Turbine shell assembly and air cycle machine
By installing an ultrasonic generator and heating components on the outlet pipe wall of the turbine casing assembly and utilizing cavitation and heating to form a water film, the problem of icing in the turbine outlet pipe is solved, achieving efficient and damage-free deicing and ensuring stable system operation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422974908.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-14
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-03
AI Technical Summary
In traditional air circulation refrigeration systems, ice on the pipes at the turbine outlet requires manual intervention or the introduction of high-temperature airflow for de-icing, which is inefficient and may damage the pipes or reduce refrigeration efficiency.
An ultrasonic generator and a heating component are set on the outlet pipe wall of the turbine shell assembly. Ultrasonic cavitation and heating are used to form a water film to break the ice layer, and the de-icing process is controlled in real time through pressure difference detection.
Achieve efficient and damage-free deicing, avoid mechanical wear and cooling capacity loss, and ensure stable system operation.
Smart Images
Figure CN223434929U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of air conditioning design, and in particular relates to a turbine shell component and an air cycle machine. Background Art
[0002] In traditional air circulation refrigeration systems, pipe icing is a common problem. Under normal operating conditions of air circulation refrigeration systems, pipe icing often occurs at the outlet of the air circulation machine turbine, especially at the connecting pipe section from the air circulation machine turbine outlet to the next-stage heat exchanger. Due to different component interfaces, this pipe section often adopts a variable diameter design. Since the temperature at the outlet of the air circulation machine turbine is relatively low, icing is prone to occur, causing ice to accumulate here. Therefore, manual intervention is often required for de-icing, which is not only inefficient but also may cause damage to the pipeline. Related technologies also disclose a method of directly passing high-temperature airflow into the icing area for de-icing, but this method will significantly reduce the cooling capacity of the air circulation refrigeration system and reduce the cooling efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0003] Therefore, the utility model provides a turbine housing assembly and an air cycle machine, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art of air cycle machines in which ice forms on the inner wall of the turbine outlet pipe and requires manual intervention or the introduction of high-temperature airflow for de-icing, resulting in low efficiency, damage to the pipeline, or reduced system cooling capacity.
[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a turbine housing assembly, including a turbine housing body and an air outlet pipe formed on the turbine housing body. The turbine housing assembly also includes an ultrasonic deicing device, and the ultrasonic deicing device includes an ultrasonic generator, which is arranged on the pipe wall of the air outlet pipe.
[0005] In some embodiments, a plurality of ultrasonic generators are provided, and the plurality of ultrasonic generators are evenly spaced around the wall of the air outlet pipe.
[0006] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic deicing device further includes an ultrasonic controller, and the ultrasonic controller is used to control the start and stop of the ultrasonic generator.
[0007] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic deicing device further includes a pressure difference detection component, which is used to detect the difference between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the outlet pipe. The ultrasonic controller can control the start and stop of the ultrasonic generator according to the height of the difference.
[0008] In some embodiments, the turbine housing assembly further includes a heating component configured to heat the air outlet pipe.
[0009] In some embodiments, the heating component includes a plurality of electric heaters, and the electric heaters are evenly spaced around the wall of the gas outlet pipe.
[0010] In some embodiments, the electric heaters and the ultrasonic generators are alternately arranged at even intervals along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the air outlet pipe.
[0011] In some embodiments, the heating component and the ultrasonic generator are both disposed on the outer wall of the air outlet pipe.
[0012] In some embodiments, the air outlet pipe has a diameter-reducing section, and the heating component and the ultrasonic generator are both disposed on the diameter-reducing section.
[0013] The utility model also provides an air cycle machine, comprising the turbine housing assembly.
