Locking and releasing assembly for quick replacement of battery box

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locking and releasing assembly for quickly replacing a battery box. The locking and releasing assembly comprises a lock head and a lock nut, the lock head is used for being connected with the battery bracket and provided with a locking matching groove. The lock nut is used for being connected to the battery box and comprises a main body, a plurality of lock tongues and a driving mechanism, the main body is provided with a locking cavity, the lock tongues can stretch out and draw back in or stretch out of the locking cavity in the radial direction of the lock nut, and the driving mechanism is in transmission fit with the lock tongues. The locking and releasing assembly has a locking state and an unlocking state, in the locking state, the lock head is inserted into the locking cavity of the lock nut, the driving mechanism drives the lock tongues to stretch into the locking cavity and be inserted into the locking matching grooves of the lock head, and in the unlocking state, the driving mechanism drives the lock tongues to stretch out of the locking cavity so as to be separated from the locking matching grooves. According to the locking and releasing assembly for rapid replacement of the battery box, the lock nuts are provided with the multiple lock tongues, so that the locking force is improved, and the connection strength and the connection reliability are enhanced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery replacement, in particular to a locking release assembly for quick replacement of a battery box. BACKGROUND

[0002] The battery replacement vehicle is provided with a battery box for energy storage and a battery bracket device for fixing the battery box, the battery bracket device is fixed to the vehicle body of the vehicle, and the battery box supplies power for the power device of the vehicle to realize electric drive. After the power of the battery box is lower than the preset value, the battery replacement vehicle needs to replace the battery box to improve the ability of continuous operation. Therefore, the battery box and the battery bracket need to be frequently disassembled and assembled, and to ensure the convenience and stability of disassembly and assembly of the battery box and the battery bracket, a locking release assembly is arranged on the battery box and the battery bracket.

[0003] As disclosed in Chinese patent CN211764880U, a three-stage positioning and locking device for a battery box of an electric heavy truck, the locking release assembly in the device includes a positioning conical pin arranged on the battery bracket, a side-insertion type locking mechanism, and a positioning hole arranged on the battery box. The positioning conical pin cooperates with the positioning hole to realize the horizontal upward alignment of the battery box and the battery bracket, and the bottom frame crossbeam of the battery box cooperates with the side-insertion type locking mechanism to realize the connection of the battery box and the battery bracket. Two different structures are needed to realize positioning, and the structure occupies a large space. Further, the side-insertion type locking mechanism includes a cylinder, a connecting mechanism, a pneumatic fixing tongue, and a locking main body. The pneumatic fixing tongue is inserted into the locking hole in the middle of the locking main body under the pushing action of the cylinder, thereby fixing the battery replacement battery box on the battery bracket. The locking device has only one locking tongue, and the locking force of this connection mode is small. If the locking tongue is bent under force, the connection will fail immediately, and therefore, the connection reliability is low.

[0004] Therefore, the utility model is proposed. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] To solve one of the above problems, the utility model provides a locking release assembly for quick replacement of a battery box.

[0006] In order to realize the above utility model purposes, the utility model provides a locking release assembly for quick replacement of a battery box. The locking release assembly for quick replacement of a battery box comprises:

[0007] A lock head is used for connecting the battery bracket, and the lock head has a locking matching groove.

[0008] A lock core is used to connect to the battery box, the lock core comprises a main body, a plurality of lock latches and a driving mechanism, the main body has a locking cavity, each lock latch is movably arranged on the main body, each lock latch can be telescopically moved along the radial direction of the lock core, and each lock latch can extend into or out of the locking cavity, and the driving mechanism is arranged on the main body;

[0009] The lock release assembly has a locked state and an unlocked state, in the locked state, the lock head is inserted into the locking cavity of the lock core, and the driving mechanism drives each lock latch to extend into the locking cavity and be inserted into the locking matching groove of the lock head, in the unlocked state, the driving mechanism drives each lock latch to extend out of the locking cavity to be separated from the locking matching groove.

