Self-adaptive switching power supply system based on BMS

Abstract

The utility model provides a self-adaptive switching power supply system based on a BMS (Battery Management System). The self-adaptive switching power supply system comprises a power supply module, a self-adaptive switching unit and the BMS, the power supply module comprises an AC / DC unit and a DC / DC unit. One end of the power supply module is connected with a power supply, and the other end of the power supply module is connected with the adaptive switching unit and the BMS system; and the power supply module selects the AC / DC unit or the DC / DC unit to supply power to the BMS system according to the working state of the self-adaptive switching unit. The BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system provided by the utility model can reduce potential safety hazards, reduce load downtime, avoid data loss, improve the stability and reliability of system operation, and reduce the maintenance cost and management difficulty of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power management, and in particular to a BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries, as a widely used energy storage device, play a key role in numerous scenarios. However, their battery management systems (BMSs) require a stable power supply for proper operation. To extend the life of lithium batteries, external power supplies are the preferred auxiliary power supply for the BMS. Typically, external power supplies are 220VAC, which can meet the BMS's power requirements under most normal operating conditions.

[0003] However, some special application scenarios can complicate power supply situations. For example, in environments with extremely high requirements for power supply continuity, when an external power outage occurs, the lithium battery energy storage system must continue to operate. In this case, power must be directly drawn from the battery as an auxiliary power source to ensure that the BMS can continue to manage the battery properly and maintain the stability of the entire energy storage system.

[0004] However, if the direct power supply from the battery is not promptly disconnected when external power is restored, both power sources will be supplied simultaneously. This situation can lead to a series of serious problems, such as circulating current. Circulating current can heat the circuits, accelerate circuit aging, and even cause safety hazards such as fires. Furthermore, reverse power is a serious issue, as it can damage the power supply equipment and related circuit components in the BMS system, reducing the reliability and stability of the entire system.

[0005] Currently, the main measure to prevent two power supplies from working simultaneously in dual power supply scenarios is to add a mechanical switch and manually control it. However, this method has obvious defects. Manual operation is required to switch the power supply circuit. Manual switching is not only time-consuming, but also increases load downtime due to the inability to respond in time during the switching process. For some equipment and systems with high requirements for power supply continuity, this may cause adverse consequences such as data loss and equipment damage, seriously affecting the normal operation of the system. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an adaptive switching power supply system based on BMS, which can reduce safety hazards, reduce load downtime, avoid data loss, improve the stability and reliability of system operation, and reduce system maintenance costs and management difficulty.

[0007] The technical solution used in the utility model is: an adaptive switching power supply system based on BMS, characterized in that it includes a power supply module, an adaptive switching unit and a BMS system; the power supply module includes an AC / DC unit and a DC / DC unit; one end of the power supply module is connected to a power source, and the other end of the power supply module is connected to the adaptive switching unit and the BMS system; the power supply module selects the AC / DC unit or the DC / DC unit to power the BMS system according to the working state of the adaptive switching unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the power supply includes an AC power supply and a DC power supply. An AC power supply is a power supply device that can provide variable power and frequency to a load. The output voltage and frequency of the AC power supply are adjusted to meet the power supply requirements of different electrical devices. A DC power supply is a power supply device that maintains a stable voltage and current in the circuit. By adjusting the voltage and current, it avoids electrical accidents such as overload and short circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, the adaptive switching unit is a coil relay. A coil relay uses electromagnetic induction to control the on / off switching of a coil, thereby switching contacts and controlling the on / off state of a circuit. When the coil is energized, a magnetic field appears, opening the normally closed auxiliary contact K1. When the coil is de-energized, the magnetic field disappears, closing the normally closed contact K1.

[0010] Furthermore, the power supply module further includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2. The diodes can prevent reverse current from damaging the power supply module and isolate different power sources during circuit switching, thereby improving circuit safety and reliability.

[0011] Furthermore, the coil relay further includes a coil and a switch.

[0012] Furthermore, the first input and second input ends of the AC / DC unit are connected to the AC power supply, the first output end of the AC / DC unit is connected to the anode of the first diode D1, and the second output end of the AC / DC unit is connected to the second input end of the BMS system; the first input and second input ends of the DC / DC unit are connected to the DC power supply, the first output end of the DC / DC unit is connected to the anode of the second diode D2, and the second output end of the DC / DC unit is connected to the second input end of the BMS system; the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the first end of the switch; the second end of the switch and the cathode of the first diode D1 are connected to the first input end of the BMS system; the second output end of the AC / DC unit and the second output end of the DC / DC unit are connected to the second input end of the BMS system; the input end of the coil is connected to the first input end of the AC / DC unit, and the output end of the coil is connected to the second input end of the AC / DC unit.

