Household energy storage battery charging and discharging management system

Abstract

According to the household energy storage battery charging and discharging management system provided by the utility model, the charging and discharging control circuit with double MOS transistors connected in parallel is adopted, and the conduction states of the MOS transistors are controlled by using PWM signals, so that accurate adjustment of charging and discharging current can be realized. According to the design, the safety of the system can be improved, the load resistance of the circuit can be effectively reduced, and the output power and efficiency of the circuit are improved. Meanwhile, the parallel design of the double MOS tubes can enhance the reliability of the system, and even if one MOS tube breaks down, the system can still work normally.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of energy storage batteries, in particular to a household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread adoption of renewable energy, home energy storage systems are becoming an essential component of energy management. In these systems, the battery management system (BMS) is a core component that ensures safe and reliable battery operation. However, existing home energy storage battery charge and discharge management systems have several issues and shortcomings.

[0003] First, existing charge-discharge control systems typically use DC contactors to control the on / off switching of the charge-discharge circuit. This design poses a safety hazard because if the contactor fails or becomes stuck, it may not be able to disconnect the power circuit in time, leading to serious safety issues.

[0004] Secondly, traditional charge and discharge control methods lack flexibility. Contactors have only two states: closed and open, making it impossible to adjust the charge and discharge currents in real time. This limitation forces the system to charge the battery at a fixed, high current. While this speeds up charging, it negatively impacts battery life and increases safety risks.

[0005] Furthermore, existing systems lack sophisticated battery management. The lack of real-time, precise monitoring and control of battery status makes it difficult to optimize battery performance. Furthermore, system reliability and stability also face challenges, particularly during long-term operation and under various abnormal conditions.

[0006] Finally, existing home energy storage systems often lack comprehensive protection measures and auxiliary functions. For example, the lack of functions such as insulation status monitoring and rapid protection response in abnormal situations can lead to safety risks in actual use.

[0007] These issues seriously affect the safety, efficiency, and lifespan of home energy storage systems, limiting their promotion and use in practical applications. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a safer, more flexible, and more efficient home energy storage battery charge and discharge management system. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system to solve the problems of poor safety, inaccurate current control and the like existing in the prior art.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model discloses technical scheme is: a kind of family energy storage battery charge-discharge management system, including battery front-end acquisition circuit, main control circuit and charge-discharge control circuit.The battery front-end acquisition circuit is used to collect the voltage and temperature signal of energy storage battery.The main control circuit is electrically connected with the battery front-end acquisition circuit, for processing the voltage and temperature signal and output control signal.The charge-discharge control circuit is electrically connected with the main control circuit, for managing the charge-discharge of energy storage battery according to the control signal.The charge-discharge control circuit includes charging loop and discharging loop, and the charging loop and discharging loop are all designed with double MOS tube parallel connection.The main control circuit controls the conduction state of the double MOS tube by PWM signal, realizes the regulation of charge-discharge current.

[0010] In addition, RC absorption loop is equipped between the MOS tube in the charging loop and discharging loop, and the RC absorption loop is used to reduce voltage oscillation in the switching process of MOS tube.

[0011] Further, the family energy storage battery charge-discharge management system further includes power supply / voltage stabilizing circuit, and is electrically connected with the main control circuit, for providing stable power supply for system.

[0012] Specifically, the family energy storage battery charge-discharge management system further includes communication connection circuit, and is electrically connected with the main control circuit, for realizing the data interaction of system and external device.

[0013] Further, the family energy storage battery charge-discharge management system further includes indicator light control circuit, and is electrically connected with the main control circuit, for showing system operating state.

[0014] In addition, the family energy storage battery charge-discharge management system further includes insulation detection circuit, and is electrically connected with the main control circuit, for monitoring the insulation state of system.

[0015] Further, the family energy storage battery charge-discharge management system further includes data storage circuit, and is electrically connected with the main control circuit, for storing system operating data.

[0016] Specifically, the family energy storage battery charge-discharge management system further includes input feedback circuit, and is electrically connected with the main control circuit, for receiving external control signal and feeding back to main control circuit.

[0017] Further, the family energy storage battery charge-discharge management system further includes output control circuit, and is electrically connected with the main control circuit and charge-discharge control circuit, for controlling system output according to the instruction of main control circuit.

