Vertical top combustion condensation steam boiler

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical top combustion condensation steam boiler which sequentially comprises a water jacket, a combustion chamber and a steam chamber from bottom to top, a combustion head of a combustor penetrates through a central blind pipe of the steam chamber and extends into the combustion chamber, a smoke outlet is formed in the upper side of the combustion chamber, two layers of finned tubes are annularly distributed on the outer circumference of the combustion chamber, and the outer layer of finned tubes and the inner layer of finned tubes are arranged in a staggered mode. The bottoms of the finned tubes are communicated with the water jacket, the tops of the finned tubes are communicated with the steam chamber, flame-retardant pieces are annularly arranged on the outer circumferences of the outer-layer finned tubes, smoke exhaust holes are formed in the flame-retardant pieces and comprise long circular holes formed in the middles and the lower portions of the flame-retardant pieces and small circular holes close to a smoke outlet, the smoke outlet is connected with a smoke inlet of the condenser, and a U-shaped flue is arranged in the condenser. A pressure-bearing condensation section is arranged on the front side of the U-shaped flue, a normal-pressure condensation section is arranged on the rear side of the U-shaped flue, and a condenser smoke outlet is formed in the top of the normal-pressure condensation section. Under the condition that the heat efficiency of the boiler body is improved, the boundary dimension is further reduced, and the low-nitrogen, high-efficiency and energy-saving effects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a steam boiler, in particular to a vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler. Background Art

[0002] The current steam boiler market has enormous potential. However, current steam boilers generally suffer from shortcomings such as large floor space requirements, poor internal design, short flue gas residence time, high exhaust temperatures, high levels of harmful gases in the flue gas, low thermal efficiency, and poor environmental and energy conservation. With the development of the national economy and the increasing public awareness of energy conservation and environmental protection, and to improve living and investment environments, steam boilers must continue to develop towards intensification, energy conservation, and environmental protection. The pursuit of more compact structural designs, simpler installation processes, higher thermal efficiency, and lower harmful emissions through technological improvements is a continuing concern in this field. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved as follows: a vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler comprises a water jacket, a combustion chamber and a steam chamber from bottom to top, the combustion head of the burner passes through the blind pipe in the center of the steam chamber and extends into the combustion chamber, a smoke outlet is provided on the upper side of the combustion chamber, two layers of finned tubes are arranged around the periphery of the combustion chamber, and the outer finned tubes and the inner finned tubes are staggered, the bottom of the finned tubes are connected with the water jacket, and the top is connected with the steam chamber, a flame retardant sheet is provided around the outer periphery of the outer finned tubes, a smoke exhaust hole is provided on the flame retardant sheet, the smoke exhaust hole comprises an oblong hole arranged in the middle and lower parts of the flame retardant sheet and a small circular hole near the smoke outlet, the smoke outlet is connected to the smoke inlet of the condenser, a U-shaped flue is provided in the condenser, a pressure condensation section is provided on the front side of the U-shaped flue, a normal pressure condensation section is provided on the rear side, and a condenser smoke outlet is provided on the top of the normal pressure condensation section.