[0010] Optionally, the main body comprises a plurality of sliding grooves, and each sliding groove is sequentially and spacedly arranged around the circumference of the locking cavity;

[0011] Each sliding groove is in communication with the locking cavity;

[0012] Each lock latch is slidably connected to the corresponding sliding groove;

[0013] The driving mechanism is in transmission connection with each lock latch to drive each lock latch to slide along the sliding groove.

[0014] Optionally, the driving mechanism comprises a lock disc, and the lock disc is rotatably arranged on the main body;

[0015] One side of the lock disc in the thickness direction is provided with a spiral tooth groove;

[0016] The lock latch is provided with a matching tooth, and the matching tooth is in meshing connection with the spiral tooth;

[0017] The rotation of the lock disc can drive each lock latch to slide along the sliding groove.

[0018] Optionally, an annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the main body, and the lock disc is rotatably arranged in the annular groove;

[0019] In the locked state, the lock head penetrates through the center hole of the lock disc.

[0020] Optionally, the driving mechanism comprises a worm and a motor;

[0021] The surface of the main body is provided with a mounting groove, and the mounting groove is in communication with the annular groove;

[0022] The lock disc has a turbine part;

[0023] The worm is rotatably arranged on the main body, the worm is accommodated in the mounting groove, and the worm is in meshing connection with the turbine part.

[0024] The motor and the worm are in transmission connection.

[0025] Optionally, a first gear is connected to the worm;

[0026] A second gear is connected to the output end of the motor;

[0027] The first gear and the second gear are in engagement.

[0028] Optionally, the locking cavity has a conical cavity, the lock head has a conical segment and a lock catch connected to the conical segment, and the lock catch has the locking matching groove;

[0029] In the locked state, the conical segment is arranged in the conical cavity.

[0030] Optionally, the locking cavity includes a straight cavity, the straight cavity is located at the bottom of the conical cavity and is in communication with the large opening end of the conical cavity;

[0031] The lock head has a cylindrical segment, and the cylindrical segment is connected to the conical segment;

[0032] In the locked state, the cylindrical segment is located in the straight cavity, and the outer wall of the cylindrical segment and the inner wall of the straight cavity are in close fit.

[0033] Optionally, the lock catch has a lock catch body, a limiting body, a connecting body and a mounting body;

[0034] The connecting body is located between the lock catch body and the limiting body, and the connecting body is connected to the lock catch body and the limiting body respectively, and the locking matching groove is formed between the lock catch body and the limiting body;

[0035] The mounting body is connected to one end of the limiting body away from the lock catch body, and the mounting body is connected to the conical segment;

[0036] One end of the lock catch body away from the limiting body is provided with a conical surface.

[0037] Optionally, a flat surface is arranged on the thickness end surface of the limiting body;

[0038] The mounting body has an external thread to be threadedly connected to the conical segment.

[0039] By adopting the above technical scheme, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The locking release assembly for quick replacement of the battery box of the application comprises a lock nut and a lock head, the lock nut is installed on the battery box, and the lock head is installed on the battery bracket. A plurality of lock tongues are arranged on each lock nut, when the lock head is locked with the lock nut, the plurality of lock tongues on the lock nut are inserted into the locking matching grooves of the lock head, the number of lock tongues is increased, the locking force is improved, the possibility of simultaneous bending of the plurality of lock tongues causing connection failure is very small, therefore, the connection strength and connection reliability are enhanced. Moreover, the plurality of lock tongues are inserted into the locking matching grooves, the locking matching grooves limit the lock tongues on the upper and lower sides of the lock tongues, and the amplitude of the battery box relative to the battery bracket is reduced in the locked state. Furthermore, the locking release assembly of the application is locked by the cooperation of the lock tongues and the matching grooves, compared with the cooperation of the guide column and the frame of the battery bracket in the prior art, the guiding precision is significantly improved.