[0014] The turbine housing assembly and air cycle machine provided by the utility model have the following beneficial effects:
[0015] An ultrasonic generator is arranged on the wall of the outlet pipe of the turbine housing assembly. When ice forms in the outlet pipe, the ultrasonic generator is controlled to operate. Under the action of ultrasonic waves, water in the ice layer in the outlet pipe generates cavity bubbles under the action of cavitation. The cavity bubbles expand and close repeatedly and implode. Instantaneous local high pressure is generated during the implosion process, thereby breaking the ice attached to the pipe wall, thereby achieving the purpose of de-icing the inner wall of the outlet pipe. Compared with the manual de-icing method in the prior art, the ultrasonic generator adopted by the utility model utilizes cavitation to de-ice, and the de-icing efficiency is higher. The ultrasonic deicing method has high efficiency and will not damage the inner wall of the outlet pipe. In other words, the ultrasonic deicing method has no physical contact with the inner wall of the pipe, avoiding mechanical wear, protecting the pipe from damage, and extending the service life of the equipment. The ultrasonic vibration energy is used to quickly break up the ice layer. Compared with traditional mechanical deicing, ultrasonic technology can remove ice accumulation in the pipe more evenly and thoroughly. Compared with the existing method of introducing high-temperature airflow to melt ice, the technical solution of the utility model does not affect the temperature of the outlet airflow in the outlet pipe during the deicing process, preventing fluctuations in the outlet air temperature and without losing the system cooling capacity.
[0016] By providing multiple ultrasonic generators, a structure that fully surrounds the circumference of the outlet pipe can be formed, so that ice formed in the circumference of the outlet pipe can be removed efficiently, ensuring that the ice is removed more thoroughly.
[0017] The differential pressure sensor is connected to the inlet and outlet of the outlet pipe to detect the difference between the inlet and outlet of the outlet pipe. The differential pressure of the inlet and outlet airflow of the outlet pipe is then used to determine whether ice has formed in the outlet pipe. The ultrasonic controller can control the operation of each ultrasonic generator based on the pressure difference, making de-icing more real-time, intelligent, and efficient.
[0018] The operation of the heating component causes the ice layer formed on the inner wall surface of the outlet pipe to be heated to form a water film between the inner wall surface. At this time, the water film generates more cavity bubbles under the action of cavitation. The cavity bubbles repeatedly expand and close and implode. During the implosion process, instantaneous local high pressure is generated to accelerate the ice crushing process. That is, the setting of the heating component can be operated before the ultrasonic generator is operated to heat the space between the inner wall surface of the outlet pipe and the ice layer to melt and form a water film, thereby improving the effect and efficiency of ultrasonic deicing.
[0019] Placing both the heating component and the ultrasonic generator on the outer wall of the outlet pipe can prevent the resistance to the outlet air flow caused by placing them on the inner wall of the outlet pipe, reduce the outlet loss, and overcome the shortcomings of placing them inside the pipe wall of the outlet pipe, which leads to complex structural design and increased production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. The drawings described below are merely exemplary. For those skilled in the art, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without inventive effort.
[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the turbine housing assembly and the heat exchanger in the air cycle machine of an embodiment of the present utility model in an assembled state.
[0022] The accompanying drawings are:
[0023] 1. Turbine housing; 11. Exhaust pipe;
[0024] 21. Ultrasonic generator; 22. Ultrasonic controller; 23. Pressure difference detection component;
[0025] 3. Heating components;
[0026] 100. Heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0028] In the description of the present invention, it needs to be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.
[0029] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90° or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.
[0030] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0031] The outlet temperature of the air cycle machine is below 0℃ during normal operation. When the air entering the air cycle machine has a high moisture content, ice blockage is likely to occur and the outlet pressure becomes abnormal. The air cycle machine can reach tens of thousands of revolutions per minute during normal operation. When the system pressure is unstable, it is easy to cause instability in the rotor system of the air cycle machine, resulting in abnormal vibration of the rotor and permanent damage to the air cycle machine.
[0032] See also Figure 1 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a turbine housing assembly is provided, comprising a turbine housing body 1 and an outlet pipe 11 formed on the turbine housing body 1. The turbine housing assembly also includes an ultrasonic deicing device (not labeled in the figure), the ultrasonic deicing device including an ultrasonic generator 21, the ultrasonic generator 21 being disposed on the wall of the outlet pipe 11. It is understood that the ultrasonic generator 21 can be a commercially available component in the prior art, i.e., a mature product, and can be selected in specific applications based on actual application requirements. Generally speaking, the frequency range of the ultrasonic generator 21 is above 20kHz.
