Protective plate, battery box and battery pack

Abstract

The utility model provides a protective plate, a battery box and a battery pack, the protective plate comprises a first protective layer, a reinforcing layer, a buffer layer and a second protective layer which are stacked in a first direction, and the reinforcing layer and the buffer layer are stacked between the first protective layer and the second protective layer; the buffer layer comprises a plurality of first buffer grooves and a plurality of second buffer grooves, the first buffer grooves and the second buffer grooves are distributed in the two opposite sides of the buffer layer, and the first buffer grooves and the second buffer grooves are distributed in a staggered mode. According to the embodiment of the invention, the plurality of first buffer grooves and the plurality of second buffer grooves are respectively formed in the two sides of the buffer layer, and the plurality of first buffer grooves and the plurality of second buffer grooves are distributed in a staggered manner, so that the rigidity of the buffer layer can be improved; the bottom of the first buffer groove and the bottom of the second buffer groove can generate larger elastic deformation after being impacted by external force, the impact force is absorbed through the groove walls of the first buffer groove and the second buffer groove, and effective buffering can be conducted when the guard plate bears the larger impact force.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a protective plate, a battery box and a battery pack. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the related art, the battery box of the battery pack is provided with a protective plate to protect the battery modules or other components in the battery box, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the battery modules or other components in the battery box after the bottom of the battery box is impacted, and improving the safety of the battery pack. However, as the safety requirements of the battery pack become higher and higher, the anti-impact ability of the protective plate in the related art is weak and cannot meet the requirements. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] Embodiments of the present application provide a protective plate, a battery box and a battery pack, which can improve the technical problem of weak anti-impact ability of the protective plate of the battery box.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a protective plate, comprising a first protective layer, a reinforcing layer, a buffer layer and a second protective layer which are stacked along a first direction, the reinforcing layer and the buffer layer being stacked between the first protective layer and the second protective layer.

[0005] The buffer layer comprises a plurality of first buffer grooves and a plurality of second buffer grooves, the plurality of first buffer grooves and the second buffer grooves are distributed on opposite sides of the buffer layer, and the plurality of first buffer grooves and the plurality of second buffer grooves are distributed in a staggered manner.

[0006] In an embodiment, the plurality of first buffer grooves and the plurality of second buffer grooves are alternately distributed along a second direction, and the second direction forms an angle with the first direction.

[0007] In an embodiment, the first buffer grooves and the second buffer grooves respectively extend along a third direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction form an angle with each other.

[0008] In an embodiment, in the second direction, the width of the first buffer grooves is greater than the width of the second buffer grooves.

[0009] In an embodiment, the buffer layer is located between the reinforcing layer and the second protective layer, and the second buffer grooves are located on a side of the buffer layer facing the second protective layer.

[0010] The side of the second protective layer facing the buffer layer is further provided with a buffer protrusion, and the buffer protrusion fills at least part of the second buffer grooves.

[0011] In one embodiment, the buffer layer includes a connecting portion located at the bottom of the second buffer groove; the protective plate also includes a fixing hole, which passes through the first protective layer, the reinforcement layer, the connecting portion of the buffer layer and the second protective layer along the first direction.

[0012] In one embodiment, a receiving groove is formed on a side of the second protective layer facing away from the buffer layer, and the fixing hole forms an opening at the bottom of the receiving groove.

[0013] In one embodiment, the thickness of the buffer layer is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; and / or,

[0014] The wall thickness of the first buffer groove is greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm; and / or,

[0015] The wall thickness of the second buffer groove is greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.

[0016] In one embodiment, the thickness of the first protective layer is greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm; and / or,

[0017] The thickness of the second protective layer is greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm; and / or,

[0018] The thickness of the reinforcement layer is greater than or equal to 0.8 mm and less than or equal to 1.2 mm.

[0019] In one embodiment, a plurality of buffer members are provided on a side of the first protective layer facing away from the reinforcement layer.

[0020] In one embodiment, the buffer layer includes a connecting portion located at the bottom of the second buffer groove; and the buffer member corresponds to the connecting portion.