[0013] Furthermore, the first input terminal of the BMS system is a 24V DC power input terminal.

[0014] Furthermore, the second input terminal of the BMS system is a common ground terminal.

[0015] Furthermore, the AC power supply is a household 220V power grid.

[0016] Furthermore, the DC power supply includes any one of 5V, 12V, 24V and 36V power supplies.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0018] This system can realize the adaptive and rapid switching of the BMS system between 220VAC and lithium battery dual power supplies. Compared with the traditional manual control method of mechanical switches, it does not require human intervention, which greatly shortens the switching time. When the external power supply is cut off, it can quickly draw power from the battery side to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the BMS system and the lithium battery energy storage system. When the external power supply is restored, it can immediately cut off the battery side power supply circuit, effectively avoiding the problems of circulating current and reverse power caused by the simultaneous supply of two power supplies. Therefore, this technical solution not only reduces safety hazards and ensures the safety of equipment and personnel, but also reduces load downtime, avoids data loss and equipment damage caused by power interruptions, improves the stability and reliability of the entire lithium battery energy storage system, and ensures that equipment and systems with high requirements for power supply continuity can continue to work normally. At the same time, it also reduces the mistakes that may occur due to manual operation and reduces the maintenance cost and management difficulty of the system.

[0019] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or will be understood through implementation of the technical solutions of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained through the structures and / or processes specifically pointed out in the description, claims, and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the overall architecture diagram of the BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the power supply module and the adaptive switching unit of the present utility model.

[0022] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0023] 1-power supply module; 2-adaptive switching unit; 3-BMS system; 11-AC / DC unit; 12-DC / DC unit; 13-first diode D1; 14-second diode D2; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will describe the implementation method of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that the implementation process of how the present invention applies technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly. It should be noted that these specific descriptions are only for ordinary technicians in this field to understand the present invention more easily and clearly, and are not a restrictive interpretation of the present invention; for example, the first and second mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a limitation thereto, but are merely for expressing the serial numbers of multiple identical or similar devices and mechanisms. Ordinary technicians in this field can also readjust these serial numbers for the convenience of expression or in the process of organizing technical solutions; and alternative solutions are described for some mechanisms in different embodiments, and these alternatives can also be applied to other identical or similar devices and mechanisms; and as long as there is no conflict, the various embodiments of the present invention and the various features in each embodiment can be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Example

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system, which includes a power supply module 1, an adaptive switching unit 2 and a BMS system 3. Specifically:

[0027] The power supply module 1 includes an AC / DC unit 11 and a DC / DC unit 12 ; one end of the power supply module 1 is connected to a power source, and the other end of the power supply module 1 is connected to an adaptive switching unit 2 and a BMS system 3 .

[0028] The power supply module 1 selects the AC / DC unit 11 or the DC / DC unit 12 to supply power to the BMS system 3 according to the working state of the adaptive switching unit 2 .

[0029] It should be noted that the power supply includes an AC power supply and a DC power supply.

[0030] It is understood that the input interface of the AC / DC unit 11 is connected to an AC power source and can accept a common 220V AC mains supply. The AC / DC unit 11 contains a rectifier circuit that converts AC power to DC power. This rectifier circuit can employ a bridge rectifier structure composed of multiple diodes. Furthermore, a filter capacitor is provided to smooth the rectified voltage and reduce voltage ripple. After these processes, a relatively stable DC voltage, such as 24V, is output, which can be further adjusted as needed. The AC / DC unit 11 also features an overvoltage protection circuit. If the input AC voltage is too high or an anomaly occurs during the conversion process, causing the DC voltage to exceed the normal range (e.g., exceeding 350V), the circuit automatically disconnects the circuit to prevent damage to downstream equipment. Furthermore, an undervoltage protection function is provided. If the input AC voltage is too low, causing the output DC voltage to fall below a certain value (e.g., 250V), the output is also disconnected to ensure power quality.

