Mechanical main shaft for drilling and tapping machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of main shafts of drilling and tapping machines, in particular to a mechanical main shaft for a drilling and tapping machine, which comprises a main shaft body, the main shaft body comprises a main shaft head, a front-end bearing is sleeved on the lower portion of the outer side of the main shaft head, and a rear-end bearing sleeved on the outer side of the main shaft head is arranged above the front-end bearing. The main shaft body is provided with no bearing outer sleeve design, the diameter of the main shaft body is reduced, the problem that the strength of the main shaft head of the drilling and tapping machine is reduced due to the compact design of the structure is solved, and the main shaft head is small in size, low in cost and convenient to use. The rigidity of the main shaft is amplified, the machining rigidity is improved, and the machining performance of a machine tool is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of drilling and tapping machine spindles, in particular to a mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine. Background Art

[0002] The spindle is the component on the machine tool that drives the tool to rotate for cutting processing. It transmits motion and torque during the processing and is the power output component of the cutting process. It is a key component in the machining center. The quality of its structure has a great impact on the performance of the machining center.

[0003] In a drilling and tapping machine, the drilling and tapping machine spindle is assembled on the machine tool. When the spindle works for a long time, the spindle rotates at high speed. The strength of the existing drilling and tapping machine spindle is not enough, which can easily cause the internal structure of the spindle to change, thereby affecting the improvement of processing performance.

[0004] For example, on March 30, 2016, a patent with the publication number CN205110821U, entitled "A Drilling Machine Spindle and Drilling Machine," was published. The drilling machine spindle includes a housing, a shaft core, a first bearing, a second bearing, and a coupling. The front end of the shaft core passes through the housing. The first bearing and the second bearing are respectively located at the two ends inside the housing and are sleeved on the shaft core. The first bearing is close to the front end of the shaft core. A bearing seat is provided at the second bearing. The bearing seat is connected to the end of the housing. A precision fastener for sealing the second bearing is connected to the bearing seat, thereby effectively sealing the second bearing. On the one hand, the stability of the second bearing is improved, and the second bearing is prevented from moving and affecting the processing accuracy. On the other hand, the sealing of the drilling machine spindle is improved. The applicant found that when a shell such as a jacket is provided outside the bearing of the spindle, the strength of the drilling and tapping spindle head is reduced due to its compact structural design. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine to solve the problem of reduced strength of the drilling and tapping spindle head due to its compact structure.

[0006] Based on the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine, including a spindle body, the spindle body including a spindle head, a front end bearing is provided on the lower outer side of the spindle head, a rear end bearing is provided above the front end bearing and is sleeved on the outer side of the spindle head, an inner spacer sleeve is provided between the rear end bearing and the front end bearing and is sleeved on the outer side of the spindle head, an outer spacer sleeve is provided on the outer side of the inner spacer sleeve, and the outer diameter of the outer spacer sleeve is not larger than the outer diameter of the front end bearing.

[0007] Optionally, a locking nut is provided on the upper end of the rear end bearing and is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft head.

[0008] Optionally, a circular inner washer is provided between the rear end bearing and the locking nut and is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft head. A circular outer washer is provided on the outer sleeve of the circular inner washer, and a bearing outer washer is provided on the upper end of the circular outer washer.

[0009] Optionally, a bearing washer is provided at the lower end of the front end bearing and is sleeved on the outside of the main shaft head.

[0010] Optionally, a flange cover located below the front end bearing is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the spindle head, the bearing washer is located between the flange cover and the front end bearing, and an O-ring located outside the bearing washer is provided on the upper end of the flange cover.

[0011] Optionally, an air curtain retaining ring is provided at the lower end of the flange cover, and an air blowing seal is provided on the outer side of the air curtain retaining ring and is located on the lower end surface of the flange cover.

[0012] Optionally, an axial cavity running through from top to bottom is provided in the spindle head, a broaching rod is provided in the axial cavity, a tool clamping groove is provided at the lower end of the tool broaching rod, a through hole connected to the tool clamping groove is provided on the side wall of the tool broaching rod, a steel ball is accommodated in the through hole, the diameter of the steel ball is greater than the length of the through hole, and a receiving groove coaxially connected to the axial cavity is provided at the lower end of the spindle head, the diameter of the receiving groove is greater than the inner diameter of the axial cavity.

[0013] Optionally, a tool loosening hole passing through the axial cavity is provided on the main spindle head, and the tool loosening hole is a vertical long strip. A tool pulling rod head is provided in the axial cavity, and a tool loosening rod passing through and extending out of the tool loosening hole is connected to the tool pulling rod head. A matching groove for accommodating the upper end of the tool pulling rod body is provided at the lower end of the tool pulling rod head, and a strong spring located in the axial cavity is provided on the outer side of the tool pulling rod body. The upper and lower ends of the strong spring are respectively connected to the lower end of the tool pulling rod head and the axial cavity.

