second connecting portion is connected to the air bag through a hose, and the second air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the straight pipe; The second pipe includes a first sub-pipe and a second sub-pipe arranged vertically, one end of the first sub-pipe is connected to the fan, the other end of the first sub-pipe is connected to the second sub-pipe, the second sub-pipe is parallel to the straight pipe, and the third air outlet is arranged at an end of the second sub-pipe close to the first sub-pipe, and the third air outlet is connected to the first sub-pipe.
8. The seat according to claim 7, characterized in that The straight tube, the first sub-tube and the second sub-tube are all square tubes, and the cross sections of the first sub-tube and the second sub-tube are consistent.
9. The seat according to claim 7, characterized in that The cross-sectional area of the first air inlet is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the second air inlet; The cross-sectional area of the third air outlet is smaller than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the second sub-tube.
10. An automobile, characterized in that: A seat comprising the seat described in any one of claims 6 to 9.