[0031] It is understood that the DC / DC unit 12 has multiple input interfaces that can connect to DC power sources of different voltage levels, such as 12V, 24V, and 48V. It internally utilizes switching power supply technology, such as a buck converter, a boost converter, or a buck-boost converter combining both. For example, in a buck converter, the output voltage is adjusted by controlling the on and off times of the switching transistors. When the input is a 48V DC power source, it can be converted to a 24V DC voltage suitable for use by the BMS system 3. Furthermore, the DC / DC unit 12 features efficiency optimization circuitry that improves conversion efficiency by adjusting parameters such as switching frequency under varying load conditions. It also has short-circuit protection. In the event of a short circuit at the output, the DC / DC unit 12 immediately stops output, protecting itself and the entire power supply system.

[0032] It should be noted that the adaptive switching unit 2 is a coil relay.

[0033] It is understood that the adaptive switching unit 2 is a coil relay that implements more complex switching logic. For example, the AC / DC unit 11 is preferentially used to power the BMS system 3. When the 220V grid is no longer supplying power to the AC / DC unit 11, the backup DC / DC unit 12 is switched to power the BMS system 3.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the internal structure diagram of the power supply module 1 and the coil relay of this embodiment is shown.

[0035] The power supply module 1 further includes a first diode D1 13 and a second diode D2 14 .

[0036] A coil relay also includes a coil and a switch.

[0037] The first and second input terminals of the AC / DC unit 11 are connected to the AC power supply, the first output terminal of the AC / DC unit 11 is connected to the anode of the first diode D1 13 , and the second output terminal of the AC / DC unit 11 is connected to the second input terminal of the BMS system 3 .

[0038] The first input and second input terminals of the DC / DC unit 12 are connected to a DC power supply, the first output terminal of the DC / DC unit 12 is connected to the anode of the second diode D2 14 , and the second output terminal of the DC / DC unit 12 is connected to the second input terminal of the BMS system 3 .

[0039] The cathode of the second diode D2 14 is connected to the first end of the switch.

[0040] The second end of the switch and the cathode of the first diode D1 13 are connected to the first input terminal of the BMS system 3 .

[0041] A second output terminal of the AC / DC unit 11 and a second output terminal of the DC / DC unit 12 are connected to a second input terminal of the BMS system 3 .

[0042] An input end of the coil is connected to a first input end of the AC / DC unit 11 , and an output end of the coil is connected to a second input end of the AC / DC unit 11 .

[0043] The first input terminal of the BMS system 3 is a 24V DC power input terminal.

[0044] The second input terminal of the BMS system 3 is a common ground terminal.

[0045] The AC power supply is the household 220V power grid.

[0046] The DC power supply includes any of 5V, 12V, 24V and 36V.

[0047] The specific principles are as follows:

[0048] The BMS system 3 is powered by 24VDC. Both power sources are ultimately converted to 24VDC through either the AC / DC unit 11 or the DC / DC unit 12. The two 24VDC sources are connected in parallel to provide the operating power for the BMS system 3. The coil relay operates at 220VAC. Its coil is connected to the AC / DC input, and its normally closed switch contacts are connected to the output of the DC / DC unit 12. When 220VAC is applied to the AC / DC unit 11, the coil energizes, and its normally open auxiliary contact K1 opens. At this point, only the AC / DC unit 11 provides power to the BMS system 3. When the 220VAC is disconnected, the AC / DC unit 11 cannot power the BMS system 3. At this point, the coil is deenergized, the normally closed switch contact K1 closes, and the DC / DC unit 12 provides power to the BMS system 3. This ensures that the two power sources operate independently, preventing circulating current between them. Furthermore, 220VAC is preferred for powering the BMS system 3. Diodes are installed on the 24V+ lines at the output ends of the AC / DC unit 11 and the DC / DC unit 12 as redundant protection in the event of relay failure, thereby increasing the safety and reliability of the circuit.

[0049] It is understood that the first and second input terminals of the AC / DC unit 11 are connected to a 220V household AC power grid. The AC / DC unit 11 converts AC power into DC power. The first output terminal is connected to the anode of the first diode D1 13. The second output terminal is connected to the second input terminal (common ground) of the BMS system 3 and, together with the second output terminal of the DC / DC unit 12, is connected to this common ground. Simultaneously, the coil's input terminal is connected to the first input terminal of the AC / DC unit 11, and its output terminal is connected to the second input terminal. This means that the coil is connected to the AC input of the AC / DC unit 11, and may be powered by an AC power source or have its associated actions controlled by an AC signal.