[0014] Optionally, annular retaining rings are provided at both ends of the through hole.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model provides a mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine. The spindle body is designed without a bearing jacket, the diameter is reduced, the volume is small, the rigidity of the spindle is magnified, the processing rigidity is improved, and the processing performance of the machine tool is improved. In addition, the specifications of the front-end bearing are one size larger than those of the rear-end bearing, and the rigidity of the spindle is increased accordingly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the main shaft body of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the AA section;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main shaft body of the utility model when viewed from above;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the spindle body and the tool loosening arm of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. Spindle body; 2. Spindle head; 3. Loosening tool rod; 4. Pulling tool rod head; 5. Pulling tool rod body; 6. Power spring; 7. Locking nut; 8. Ring inner washer; 9. Bearing outer washer; 10. Ring outer washer; 11. Rear end bearing; 12. Outer spacer; 13. Inner spacer; 14. Front end bearing; 15. Bearing washer; 16. Air curtain retaining ring; 17. Blowing cover; 18. Flange cover; 19. Steel ball; 20. Loosening tool hole; 21. Loosening tool arm; 22. O-ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present invention should have the usual meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine includes a spindle body 1, the spindle body 1 includes a spindle head 2, a front end bearing 14 is provided on the lower outer side of the spindle head 2, a rear end bearing 11 is provided above the front end bearing 14 and is sleeved on the outer side of the spindle head 2, an inner spacer 13 is provided between the rear end bearing 11 and the front end bearing 14 and is sleeved on the outer side of the spindle head 2, an outer spacer 12 is provided on the outer side of the inner spacer 13, and the outer diameter of the outer spacer 12 is not greater than the outer diameter of the front end bearing 14.

[0026] The spindle body 1 is designed without a bearing sleeve and has a reduced diameter, which solves the problem of reduced strength of the drilling and tapping machine spindle head 2 due to its compact structure. The small size amplifies the rigidity of the spindle, improves the processing rigidity, and improves the processing performance of the machine tool.

[0027] The specification of the front end bearing 14 is one size larger than that of the rear end bearing 11, and the rigidity of the main shaft is increased accordingly.

[0028] A locking nut 7 sleeved on the outside of the spindle head 2 is provided at the upper end of the rear end bearing 11 , and the locking nut 7 is used to seal the rear end bearing 11 .

[0029] A circular inner washer 8 is provided between the rear end bearing 11 and the locking nut 7 and is sleeved on the outside of the spindle head 2. A circular outer washer 10 is provided on the outer sleeve of the circular inner washer 8. A bearing outer washer 9 is provided on the upper end of the circular outer washer 10, which improves the sealing of the rear end bearing 11.

[0030] A bearing washer 15 is provided at the lower end of the front end bearing 14 and sleeved on the outside of the spindle head 2 , thereby improving the sealing performance of the front end bearing 14 .

[0031] A flange cover 18 is sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the spindle head 2 and is located below the front end bearing 14 . The bearing washer 15 is located between the flange cover 18 and the front end bearing 14 . An O-ring 22 is provided on the upper end of the flange cover 18 and is located outside the bearing washer 15 .

[0032] An air curtain retaining ring 16 is provided at the lower end of the flange cover 18 , and an air blowing seal 17 located at the lower end surface of the flange cover 18 is provided outside the air curtain retaining ring 16 .

[0033] The spindle head 2 is provided with an axial cavity that passes through from top to bottom, and a broaching rod body 5 is provided in the axial cavity. A tool clamping groove is provided at the lower end of the tool clamping groove, and a through hole connected to the tool clamping groove is provided on the side wall of the tool clamping groove. The through hole accommodates a steel ball 19, and the diameter of the steel ball 19 is greater than the length of the through hole. The lower end of the spindle head 2 is provided with a receiving groove that is coaxially connected to the axial cavity, and the upper part of the receiving groove is a tapered part, and the tapered part is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The diameter of the receiving groove is greater than the inner diameter of the axial cavity, and the tool clamping groove The inner part is used to accommodate the upper part of the tool clamped by the main shaft body 1. The side wall of the upper part of the tool is provided with a groove that cooperates with the steel ball 19. The upper part of the tool is extended into the tool clamping groove. The steel balls 19 are located on both sides of the groove. The broaching rod 5 is moved upward. When the steel balls 19 on the broaching rod 5 move upward, the inner diameter of the shaft cavity is smaller than the inner diameter of the accommodating groove. The steel balls 19 move toward the center axis of the tool clamping groove due to the small inner diameter of the shaft cavity. The steel balls 19 enter the groove and drive the tool to move upward during the movement on the steel balls 19. At the same time, the steel balls 19 squeeze the tool.

