Antenna feeder surge protector

Abstract

The utility model relates to an antenna feeder surge protector, and belongs to the technical field of surge protectors. The antenna feeder surge protector comprises a shell, a connector and a circuit board, the circuit board is located in the containing cavity, and the two ends of the circuit board are connected with connectors respectively. The circuit board comprises a dielectric substrate and a printed circuit, the printed circuit comprises a core wire, two plate capacitors and three transmission lines, the plate capacitors are distributed on the core wire at intervals and used for decoupling, the transmission lines are connected with the core wire and connected to the ground, and the transmission lines are arranged on the two sides of each plate capacitor. The antenna feeder surge protector provided by the utility model not only can protect an antenna feeder radio frequency circuit, but also has a function of inhibiting interference of high-power radio frequency signals, better protects post-stage equipment from being damaged or interfered, is low in loss, ultrahigh in bandwidth, small in size and light in weight, reduces the cost, increases the reliability of the antenna feeder radio frequency circuit, and improves the reliability of the antenna feeder radio frequency circuit. And a filtering product for resisting signal interference does not need to be additionally arranged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of surge protectors, and in particular relates to an antenna feeder surge protector. Background Art

[0002] The 6-18 GHz ultra-wideband frequency band protects against interference from lightning electromagnetic pulses and other strong electromagnetic pulses, safeguarding the normal operation of radar, electronic warfare, and measurement and control equipment operating in the 6-18 GHz ultra-wideband frequency band. Traditional quarter-wavelength (λ / 4) waveguide and gas discharge tube surge protectors (SPDs) are widely used solutions for RF front-end SPD protection. However, due to limitations such as the impedance of the λ / 4 short-circuit, connector frequency, and bandwidth, achieving high and wide operating bands is difficult due to the inter-electrode capacitance between components (gas discharge tubes and transient diodes). Traditional antenna feed surge protectors, limited by the impedance and bandwidth of the λ / 4 short-circuit, are therefore limited in their operating frequency band and size. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an antenna feed surge protector, which can not only protect the antenna feed RF line, but also has the function of suppressing interference of high-power RF signals, better protecting the subsequent equipment from damage or interference, low loss, ultra-wide bandwidth, small size, light weight, and reduced cost, thereby increasing the reliability of the antenna feed RF line and eliminating the need for additional filtering products to resist signal interference.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0005] The utility model provides an antenna surge protector, comprising a shell, a connector and a circuit board; the shell has a accommodating cavity, the circuit board is located in the accommodating cavity and has the connectors connected to both ends thereof; the circuit board comprises a dielectric substrate and a printed circuit, the printed circuit comprises a core wire, two flat plate capacitors and three transmission lines, the flat plate capacitors are spaced apart on the core wire and serve as decoupling, the transmission lines are connected to the core wire and to the ground, and the transmission lines are provided on both sides of each of the flat plate capacitors.

[0006] As an optional solution, the transmission lines at both ends are distributed side by side on a first side of the core line, and the transmission line in the middle is located on a second side of the core line.

[0007] As an optional solution, the core wire is divided into a first section, a second section and a third section, the first section, the second section and the third section are respectively connected to the transmission line, and the ends of the first section and the second section, and the second section and the third section overlap to form the flat plate capacitor.

[0008] As an optional solution, the first segment and the second segment are spaced apart and arranged on the TOP layer of the dielectric substrate, and the third segment is located on the BOT layer of the dielectric substrate.

[0009] As an optional solution, the housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing that are detachably connected, and the circuit board is clamped and fixed between the upper housing and the lower housing.

[0010] As an optional solution, both the upper shell and the lower shell are provided with an avoidance groove, and the cross-sectional shape of the avoidance groove matches the shape of the printed circuit.

[0011] As an optional solution, the upper shell is provided with a protrusion, and the lower shell is provided with a receiving groove for embedding the circuit board, and the protrusion is embedded in the receiving groove and presses the circuit board.

[0012] As an optional solution, the upper shell and the lower shell are spliced ​​and connected by threaded fasteners.

[0013] As an optional solution, the cross-sections of the upper shell and the lower shell are both L-shaped.