[0041] The specific embodiments of the utility model will be described in further detail below in combination with the drawings. DRAWINGS

[0042] The drawings are part of the application and serve to provide a further understanding of the utility model, the schematic embodiments of the utility model and the description thereof serve to explain the utility model but do not constitute improper limitation on the utility model. Apparently, the drawings described below are only some embodiments, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of the drawings. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1 It is the structural schematic diagram of the locking release assembly for quick replacement of the battery box provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0044] Figure 2 It is the structural schematic diagram of the locking release assembly for quick replacement of the battery box provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0045] Figure 3 It is the structural schematic diagram of the locking release assembly for quick replacement of the battery box provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0046] Figure 4 It is the exploded structural schematic diagram of the lock nut of the locking release assembly for quick replacement of the battery box provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0047] Figure 5 It is the structural schematic diagram of the base of the lock nut of the locking release assembly for quick replacement of the battery box provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0048] Figure 6 It is the structural schematic diagram of the lock disc of the lock nut of the locking release assembly for quick replacement of the battery box provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0049] Figure 7 is a structure schematic view of a locking tongue of a lock nut of a locking release assembly for quick replacement of a battery box provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 8 is a structure schematic view of a lock catch of a locking release assembly for quick replacement of a battery box provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 9 is a structure schematic view of a positioning section of a locking release assembly for quick replacement of a battery box provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 10 is a structure schematic view of a base of a locking release assembly for quick replacement of a battery box provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 11 is a structure schematic view of a locking release assembly in a locked state for quick replacement of a battery box provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0054] In the figure, the battery bracket 2, the lock nut 3, the cover body 31, the second groove body 311, the locking tongue 32, the pressing surface 321, the upper surface 322, the side surface 323, the matching tooth 324, the lock disc 33, the turbine part 331, the smooth section 332, the center hole 333, the helical tooth groove 334, the base body 34, the locking cavity 341, the tapered cylinder cavity 342, the worm bearing seat 343, the first groove body 344, the positioning body 35, the worm 36, the first gear 37, the motor 38, the second gear 39, the lock head 4, the lock catch 41, the lock catch body 411, the lock catch body side surface 412, the connecting body 413, the limiting body 414, the mounting body 415, the locking matching groove 416, the positioning section 42, the recess 421, the tapered section 422, the column section 423, the positioning section thread hole 424, the base 43, the base thread hole 431.

[0055] It should be noted that these drawings and written descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, and the following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but not to limit the scope of the present application.

[0057] In the description of the utility model, it needs to explain, the term "upper", "lower", "internal", "external" and so on indicate the orientation or position relation is based on the orientation or position relation shown in the drawing, only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and not indicate or imply the device or must have a specific orientation, with a specific orientation structure and operation, therefore cannot be understood as the limitation of the utility model.

[0058] In the description of the utility model, it needs to explain, unless otherwise specified and limited, the term "installation", "connection" should be broad understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integrally connected;Can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection;Can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through the intermediate medium. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] Referring to Figures 1 to 11 As shown in the application embodiment provides a kind of for battery box quick replacement locking release component, including lock head 4 and lock nut 3.The lock head 4 is used to connect battery bracket 2, the lock head 4 has locking groove 416.The lock nut 3 is used to connect in the battery box, the lock nut 3 includes main body, multiple lock tongue 32 and drive mechanism, the main body has locking cavity 341, each lock tongue 32 is movably arranged in the main body, each lock tongue 32 can be radially telescopic movement along the lock nut 3, extend into or extend out the locking cavity 341, the drive mechanism is arranged in the main body piece, the drive mechanism is transmission cooperation with each lock tongue 32.The locking release component has locking state and unlocking state, in the locking state, the lock head 4 is inserted in the locking cavity 341 of the lock nut 3, the drive mechanism drives each lock tongue 32 to extend into the locking cavity 341 and is inserted in the locking groove 416 of the lock head 4, in the unlocking state, the drive mechanism drives each lock tongue 32 to extend out the locking cavity 341, to separate from the locking groove 416.In locking state, battery box and battery pack bracket are connected as a whole, in the unlocking state, battery box can leave battery pack bracket.

