Fire extinguishing experiment equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides fire extinguishing experiment equipment, which is used for observing a fire extinguishing experiment of a fire extinguishing material on a battery, and comprises a shell, a fire extinguishing material, a fire extinguishing material and a fire extinguishing material, the fire extinguishing material conveying device comprises a storage tank and a conveying pipe, the storage tank is used for storing a fire extinguishing material, the conveying pipe is connected with the shell, the first end of the conveying pipe communicates with the storage tank, and the second end of the conveying pipe communicates with the storage tank; the second end of the conveying pipe is arranged in the cavity and used for spraying a fire extinguishing material to the battery, and the second end is movably arranged relative to the shell so as to adjust the height of the second end relative to the battery. According to the fire extinguishing experiment equipment, the spraying height of the fire extinguishing material in an experiment can be adjusted, and the applicable experiment conditions of the fire extinguishing experiment equipment can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery testing, in particular to fire extinguishing test equipment. Background Art

[0002] Battery fires have become a problem that cannot be ignored in recent years. With the popularity of new energy vehicles, batteries are at risk of thermal runaway when subjected to external impact or during the charging and discharging process. Once a fire occurs, it may cause serious casualties and property losses. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct research on battery fires. Evaluating the effectiveness and application conditions of fire extinguishing technology using fire extinguishing materials plays an important role in enhancing the ability to prevent and control battery fires. There is a fire extinguishing test equipment in the prior art. When using this equipment for experiments, the battery that has caught fire can be located in a cavity of the equipment, and the fire extinguishing material is sprayed into the cavity to extinguish the battery. The existing fire extinguishing test equipment is applicable to relatively few experimental situations, which is not conducive to studying the fire extinguishing effect under different situations. Utility Model Content

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing test device, which is conducive to increasing the experimental conditions to which the fire extinguishing test device can be applied.

[0004] According to the fire extinguishing test equipment of the first embodiment of the present invention, it includes: a shell, a chamber is provided in the shell, and the chamber is used to place a battery; a fire extinguishing material conveying device, the fire extinguishing material conveying device includes a storage tank and a conveying pipe, the storage tank is used to store fire extinguishing material, the conveying pipe is connected to the shell, the first end of the conveying pipe is communicated with the storage tank, the second end of the conveying pipe is arranged in the chamber and is used to spray fire extinguishing material on the battery, and the second end is movably arranged relative to the shell to adjust the height of the second end relative to the battery.

[0005] The fire extinguishing test equipment according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: by arranging the second end of the delivery pipe and the shell to slide movably, the length of the delivery pipe in the chamber can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the height of the second end of the delivery pipe, so that the height of the fire extinguishing material when it is sprayed from the second end of the delivery pipe is adjusted, thereby adapting to experiments in more different situations.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fire extinguishing test equipment includes a sensor and a cable. The sensor is arranged in the chamber, one end of the cable is connected to the sensor, a wiring port is opened on the shell, and the cable is passed through the wiring port.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fire extinguishing test equipment includes a bracket device, which is arranged in the chamber. The bracket device includes a vertical rod and multiple cross rods. The vertical rod is arranged vertically, and the cross rod is arranged horizontally. The cross rod is detachably connected to the vertical rod, and multiple cross rods are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a slide rail is fixedly provided on the cross bar, the slide rail is arranged in a vertical direction, and the second end of the conveying pipe is slidably connected to the slide rail.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fire extinguishing test equipment includes a sensor and a cable, the sensor is arranged in the chamber, one end of the cable is connected to the sensor, and the sensor is arranged on the cross bar; the cable is wrapped around the cross bar; or, the interior of the cross bar is hollow, and the cable is arranged inside the cross bar.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a hook is provided in the chamber, and the hook is provided on a side wall in the chamber, and the hook is used to fix the cable of the sensor.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the delivery pipe includes a hose and a hard pipe that are interconnected, the first end is arranged on the hose, the second end is arranged on the hard pipe, and the hard pipe is slidably connected to the shell.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fire extinguishing test equipment also includes a supporting device, which includes a frame, a pulley and a brake member. The frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell, the pulley is arranged at the bottom of the frame, and the brake member is used to brake the pulley.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an explosion relief mechanism is provided on the shell, and the explosion relief mechanism is used to relieve pressure in the chamber.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an observation window is further provided on the housing.