[0021] In one embodiment, the plurality of buffer members are divided into a plurality of buffer groups, each of the buffer groups is respectively arranged corresponding to a different connecting portion, and the plurality of buffer members of the buffer group are spaced apart along an extending direction of the connecting portion.

[0022] In one embodiment, the material of the first protective layer includes resin and / or glass fiber; and / or,

[0023] The material of the reinforcement layer includes metal; and / or,

[0024] The material of the buffer layer includes metal; and / or,

[0025] The material of the second protective layer includes resin and / or glass fiber.

[0026] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery box, comprising:

[0027] A box body, the box body comprising a receiving cavity, the receiving cavity being configured to receive a battery module;

[0028] A protective plate is connected to the box body, and the protective plate is the protective plate as described above, and the protective plate includes a first protective layer, a reinforcement layer, a buffer layer and a second protective layer stacked along a first direction, and the reinforcement layer and the buffer layer are stacked between the first protective layer and the second protective layer; wherein, the buffer layer includes a plurality of first buffer grooves and a plurality of second buffer grooves, and the plurality of first buffer grooves and the plurality of second buffer grooves are distributed on opposite sides of the buffer layer, and the plurality of first buffer grooves and the plurality of second buffer grooves are staggered; the side of the first protective layer away from the reinforcement layer faces the box body.

[0029] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack, comprising:

[0030] Battery modules;

[0031] A battery box, wherein the battery box is the battery box as described above, and the battery box comprises:

[0032] A box body, the box body includes a receiving cavity, and the battery module is arranged in the receiving cavity of the box body of the battery box;

[0033] A protective plate is connected to the box body, and the protective plate is the protective plate as described above, and the protective plate includes a first protective layer, a reinforcement layer, a buffer layer and a second protective layer stacked along a first direction, and the reinforcement layer and the buffer layer are stacked between the first protective layer and the second protective layer; wherein, the buffer layer includes a plurality of first buffer grooves and a plurality of second buffer grooves, and the plurality of first buffer grooves and the plurality of second buffer grooves are distributed on opposite sides of the buffer layer, and the plurality of first buffer grooves and the plurality of second buffer grooves are staggered; the side of the first protective layer away from the reinforcement layer faces the box body.

[0034] Beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application:

[0035] In the embodiments of the present application, by arranging the plurality of first buffer grooves and the plurality of second buffer grooves on the two sides of the buffer layer respectively and staggered, not only the stiffness of the buffer layer can be improved, but also the bottom of the first buffer groove and the bottom of the second buffer groove can generate greater elastic deformation after being impacted by external force, and are not easy to be damaged. At the same time, the bottom of the first buffer groove and the bottom of the second buffer groove can also transmit the impact force received to the groove walls of the first buffer groove and the second buffer groove, and absorb the impact force through the groove walls of the first buffer groove and the second buffer groove, thereby improving the anti-impact ability of the buffer layer. When the guard plate bears greater impact force, effective buffering can be performed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 Structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the guard plate provided by the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 Structure schematic diagram of an embodiment of the guard plate provided by the present application; Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along the direction A-A in the structure schematic diagram of the guard plate provided by the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 Enlarged view of the position A in the structure schematic diagram of the guard plate provided by the present application; Figure 2 Enlarged view of the position A in the structure schematic diagram of the guard plate provided by the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 Another angle view of the guard plate provided by the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 Cross-sectional view along the direction B-B in the structure schematic diagram of the guard plate provided by the present application; Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along the direction B-B in the structure schematic diagram of the guard plate provided by the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 Enlarged view of the position B in the structure schematic diagram of the guard plate provided by the present application. Figure 5 Enlarged view of the position B in the structure schematic diagram of the guard plate provided by the present application.

[0043] Guard plate 100; fixing hole 1001; first protective layer 110; reinforcing layer 120; buffer layer 130; first buffer groove 131; second buffer groove 132; connecting part 133; second protective layer 140; buffer protrusion 141; accommodating groove 142; buffer group 150; buffer piece 151; first direction X; second direction Y; third direction Z. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. In the present application, the orientation words such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower in the actual use or working state of the device, and specifically refer to the direction of the drawing surface in the drawings; and "inner" and "outer" refer to the contour of the device.

[0045] The present application provides a protective plate, a battery box and a battery pack, which are described in detail as follows.