[0060] The locking release assembly for quick replacement of the battery box of the application comprises a lock nut 3 and a lock head 4, the lock nut is installed on the battery box, and the lock head is installed on the battery bracket. A plurality of lock tongues 32 are arranged on each lock nut, when the lock head 4 is locked with the lock nut 3, the plurality of lock tongues 32 on the lock nut are inserted into the locking matching groove 416 of the lock head 4, the number of lock tongues 32 is increased, the locking force is improved, the possibility of simultaneous bending of the plurality of lock tongues 32 causing connection failure is very small, and therefore the connection strength and connection reliability are enhanced. Moreover, the plurality of lock tongues are inserted into the locking matching groove, the locking matching groove limits the lock tongue 32 on the upper and lower sides of the lock tongue, and the amplitude of the up-and-down shaking of the battery box relative to the battery bracket in the locked state is reduced. Furthermore, the locking of the locking release assembly of the application is the cooperation of the lock tongue and the matching groove, compared with the cooperation of the existing technology between the insertion column and the frame of the battery bracket, the guiding precision is significantly improved.

[0061] Further, the plurality of lock tongues are uniformly and spacedly arranged along the circumference of the locking cavity, which can first ensure that the lock is stable in all directions and is not prone to shaking in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the matching groove, and the lock head is limited in one turn, so that the lock head is not prone to shaking in all directions in the plane of the matching groove, and the electrical connector can be ensured to be stably connected.

[0062] Furthermore, the lock nut 3 of the locking release assembly for quick replacement of the battery box is provided with a plurality of lock tongues 32, the plurality of lock tongues 32 are simultaneously inserted into the matching groove for limiting, the locking force of the plurality of lock tongues 32 is large, and the possibility of simultaneous bending of the plurality of lock tongues 32 causing connection failure is very small, and therefore the locking release assembly for quick replacement of the battery box of the application is reliable and stable.

[0063] In some possible embodiments, the main body comprises a plurality of sliding grooves, each of the sliding grooves is sequentially and spacedly arranged along the circumference of the locking cavity 341. Each of the sliding grooves is communicated with the locking cavity 341, each of the lock tongues 32 is slidably connected to the corresponding sliding groove, and the driving mechanism is drivingly connected with each of the lock tongues 32 to drive each of the lock tongues 32 to slide along the sliding groove. When the lock nut is converted from the unlocked state to the locked state, the driving mechanism is started to drive the lock tongue 32 to slide along the sliding groove and to be inserted into the locking matching groove 416, and when the lock needs to be released, the driving mechanism is started to reversely drive the lock tongue 32 to slide away from the locking matching groove 416.

[0064] Preferably, the lock nut comprises 3-5 sliding grooves, one lock tongue 32 is arranged in each of the sliding grooves, and each of the sliding grooves is uniformly arranged along the circumference of the locking cavity 341.

[0065] In some possible embodiments, the main body comprises a base body 34 and a cover body 31 connected to the base body 34, a plurality of second groove bodies 311 are arranged on the cover body 31, and a plurality of first groove bodies 3 corresponding to the second groove bodies 311 are arranged on the base body 34.

[0066] 44, when the base body 34 and the cover body 31 are buckled to form an enclosure, the corresponding first sliding groove and the second sliding groove form a complete sliding groove. The locking cavity 341 is partially located on the base body 34 and partially located on the cover body 31. When the base body 34 and the cover body 31 are buckled to form a complete locking cavity 341, the internal structure such as the lock tongue 32 can be installed. When the internal structure such as the lock tongue 32 is installed, the cover body 31 can be opened, and the internal structure such as the lock tongue, the lock disc, and the related structure is arranged on the base body 34. Then, the cover body 31 and the base body 34 are buckled and connected.