[0034] The spindle head 2 is provided with a tool loosening hole 20 passing through the axial cavity, and the tool loosening hole 20 is a vertical long strip. A tool pulling rod head 4 is provided in the axial cavity, and the tool pulling rod head 4 is connected to a tool loosening rod 3 passing through and extending out of the tool loosening hole 20. The lower end of the tool pulling rod head 4 is provided with a matching groove for accommodating the upper end of the tool pulling rod body 5. The outer side of the tool pulling rod body 5 is provided with a strong spring 6 located in the axial cavity. The upper and lower ends of the strong spring 6 are respectively connected to the lower end of the tool pulling rod head 4 and the axial cavity, so as to improve the control of the tool loosening rod 3 to move up and down, drive the tool pulling rod head 4 to move up and down, facilitate the clamping and loosening of the tool, have a simple structure, reliable clamping, easy replacement, and reduced cost.

[0035] When the tool clamped by the spindle body 1 needs to be loosened, a tool loosening arm 21 is provided above the tool loosening rod 3 and is located on the outside of the spindle head 2. The tool loosening arm 21 can be set on the machine tool or the spindle head 2 to control the tool loosening arm 21 to swing downward and press the tool loosening rod 3. The tool loosening arm 21 is in contact with the pressing tool loosening rod 3 to compress the strong spring 6, and the tool pulling rod head 4 and the tool pulling rod body 5 move downward, driving the tool to move downward. At the same time, the steel ball 19 moves downward and a part of the steel ball 19 enters the accommodating groove. As the outer diameter of the outer circle increases, the steel ball 19 retreats to loosen the tool.

[0036] When the tool needs to be clamped, the upper end of the tool release arm 21 is lifted, and the tool pulling rod 5 moves upward under the force of the strong spring 6. When the steel ball 19 in the tool pulling rod 5 moves upward, it moves inward due to the reduction of the outer circle diameter and drives the tool to move upward until the steel ball 19 squeezes the tool. Under the pulling force of the strong spring 6, the tool is clamped, and the spindle body 1 can drive the tool for processing.

[0037] Annular retaining rings are provided at both ends of the through hole, and the provision of the annular retaining rings facilitates preventing the steel ball 19 from escaping from the through hole.

[0038] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present invention is limited to these examples. Within the scope of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the present invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0039] The embodiments of the present invention are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine, comprising a spindle body, characterized in that: The spindle body includes a spindle head, a front end bearing is provided on the lower outer side of the spindle head, a rear end bearing is provided above the front end bearing and is provided on the outer side of the spindle head, an inner spacer sleeve is provided between the rear end bearing and the front end bearing and is provided on the outer side of the spindle head, an outer spacer sleeve is provided on the outer side of the inner spacer sleeve, and the outer diameter of the outer spacer sleeve is not larger than the outer diameter of the front end bearing.

2. The mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the rear end bearing is provided with a locking nut sleeved on the outside of the main shaft head.

3. The mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A circular inner washer sleeved on the outside of the spindle head is provided between the rear end bearing and the locking nut, a circular outer washer is provided on the outer surface of the circular inner washer, and a bearing outer washer is provided on the upper end of the circular outer washer.

4. The mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing washer sleeved on the outside of the spindle head is provided at the lower end of the front end bearing.

5. The mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer side of the lower end of the spindle head is provided with a flange cover located below the front end bearing, the bearing washer is located between the flange cover and the front end bearing, and the upper end of the flange cover is provided with an O-ring located outside the bearing washer.

6. The mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: An air curtain retaining ring is provided at the lower end of the flange cover, and an air blowing seal is provided on the outer side of the air curtain retaining ring and is located on the lower end surface of the flange cover.

7. The mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An axial cavity that passes through from top to bottom is provided in the main spindle head, a broaching rod is provided in the axial cavity, a tool clamping groove is provided at the lower end of the broaching rod, a through hole connected to the tool clamping groove is provided on the side wall of the broaching rod, a steel ball is accommodated in the through hole, the diameter of the steel ball is greater than the length of the through hole, and a receiving groove coaxially connected to the axial cavity is provided at the lower end of the main spindle head, the diameter of the receiving groove is greater than the inner diameter of the axial cavity.

8. The mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spindle head is provided with a tool loosening hole which passes through the axial cavity. The tool loosening hole is a vertical strip. A tool pulling rod head is provided in the axial cavity. A tool loosening rod which passes through and extends out of the tool loosening hole is connected to the tool pulling rod head. A matching groove for accommodating the upper end of the tool pulling rod body is provided at the lower end of the tool pulling rod head. A strong spring located in the axial cavity is sleeved on the outer side of the tool pulling rod body. The upper and lower ends of the strong spring are respectively connected to the lower end of the tool pulling rod head and the axial cavity.

9. The mechanical spindle for a drilling and tapping machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: Annular retaining rings are provided at both ends of the through hole.

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