[0046] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the protective plate provided in the embodiments of the present application. Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the protective plate provided in the embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 The sectional view along the direction A-A. Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the protective plate provided in the embodiments of the present application. Figure 2 The enlarged view of A in FIG. 10. As shown in FIG. 11, the protective plate 100 comprises a first protective layer 110, a reinforcing layer 120, a buffer layer 130 and a second protective layer 140 which are stacked along a first direction X, the reinforcing layer 120 and the buffer layer 130 are stacked between the first protective layer 110 and the second protective layer 140. Figures 1 to 3 The buffer layer 130 comprises a plurality of first buffer grooves 131 and a plurality of second buffer grooves 132, the plurality of first buffer grooves 131 and the plurality of second buffer grooves 132 are distributed on opposite sides of the buffer layer 130, and the plurality of first buffer grooves 131 and the plurality of second buffer grooves 132 are distributed in a staggered manner.

[0047] The buffer layer 130 provided in the embodiments of the present application can not only improve the rigidity of the buffer layer 130, but also enable the bottom of the first buffer groove 131 and the bottom of the second buffer groove 132 to produce greater elastic deformation after being impacted by an external force, and not be easily damaged. At the same time, the bottom of the first buffer groove 131 and the bottom of the second buffer groove 132 can also transmit the impact force received to the groove walls of the first buffer groove 131 and the second buffer groove 132, and absorb the impact force through the groove walls of the first buffer groove 131 and the second buffer groove 132, thereby improving the anti-impact ability of the buffer layer 130, and enabling effective buffering when the protective plate 100 bears a greater impact force.

[0048]

[0049] ​It should be noted that when the protective plate 100 is used in a battery box (not shown in the figure) of a battery pack (not shown in the figure), the first protective layer 110 of the protective plate 100 can be directed away from the reinforcing layer 120 and toward the body of the battery box, or the second protective layer 140 of the protective plate 100 can be directed away from the reinforcing layer 120 and toward the body of the battery box.

[0050] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the plurality of first buffer grooves 131 and the second buffer grooves 132 can be alternately distributed along the second direction Y, with the second direction Y forming an angle with the first direction X, thereby staggering the plurality of first buffer grooves 131 and the plurality of second buffer grooves 132. Furthermore, the groove walls of the buffer layer 130 for absorbing impact force are sequentially distributed along the second direction Y, which helps to improve the impact force absorption effect of each area of ​​the buffer layer 130.

[0051] The first buffer groove 131 and the second buffer groove 132 can be extended along the third direction Y respectively, and the first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Y form an angle with each other, thereby increasing the length of the bottom and the groove wall of the first buffer groove 131 and the second buffer groove 132, and further improving the buffering effect of the buffer layer 130.

[0052] In addition, in the second direction Y, the width of the first buffer groove 131 can be made greater than the width of the second buffer groove 132. Therefore, when the protective plate 100 is used in a battery box, the side of the first protective layer 110 of the protective plate 100 away from the reinforcing layer 120 can be made to face the body of the battery box. In this way, the bottom width of the first buffer groove 131 for bearing the impact force is wider, and the impact force buffering effect is better.

[0053] Specifically, the first buffer groove 131 and the second buffer groove 132 can each penetrate the buffer layer 130 along the third direction Y. The first buffer groove 131 and the second buffer groove 132 can be formed by bending or stamping a plate-like component. The buffer layer 130 can be made of stainless steel or other metals to provide high rigidity and a high cushioning effect. Furthermore, the reinforcement layer 120 can also be made of stainless steel or other metals to provide high rigidity and strength.

[0054] In other embodiments, the plurality of first buffer grooves 131 may be distributed in a matrix or other distribution manner on one side of the buffer layer 130, while the plurality of second buffer grooves 132 may be distributed in a matrix or other distribution manner on the other side of the buffer layer 130, and the plurality of first buffer grooves 131 and the plurality of second buffer grooves 132 may be staggered. The cross-sectional shape of the first buffer grooves 131 and / or the second buffer grooves 132 in a cross section perpendicular to the first direction X may be polygonal, circular, or the like.