[0050] It will be appreciated that the first and second input terminals of the DC / DC unit 12 can be connected to any of a 5V, 12V, 24V, or 36V DC power supply. Its first output terminal is connected to the anode of the second diode D2 14, and its second output terminal is connected to the second input terminal (common ground) of the BMS system 3. The cathode of the second diode D2 14 is connected to the first terminal of the switch. This connection arrangement indicates that the output of the DC / DC unit 12 participates in the power supply path of the BMS system 3 through the diode and switch.

[0051] It will be appreciated that the first diode D1 13 and the second diode D2 14 function as unidirectional conductors in the circuit. First diode D1 13 prevents reverse current flow from the BMS system 3 into the AC / DC unit 11, protecting the AC / DC unit 11. Second diode D2 14 ensures that current can only flow from the DC / DC unit 12 in the switching direction when the DC / DC unit 12 is outputting, preventing reverse current from damaging the DC / DC unit 12. It also isolates different power sources during circuit switching and other processes.

[0052] As you can understand, the switch is a key component of the adaptive switching power supply. It works in conjunction with the diode to determine whether the AC / DC unit 11 or the DC / DC unit 12 supplies power to the 24V DC power input of the BMS system 3. When the switch is open, the AC / DC unit 11 supplies power to the BMS system 3; when the switch is closed, the DC / DC unit 12 supplies power to the BMS system 3. This switch is controlled by a coil relay, and its operation depends on the coil being energized.

[0053] It will be appreciated that this power supply system can adapt to different power sources. When powered by a stable 220V AC household power source, the AC / DC unit 11 can operate normally and provide power to the BMS system 3. However, if the AC power source fails or a DC power source is required in certain special circumstances, the DC / DC unit 12 can connect to the appropriate voltage from a 5V, 12V, 24V, or 36V DC power source and, through the coordination of diodes and switches, provide 24V DC power to the BMS system 3. This design increases the flexibility and reliability of the power supply system.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may utilize the above-disclosed practices and technical content to make numerous possible variations and simple substitutions to the present invention's technical solution without departing from the scope of the present invention, and all such variations and substitutions fall within the scope of protection of the present invention's technical solution.

Claims

1. An adaptive switching power supply system based on BMS, characterized in that: It comprises a power supply module (1), an adaptive switching unit (2) and a BMS system (3), wherein: The power supply module (1) includes an AC / DC unit (11) and a DC / DC unit (12); One end of the power supply module (1) is connected to a power source, and the other end of the power supply module (1) is connected to the adaptive switching unit (2) and the BMS system (3); The power supply module (1) selects the AC / DC unit (11) or the DC / DC unit (12) to supply power to the BMS system (3) according to the working state of the adaptive switching unit (2).

2. The BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply includes an AC power supply and a DC power supply.

3. The BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adaptive switching unit (2) is a coil relay.

4. The BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply module (1) further comprises a first diode D1 (13) and a second diode D2 (14).

5. The BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coil relay further includes a coil and a switch.

6. The BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first input terminal and the second input terminal of the AC / DC unit (11) are connected to the AC power supply, the first output terminal of the AC / DC unit (11) is connected to the anode of the first diode D1 (13), and the second output terminal of the AC / DC unit (11) is connected to the second input terminal of the BMS system (3); The first input terminal and the second input terminal of the DC / DC unit (12) are connected to the DC power supply, the first output terminal of the DC / DC unit (12) is connected to the anode of the second diode D2 (14), and the second output terminal of the DC / DC unit (12) is connected to the second input terminal of the BMS system (3); The cathode of the second diode D2 (14) is connected to the first end of the switch; The second end of the switch and the cathode of the first diode D1 (13) are connected to the first input end of the BMS system (3); The second output end of the AC / DC unit (11) and the second output end of the DC / DC unit (12) are connected to the second input end of the BMS system (3); The input end of the coil is connected to the first input end of the AC / DC unit (11), and the output end of the coil is connected to the second input end of the AC / DC unit (11).

7. The BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first input terminal of the BMS system (3) is a 24V DC power input terminal.

8. The BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second input terminal of the BMS system (3) 3 is a common ground terminal.

9. The BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The AC power supply is a household 220V power grid.

10. The BMS-based adaptive switching power supply system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The DC power supply includes any one of 5V, 12V, 24V and 36V power supplies.

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