[0014] As an optional solution, the connector includes an SMA connector and an N-type connector, and the connector is detachably connected to the housing via a threaded fastener.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] The antenna feed surge protector provided by the utility model uses transmission lines instead of components, and the capacitor uses a flat capacitor structure. The reasonable design of the width of the transmission line and the thickness of the circuit board copper layer can effectively solve the influence of the inter-electrode capacitance, better filter out other useless frequency bands, and have a filtering function. In addition, the use of transmission lines as the discharge channel for lightning electromagnetic pulses and other strong electromagnetic pulses greatly improves the response time compared to microsecond gas discharge tubes and nanosecond transient diodes. No electronic components are used, the assembly is simple and does not require complex processes. The high consistency is also easy to debug, safe and controllable, and the volume and cost are reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive work. The above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals indicate the same parts throughout the drawings. The drawings are not intentionally scaled to their actual sizes; the focus is on illustrating the main purpose of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna feed surge protector provided in the embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna feed surge protector provided in the embodiment of the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna feed surge protector provided in the embodiment of the utility model Figure 3 ;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the upper shell of the antenna feed surge protector provided by the embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the upper shell of the antenna feed surge protector provided by the embodiment of the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the upper shell of the antenna feed surge protector provided by the embodiment of the utility model Figure 3 ;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower shell of the antenna feed surge protector provided in the embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower shell of the antenna feed surge protector provided in the embodiment of the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 9 A block diagram of the principle of the antenna feeder surge protector provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 10 A TOP layer pattern of a circuit board of an antenna surge protector provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a BOT layer pattern of a circuit board of an antenna feed surge protector provided in an embodiment of the utility model.

[0029] Icons: 10-antenna surge protector; 11-housing; 12-connector; 13-circuit board; 110-upper housing; 111-lower housing; 112-raised portion; 113-accommodating groove; 114-avoidance groove; 120-SMA connector; 121-N-type connector; 130-dielectric substrate; 131-first section; 132-second section; 133-third section; 134-first line; 135-second line; 136-third line; C1, C2-planar capacitors; L1-first-stage inductor; L2-second-stage inductor; L3-third-stage inductor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0033] Furthermore, the terms “first”, “second”, etc. are merely used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna surge protector 10, which is a suspension line high-pass filter, a semi-lumped parameter filter, and is mainly used for protection in the 6-18G ultra-high wideband frequency band. It is suitable for the RF input and output ends of equipment such as radars and satellite ground stations, suppressing interference from lightning electromagnetic pulses (LEMP) and other strong electromagnetic pulses, and suppressing induced lightning waves introduced from antenna feed lines, thereby protecting the safety of electronic equipment.

[0035] The antenna feeder surge protector 10 comprises a shell 11, a connecting head 12 and a circuit board 13, the shell 11 has a receiving cavity, the number of the connecting head 12 can be two, the two connecting heads 12 are respectively connected to two ends of the shell 11, the circuit board 13 is located in the receiving cavity, and the two ends of the circuit board 13 are respectively electrically connected to the connecting heads 12. The following will be discussed in detail with respect to each component.

[0036] The shape or structure of the shell 11 is not limited, and in the embodiment, the following schemes can be used but are not limited to: please refer to the drawings Figure 4-Figure 8 As shown in the drawings, the shell 11 comprises an upper shell 110 and a lower shell 111, the upper shell 110 and the lower shell 111 are detachably connected, and the connection mode of the two is not limited, for example, the two are clamped, connected through a threaded fastener or the like. Of course, in other embodiments, the shell 11 can also be integrally formed by injection molding or fixed by separate adhesion.

[0037] The upper shell 110 and the lower shell 111 are spliced with each other, and the protruding part 112 and the receiving groove 113 are correspondingly arranged on the opposite sides of the upper shell 110 and the lower shell 111, that is, the protruding part 112 is arranged on the upper shell 110 and the receiving groove 113 is arranged on the lower shell 111, or the protruding part 112 is arranged on the lower shell 111 and the receiving groove 113 is arranged on the upper shell 110. The shape of the protruding part 112 and the receiving groove 113 is matched, the protruding part 112 can be embedded in the receiving groove 113, and the circuit board 13 is embedded in the receiving groove 113, the circuit board 13 is pressed in the receiving groove 113 by the protruding part 112, so that the circuit board 13 is clamped and fixed between the upper shell 110 and the lower shell 111. The receiving groove 113 can make the position of the circuit board 13 more firm, facilitate installation, and in some embodiments, a foolproof structure can also be arranged between the circuit board 13 and the receiving groove 113 or between the circuit board 13 and the protruding part 112 to prevent the circuit board 13 from being placed in reverse.