[0055] In some embodiments, the thickness of the buffer layer 130 can be greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm. That is, the maximum distance between the side surface of the buffer layer 130 facing the reinforcement layer 120 and the side surface of the buffer layer 130 facing the second protective layer 140 is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm. This ensures that the buffer layer 130 has a good cushioning effect without making the overall thickness of the protective plate 100 too thick. The thickness of the buffer layer 130 can be 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, etc., depending on the impact force to be cushioned and the required thickness of the protective plate 100.

[0056] In some embodiments, the wall thickness of the first buffer groove 131 can be greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm, so that the wall thickness of the first buffer groove 131 can effectively absorb the impact force without causing excessive weight of the buffer layer 130. The wall thickness of the first buffer groove 131 can be 0.65 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, etc., depending on the impact force to be buffered and the weight requirement of the guard plate 100.

[0057] Furthermore, the wall thickness of the second buffer groove 132 can be greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm, so that the wall thickness of the second buffer groove 132 can effectively absorb the impact force without causing excessive weight of the buffer layer 130. The wall thickness of the second buffer groove 132 can be 0.65 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, etc., depending on the impact force to be buffered and the weight requirement of the guard plate 100.

[0058] It should be noted that the thickness of the buffer layer 130, the wall thickness of the first buffer groove 131 and the wall thickness of the second buffer groove 132 can all meet the above-mentioned dimensional requirements, or only one or two of them can meet the above-mentioned dimensional requirements, as long as they can have a good buffering effect on the impact force.

[0059] In addition, when the first buffer groove 131 and the second buffer groove 132 are separated by only one side wall, the groove wall of the first buffer groove 131 and the second buffer groove 132 share part of the groove wall. The wall thickness of the first buffer groove 131 and the wall thickness of the second buffer groove 132 can be the same or different.

[0060] In some embodiments, as Figure 3As shown, the buffer layer 130 can be located between the reinforcement layer 120 and the second protective layer 140, and the second buffer groove 132 can be located on the side of the buffer layer 130 facing the second protective layer 140. When the protective plate 100 is used in a battery box, the side of the first protective layer 110 of the protective plate 100 facing away from the reinforcement layer 120 can face the body of the battery box, while the side of the second protective layer 140 facing away from the buffer layer 130 is used to withstand impact force and transfer the impact force to the buffer layer 130, so that the buffer layer 130 can better buffer the impact force.

[0061] A buffer protrusion 141 may be further provided on the side of the second protective layer 140 facing the buffer layer 130, and the buffer protrusion 141 fills at least a portion of the second buffer groove 132. By forming the buffer protrusion 141 on the second protective layer 140 and filling the second buffer groove 132, when a large impact force is applied to the portion of the second protective layer 140 corresponding to the second buffer groove 132, the impact force can be promptly transmitted to the buffer layer 130 via the buffer protrusion 141, thereby preventing the portion of the second protective layer 140 corresponding to the second buffer groove 132 from being damaged by the large impact force.

[0062] Specifically, a plurality of buffer protrusions 141 are provided on one side of the second protective layer 140 facing the buffer layer 130 . The plurality of buffer protrusions 141 are sequentially distributed along the second direction Y, and each buffer protrusion 141 extends along the third direction Y. Each buffer protrusion 141 fills a second buffer groove 132 .

[0063] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, the guard plate 100 further includes a fixing hole 1001 that penetrates the first protective layer 110 , the reinforcement layer 120 , the connecting portion 133 of the buffer layer 130 and the second protective layer 140 along the first direction X. Thus, the guard plate 100 can be fixedly connected to the box body through the fixing hole 1001 by a fastener.

[0064] In some embodiments, the buffer layer 130 may include a connecting portion 133 located at the bottom of the second buffer groove 132, and the fixing hole 1001 may penetrate the connecting portion 133 of the buffer layer 130. Because the connecting portion 133 abuts against the reinforcing layer 120, the risk of excessive fastening force applied by the fastener to the buffer layer 130, which may cause deformation of the buffer layer 130, can be reduced.

