Emergency guarantee system for master control room of nuclear power plant

Abstract

The utility model discloses an emergency guarantee system for a master control room of a nuclear power plant. The emergency guarantee system comprises a compressed air storage adjusting device, an air circulation filtering cooling device and a pressure relief device. The emergency guarantee system for the main control room of the nuclear power plant adopts compressed air as a power source, the compressed air can be stored through the compressed air storage adjusting device, when the system operates, the pressure of the compressed air can be adjusted within a required range, and certain negative pressure is generated by adopting the air ejector; and inducing exhaust of the nuclear power plant master control room to enter a circulating pipeline for filtering and cooling. Meanwhile, cold storage water is adopted as a hot trap, and when an alternating-current power supply of the nuclear power plant loses, the cold storage water releases cold energy to take away heat discharged in a main control room of the nuclear power plant. And the cold storage water tank is driven to flow to the cooling coil pipe by taking gravity as driving force, so that air flowing through the cooling coil pipe can be effectively cooled under the condition of power loss, and certain positive pressure of the main control room of the nuclear power plant and clean air of a corridor of the main control room of the nuclear power plant are maintained by arranging the pressure relief device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of emergency response in a main control room of a nuclear power plant, in particular to an emergency support system for the main control room of a nuclear power plant. Background Art

[0002] In the event of a radioactive leak at a nuclear power plant, radioactive materials could leak into the ambient atmosphere. The main control room air conditioning system draws fresh air from the environment. To prevent radioactive materials from entering the main control room and potentially harming personnel, the outside air must be filtered before it is delivered to the control room. Currently, the typical main control room air conditioning system consists of an electric heater to ensure the required relative humidity of the exhaust air, thereby ensuring the efficiency of the iodine adsorber; a pre-filter to remove dust and other pollutants; a high-efficiency particulate air filter to remove aerosol pollutants; an iodine adsorber to absorb iodine from the exhaust air; a post-filter to filter activated carbon; and a fan to overcome filter resistance. This solution relies on a nuclear safety-grade power supply and requires a nuclear safety-grade emergency diesel engine, resulting in high equipment procurement and operation and maintenance costs. In the event of a power outage in the event of an AC power loss, this solution would not be able to maintain the habitability of the main control room. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide an emergency support system for the main control room of a nuclear power plant.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: constructing an emergency support system for the main control room of a nuclear power plant, which includes a compressed air storage and regulation device, an air circulation filtering and cooling device, and a pressure relief device;

[0005] The compressed air storage and adjustment device is connected to the air circulation filtering and cooling device and is used to provide compressed air to the air circulation filtering and cooling device;

[0006] The air circulation filtering and cooling device includes a circulation pipeline, an air ejector, a cold coil and a cold water storage tank. The two ends of the circulation pipeline are respectively connected to the air exhaust port and the air delivery port of the main control room of the nuclear power plant. The air ejector and the cold coil are arranged on the circulation pipeline. The output end of the compressed air storage and regulating device is connected to the air ejector. The cold water storage tank is connected to the cold coil and is located at a high position above the cold coil.

[0007] The pressure relief device is connected to the main control room of the nuclear power plant and is used to relieve pressure when the main control room of the nuclear power plant is over-pressurized.

[0008] In some embodiments, the compressed air storage and regulation device includes a plurality of compressed air tanks, a gas transmission pipeline, and a gas transmission regulating valve;

[0009] Each of the compressed air tanks is connected to the input end of the gas pipeline through a diversion pipeline, the output end of the gas pipeline is connected to the inlet end of the air injector, and the gas supply regulating valve is arranged on the gas pipeline.

[0010] In some embodiments, each of the diversion pipelines is provided with a gas isolation valve.

[0011] In some embodiments, the air circulation filtering and cooling device further includes a filtering device and a muffler. Both the filtering device and the muffler are arranged on the circulation pipeline. The filtering device is located downstream of the air ejector, and the muffler is located downstream of the filtering device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the filtration device includes a high efficiency air filter and an iodine adsorber.

[0013] In some embodiments, the pressure relief device includes a plurality of pressure relief pipelines connected to the main control room of the nuclear power plant, and each pressure relief pipeline is provided with a pressure relief control valve.

[0014] In some embodiments, the nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system further includes a temperature sensor installed in the nuclear power plant main control room.