[0067] In some possible embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a lock disc 33 which is rotatably arranged on the main body. One side of the lock disc 33 in the thickness direction is provided with a spiral tooth groove 334, and the lock tongue 32 is provided with a matching tooth 324. The matching tooth 324 and the spiral tooth are engaged, and the rotation of the lock disc 33 can drive each lock tongue 32 to slide along the sliding groove. The rotation of the lock disc 33 in the first direction can drive the lock tongue 32 to slide and insert into the locking matching groove 416, so that the lock head 4 and the lock core 3 are locked. The rotation of the lock disc 33 in the second direction opposite to the first direction can drive the lock tongue 32 to slide and disengage from the locking matching groove 416, so that the lock head 4 and the lock core 3 are unlocked.

[0068] In some possible embodiments, an annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the main body, and the lock disc 33 is rotatably arranged in the annular groove. In the locked state, the lock head 4 penetrates the center hole 333 of the lock disc 33. The lock tongue 32 is located on the side of the lock disc 33 away from the lock head 4. In the locked state, the locking matching position penetrates the center hole 333 to the side provided with the lock tongue 32, and the driving mechanism drives the lock tongue 32 to insert into the locking matching groove 416.

[0069] In some possible embodiments, the driving mechanism includes a worm 36 and a motor 38. The surface of the main body is provided with a mounting groove which is communicated with the annular groove. The lock disc 33 has a turbine part 331. The worm 36 is rotatably arranged on the main body, and the worm 36 is accommodated in the mounting groove. The worm 36 and the turbine part 331 are engaged, and the motor 38 and the worm 36 are drivingly connected. The motor 38 drives the worm 36 to rotate, and the worm 36 drives the lock disc 33 to rotate through the turbine part 331. The turbine worm 36 transmission is equivalent to spiral transmission, which is multi-tooth engagement transmission. Therefore, the carrying capacity is large, the transmission is stable, and the noise is small. Moreover, the turbine worm 36 transmission also has self-locking property. When the motor 38 stops rotating, the lock tongue 32 cannot move, so that the locking is stable, and the lock cannot be automatically unlocked due to vibration or force.

[0070] Further, the mounting groove is provided with a worm 36 receiving seat 343, and the worm 36 is rotatably connected to the worm 36 receiving seat 343.

[0071] In some possible embodiments, the lock disc 33 has smooth sections 332 on both ends of the side 323 of the lock disc 33, adjacent to the turbine sections 331, and close to the spiral tooth grooves 334, and the turbine sections 331 are away from the spiral tooth grooves 334. The smooth sections 332 are arranged without affecting the rotation of the lock disc 33.

[0072] In some possible embodiments, the worm 36 is connected with a first gear 37, and the motor 38 is connected with a second gear 39, and the first gear 37 and the second gear 39 are engaged. The gear transmission is compact, can realize short-distance transmission, and saves space. The gear transmission can ensure constant instantaneous transmission ratio and good stability. The gear transmission is reliable in work and has long service life, and is suitable for transmitting surge and torque between two weeks.

[0073] In some possible embodiments, the lock cavity 341 has a tapered cylinder cavity 342, the lock head 4 has a tapered section 422 and a lock catch 41 connected to the tapered section 422, and the lock catch 41 has the lock matching groove 416. In the locked state, the tapered section 422 is arranged in the tapered cylinder cavity 342. When the tapered surface of the tapered section 422 and the tapered cylinder cavity 342 of the lock base 3 are both tapered, the tapered surface plays a guiding role, and can adjust and ensure that the central axes of the lock head 4 and the lock base 3 are aligned. Only the lock head 4 and the lock base 3 can further realize the above functions, without the need to separately arrange a guiding structure, further reducing the volume occupied by the locking and releasing assembly. The tapered cylinder cavity 342 is arranged on the base body 34.