[0065] A receiving groove 142 may be formed on the side of the second protective layer 140 facing away from the buffer layer 130, and the fixing hole 1001 may have an opening formed at the bottom of the receiving groove 142. Thus, when a fastener (not shown) is passed through the fixing hole 1001 and connected to the box body, a portion of the fastener can be accommodated in the receiving groove 142, thereby reducing the height of the fastener protruding from the side of the second protective layer 140 facing away from the buffer layer 130. The arrangement prevents the fastener from protruding from the side of the second protective layer 140 facing away from the buffer layer 130, thereby reducing the risk of the fastener being impacted by external forces.

[0066] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first protective layer 110 can be greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm, thereby ensuring that the first protective layer 110 has good strength and protective effect without causing the overall thickness of the protective plate 100 to be too thick. The thickness of the first protective layer 110 can be 0.65 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, etc., depending on parameters such as the material and strength requirements of the first protective layer 110.

[0067] Additionally, the first protective layer 110 can be made of insulating materials such as resin and / or fiberglass, providing the first protective layer 110 with excellent corrosion resistance, insulation, and strength. This also allows the first protective layer 110 to be better integrated with the reinforcement layer 120. Specifically, the first protective layer 110 can be attached to the surface of the reinforcement layer 120 facing away from the buffer layer 130 using a process such as thermoplasticization.

[0068] In some embodiments, the thickness of the second protective layer 140 can be greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm, thereby ensuring that the second protective layer 140 has good strength and protective effect without causing the overall thickness of the protective plate 100 to be too thick. The thickness of the second protective layer 140 can be 0.65 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, etc., depending on parameters such as the material and strength requirements of the second protective layer 140.

[0069] Furthermore, the second protective layer 140 can be made of insulating materials such as resin and / or fiberglass, thereby providing the second protective layer 140 with excellent corrosion resistance, insulation, and strength. Furthermore, this can further improve the integration of the second protective layer 140 with the reinforcement layer 120. Specifically, the second protective layer 140 can be attached to the surface of the buffer layer 130 facing away from the reinforcement layer 120 through a process such as thermoplasticization.

[0070] In some embodiments, the thickness of the reinforcement layer 120 can be greater than or equal to 0.8 mm and less than or equal to 1.2 mm, thereby providing the reinforcement layer 120 with high rigidity without causing the overall thickness of the protective plate 100 to be excessively thick. The thickness of the reinforcement layer 120 can be 0.85 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1 mm, 1.5 mm, etc., depending on the material of the reinforcement layer 120, strength requirements, and other parameters. Furthermore, the reinforcement layer 120 can be made of stainless steel or other metals to provide high rigidity and strength.

[0071] In some embodiments, as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a plurality of buffer members 151 can be provided on the side of the first protective layer 110 facing away from the reinforcement layer 120. Thus, the plurality of buffer members 151 can form a buffer between the first protective layer 110 and the battery module or other components in the box, preventing the buffer layer 130 from directly transmitting the impact force to the battery module or other components in the box through the reinforcement layer 120 and the first protective layer 110, thereby preventing the battery module or other components from being damaged.

[0072] The buffer layer 130 includes a connecting portion 133 located at the bottom of the second buffer groove. The buffer member 151 corresponds to the position of the connecting portion 133. It is understood that when the second protective layer 140 of the protective plate 100 is impacted, the impact force will be transmitted to the connecting portion 133 through the groove walls of the first buffer groove 131 and the second buffer groove 132 of the buffer layer 130. By aligning the buffer member 151 with the connecting portion 133, the impact force transmitted to the connecting portion 133 can be effectively buffered, which is conducive to further improving the anti-collision effect of the protective plate 100.

[0073] Specifically, multiple buffer members 151 can be divided into multiple buffer groups 150, each buffer group 150 is arranged corresponding to a different connecting portion 133, and the multiple buffer members 151 of the buffer group 150 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the connecting portion 133, thereby improving the buffering effect of the multiple buffer members 151 on the impact force of different positions of the guard plate 100.

[0074] An embodiment of the present application also provides a battery box, which includes a protective plate. The specific structure of the protective plate refers to the above embodiment. Since this battery box adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0075] Among them, the battery box (not shown in the figure) may include a box body and a protective plate 100, the box body includes a accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity is configured to accommodate the battery module; the protective plate 100 is connected to the box body, and the structure of the protective plate 100 can refer to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the first protective layer 110 of the protective plate 100 is facing away from the side of the reinforcing layer 120 toward the box body.