[0015] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and will become apparent from the following description or learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front structural diagram of a fire extinguishing test device of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of a fire extinguishing test device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a perspective structural diagram of a shell of a fire extinguishing test device of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bracket device for fire extinguishing experimental equipment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 The utility model is a structural schematic diagram of a bracket device including a slide rail of a fire extinguishing test equipment.

[0021] Figure Number:

[0022] 1. Shell; 11. Chamber; 12. Observation window; 13. Explosion venting mechanism; 14. Wiring port; 15. Door; 2. Fire extinguishing material delivery device; 21. Storage tank; 22. Delivery pipe; 3. Support device; 31. Crossbar; 32. Vertical bar; 33. Slide rail; 4. Hook; 5. Support device; 51. Frame; 52. Pulley; 53. Brake; 6. Battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, "a plurality" means more than two. The use of "first" or "second" is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, or implicitly indicating the order of the technical features indicated.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0027] Battery fires primarily occur due to short circuits, overcharging or over-discharging, external heat sources, electrolyte leakage, manufacturing process defects, and improper use. A battery short circuit can be caused by internal material defects, puncture by external metal objects, or improper battery design. Direct contact between the positive and negative terminals rapidly generates significant heat, which can lead to a fire. Charging a battery beyond its design limits or discharging it too low can cause unstable reactions within the battery. This unstable chemical process can lead to heat accumulation and ultimately cause a fire. Exposing a battery to high temperatures, such as direct sunlight or near a heat source, can rapidly increase its internal temperature. High temperatures can accelerate chemical reactions and cause a fire. The electrolyte in the battery is flammable. If the battery casing is cracked or poorly sealed, the electrolyte can leak and come into contact with oxygen in the air, causing a fire. Process defects such as impurities and poor soldering can occur during battery manufacturing. These issues can pose safety risks during use. Improper battery handling or misuse by the user can also cause a fire. For example, using an incompatible charger to charge, placing the battery in a humid or corrosive environment, or discarding used batteries at will may cause a fire. Therefore, it is very important to extinguish a battery fire.

[0028] Liquid nitrogen, a scientific and effective fire extinguishing method, is used in battery fire control based on the following principles: Powerful cooling mechanism: The extremely low temperature of liquid nitrogen allows it to efficiently absorb heat upon contact with batteries. This powerful cooling capacity rapidly reduces the battery temperature, effectively preventing runaway chemical reactions within the battery, and thus effectively curbing the rapid spread of the fire. Isolation of the combustion environment: Nitrogen is a non-combustible gas. The nitrogen layer formed upon evaporation acts as a firewall, effectively isolating the fire source from oxygen in the air, preventing the fire from continuing to burn at the source and ensuring reliable fire extinguishing effectiveness. Environmentally friendly and harmless: Liquid nitrogen and nitrogen gas are harmless components of the natural environment. Using them for fire extinguishing does not produce harmful chemical residues, providing more comprehensive protection for the surrounding environment and equipment, and ensuring the environmental friendliness and safety of the fire extinguishing process. Rapid response tactics: The liquid nitrogen fire extinguishing system is well-designed and features a fast spraying speed, capable of quickly covering a large area with nitrogen. This rapid response capability provides timely and effective firefighting in emergency situations requiring immediate fire control, such as sudden thermal events in batteries. Therefore, it is important to study the fire extinguishing effect of liquid nitrogen on batteries under different conditions. In the embodiments described below, the fire extinguishing material can be set as liquid nitrogen, or can be set as other types of fire extinguishing agents such as foam, dry powder, etc.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3The fire extinguishing test equipment in the first embodiment of the present invention is used to observe the fire extinguishing test of the battery 6 by the fire extinguishing material, and includes: a shell 1 and a fire extinguishing material conveying device 2, wherein the shell 1 is provided with a chamber 11