[0015] In some embodiments, the nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system further includes a heating device installed in the nuclear power plant main control room.

[0016] In some embodiments, the nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system further includes an enclosure structure located outside the nuclear power plant main control room.

[0017] In some embodiments, the emergency support system of the nuclear power plant main control room also includes an isolation device, which includes an input pipeline and an output pipeline commonly connected to the nuclear power plant main control room, an input isolation valve being provided on the input pipeline, and an output isolation valve being provided on the output pipeline.

[0018] The implementation of this utility model has the following beneficial effects: the nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system uses compressed air as its power source. Compressed air can be stored via a compressed air storage and regulation device. When the system is in operation, the compressed air pressure can be adjusted within a desired range. An air ejector generates a certain negative pressure, inducing exhaust air from the nuclear power plant main control room into a circulation pipeline for filtration and cooling. Cold water storage is also used as a heat sink. In the event of a loss of AC power to the nuclear power plant, the cold water storage releases cold energy, removing the exhaust heat from the nuclear power plant main control room. Gravity is used as a driving force to drive the cold water storage tank to the cold coil, effectively cooling the air flowing through the cold coil in the event of a power outage. A pressure relief device is also provided to maintain a certain positive pressure in the nuclear power plant main control room and keep the air in the corridors of the main control room clean. In the event that a nuclear power plant loses its AC power supply, the emergency support system of the nuclear power plant's main control room can maintain the habitability of the nuclear power plant's main control room. The emergency support system of the nuclear power plant's main control room fully adopts passive technology, which can effectively reduce the nuclear power plant's main control room's dependence on electrical and instrumentation systems under accident conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope. A person of ordinary skill in the art can derive other relevant drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the emergency support system of the main control room of a nuclear power plant in some embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention are now described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by "front", "back", "up", "down", "left", "right", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "head", "tail", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are constructed and operated in specific directions. They are only for the convenience of describing the present technical solution and do not indicate that the devices or components referred to must have specific directions. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0022] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; they can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; they can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and they can be internal connections between two elements or interactions between two elements. When an element is referred to as being "on" or "under" another element, the element can be "directly" or "indirectly" located on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may be provided. The terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used to facilitate the description of the present technical solution and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", and "third" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0023] See also Figure 1 , is a nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system in some embodiments of the present invention, comprising a compressed air storage and regulating device 1, an air circulation filter and cooling device 2, and a pressure relief device 3. The compressed air storage and regulating device 1 is connected to the air circulation filter and cooling device 2 and is used to provide compressed air to the air circulation filter and cooling device 2. The air circulation filter and cooling device 2 comprises a circulation pipeline 21, an air ejector 22, a cold coil 23, and a cold water storage tank 24. The ends of the circulation pipeline 21 are respectively connected to the air intake and air outlet of the nuclear power plant main control room 4. The air ejector 22 and the cold coil 23 are arranged on the circulation pipeline 21. The output end of the compressed air storage and regulating device 1 is connected to the air ejector 22, and the cold water storage tank 24 is connected to the cold coil 23 and is located at a high position of the cold coil 23. The pressure relief device 3 is connected to the nuclear power plant main control room 4 and is used to relieve pressure when the nuclear power plant main control room 4 is overpressurized.