[0033] In this technical solution, an ultrasonic generator 21 is provided on the wall of the outlet pipe 11 of the turbine housing assembly. When ice forms in the outlet pipe 11, the ultrasonic generator 21 is controlled to operate. Under the action of ultrasonic waves, the water in the ice layer in the outlet pipe 11 generates cavitation bubbles under the action of cavitation. The cavitation bubbles repeatedly expand and close and implode. During the implosion process, instantaneous local high pressure is generated, thereby breaking the ice attached to the pipe wall, thereby achieving the purpose of de-icing the inner wall of the outlet pipe 11. Compared with the manual de-icing method in the prior art, the ultrasonic generator 21 adopted by the utility model utilizes cavitation to De-icing has higher de-icing efficiency and will not damage the inner wall of the outlet pipe 11. That is, the ultrasonic de-icing method has no physical contact with the inner wall of the pipe, thus avoiding mechanical wear, protecting the pipe from damage, and extending the service life of the equipment. The vibration energy of the ultrasonic wave is used to quickly break up the ice layer. Compared with traditional mechanical de-icing, ultrasonic technology can remove ice accumulation in the pipe more evenly and thoroughly. Compared with the method of introducing high-temperature airflow to melt ice in the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention will not affect the temperature of the outlet airflow in the outlet pipe 11 during the de-icing process, thereby preventing fluctuations in the outlet air temperature and not losing the system cooling capacity.
[0034] In the specific application process, see Figure 1 As shown, a heat exchanger 100 connected to the outlet of the air outlet pipe 11 is provided, that is, the heat exchanger 100 is provided on the downstream pipeline of the air outlet pipe 11. At this time, a corresponding ice particle discharge channel is provided in the heat exchanger 100 to discharge the crushed ice particles formed by deicing.
[0035] In some embodiments, a plurality of ultrasonic generators 21 are provided, and the plurality of ultrasonic generators 21 are evenly spaced around the wall of the air outlet pipe 11 .
[0036] In this technical solution, by setting up multiple ultrasonic generators 21, a structure that fully surrounds the outlet pipe 11 in the circumferential direction can be formed, so that all ice formed in the circumferential direction of the outlet pipe 11 can be efficiently removed, ensuring that the ice is removed more thoroughly.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the ultrasonic de-icing device further includes an ultrasonic controller 22 for controlling the start and stop of the ultrasonic generator 21. It should be noted that the ultrasonic controller 22 can be a conventional controller. In the present invention, the configuration of this conventional ultrasonic controller 22 within the turbine housing assembly provides a high level of integration, eliminating the need for separate control components for the ultrasonic generator 21 during actual use.
[0038] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic deicing device further includes a pressure differential detection component 23 for detecting the difference between the inlet and outlet pressures of the outlet pipe 11. The ultrasonic controller 22 can control the start and stop of the ultrasonic generator 21 based on the level of the pressure differential. The pressure differential detection component 23 can specifically be a commercially available pressure differential sensor in the prior art. Specifically, the pressure differential sensor is connected to both the inlet and outlet of the outlet pipe 11 for detection, thereby detecting the inlet and outlet pressure differential of the outlet pipe 11. The ultrasonic controller 22 can then control the operation of each ultrasonic generator 21 based on the pressure differential, making deicing more real-time, intelligent, and efficient.
[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the turbine shell assembly also includes a heating component 3, which is used to heat the outlet pipe 11, so that the ice layer formed on the inner wall surface of the outlet pipe 11 and the inner wall surface are heated to form a water film. At this time, the water film will produce more cavity bubbles under the action of cavitation. The cavity bubbles expand and close repeatedly and implode. During the implosion process, instantaneous local high pressure is generated to accelerate the ice crushing process. That is, through the setting of the heating component 3, the heating can be operated before the ultrasonic generator 21 is operated to melt the water film between the inner wall surface of the outlet pipe 11 and the ice layer, thereby improving the effect and efficiency of ultrasonic deicing.