[0005] In the vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler of the present invention, the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion absorbs heat through the inner layer of finned tubes in the combustion chamber, then undergoes convection heat exchange through the outer layer of finned tubes, and then enters the condenser through the smoke outlet through the smoke outlet holes arranged on the flame retardant sheet. The staggered design of the inner and outer layers of finned tubes, as well as the special design of the smoke exhaust holes on the flame retardant, are more conducive to sufficient heat exchange of the finned tubes, improve thermal efficiency, and save space. At the same time, the U-shaped flue design in the condenser makes the entire condenser structure more compact and saves space. The flue gas passes through the pressure condensation section and the normal pressure condensation section at the most economical flow rate, making the flue gas heat exchange more sufficient and the boiler thermal efficiency higher. Finally, the exhaust temperature of the flue gas at the smoke outlet of the boiler condenser can be reduced to below 60°C, making full use of the flue gas condensation technology, so that the steam boiler has a designed thermal efficiency of up to 103%. In summary, the vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler of the present invention further reduces the external dimensions while improving the thermal efficiency of the main body, achieving the effect of low nitrogen, high efficiency and energy saving.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, multiple rows of straight finned tubes are distributed in parallel in the pressure condensing section. The adjacent rows of straight finned tubes are staggered and the ends are connected to each other through a junction box. The pressure condensing section adopts a staggered arrangement. Compared with the sequential arrangement of the prior art, the heat transfer coefficient is higher and the heat transfer capacity is stronger, which helps to reduce the size, solve the space problem and reduce the cost while achieving the same heat exchange effect.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, multiple rows of serpentine finned tubes are distributed in parallel in the atmospheric pressure condensation section. The multiple rows of serpentine finned tubes are formed in one piece without butt welds and without the need for non-destructive testing.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the straight fin tubes located in the bottom row are connected to the pressure condenser water inlet header, the straight fin tubes located in the top row are connected to the pressure condenser water outlet header, the serpentine fin tubes located in the bottom row are connected to the atmospheric pressure condenser water inlet header, the serpentine fin tubes located in the top row are connected to the atmospheric pressure condenser water outlet header, the atmospheric pressure condenser water inlet header is connected to the low-temperature water tank through a circulating pump, the atmospheric pressure condenser water outlet header is connected to the high-temperature water tank, the high-temperature water tank is connected to the pressure condenser water inlet header through the boiler feed water pump, and the pressure condenser water outlet header is connected to the boiler water inlet to ensure the circulating operation of the boiler steam-water system.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the burner adopts a top-mounted split fan structure, which can effectively solve the thermal damage to the fan caused by the high temperature of the furnace in the integrated machine, thereby extending the service life of the burner and the blower.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the condenser and the split fan are arranged on both sides of the rear part of the boiler body, with a compact and beautiful structure, small dimensions, and a small footprint. They are integrated on the base to form a skid-mounted structure, which simplifies on-site installation and saves work time.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a downcomer is provided around the outer side of the flame retardant sheet, the bottom of the downcomer is connected to the water jacket and the top is connected to the steam chamber, thereby ensuring the reliability of water circulation, making heat exchange smoother and improving the heat exchange effect.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a heat insulating layer is provided outside the downcomer to prevent the high temperature flue gas in the combustion chamber from damaging the water circulation and ensure the density difference between the upper and lower parts.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the flame retardant sheet is an S310 stainless steel flame retardant sheet, and the finned tube adopts stainless steel fins. The stainless steel flame retardant sheet is connected to the adjacent stainless steel fins by butt welding, which is simple and easy, greatly saving production costs. At the same time, it has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, long service life, and no vibration will occur during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of .

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 side view.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a transverse cross-sectional view of the combustion chamber of a vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point K in the middle.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the expansion of the flame retardant sheet of the vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 7 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the pressure-bearing condensing section of the vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 8 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the atmospheric pressure condensing section of the vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler of the present invention.

[0022] Among them, 1 water jacket, 2 combustion chamber, 3 steam chamber, 4 inner finned tube, 5 outer finned tube, 6 flame retardant sheet, 7 smoke exhaust hole, 7A oblong hole, 7B small round hole, 8 condenser, 9 straight finned tube, 10 serpentine finned tube, 11 header, 12 pressure condenser water inlet header, 13 pressure condenser water outlet header, 14 atmospheric pressure condenser water inlet header, 15 atmospheric pressure condenser water outlet header, 16 combustion head, 17 split fan, 18 downcomer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] like Figure 1-6 The vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler shown includes, from bottom to top, a water jacket 1, a combustion chamber 2 and a steam chamber 3.

[0024] The burner's combustion head 16 extends into the combustion chamber 2 through the central blind pipe of the steam chamber 3. Two layers of finned tubes are arranged around the outer periphery of the combustion chamber 2, and the outer finned tubes 5 and the inner finned tubes 4 are staggered. The outer finned tubes 5 and the inner finned tubes 4 are connected to the water jacket 1 at the bottom and the steam chamber 3 at the top. Flame-retardant sheets 6 are arranged around the outer periphery of the outer finned tubes 5. Smoke exhaust holes 7 are provided on the flame-retardant sheets 6. The smoke exhaust holes 7 include oblong holes 7A arranged in the middle and lower parts of the flame-retardant sheets 6 and small circular holes 7B near the smoke outlet. A large-diameter downcomer 18 is arranged around the outer side of the flame-retardant sheets 6. The downcomer 18 is connected to the water jacket 1 at the bottom and the steam chamber 3 at the top, ensuring the reliability of the water circulation, making heat exchange smoother and improving the heat exchange effect. An insulating layer is provided on the outside of the downcomer 18 to prevent the high-temperature flue gas from the combustion chamber 2 from damaging the water circulation and to ensure a density difference between the upper and lower parts. The flame retardant sheet 6 is made of S310 stainless steel flame retardant sheet 6, and the finned tube adopts stainless steel fins. The stainless steel flame retardant sheet 6 is connected to the adjacent stainless steel fins by butt welding, which is simple and easy, greatly saving production costs. At the same time, it has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, long service life, and no vibration during operation.