[0024] Specifically, during normal operation of the nuclear power plant's main control room 4, the system can store sufficient breathing-grade compressed air through the compressed air storage and regulation device 1. When the nuclear power plant's main control room 4 requires emergency support, the nuclear power plant's main control room emergency support system is put into operation, and the compressed air storage and regulation device 1 releases compressed air at a certain pressure and rate to the air ejector 22, inducing the indoor air of the nuclear power plant's main control room 4 to mix and enter the air circulation filter cooling device 2 for filtration and cooling. The compressed air provided by the compressed air storage and regulation device 1 can meet the breathing and positive pressure requirements of personnel in the habitable area of ​​the nuclear power plant's main control room 4 under accident conditions. In addition, the cold water storage tank 24 contains a certain amount of chilled water, which can maintain the initial water temperature of the cold coil 23 and provide the cooling capacity required for accident conditions. When the nuclear power plant's main control room emergency support system is activated, the cold water in the cold water storage tank 24 flows through the cold coil 23. The air ejector 22 draws air from the habitable area of ​​the nuclear power plant's main control room 4 into the circulation line 21. After filtration and cooling, the air is then recirculated to the habitable area of ​​the nuclear power plant's main control room 4. The nuclear power plant's main control room emergency support system simultaneously couples the cold storage and cooling of the habitable area of ​​the nuclear power plant's main control room 4 to ensure the environmental conditions in the area of ​​the nuclear power plant's main control room 4 during accident conditions. The cold water storage tank 24 is located at a high position on the cold coil 23. In the event of a power outage in the nuclear power plant's main control room 4, the cold water in the cold water storage tank 24 flows into the cold coil 23 by gravity. In addition, the pressure relief device 3 is used to relieve pressure when the main control room 4 of the nuclear power plant is overpressured. It can be installed in the lobby of the entrance and exit passage of the habitable area of ​​the main control room 4 of the nuclear power plant. When the habitable area of ​​the main control room 4 of the nuclear power plant is overpressured, the pressure relief device 3 can automatically open to discharge the indoor air into the lobby. The exhaust airflow has the effect of cleaning and ventilating the lobby, reducing the concentration of airborne radioactivity in the lobby during the accident, thereby reducing the amount of pollutants entering the main control room 4 of the nuclear power plant.

[0025] As can be understood, the nuclear power plant's main control room emergency support system uses compressed air as its power source. Compressed air can be stored via a compressed air storage and regulation device 1. When the system is in operation, the compressed air pressure can be adjusted within the required range. Air ejectors 22 are used to generate a certain negative pressure, inducing exhaust air from the nuclear power plant's main control room 4 to enter the circulation pipeline 21 for filtration and cooling. Cold water storage is also used as a heat sink. In the event of a loss of AC power to the nuclear power plant, this cold water storage releases cold energy, removing the exhaust heat from the nuclear power plant's main control room 4. Gravity is used as a driving force to drive the cold water storage tank 24 toward the cold coil 23. This effectively cools the air flowing through the cold coil 23 in the event of a power outage. Furthermore, a pressure relief device 3 is provided to maintain a certain positive pressure in the nuclear power plant's main control room 4 and keep the air in the corridors of the main control room 4 clean. In the event that the nuclear power plant loses its AC power supply, the nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system can maintain the habitability of the nuclear power plant main control room 4. The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system fully adopts passive technology, which can effectively reduce the nuclear power plant main control room 4's dependence on electrical and instrumentation systems under accident conditions.

[0026] In some embodiments, the compressed air storage and regulation device 1 includes a plurality of compressed air tanks 11, a gas pipeline 12, and a gas regulating valve 13. Each compressed air tank 11 is connected to the input end of the gas pipeline 12 via a branch line 14, and the output end of the gas pipeline 12 is connected to the inlet end of the air injector 22. The gas regulating valve 13 is provided on the gas pipeline 12. The compressed air tank 11 is used to store compressed air, and the gas regulating valve 13 is used to adjust the pressure of the compressed air. Each branch line 14 is provided with a gas isolation valve 15, which is used to control the outflow and opening of the compressed air in the corresponding compressed air tank 11. In this embodiment, there are four compressed air tanks 11, and the compressed air in the four compressed air tanks 11 flows into two branch lines 14. In other embodiments, the number and arrangement of the compressed air tanks 11 and gas pipelines 12 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0027] The air circulation filter cooling device 2 also includes a filter 25 and a muffler 26. The filter 25 and the muffler 26 are both located on the circulation line 21. The filter 25 is located downstream of the air ejector 22, and the muffler 26 is located downstream of the filter 25. The filter 25 includes a high-efficiency air filter and an iodine adsorber. The high-efficiency air filter is mainly used to capture dust particles and various suspended solids above 0.5 μm. It mainly consists of a filter element and a housing. It has high filtration efficiency, low flow resistance, and can be used continuously for a long time to reduce the cost of later consumables. The iodine adsorber can adsorb radioactive iodine pollutants in the exhaust air. In addition, a drain line 231 is connected to the cold coil 23 to drain water.

[0028] The pressure relief device 3 includes multiple pressure relief lines 31 connected to the nuclear power plant's main control room 4. Each pressure relief line 31 is equipped with a pressure relief control valve 32. When the habitable area of ​​the nuclear power plant's main control room 4 is overpressured, the pressure relief control valve 32 can be opened to relieve pressure.