[0040] In a specific embodiment, the heating component 3 includes multiple electric heaters, each of which is evenly spaced around the wall of the outlet pipe 11, thereby providing uniform heating to each circumferential region of the outlet pipe 11, thereby forming a relatively complete water film on the inner wall of the outlet pipe 11 to ensure de-icing effect in each region. Typically, the aforementioned electric heaters operate at a temperature of 80-100°C, and ceramic heating plates or metal foil heating plates can be used. Unlike the common hot air bypass (above 200°C) that directly passes hot air into the pipe to melt the ice layer, this temperature can melt a small amount of ice near the inner wall of the pipe into water, providing conditions for the cavitation effect without significantly reducing the cooling effect.
[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the electric heaters and the ultrasonic generators 21 are alternately arranged at uniform intervals along the axial and circumferential directions of the air outlet pipe 11. The alternating arrangement of the ultrasonic generators 21 and the electric heaters can ensure comprehensive and thorough ultrasonic deicing.
[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the heating component 3 and the ultrasonic generator 21 are both disposed on the outer wall of the air outlet pipe 11 .
[0043] In this technical solution, the heating component 3 and the ultrasonic generator 21 are both arranged on the outer wall surface of the outlet pipe 11, which can prevent the resistance to the outlet air flow caused by setting them on the inner wall surface of the outlet pipe 11, reduce the outlet loss, and overcome the shortcomings of setting them inside the pipe wall of the outlet pipe 11, which leads to complex structural design and increased production costs.
[0044] In order to ensure smooth communication between the air outlet pipe 11 and the downstream heat exchanger 100, in some embodiments, the air outlet pipe 11 has a variable diameter section, and ice is very easy to form on the inner wall surface of the variable diameter section. Therefore, the heating component 3 and the ultrasonic generator 21 are both arranged on the variable diameter section to achieve a more targeted deicing effect.
[0045] The technical solution of the present utility model is further described below in conjunction with a specific embodiment.
[0046] Specifically, when the pressure sensor (i.e., the aforementioned pressure difference detection component 23) detects that the upstream and downstream pressure difference (i.e., the inlet and outlet pressure difference of the aforementioned outlet pipe 11) increases and exceeds the preset opening threshold x (x can be set to 8~50kPa), the control system (i.e., the aforementioned ultrasonic controller 22) determines it as an icing fault and turns on the de-icing function. First, the heater (i.e., the aforementioned heating component 3) is started, and the temperature is adjusted to 80~100°C. A small amount of ice layer attached to the inner wall melts and liquid water appears. Then the ultrasonic generator (i.e., the aforementioned ultrasonic generator 21) is started. The ultrasonic wave is transmitted along the pipe wall to the installation position (the pipe diameter change point, i.e., the aforementioned diameter change section) and causes cavitation effect in the ice layer inside the wall. A large number of cavitation bubbles are generated in the melted water, generating a momentary high-pressure pulse, causing the instantaneous pressure inside the ice layer to increase, causing the ice layer to break and fall off. In addition, the ultrasonic generator transmits ultrasonic energy to the inner wall of the pipeline. The vibration energy of the ultrasonic wave will be absorbed by the ice layer, causing the microstructure inside the ice to change, resulting in an increase in the internal stress of the ice layer. When the vibration energy of the ultrasonic wave is large enough, it can cause cracks inside the ice layer, and eventually break the ice layer into small pieces, which fall off the surface of the pipeline and achieve de-icing. When the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the pipeline returns to normal, that is, when the pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference is less than the preset stop threshold y (y can be set to 5-50kPa), the signal is transmitted to the control system, and the control system turns off the de-icing function, the heater and the ultrasonic generator.