[12] , the battery 6 is placed in the chamber 11, and the shell 1 is also provided with an observation window 12, the observation window 12 is used to observe the inside of the chamber 11; the fire extinguishing material conveying device 2 includes a storage tank 21 and a delivery pipe 22, wherein the delivery pipe 22 can be selected from 304 stainless steel hoses, the storage tank 21 is used to store fire extinguishing materials, the first end of the delivery pipe 22 is connected to the storage tank 21, and the second end of the delivery pipe 22 is also provided in the chamber 11, and is used to spray the fire extinguishing material on the battery 6, and the delivery pipe 22 is slidably connected to the shell 1 to adjust the height of the second end of the delivery pipe 22 relative to the battery 6. On the other hand, the delivery tube 22 can also be configured as a retractable pipe at one end, and the second end of the delivery tube 22 can be configured as a retractable end. In this case, the delivery tube 22 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the second end of the delivery tube 22 can still be adjusted in height relative to the battery 6 by retracting. During the experiment, the battery 6 was placed in the chamber 11. Specifically, a door 15 was provided on the side of the housing 1. The door 15 on the housing 1 can be opened and closed. When the door 15 is opened, the battery 6 can enter the chamber 11 through the door 15. After the battery 6 is placed in the chamber 11, the door 15 is closed. The door 15 is configured as a double-door 15 structure including a left door 15 and a right door 15, and a door handle is provided on each door 15. The double-door 15 can increase the area of ​​the opening when the door 15 is opened, making it easier for the battery 6 to enter the chamber 11 through the opening. The double-door 15 also reduces the space occupied by the door 15 when it is opened and rotated outward. The provision of a handle on door 15 makes it easier to open door 15. A placement table can also be provided within chamber 11. When placing battery 6 within chamber 11, the battery 6 is placed on the placement table to prevent direct contact between battery 6 and housing 1, thereby protecting housing 1 and extending its service life. After battery 6 is placed within chamber 11 and burned therein, fire extinguishing material from storage tank 21 is sprayed onto battery 6 within chamber 11 using delivery pipe 22. Specifically, a through hole is provided in the top of housing 1, through which delivery pipe 22 passes through housing 1, with the second end of delivery pipe 22 entering chamber 11. As delivery pipe 22 passes through housing 1 through the through hole, friction forces are applied to the delivery pipe 22 within the through hole, causing it to engage and secure within the through hole. Furthermore, a clamping plate can be provided to clamp delivery pipe 22 after the height of delivery pipe 22 is adjusted. This further secures delivery pipe 22 relative to housing 1.At this point, under the influence of gravity, the delivery tube 22 extends vertically downward within the chamber 11. The delivery tube 22 slides relative to the housing 1. This allows the delivery tube 22 to slide within the through-hole to adjust its length within the chamber 11, thereby adjusting the height of the second end of the delivery tube 22, and thus the height of the fire extinguishing material spray. Different fire extinguishing material spray heights were used in different experiments, and observations were made through the observation window 12. The observation window 12 was constructed of tempered glass. Liquid nitrogen was used as the fire extinguishing material due to its excellent fire extinguishing properties.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a sensor is provided in the chamber 11, and a wiring port 14 is provided on the shell 1, through which the cable of the sensor passes. The sensor is provided to detect various data inside the chamber 11. Specific sensors include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, pressure sensors, and fire extinguishing material flow detection sensors, etc. It is possible to achieve real-time monitoring of the entire process of studying the fire extinguishing effect of different fire extinguishing material spray heights on the thermal runaway of the battery 6 and accurately record test data such as temperature, pressure, and flow during the test, thereby improving the accuracy of the test results. After the sensor detects the experimental data inside the chamber 11, the data is first transmitted to the outside of the chamber 11. Multiple wiring ports 14 can be provided on the shell 1. When no cable passes through the wiring port 14, the wiring port 14 is blocked by providing a plug to ensure the airtightness of the chamber 11.

[0031] Reference Figure 4 A support device 3 is disposed within the housing 1. The support device 3 includes a vertical rod 32 and multiple horizontal rods 31. The vertical rod 32 is disposed vertically, and the horizontal rods 31 are disposed horizontally. The horizontal rods 31 are detachably connected to the vertical rods 32, and the multiple horizontal rods 31 are arranged in a vertical direction. Specifically, the vertical rod 32 is vertically disposed at the bottom of the chamber 11, and horizontal rods 31 of different heights are disposed on the vertical rods 32. The horizontal rods 31 are used as reference points when adjusting the spray height of the fire extinguishing material. That is, the horizontal rods 31 are set in advance at the height required for the experiment. When adjusting the spray height of the fire extinguishing material, the second end of the delivery tube 22 is aligned with one of the horizontal rods 31. The alignment can be observed through the observation window 12 during adjustment. When the cross bar 31 is set on the cross bar 31, the cross bar 31 is detachably installed on the vertical bar 32 through the buckle. When the height of the cross bar 31 needs to be adjusted, the buckle is opened and the cross bar 31 can move along the vertical bar 32. After the height adjustment of the cross bar 31 is completed, the cross bar 31 is fixed to the vertical bar 32 using the buckle.