[0029] The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system also includes a temperature sensor 5 installed in the nuclear power plant main control room 4 to measure the temperature inside the nuclear power plant main control room 4. The measured temperature data can be used to control the discharge of stored cold water. The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system also includes a heating device 6 installed in the nuclear power plant main control room 4 to provide heat to the nuclear power plant main control room 4 to ensure that personnel can maintain normal working conditions even in low temperatures.

[0030] The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system also includes an isolation device 7, which includes an input pipeline 71 and an output pipeline 72, both connected to the nuclear power plant main control room 4. Input pipeline 71 is equipped with an input isolation valve 73, and output pipeline 72 is equipped with an output isolation valve 74. When the nuclear power plant main control room 4 is in normal operation, the normal ventilation system can be ventilated through these input pipelines 71 and output pipelines 72. When the nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system is in operation, these input isolation valves 73 and output isolation valves 74 can be closed to prevent the normal ventilation system from interfering with and affecting the nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system.

[0031] The emergency support system of the nuclear power plant main control room also includes a protective structure located outside the nuclear power plant main control room. The protective structure refers to the walls, doors, windows, etc. that enclose the building space and can effectively resist the influence of adverse environments. The protective structure stores a certain amount of cold energy during the normal operation of the nuclear power plant main control room 4. When the nuclear power plant loses AC power, the protective structure releases cold energy to the nuclear power plant main control room 4 through natural convection and thermal radiation.

[0032] It can be understood that the above embodiments only express the preferred implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the present invention, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several deformations and improvements can be made, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made to the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of coverage of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system, characterized in that: It comprises a compressed air storage and regulating device (1), an air circulation filtering and cooling device (2), and a pressure relief device (3); The compressed air storage and adjustment device (1) is connected to the air circulation filtering and cooling device (2) and is used to provide compressed air to the air circulation filtering and cooling device (2); The air circulation filtering cooling device (2) comprises a circulation pipeline (21), an air ejector (22), a cold coil (23) and a cold water storage tank (24); the two ends of the circulation pipeline (21) are respectively connected to the air exhaust port and the air delivery port of the main control room (4) of the nuclear power plant; the air ejector (22) and the cold coil (23) are arranged on the circulation pipeline (21); the output end of the compressed air storage and regulating device (1) is connected to the air ejector (22); the cold water storage tank (24) is connected to the cold coil (23) and is located at a high position of the cold coil (23); The pressure relief device (3) is connected to the main control room (4) of the nuclear power plant and is used to relieve pressure when the main control room (4) of the nuclear power plant is over-pressurized; The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system further includes a heating device (6) installed in the nuclear power plant main control room (4); The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system further comprises an isolation device (7), wherein the isolation device (7) comprises an input pipeline (71) and an output pipeline (72) commonly connected to the nuclear power plant main control room (4), an input isolation valve (73) being provided on the input pipeline (71), and an output isolation valve (74) being provided on the output pipeline (72).

2. The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compressed air storage and regulating device (1) comprises a plurality of compressed air tanks (11), a gas transmission pipeline (12) and a gas transmission regulating valve (13); Each compressed air tank (11) is connected to the input end of the gas pipeline (12) via a branch line (14), the output end of the gas pipeline (12) is connected to the inlet end of the air ejector (22), and the gas supply regulating valve (13) is provided on the gas pipeline (12).

3. The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the diversion pipelines (14) is provided with a gas transmission isolation valve (15).

4. The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air circulation filtering and cooling device (2) further comprises a filtering device (25) and a muffler (26), wherein the filtering device (25) and the muffler (26) are both arranged on the circulation pipeline (21), the filtering device (25) is located downstream of the air ejector (22), and the muffler (26) is located downstream of the filtering device (25).

5. The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filtering device (25) includes a high-efficiency air filter and an iodine adsorber.

6. The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure relief device (3) comprises a plurality of pressure relief pipelines (31) connected to the main control room (4) of the nuclear power plant, and each pressure relief pipeline (31) is provided with a pressure relief control valve (32).

7. The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system further comprises a temperature sensor (5) installed in the nuclear power plant main control room (4).

8. The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nuclear power plant main control room emergency support system further comprises an enclosure structure arranged outside the nuclear power plant main control room.

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