[0047] The ultrasonic deicing device of this utility model is directly installed at the outlet of the air cycle machine turbine, that is, the outlet pipe 11. As the product is used, it can automatically detect abnormalities in the early stage of ice formation and start the deicing process. The following are common usage scenarios:
[0048] (1) During the daily operation of the air circulation refrigeration system: During the daily operation of the air circulation refrigeration system, ice may form at the turbine outlet of the air circulation machine due to changes in ambient temperature or increases in humidity. The control system of the ultrasonic deicing device will automatically adjust the intensity of the sound waves generated by the ultrasonic generator according to the severity of the ice to adapt to different ice conditions;
[0049] (2) Application under extreme weather conditions: In extremely low temperature or high humidity environments, the air circulation refrigeration system faces a greater risk of icing. Once signs of icing are detected, the de-icing program is immediately started to prevent the system from malfunctioning due to icing.
[0050] (3) During maintenance and overhaul: During maintenance and overhaul of the air circulation refrigeration system, the staff may need to manually start the ultrasonic de-icing device to remove any ice that may have accumulated.
[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an air cycle machine is provided, including the turbine housing assembly described above. Due to the use of the turbine housing assembly, an ultrasonic generator 21 is disposed on the wall of the outlet pipe 11 of the turbine housing assembly. When ice forms in the outlet pipe 11, the ultrasonic generator 21 is controlled to operate. Under the action of ultrasonic waves, water in the ice layer in the outlet pipe 11 generates cavitation bubbles due to cavitation. The cavitation bubbles repeatedly expand and close, and implode. During the implosion, instantaneous local high pressure is generated, thereby breaking up ice attached to the pipe wall, thereby achieving the purpose of de-icing the inner wall of the outlet pipe 11. Compared with the manual de-icing method in the prior art, the ultrasonic generator 21 used in the present invention utilizes cavitation to de-ice, which has higher de-icing efficiency and does not damage the inner wall of the outlet pipe 11. Compared with the method of introducing high-temperature airflow to melt ice in the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention does not affect the temperature of the outlet airflow in the outlet pipe 11 during the de-icing process, thereby preventing fluctuations in the outlet air temperature and without losing system cooling capacity.
[0052] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, under the premise of no conflict, the advantageous technical features of the above-mentioned methods can be freely combined and superimposed.
[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. Such improvements and variations shall also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A turbine shell assembly, comprising a turbine shell body (1) and an air outlet pipe (11) formed on the turbine shell body (1), characterized in that: It also includes an ultrasonic deicing device, which includes an ultrasonic generator (21). The ultrasonic generator (21) is arranged on the pipe wall of the air outlet pipe (11).
2. The turbine housing assembly according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of ultrasonic generators (21) are provided, and the plurality of ultrasonic generators (21) are evenly spaced around the wall of the air outlet pipe (11).
3. The turbine housing assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The ultrasonic deicing device further comprises an ultrasonic controller (22), and the ultrasonic controller (22) is used to control the start and stop of the ultrasonic generator (21).
4. The turbine housing assembly according to claim 3, wherein: The ultrasonic deicing device further includes a pressure difference detection component (23) for detecting the difference between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the outlet pipe (11). The ultrasonic controller (22) can control the start and stop of the ultrasonic generator (21) according to the difference.
5. The turbine housing assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a heating component (3), and the heating component (3) is used to heat the air outlet pipe (11).
6. The turbine housing assembly according to claim 5, wherein: The heating component (3) comprises a plurality of electric heaters, each of which is evenly spaced around the wall of the air outlet pipe (11).
7. The turbine housing assembly according to claim 6, wherein: The electric heaters and the ultrasonic generators (21) are alternately arranged at even intervals along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the air outlet pipe (11).
8. The turbine housing assembly according to claim 5, wherein: The heating component (3) and the ultrasonic generator (21) are both arranged on the outer wall surface of the air outlet pipe (11).
9. The turbine housing assembly according to claim 8, wherein: The air outlet pipe (11) has a diameter-reducing section, and the heating component (3) and the ultrasonic generator (21) are both arranged on the diameter-reducing section.
10. An air cycle machine, characterized in that: A turbine housing assembly comprising the turbine housing assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9.