[0032] Reference Figure 5A slide rail 33 is fixedly mounted on the crossbar 31. The slide rail 33 is arranged in a vertical direction, and the second end of the delivery tube 22 is slidably connected to the slide rail 33. To ensure greater stability when spraying fire extinguishing material from the delivery tube 22 and prevent shaking of the second end of the delivery tube 22, the fire extinguishing material can be sprayed more accurately at the designated location. The slide rail 33 is provided so that the second end of the delivery tube 22 can only slide along the slide rail 33. The second end of the delivery tube 22 can slide on the slide rail 33 by adjusting the length of the delivery tube 22 within the chamber 11.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a sensor is provided in the chamber 11. The sensor is provided on a crossbar 31. The crossbar 31 is a hollow pipe, and the cable of the sensor is provided inside the hollow pipe. The height of the crossbar 31 in the chamber 11 can be adjusted, and the range it occupies is also relatively large. Therefore, by providing the sensor on the crossbar 31, the sensor can be provided at a more suitable position for detection, thereby obtaining more accurate data. In order to prevent the battery 6 from damaging the sensor cable during combustion and to prevent the sensor cable from blocking the line of sight, the sensor cable is provided in a hollow pipe, and the crossbar 31 provides a certain degree of protection and storage for the cable.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a hook 4 is provided within chamber 11 for securing the sensor cables. To prevent wiring clutter within chamber 11 or interference with observation of experimental results, hook 4 is provided within chamber 11 and used to secure the cables to the wall of chamber 11, thereby preventing clutter in the sensor cables.

[0035] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the delivery pipe 22 includes a hose and a hard pipe that are interconnected, with a first end disposed on the hose and a second end disposed on the hard pipe, and the hard pipe is slidably connected to the housing 1. The delivery pipe 22 is configured as a hose portion and a hard pipe portion, and the hose portion is disposed outside the chamber 11 and connected to the storage tank 21, making the delivery pipe 22 more convenient when bending. The use of a hard pipe for sliding connection with the housing 1 not only prevents the recoil force of the fire extinguishing material from shaking the delivery pipe 22 when the fire extinguishing material is sprayed, thereby making the spraying direction of the fire extinguishing material more accurate, but also makes it easier to adjust the spraying angle of the fire extinguishing material, that is, it is easier to adjust the length of the delivery pipe 22 in the chamber 11.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fire extinguishing test equipment further comprises a support device 5, the support device 5 comprising a frame 51, a pulley 52 and a brake member 53, the frame 51 being fixedly connected to the housing 1, the pulley 52 being arranged at the bottom of the frame 51, and the brake member 53 being used to stop the pulley 52 when the support device 5 stops moving. In order to allow the experimenter to more conveniently observe the situation inside the chamber 11 through the observation window 12, the frame 51 is used to support the entire box body so that the observation window 12 is located at a height that is convenient for observation. Specifically, the height of the frame 51 is set to 0.6 meters to 1 meter. After the height of the housing 1 is raised, it is more in line with ergonomics and convenient for observing the experimental situation. A pulley 52 is provided below the frame 51, and the pulley 52 can be a universal wheel, which can more conveniently drive the entire device to move, and after the entire device is placed in a suitable position, it is fixed by the brake member 53 to prevent it from continuing to slide directly. Furthermore, a height-adjustable frame 51 may be provided. By adjusting the height of the frame 51 , the height of the housing 1 can be changed, so that an observer can more conveniently observe the situation inside the chamber 11 through the observation window 12 .