[0074] In some possible embodiments, the lock cavity 341 includes a straight cylinder cavity, which is located at the bottom of the tapered cylinder cavity 342 and communicates with the large end of the tapered cylinder cavity 342. The lock head 4 has a cylindrical section 423 connected to the tapered section 422, and in the locked state, the cylindrical section 423 is located in the straight cylinder cavity, and the outer wall of the cylindrical section 423 and the inner wall of the straight cylinder cavity are in close contact. When the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical section 423 of the lock head 4 and the straight cylinder cavity of the lock head 4 are matched, it corresponds to the compression stage of the battery box and the bracket electrical connector. At this stage, there is only one axial degree of freedom between the lock head and the lock base, and the electrical connector can only move and be compressed in this direction.

[0075] In some possible embodiments, the lock base 3 further includes a positioning body 35 connected to the side of the base body 34 away from the cover body 31. The straight cylinder cavity is arranged in the positioning body 35.

[0076] In some possible embodiments, the lock head 4 further comprises a base 43 connected to one side of the column segment 423 away from the taper segment 422. The base 43 is fixedly connected to the battery pack bracket, and the upper surface 322 of the base 43 of the lock head 4 can be flush with the highest part of the battery pack bracket to ensure that the taper segment 422, the column segment 423 and the lock catch 41 are higher than the battery pack bracket. This ensures that the lock head 4 and the lock nut 3 have sufficient connection space, and the connection is stable.

[0077] Further, the taper segment 422, the column segment 423 and the base 43 are all hollow bodies, which are light in weight and save materials. The taper segment 422 and the column segment 423 are integrally formed to form the positioning segment 42. The main column segment 423 can be welded or bolted to the base 43. If the main column segment 423 is bolted to the base 43, the bottom of the positioning segment 42 is provided with a positioning segment threaded hole 424, the top of the base 43 is provided with a base threaded hole 431, and a bolt is sequentially threaded through the positioning segment threaded hole 424 and the base threaded hole 431 and is screwed with a nut.

[0078] In some possible embodiments, the lock catch 41 has a lock catch body 411, a limiting body 414, a connecting body 413 and a mounting body 415. The connecting body 413 is located between the lock catch body 411 and the limiting body 414, and the connecting body 413 connects the lock catch body 411 and the limiting body 414, respectively. The lock catch body 411 and the limiting body 414 form the locking fitting groove 416 therebetween. The mounting body 415 is connected to one end of the limiting body 414 away from the lock catch body 411, and the mounting body 415 is connected to the taper segment 422. One end of the lock catch body 411 away from the limiting body 414 is provided with a tapered surface. The lock catch 41 is in the shape of a “dry” pencil, and the uppermost part thereof is tapered, which plays a guiding role when the lock head 4 is inserted into the locking cavity 341 of the lock nut 3, and makes the insertion more smooth. The diameter of the side surface 412 of the lock catch body 411 is slightly larger than the small diameter of the taper segment 422, and the height of the locking fitting groove 416 is consistent with the height of the lock teeth.

[0079] In some possible embodiments, the limiting body 414 is provided with a flat surface on the thickness end face thereof, and the mounting body 415 has external threads to be screwed to the taper segment 422. The top of the taper segment 422 is provided with a groove 421, and the groove wall of the groove 421 is provided with internal threads. When the lock catch 41 is mounted on the taper segment 422, a tool needs to be used to rotate the lock catch 41 to be closely connected to the taper segment 422. The flat surface is convenient for cooperation with the tool, and the rotation is more labor-saving.

[0080] In some possible embodiments, the lock tongue 32 comprises a pressing surface 321, an upper surface 322, a side surface 323 and a bottom surface. The height of the pressing surface 321 is consistent with the height of the lock groove of the lock catch 41, and the pressing surface 321 is provided with a circular arc surface, which better cooperates with the connecting body 413. The cooperating teeth 324 are arranged on the bottom surface.