[0038] The cross section of the upper shell 110 and the lower shell 111 can be L-shaped, that is, the upper shell 110 and the lower shell 111 both comprise a clamping part and an ear part, the two clamping parts are spliced and can clamp the circuit board 13, the ear part is located at one end of the clamping part and extends outward to form a boss, and the ear part can be connected and fixed with other structures.

[0039] The style of the connecting head 12 is not limited, which can refer to the prior art, and the number of the connecting head 12 can also be set as required, for example, one, three, four or the like, in the embodiment, the two connecting heads 12 comprise an SMA joint 120 and an N-type joint 121, the structure of the SMA joint 120 and the N-type joint 121 can refer to the prior art, and the connecting head 12 is detachably connected with the shell 11 through a threaded fastener.

[0040] The circuit board 13 includes a dielectric substrate 130 and a printed circuit disposed on the dielectric substrate 130.

[0041] The shape of the circuit board 13 is not limited, such as a rectangle, a parallelogram, a circle, an irregular shape, etc.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 9-11 As shown, the printed circuit mainly consists of a core wire, two plate capacitors and three transmission lines.

[0043] The width of the core wire can be set as needed, and the two ends of the core wire are electrically connected with the SMA connector 120 and the N connector 121 respectively. The core wire can be integrally formed, or the following structure can be used: the core wire is divided into a first segment 131, a second segment 132 and a third segment 133, wherein the first segment 131 and the second segment 132 are located on the TOP layer of the dielectric substrate 130, there is a certain interval between the first segment 131 and the second segment 132, and the third segment 133 is located on the BOT layer of the dielectric substrate 130.

[0044] The plate capacitors are distributed on the core wire with a certain interval, and the plate capacitors are mainly used for decoupling. The style of the plate capacitors is not limited, for example, the end portions of the first segment 131 and the second segment 132 overlap to form one of the plate capacitors, and the end portions of the second segment 132 and the third segment 133 overlap to form the other plate capacitor.

[0045] The width of the transmission line can be set as needed, the transmission line is connected with the core wire and connected to the ground, and each plate capacitor is provided with a transmission line on both sides. In the extension direction of the core wire, the three transmission lines are distributed in sequence. In this embodiment, the first segment 131, the second segment 132 and the third segment 133 are respectively connected with the transmission lines.

[0046] Among them, the layout mode of the three transmission lines is not limited, for example, the three transmission lines can be defined in sequence as a first line 134, a second line 135 and a third line 136, the first line 134 and the second line 135 are distributed side by side on the first side of the core wire, and the third line 136 is located on the second side of the core wire. Of course, the first line 134, the second line 135 and the third line 136 are located on the same side of the core wire, or the first line 134 and the third line 136 are distributed side by side on the first side of the core wire and the second line 135 is located on the second side of the core wire.

[0047] Correspondingly, in order to avoid the upper shell 110 or the lower shell 111 from contacting the printed circuit, the upper shell 110 and the lower shell 111 can be provided with a relief groove 114, and the cross-sectional shape of the relief groove 114 matches the shape of the printed circuit. After the upper shell 110 and the lower shell 111 clamp and fix the circuit board 13, the printed circuit corresponds to the relief groove 114.

[0048] The antenna surge protector 10 utilizes a filtering circuit design that filters out different frequencies, allowing useful frequencies in the RF signal to pass through while significantly attenuating other frequency components. The frequency-selective filtering effect separates lightning electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) and other strong electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) from useful signals, filtering out, attenuating, or suppressing the passage of these frequencies. The antenna surge protector 10 employs a three-stage protection design, with the printed circuit board comprising two flat capacitors and three inductors formed by transmission lines. In the first stage, inductor L1 connects the line core to ground, discharging most of the lightning current to the ground. Inductor L2 in the second stage and inductor L3 in the third stage clamp the current to a lower voltage. The decoupling circuit utilizes flat capacitors C1 and C2 between the first, second, and third stages to evenly distribute the lightning current to the ground. After passing through the protector, the energy of lightning electromagnetic pulses and other strong electromagnetic pulses is attenuated and discharged, resulting in a low voltage suitable for the output device. By selecting and combining different values ​​for the flat capacitors and inductors, and designing the distance between the housing 11 and the circuit board 13, RF signals can pass normally. When lightning electromagnetic pulses and other strong electromagnetic pulses pass through the feeder and the antenna surge protector 10, they are discharged to the ground through the three-level inductors L1, L2, L3 and the decoupling capacitors, thereby protecting related equipment from lightning strikes.