[0025] A smoke outlet is provided on the upper side of the combustion chamber 2, and the smoke outlet is connected to the smoke inlet of the condenser 8. A U-shaped flue is provided in the condenser 8, and a pressure condensation section is provided on the front side of the U-shaped flue, and a normal pressure condensation section is provided on the back side. The smoke outlet of the condenser 8 is provided on the top of the normal pressure condensation section. There are multiple rows of straight finned tubes 9 distributed in parallel in the pressure condensation section, and the adjacent rows of straight finned tubes 9 are staggered and the ends are connected in pairs through a junction box 11. The pressure condensation section adopts a staggered arrangement. Compared with the sequential arrangement of the prior art, the heat transfer coefficient is higher and the heat transfer capacity is stronger, which helps to reduce the size, solve the space and reduce the cost while achieving the same heat exchange effect. There are multiple rows of serpentine finned tubes 10 distributed in parallel in the normal pressure condensation section. The multiple rows of serpentine finned tubes 10 are formed in one piece, without butt welds, and no non-destructive testing is required.

[0026] The straight fin tubes 9 located in the bottom row are connected to the pressure condenser water inlet header 12, the straight fin tubes 9 located in the top row are connected to the pressure condenser water outlet header 13, the serpentine fin tubes 10 located in the bottom row are connected to the atmospheric pressure condenser water inlet header 14, the serpentine fin tubes 10 located in the top row are connected to the atmospheric pressure condenser water outlet header 15, the atmospheric pressure condenser water inlet header 14 is connected to the low-temperature water tank through a circulation pump, the atmospheric pressure condenser water outlet header 15 is connected to the high-temperature water tank, the high-temperature water tank is connected to the pressure condenser water inlet header 12 through the boiler feed water pump, and the pressure condenser water outlet header 13 is connected to the boiler water inlet to ensure the circulating operation of the boiler steam-water system.

[0027] In this embodiment, the burner utilizes a top-mounted split blower structure, effectively preventing thermal damage to the blower caused by high furnace temperatures in integrated units, thereby extending the service life of the burner and blower. The condenser 8 and split blower 17 are located on either side of the rear of the boiler body, creating a compact and aesthetically pleasing structure with small dimensions and minimal floor space. Furthermore, their integration into the base creates a skid-mounted structure, simplifying on-site installation and saving labor hours.

[0028] The vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler of this embodiment has the following flue gas and medium flow:

[0029] Flue gas flow: fuel → burner → combustion chamber → inner finned tube → outer finned tube → flame retardant sheet → condenser pressure condensing section → condenser normal pressure condensing section → chimney

[0030] Steam-water system: softened feed water → low-temperature water tank → circulating pump → condenser atmospheric pressure condensing section → high-temperature water tank → boiler feed water pump → condenser pressure condensing section → boiler water inlet → boiler body → saturated steam → heat user.

[0031] This vertical, top-fired condensing steam boiler features a top-mounted burner for easy installation and maintenance. Both the combustion chamber and convection heating surface utilize finned-tube straight water pipes, allowing for a large number of heating surfaces within a compact space, significantly reducing the boiler outlet flue gas temperature. The burner utilizes fully premixed, ultra-low nitrogen combustion technology, resulting in a shorter flame and a smaller combustion chamber diameter and length. This eliminates the need for an external flue gas recirculation (FGR) duct, thus reducing the impact of FGR flue gas recirculation on the steam boiler's thermal efficiency. The boiler's combustion chamber utilizes a flame-retardant seal, and the water pipes utilize finned tubes, eliminating the need for bending and simplifying fabrication. A staggered pressure condenser and a sequential atmospheric condenser are integrated at the rear end. The pressure condenser heats water for the boiler, improving boiler efficiency. The atmospheric condenser and water tank circulation system also significantly reduce exhaust gas temperature, resulting in higher boiler efficiency and greater energy efficiency. The burner utilizes a top-mounted, split-fan design, effectively preventing thermal damage to the fan caused by the high combustion chamber temperature, thereby extending the service life of the burner and blower. Since the condenser and blower are arranged on both sides of the rear part of the boiler body, the structure is compact and beautiful, with small dimensions and a small footprint. They can be integrated on the base to form a skid-mounted structure, which is easy to install on site. This greatly reduces the user's initial investment cost, while ensuring that the boiler's thermal efficiency is not affected, greatly improving market competitiveness.