[0081] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. Although the above preferred embodiment of the present application has been disclosed, it is not intended to limit the present application. Any skilled person in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above-mentioned technical content without departing from the technical solution of the present application, and equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes are equivalent. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments made according to the technical essence of the present application still belong to the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A locking and releasing assembly for quick replacement of a battery box, characterized in that: include: A lock head, the lock head is used to connect to the battery bracket, and the lock head has a locking matching groove; A lock nut, the lock nut being connected to the battery box, comprising a main body, a plurality of lock tongues, and a drive mechanism. The main body has a locking cavity, each of the lock tongues being movably disposed on the main body, each of the lock tongues being capable of telescopic movement along the radial direction of the lock nut, extending into or out of the locking cavity, and the drive mechanism being disposed on the main body and engaging with each of the lock tongues in a transmission manner. The locking release assembly has a locked state and an unlocked state. In the locked state, the lock head is inserted into the locking cavity of the lock nut, and the driving mechanism drives each lock tongue to extend into the locking cavity and insert into the locking matching groove of the lock head. In the unlocked state, the driving mechanism drives each lock tongue to extend out of the locking cavity to disengage from the locking matching groove.

2. The locking and releasing assembly for quick replacement of battery boxes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body includes a plurality of slide grooves, and the slide grooves are sequentially spaced around the circumference of the locking cavity; Each of the sliding grooves is connected to the locking cavity; Each of the locking tongues is slidably connected to a corresponding sliding groove; The driving mechanism is respectively connected to each of the lock tongues in a transmission manner to drive each of the lock tongues to slide along the sliding groove.

3. The locking and releasing assembly for quick replacement of a battery box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a lock disk rotatably disposed on the main body; The locking disc is provided with a spiral tooth groove on one side along the thickness direction; The lock tongue is provided with a matching tooth, and the matching tooth is meshed with the spiral tooth; The rotation of the lock disk can drive each of the lock tongues to slide along the sliding groove.

4. The locking and releasing assembly for quick replacement of a battery box according to claim 3, characterized in that: An annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the main body, and the locking disc is rotatably provided in the annular groove; In the locked state, the locking head passes through the central hole of the locking disk.

5. The locking and releasing assembly for quick replacement of a battery box according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a worm and a motor; A mounting groove is provided on the surface of the main body, and the mounting groove is connected to the annular groove; The lock plate has a turbine portion; The worm is rotatably mounted on the main body, the worm is accommodated in the mounting groove, and the worm is meshed with the turbine part; The motor is connected to the worm gear.

6. The locking and releasing assembly for quick replacement of a battery box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The worm is connected to a first gear; The output end of the motor is connected to a second gear; The first gear and the second gear are meshed with each other.

7. The locking and releasing assembly for quick replacement of a battery box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking cavity has a conical cylinder cavity, the locking head has a cone section and a lock buckle connected to the cone section, and the lock buckle has the locking matching groove; In the locked state, the cone section is inserted into the cone cavity.

8. The locking and releasing assembly for quick replacement of a battery box according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking cavity comprises a straight cylindrical cavity, which is located at the bottom of the conical cylindrical cavity and communicates with the large opening end of the conical cylindrical cavity; The lock head has a cylindrical section, and the cylindrical section is connected to the cone section; In the locked state, the column segment is located in the straight cylindrical cavity, and the outer wall of the column segment and the inner wall of the straight cylindrical cavity are in contact with each other.

9. The locking and releasing assembly for quick replacement of a battery box according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lock buckle comprises a lock buckle body, a limiting body, a connecting body and a mounting body; The connecting body is located between the locking body and the limiting body, and the connecting body connects the locking body and the limiting body respectively, and the locking matching groove is formed between the locking body and the limiting body; The mounting body is connected to one end of the limiting body away from the locking body, and the mounting body is connected to the cone section; A conical surface is provided on one end of the locking body away from the limiting body.

10. The locking and releasing assembly for quick replacement of a battery box according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness end surface of the limiter is provided with a flat surface; The mounting body has an external thread for being threadedly connected to the cone section.

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