[0049] Transmission lines can replace gas discharge tubes, transient diodes, inductors, and other components, dissipating and suppressing interference from lightning electromagnetic pulses and other strong electromagnetic pulses. They also use a flat-plate capacitor structure to replace capacitors for decoupling and protection. All traditional components are implemented through the circuit board 13, eliminating the need for electronic components to implement the circuit structure. Consequently, in practical designs within the ultra-high-bandwidth 6-18 GHz band, there's no need to worry about capacitor breakdown in the presence of transient high voltages. There's also no need to consider how to implement a low-inductance, large-wire inductor and the impact of inter-electrode capacitance of components (gas discharge tubes, transient diodes). Simply designing the width of the transmission line and the thickness of the copper layer of the circuit board 13 allows for a low-inductance, high-power inductor. Furthermore, the suspended stripline structure offers a high Q factor, uses a small number of stages, and reduces signal loss on the circuit board 13. Without inductors or components, insertion loss can be minimized. Furthermore, there's no need to consider the placement space for inductors, capacitors, and components, allowing for a very small footprint. Using transmission lines as lightning electromagnetic pulse discharge channels significantly improves the response time compared to microsecond-level gas discharge tubes and nanosecond-level transient diodes. This antenna-feed surge protector 10 does not use any electronic components, making assembly simple and eliminating complex processes. This avoids uncontrollable factors during assembly, such as the risk of component pads falling off due to the lack of soldering. High consistency also facilitates debugging, eliminating the need to consider component reliability, and ensuring safety and control. Furthermore, only the circuit board 13 needs to be manufactured and controlled, reducing product size and cost. This also eliminates the need for a large number of assembly and debugging personnel, thus reducing personnel costs.

[0050] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna surge protector, characterized in that: It includes a shell, a connector and a circuit board; the shell has a accommodating cavity, the circuit board is located in the accommodating cavity and has the connectors connected to both ends respectively; the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate and a printed circuit, the printed circuit includes a core wire, two flat plate capacitors and three transmission lines, the flat plate capacitors are spaced apart on the core wire and serve as decoupling, the transmission lines are connected to the core wire and to the ground, and the transmission lines are provided on both sides of each flat plate capacitor.

2. The antenna surge protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission lines at both ends are distributed side by side on the first side of the core line, and the transmission line in the middle is located on the second side of the core line.

3. The antenna surge protector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core wire is divided into a first section, a second section and a third section. The first section, the second section and the third section are respectively connected to the transmission line. The ends of the first section and the second section, and the second section and the third section overlap to form the flat plate capacitor.

4. The antenna surge protector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first segment and the second segment are spaced apart and arranged on the TOP layer of the dielectric substrate, and the third segment is located on the BOT layer of the dielectric substrate.

5. The antenna surge protector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The housing comprises an upper housing and a lower housing which are detachably connected, and the circuit board is clamped and fixed between the upper housing and the lower housing.

6. The antenna surge protector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper shell and the lower shell are both provided with an avoidance groove, and the cross-sectional shape of the avoidance groove matches the shape of the printed circuit.

7. The antenna surge protector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper shell is provided with a protrusion, and the lower shell is provided with a receiving groove for embedding the circuit board. The protrusion is embedded in the receiving groove and presses the circuit board.

8. The antenna surge protector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The upper shell and the lower shell are spliced ​​and connected by threaded fasteners.

9. The antenna surge protector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross sections of the upper shell and the lower shell are both L-shaped.

10. The antenna surge protector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The connector includes an SMA connector and an N-type connector, and the connector is detachably connected to the housing via a threaded fastener.

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