[0018] Furthermore, the household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system also includes a protection circuit, which is electrically connected to the main control circuit and the charge and discharge control circuit. The protection circuit includes a fuse and a circuit breaker, which is used to cut off the circuit when an abnormality occurs in the system to protect the energy storage battery and the system.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: by adopting a charge and discharge control circuit with two MOS transistors in parallel and using PWM signals to control the conduction state of the MOS transistors, precise regulation of the charge and discharge currents is achieved. This design not only improves system safety but also effectively reduces the circuit's load resistance, increasing the circuit's output power and efficiency. Furthermore, the dual MOS transistor parallel design enhances system reliability, ensuring that even if one MOS transistor fails, the system can still operate normally.

[0020] Furthermore, the present invention includes multiple functional modules, such as a power supply / voltage stabilization circuit, a communication connection circuit, and an indicator light control circuit. These modules further enhance the system's functionality. In particular, the RC snubber circuit effectively reduces voltage fluctuations during MOS transistor switching, further improving system stability. The inclusion of a protection circuit significantly enhances system safety, enabling timely circuit disconnection in abnormal situations to protect the energy storage battery and the entire system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a partial schematic diagram of a household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that those skilled in the art may modify the present invention described herein while still achieving the beneficial effects of the present invention. Therefore, the following description should be understood as a general guide for those skilled in the art and not as a limitation of the present invention.

[0024] The following paragraphs describe the present invention in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are greatly simplified and not to exact scale, and are intended solely to facilitate and clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system provided by the present invention includes a battery front-end acquisition circuit, a main control circuit, and a charge and discharge control circuit. The battery front-end acquisition circuit is used to collect voltage and temperature signals from the energy storage battery; the main control circuit is electrically connected to the battery front-end acquisition circuit and is used to process the voltage and temperature signals and output control signals; the charge and discharge control circuit is electrically connected to the main control circuit and is used to manage the charge and discharge of the energy storage battery according to the control signals.

[0026] The charge-discharge control circuit includes a charging circuit and a discharging circuit, both of which utilize dual MOS transistors in parallel. The main control circuit controls the conduction state of the dual MOS transistors via PWM signals to regulate the charge and discharge currents. The battery front-end acquisition circuit is used to collect voltage and temperature signals from the energy storage battery.

[0027] Preferably, the battery front-end acquisition circuit includes a voltage acquisition module and a temperature acquisition module. The voltage acquisition module preferably uses a sensor with a sampling accuracy of 0.1mV, which is commonly used in the prior art. The temperature acquisition module preferably uses a sensor with a sampling accuracy of 0.1°C. This high-precision acquisition ensures that the system can obtain battery status information in a timely and accurate manner, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent control decisions.

[0028] The main control circuit is used to process the voltage and temperature signals and output control signals. Preferably, the main control circuit uses a high-performance MCU (microcontroller unit), such as an MCU using a 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 core with a main frequency of up to 180 MHz. The use of such a high-performance MCU can ensure that the system has sufficient processing power to quickly respond to various complex control algorithms and data processing requirements.

[0029] The charge-discharge control circuit includes a charging circuit and a discharging circuit, both of which utilize a dual MOSFET in parallel design. Preferably, the MOSFETs are MOSFETs with low on-resistance, such as those with an Rds(on) of less than 10mΩ. This design not only improves the system's current-carrying capacity but also effectively reduces heat generation, improving overall system efficiency.

[0030] In addition, an RC snubber circuit is provided between the MOS transistors in the charging and discharging circuits to reduce voltage fluctuations during the MOS transistor switching process. Preferably, the resistance value in the RC snubber circuit is selected between 10Ω and 100Ω, and the capacitance value is selected between 1nF and 10nF. This design effectively suppresses voltage spikes during the MOS transistor switching process, reduces electromagnetic interference, and improves the electromagnetic compatibility of the system.

[0031] For details, please refer to Figure 2 In the charging control circuit, capacitor C7 and resistor R1 are connected in series and in parallel with resistor R4. The connection point between resistors R1 and R4 is connected to the gate of MOS transistor Q2 and one end of resistor R7, respectively. The other end of resistor R7 is connected to the drain of MOS transistor Q2 via capacitor C3. Capacitor C8 and resistor R5 are connected in series and in parallel with resistor R6. The connection point between resistors R5 and R6 is connected to the gate of MOS transistor Q4 and one end of resistor R9, respectively. The other end of resistor R9 is connected to the drain of MOS transistor Q4 via capacitor C5. The source of MOS transistor Q4 is connected in parallel with resistors R14 and R15, respectively. The connection point between resistors R14 and R15 is connected to capacitor C6, which is connected in parallel with capacitor C5 and capacitor C3, respectively.