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an explosion relief mechanism 13 is provided on the shell 1, and the explosion relief mechanism 13 is used to relieve pressure in the chamber 11. The explosion relief mechanism 13 is a safety device, wherein when the battery 6 is burning, the battery 6 may explode, thereby causing the pressure in the chamber 11 to increase instantly, and the explosion relief mechanism 13 can reduce the impact of the explosion on the surrounding environment and equipment. Through the pressure relief effect of the explosion relief mechanism 13, the high-pressure gas inside the equipment can be quickly discharged into the atmosphere, reducing the pressure inside the equipment, thereby reducing equipment damage and casualties caused by excessive pressure. The specific explosion relief mechanism 13 is a door 15 that can be opened and closed on the shell 1. When the pressure in the chamber 11 increases to a certain degree, the explosion relief mechanism 13 will open to reduce the pressure in the chamber 11. When the pressure in the chamber 11 is within a certain range, the explosion relief mechanism 13 is in a closed state to ensure the airtightness of the chamber 11. Liquid nitrogen itself does not explode. It is a colorless, tasteless, and odorless liquid with an extremely low boiling point of -196°C at normal pressure. At room temperature and pressure, liquid nitrogen is a very safe substance. However, liquid nitrogen is used to extinguish the high-temperature burning battery 6 in a relatively closed chamber 11. The large amount of nitrogen produced by rapid evaporation may cause pressure to rise, thereby triggering a physical explosion. Therefore, the provision of an explosion-proof vent can prevent the rapid increase in pressure inside the chamber 11 caused by the rapid evaporation of liquid nitrogen after being exposed to high temperatures. That is, when the pressure inside the chamber 11 rises rapidly due to the rapid evaporation of liquid nitrogen, the explosion vent mechanism 13 opens to reduce the pressure inside the chamber 11.

[0038] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a nozzle is provided at the second end of the delivery pipe 22 for dispensing the fire extinguishing material. When the fire extinguishing material is dispensed from the second end of the delivery pipe 22, the direction and shape of the dispensed material cannot be controlled. By providing a nozzle, the direction and shape of the dispensed material can be controlled.

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing test equipment, characterized in that: include: A housing having a chamber therein for accommodating a battery; A fire extinguishing material delivery device, the fire extinguishing material delivery device comprising a storage tank and a delivery pipe, the storage tank being used to store fire extinguishing materials, the delivery pipe being connected to the shell, the first end of the delivery pipe being in communication with the storage tank, the second end of the delivery pipe being arranged in the chamber and being used to spray fire extinguishing materials on the battery, the second end being movable relative to the shell and the delivery pipe being slidably connected to the shell, the delivery pipe being able to slide relative to the shell to adjust the height of the second end relative to the battery[11].

2. The fire extinguishing test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing test equipment includes a sensor and a cable. The sensor is arranged in the chamber. One end of the cable is connected to the sensor. A wiring port is provided on the shell, and the cable is passed through the wiring port.

3. The fire extinguishing test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing test equipment includes a bracket device, which is arranged in the chamber. The bracket device includes a vertical rod and multiple cross rods. The vertical rod is arranged vertically, and the cross rod is arranged horizontally. The cross rod is detachably connected to the vertical rod, and multiple cross rods are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction.

4. The fire extinguishing test equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A slide rail is fixedly provided on the cross bar, and the slide rail is arranged in a vertical direction. The second end of the conveying pipe is slidably connected to the slide rail.

5. The fire extinguishing test equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing test equipment includes a sensor and a cable, the sensor is arranged in the chamber, one end of the cable is connected to the sensor, and the sensor is arranged on the crossbar; The cables are wound around the crossbar; or the crossbar is hollow and the cables are arranged inside the crossbar.

6. The fire extinguishing test equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A hook is provided in the chamber, and the hook is provided on a side wall in the chamber. The hook is used to fix the cable of the sensor.

7. The fire extinguishing test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The delivery pipe includes a hose and a hard pipe that are interconnected. The first end is arranged on the hose, and the second end is arranged on the hard pipe. The hard pipe is slidably connected to the shell.

8. The fire extinguishing test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing test equipment also includes a supporting device, which includes a frame, a pulley and a brake member. The frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell, the pulley is arranged at the bottom of the frame, and the brake member is used to brake the pulley.

9. The fire extinguishing test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is provided with an explosion relief mechanism, which is used to relieve pressure in the chamber.

10. The fire extinguishing test equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is also provided with an observation window.

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