[0076] The application also provides a battery pack, which comprises a battery box, the specific structure of which is referred to the above embodiments. Since the battery pack adopts all the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0077] The battery pack (not shown in the figure) can comprise a battery module and a battery box, and the battery box is as described above. The battery module is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the box body of the battery box.

[0078] The above has introduced the embodiments of the application in detail, and the principles and implementation manners of the application have been described by applying specific examples. The above embodiment description is only used to help understand the method of the application and its core idea; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the application, the specific implementation manner and application range will be changed, and the above description should not be understood as the limitation of the application.

Claims

1. A guard plate, characterized in that: It comprises a first protective layer, a reinforcement layer, a buffer layer and a second protective layer stacked along a first direction, wherein the reinforcement layer and the buffer layer are stacked between the first protective layer and the second protective layer; The buffer layer includes a plurality of first buffer grooves and a plurality of second buffer grooves, the plurality of first buffer grooves and the second buffer grooves are distributed on opposite sides of the buffer layer, and the plurality of first buffer grooves and the plurality of second buffer grooves are staggered.

2. The guard plate according to claim 1, wherein The plurality of first buffer grooves and the second buffer grooves are alternately distributed along a second direction, and the second direction forms an angle with the first direction.

3. The guard plate according to claim 2, wherein: The first buffer groove and the second buffer groove extend along a third direction respectively, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction form an angle with each other.

4. The guard plate according to claim 3, wherein: In the second direction, a width of the first buffer groove is greater than a width of the second buffer groove.

5. The guard plate according to claim 1, wherein The buffer layer is located between the reinforcement layer and the second protective layer, and the second buffer groove is located on a side of the buffer layer facing the second protective layer; A buffer protrusion is further provided on a side of the second protective layer facing the buffer layer, and the buffer protrusion fills at least a portion of the second buffer groove.

6. The guard plate according to claim 1, wherein The buffer layer includes a connecting portion located at the bottom of the second buffer groove; the guard plate also includes a fixing hole, which passes through the first protective layer, the reinforcement layer, the connecting portion of the buffer layer and the second protective layer along the first direction.

7. The guard plate according to claim 6, wherein: A receiving groove is formed on a side of the second protective layer facing away from the buffer layer, and the fixing hole forms an opening at the bottom of the receiving groove.

8. The guard plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The thickness of the buffer layer is greater than or equal to 2 mm and less than or equal to 5 mm; and / or, The wall thickness of the first buffer groove is greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm; and / or, The wall thickness of the second buffer groove is greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.

9. The guard plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The thickness of the first protective layer is greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm; and / or, The thickness of the second protective layer is greater than or equal to 0.6 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm; and / or, The thickness of the reinforcement layer is greater than or equal to 0.8 mm and less than or equal to 1.2 mm.

10. The guard plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that A plurality of buffer members are provided on a side of the first protective layer facing away from the reinforcement layer.

11. The guard plate according to claim 10, wherein: The buffer layer includes a connecting portion located at the bottom of the second buffer groove; the buffer member corresponds to the connecting portion.

12. The guard plate according to claim 11, wherein The plurality of buffer members are divided into a plurality of buffer groups, each of the buffer groups is respectively arranged corresponding to a different connecting portion, and the plurality of buffer members of the buffer group are arranged at intervals along an extending direction of the connecting portion.

13. The guard plate according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The material of the first protective layer includes resin and / or glass fiber; and / or, The material of the reinforcement layer includes metal; and / or, The material of the buffer layer includes metal; and / or, The material of the second protective layer includes resin and / or glass fiber.

14. A battery box, characterized in that: include: A box body, the box body comprising a receiving cavity, the receiving cavity being configured to receive a battery module; A guard plate is connected to the box body, wherein the guard plate is the guard plate according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and the side of the first protective layer of the guard plate facing away from the reinforcement layer faces the box body.

15. A battery pack, characterized in that: include: Battery modules; A battery box, wherein the battery box is the battery box according to claim 14, and the battery module is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the box body of the battery box.

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