[0032] In the discharge control circuit, capacitor C10 and resistor R16 are connected in series and in parallel with resistor R13. The junction of resistors R16 and R13 is connected to the gate of MOS transistor Q3 and one end of resistor R10, respectively. The other end of resistor R10 is connected to the drain of MOS transistor Q3 via capacitor C4. Capacitor C9 and resistor R12 are connected in series and in parallel with resistor R11. The junction of resistors R12 and R11 is connected to the gate of MOS transistor Q1 and one end of resistor R8, respectively. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to the drain of MOS transistor Q1 via capacitor C2. The source of MOS transistor Q1 is connected in parallel with resistors R3 and R2, respectively. The junction of resistors R3 and R2 is connected to capacitor C1, which is connected in parallel with capacitors C2 and C4, respectively.

[0033] In the entire charge-discharge control circuit, the drain of MOS transistor Q2 is connected to PCS+ through a switch, the source of MOS transistor Q2 is connected to the source of MOS transistor Q3, and the drain of MOS transistor Q3 is connected to PCS-. The drain of MOS transistor Q4 is connected to PCS+ through a switch, and the source of MOS transistor Q4 is connected to the source of MOS transistor Q3. The source of MOS transistor Q1 is connected to the source of MOS transistor Q2 and the source of MOS transistor Q4, respectively.

[0034] The main control circuit controls the conduction state of the dual MOS transistors via a PWM signal to adjust the charge and discharge current. Preferably, the PWM signal frequency is set between 20kHz and 100kHz to ensure control accuracy while avoiding audible noise. By adjusting the PWM signal duty cycle, fine current regulation within the range of 0.1A to 100A can be achieved to meet the needs of different charge and discharge stages.

[0035] Specifically, the PWM signals of the main control circuit are divided into CHG and DSG signals. The CHG signal line connects from the BMS management unit to resistors R4 and R6 of the charge control circuit. The DSG signal line connects from the BMS management unit to resistors R13 and R11 of the discharge control circuit. The PCS+ terminal of the two circuits is common and connected to the output terminals of their respective circuits. The two circuits share the same ground point. The main control circuit of the BMS management unit controls the charge control circuit and the discharge control circuit respectively via the CHG and DSG signal lines.

[0036] Furthermore, the household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system also includes a power supply / voltage stabilization circuit electrically connected to the main control circuit to provide a stable power supply for the system. This power supply / voltage stabilization circuit preferably employs a common multi-stage voltage stabilization design, including switching and linear voltage stabilization, to provide the system with multiple stable operating voltages, such as 3.3V, 5V, and 12V. This design effectively suppresses power ripple and ensures the proper operation of each module.

[0037] Specifically, the home energy storage battery charge and discharge management system also includes a communication connection circuit electrically connected to the main control circuit for enabling data exchange between the system and external devices. The communication connection circuit is preferably a conventional circuit that supports multiple communication protocols, such as CAN, RS485, and Ethernet. This circuit can improve the system's compatibility and scalability, facilitating integration with other smart home devices or energy management systems.

[0038] Furthermore, the household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system also includes an indicator light control circuit electrically connected to the main control circuit for displaying the system's operating status. The indicator light control circuit preferably utilizes an LED indicator light, which can indicate different system states, such as normal operation, charging, discharging, and fault, using different colors and flashing frequencies. This intuitive status display helps users quickly understand the system's operating status.

[0039] In addition, the household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system also includes an insulation detection circuit, which is electrically connected to the main control circuit and is used to monitor the insulation status of the system. The insulation detection circuit preferably uses a common high-voltage differential sampling circuit to monitor the insulation resistance of the battery pack to ground in real time. When the insulation resistance falls below a set threshold (for example, 100kΩ), the system will immediately alarm and take appropriate protective measures. This circuit can greatly improve the safety of the system and prevent safety accidents caused by poor insulation.

[0040] Furthermore, the household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system also includes a data storage circuit electrically connected to the main control circuit for storing system operating data. This data storage circuit preferably utilizes a common high-capacity EEPROM or Flash memory to record system operating parameters, fault information, charge and discharge curves, and other data. This data can be used for system performance analysis, fault diagnosis, and predictive maintenance, helping to improve the long-term reliability of the system.

[0041] Specifically, the household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system also includes an input feedback circuit electrically connected to the main control circuit for receiving external control signals and feeding them back to the main control circuit. This input feedback circuit can receive control instructions from a user interface or smart home system, such as setting charge and discharge modes and power limits. This input feedback circuit can utilize proven solutions from existing technologies. This circuit enhances the controllability and flexibility of the system, allowing users to adjust the system's operating state based on actual needs.