[0032] The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion absorbs heat through the inner finned tubes 4 of the combustion chamber 2, and then passes through the outer finned tubes 5 for convection heat exchange, and then enters the condenser 8 through the smoke outlet through the smoke outlet holes arranged on the flame retardant sheet 6. The staggered design of the inner and outer layers of the finned tubes, as well as the special design of the smoke exhaust holes 7 on the flame retardant, are more conducive to sufficient heat exchange of the finned tubes, improve thermal efficiency, and save space. At the same time, the U-shaped flue design in the condenser 8 makes the entire condenser 8 structure more compact and saves space. The flue gas passes through the pressure condensation section and the normal pressure condensation section at the most economical flow rate, making the flue gas heat exchange more sufficient and the boiler thermal efficiency higher. Finally, the exhaust temperature of the smoke outlet of the boiler condenser 8 can be reduced to below 60°C, making full use of the flue gas condensation technology, making the steam boiler design thermal efficiency as high as 103%.

[0033] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. On the basis of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, technicians in this field can make some substitutions and deformations of some technical features therein according to the disclosed technical content without creative labor, and these substitutions and deformations are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler, comprising, from bottom to top, a water jacket, a combustion chamber, and a steam chamber. The burner head extends into the combustion chamber through a central blind pipe in the steam chamber. A smoke outlet is provided on the upper side of the combustion chamber. The boiler is characterized by: The combustion chamber is ringed with two layers of finned tubes, and the outer finned tubes are staggered with the inner finned tubes. The bottom of the finned tubes is connected to the water jacket, and the top is connected to the steam chamber. The outer circumference of the outer finned tubes is ringed with flame retardant sheets, and smoke exhaust holes are provided on the flame retardant sheets. The smoke exhaust holes include oblong holes arranged in the middle and lower parts of the flame retardant sheets and small circular holes near the smoke outlet. The smoke outlet is connected to the smoke inlet of the condenser. A U-shaped flue is provided in the condenser, and a pressure condensation section is provided on the front side of the U-shaped flue and a normal pressure condensation section is provided on the rear side. The top of the normal pressure condensation section is provided with a condenser smoke outlet.

2. The vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple rows of straight finned tubes are distributed in parallel in the pressure-bearing condensation section. The straight finned tubes in adjacent rows are staggered and their ends are connected in pairs through a header.

3. The vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple rows of serpentine finned tubes are distributed in parallel in the atmospheric pressure condensation section, and the multiple rows of serpentine finned tubes are formed in one piece.

4. The vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straight fin tubes located in the bottom row are connected to the pressure condenser water inlet header, the straight fin tubes located in the top row are connected to the pressure condenser water outlet header, the serpentine fin tubes located in the bottom row are connected to the atmospheric pressure condenser water inlet header, the serpentine fin tubes located in the top row are connected to the atmospheric pressure condenser water outlet header, the atmospheric pressure condenser water inlet header is connected to the low-temperature water tank through a circulating pump, the atmospheric pressure condenser water outlet header is connected to the high-temperature water tank, the high-temperature water tank is connected to the pressure condenser water inlet header through a boiler feed water pump, and the pressure condenser water outlet header is connected to the boiler water inlet.

5. The vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The burner adopts a top-mounted split fan structure.

6. The vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The condenser and the split fan are arranged on both sides of the rear part of the boiler body and are integrated on the base to form a skid-mounted structure.

7. The vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A down pipe is provided around the outer side of the flame retardant sheet. The bottom of the down pipe is communicated with the water jacket, and the top of the down pipe is communicated with the steam chamber.

8. The vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that: A heat insulation layer is provided outside the downcomer.

9. The vertical top-fired condensing steam boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The flame retardant sheet is an S310 stainless steel flame retardant sheet, the finned tube adopts stainless steel fins, and the stainless steel flame retardant sheet is connected to the adjacent stainless steel fins by butt welding.

Images