[0042] Furthermore, the household energy storage battery charge-discharge management system also includes an output control circuit electrically connected to the main control circuit and the charge-discharge control circuit, configured to control the system output according to instructions from the main control circuit. The output control circuit can dynamically adjust the output power and voltage based on factors such as battery status and load demand. Similarly, the output control circuit can also utilize proven solutions from existing technologies. This intelligent control can optimize energy utilization, extend battery life, and improve overall system efficiency.

[0043] Furthermore, the home energy storage battery charge and discharge management system also includes a protection circuit electrically connected to the main control circuit and the charge and discharge control circuit. This protection circuit, comprising fuses and circuit breakers, is designed to disconnect the circuit in the event of a system anomaly, protecting the energy storage battery and the system. Preferably, the fuse is a fast-blow fuse with a rated current selected based on the system's maximum operating current; the circuit breaker is an intelligent circuit breaker with overcurrent, short-circuit, and leakage protection. This multi-protection design allows for rapid circuit disconnection in various abnormal situations, maximizing system and user safety.

[0044] This utility model's household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system utilizes a charge and discharge control circuit with two MOSFETs in parallel. Using PWM signals to control the conduction state of the MOSFETs, it achieves precise regulation of the charge and discharge currents. This design improves system safety and reliability, significantly reduces the circuit's load resistance, and increases its output power and efficiency. The dual MOSFETs in parallel design enhances system redundancy, ensuring that even if one MOSFET fails, the system remains operational, significantly improving system reliability.

[0045] The system integrates multiple functional modules, including power supply / voltage regulation circuits, communication connection circuits, and indicator light control circuits, further enhancing system functionality. In particular, the RC snubber circuit design effectively reduces voltage fluctuations during MOSFET switching, further improving system stability and electromagnetic compatibility. The introduction of a protection circuit significantly enhances system safety, enabling timely circuit disconnection in abnormal situations to protect the energy storage battery and the entire system. High-precision battery front-end acquisition circuits and high-performance main control circuits ensure the system accurately monitors battery status and responds quickly, optimizing charging and discharging strategies and extending battery life. Support for multiple communication interfaces enhances system compatibility and scalability, facilitating integration with other smart home devices or energy management systems. Data storage and analysis capabilities provide the foundation for long-term optimization and predictive maintenance. Overall, this system offers significant improvements in safety, reliability, efficiency, and intelligence, providing a comprehensive solution for home energy storage applications.

[0046] It should be understood that the above-described specific embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explanation of the principles of the present invention and do not constitute limitations of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the appended claims of the present invention are intended to cover all variations and modifications that fall within the scope and metes and bounds of the appended claims, or equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system, characterized in that: include: Battery front-end acquisition circuit, used to collect voltage and temperature signals of energy storage batteries; A main control circuit, electrically connected to the battery front-end acquisition circuit, configured to receive the voltage and temperature signals and output a control signal; a charge and discharge control circuit, electrically connected to the main control circuit, and configured to control the charge and discharge of the energy storage battery according to the control signal; The charge and discharge control circuit includes a charge circuit and a discharge circuit, and both the charge circuit and the discharge circuit adopt a dual MOS tube parallel design; The main control circuit controls the conduction state of the dual MOS tubes through PWM signals to achieve regulation of the charge and discharge currents.

2. The household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An RC absorption circuit is provided between the MOS tubes in the charging circuit and the discharging circuit, and the RC absorption circuit is used to reduce voltage oscillation during the switching process of the MOS tube.

3. The household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a power supply / voltage stabilization circuit, which is electrically connected to the main control circuit and is used to provide a stable power supply for the system.

4. The household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a communication connection circuit, which is electrically connected to the main control circuit and is used to realize data interaction between the system and external devices.

5. The household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an indicator light control circuit, which is electrically connected to the main control circuit and is used to display the system operating status.

6. The household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an insulation detection circuit, which is electrically connected to the main control circuit and is used to monitor the insulation status of the system.

7. The household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a data storage circuit, which is electrically connected to the main control circuit and is used to store system operation data.

8. The household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an input feedback circuit, which is electrically connected to the main control circuit and is used to receive an external control signal and feed it back to the main control circuit.

9. The household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an output control circuit, which is electrically connected to the main control circuit and the charge and discharge control circuit and is used to control the system output according to the instructions of the main control circuit.

10. The household energy storage battery charge and discharge management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a protection circuit, which is electrically connected to the main control circuit and the charge and discharge control circuit. The protection circuit includes a fuse and a circuit breaker, which is used to cut off the circuit when an abnormality occurs in the system to protect the energy storage battery and the system.

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